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2023年四川省成都石室中学5月高考模拟（3）英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2023年四川省成都石室中学5月高考模拟（3）英语试卷含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年四川省成都石室中学5月高考模拟（3）
英语
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Your Garden Escape
Even in the big city you can find oases（绿洲）of calm and beauty.From a royal palace to a classical garden，we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.
Horniman Gardens
Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.Visitors can enjoy the Sound Garden，Meadow Field，and even a Prehistoric Garden，which features a display of "living fossils."The gardens are very popular with families，and dogs can be let off their leads in the Meadow Field.
Chiswick Garden
As a classical garden landscape in London，it was here that the English Landscape Movement was born with William Kent's designs.Enjoy fresh bread，seasonal food，and natural wines in the award-winning cafe，while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape，spotted with impressive art and statues.
Buckingham Palace Garden
The 39-acre garden boasts more than 350 types of wildflowers，over 200 trees and a three-acre lake.The garden also provides a habitat for native birds rarely seen in London.A tour of the garden can be completed by having a cream tea in the cafe overlooking the Palace's famous grassland and lake.
Kew Garden
The Royal Botanic Garden at Kew is one of the world's most famous gardens and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Have a walk through the vast garden，spot local wildlife at the lake，or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson.Be sure to visit the Temperate House，which contains some of the rarest and most threatened plants.
1. What can visitors do in both Horniman Gardens and Chiswick Garden？ ______
A. Study living fossils. B. Taste delicious food.
C. Enjoy impressive art. D. Appreciate fine views.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to join in hands-on activities？ ______
A. Horniman Gardens. B. Chiswick Garden.
C. Buckingham Palace Garden. D. Kew Garden.
3. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To inform visitors of famous gardens.
B. To entertain interested garden visitors.
C. To stress the necessity of garden escape.
D. To show the benefits of touring gardens.
B
Penn Station Shoe Repair and Shoe Shine is a small shoeshining business in New York City.On a recent weekday，customers sat down at the shoeshine business and pulled out newspapers and phones to read while their shoes got shined.The shoeshiners cleaned the footwear and added an oily substance to protect the shoes' leather material.When it was finished，the customers paid eight dollars for the work.
Shoeshining has a long history in the United States，dating back hundreds of years.But today，due to the COVID-19 pandemic，more people work from home than in the past.And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes.Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.
Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia.He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine. "And here I am，you know，30 years later，doing the same thing.So，it's certainly something that's passed down over time，" he said.
At David Mesquita's Leather Spa，which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area，the repairs are the major part of its sales.But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don't have the service.
Before the pandemic，Leather Spa had four shoeshine chairs at its business inside New York's Grand Central Terminal.It employed six shoeshiners.Together，they would complete about 120 shines a day.Now，there are only three shoeshiners who do 40 or 50 shines a day at most.
"Traffic is slowly coming back in，though we're still not back 100 percent of what we were，" Mesquita said，adding that shoeshining isn't something that will ever fully go away. "People like to treat themselves，" he said， "whether it's once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks.It's just nice."
4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？ ______
A. The dark future of the shoeshining business.
B. Reasons for the change of people's lifestyle.
C. The rise and fall of the shoeshining business.
D. Causes of the decline of the shoeshining business.
5. What did little Rory Heenan do regularly？ ______
A. He shined his father's shoes personally.
B. He accompanied his father to work.
C. He recorded his shining his father's shoes.
D. He greeted his father at the train station.
6. According to the text，Leather Spa's shoeshining service ______ .
A. means a great deal to its overall business
B. can be enjoyed in most shoe repair businesses
C. is more profitable than its shoe repair business
D. does expand gradually during the pandemic
7. What's Mesquita's attitude towards the future of shoeshining？ ______
A. Mixed. B. Hopeless. C. Optimistic. D. Worried.
C
Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas.Tits （ ill雀） can be fashion followers，too，apparently.A latest study shows that，given the chance，they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour.
Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin were following up on a study published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams，an American naturalist.He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn （纱） out in his garden，almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests.But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season.This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.
Williams's work was，however，forgotten until they came across it while following up on a different study，published by a team at the University of Toulouse，suggesting fashion-following，too.Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment，but this time to collect some actual numbers.
The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue tits in a wood near the institute.Most birds in this wood carried tracking devices fitted to them after their capture in mist nets.That allowed the institute's researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by recording their arrival at food containers throughout the wood.Instead of food，these containers were loaded with wool of different colors.Interestingly，researchers soon found that most nests of blue tits included only the color of the wool first chosen by a nestbuilder.
Tits，then，do seem to be "on trend"，when it comes to nest-building materials.Why that should happen remains obscure.Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds，and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit.Williams's original work，though，suggests such initial choices are at random-a bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.
8. What can we learn from Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin contributed to William's work.
B. Early birds' color preference was copied by their fellows.
C. The yam was the most popular material to decorate local birds' nests.
D. The color of the yam favored by local birds was fixed throughout the year.
9. How did Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin improve William's experiment？ ______
A. They observed the blue tits.
B. They studied the habits of blue tits.
C. They adopted the data-collecting method.
D. They fitted tracking devices to food containers.
10. What does the underlined word "obscure" in Paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. Hidden. B. Evident. C. Complicated. D. Shallow.
11. What is the main idea of the text？ ______
A. Birds favor certain colors in decoration.
B. Young birds follow their elders in fashion.
C. Young birds are just as intelligent as people.
D. Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.
D
Rising sea levels and the potential impacts to huge coastal populations worldwide rank near the top of concerns when it comes to consequences of a worsening climate emergency.But a lesser-known danger poses an equal or arguably more urgent threat to millions around the world living at much higher altitudes：flooding from glacial lakes.
With average temperatures rising around the world in recent decades，a number of these lakes high above population centers in South America and Asia have become swollen and unstable as the reserves of snow and ice that feed them melt ever faster.
For the first time，an international team of researchers has quantified（量化） this threat.It reports that 15 million people are in the path of potential floods from these swollen bodies of water."Understanding which areas face the greatest danger from glacial flooding will allow for more targeted and effective risk management actions，which in turn will help minimize loss of life and damage to infrastructure（基础设施） downstream，"said Rachel Carr，head of physical geography at Newcastle University.
In 1941，a glacial lake outburst flood，or GLOF，from Lake Palcacocha killed thousands in the town of Huaraz below and largely inspired the beginning of research into the phenomenon.Dams and other infrastructure were put in place to relieve the threat from the lake in the 1970s，but its volume is now over 30 times greater，requiring new improvements to safely drain and release water pressure.
Lead researcher Caroline Taylor says the researchers also found that understanding the danger requires more than just counting lakes and measuring their volume."Instead，it is the number of people，their distance to a glacial lake and importantly，their ability to cope with a flood that determines the potential danger from a GLOF event."
In recent years，a warning system was set up at Lake Palcacocha that could give residents of Huaraz enough time to get out of the way of an incoming flood.Meanwhile，other threatened villages with no such alert system continue to rely on hope and luck.
12. Why does the author mention rising sea levels in the first paragraph？ ______
A. To make a comparison. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To provide an example. D. To support his argument.
13. What can we learn about GLOF from the passage？ ______
A. Effective risk management will rid people of the danger.
B. An international team first figured out the dangerous areas.
C. Threatened villagers without warning systems can easily get hurt.
D. A GLOF in the 1970s determined the start of study into the danger.
14. Which factor decides the potential danger according to Caroline Taylor？ ______
A. The number of the unstable lakes. B. The volume of the unstable lakes.
C. The ability to handle a flood. D. The degree of climate change.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Glacial Lakes：a Potential Danger.
B. GLOF：an Overlooked Threat.
C. Climate Change：the Cause of GLOF.
D. Warning Systems：a Solution to GLOF.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Why you're more creative in coffee shops
Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops.（1） ______ .Among them are Pablo Picasso，J.K.Rowling，Francois Voltaire and Bob Dylan.
A sweet spot of noise and crowds
Some of us stick in our earbuds as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting.But scientists have known for years that background noise can benefit our creative thinking.A study showed that a modest level of surrounding noise in a place like a cafe can actually promote your creative output.（2） ______ .Therefore，this can lead to more creative idea generation.
Air of informality
The typical coffee-shop user might be a lone worker struggling with a creative effort.However，experts say these cafe settings can also benefit work groups who are brainstorming.There is a formal air when gathering on digital meeting platforms.（3） ______ .All those audio and visual stimuli（刺激） help groups，too，compared to the meeting in a formal meeting room.
（ 4） ______
One thing that can make working from home or the office feel boring is the visual environment.Often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls all day long.In the coffee shops，people come and go.（5） ______ .The pleasant smells of coffee and food vary.While we tend not to take conscious notice of these micro-stimuli，and likely don't openly choose to work in this location because of them，these activities around us make our brains work a bit differently than at home.
A.Visual variety
B.The daylight changes
C.The birthplace of countless great works
D.Not all kinds of noisy surroundings are bad for your creativity
E.By contrast，there is an informal atmosphere when meeting up at a bar or cafe
F.Whatever their careers，they have tapped into their creativity working at a table in a cafe
G.If you're slightly distracted from the task at hand，it raises your abstract thinking ability
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
When I was eight，I wanted a toy and needed ＄10 to buy it.But，as usual，I was broke .I decided to ask my 11- year- old sister，Kathleen，for a loan.I went to her room，（1） ______ her for the cash.Laughing，she agreed to（2） ______ me the money，but added，"I will charge you 10 percent compound interest every（3） ______ until you pay me back."
"Compound interest-what's that？"I asked.
" Well，interest is what you call the（4） ______ money borrowers have to pay back on a loan，" she explained." Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the（5） ______ you take to pay back the loan.To repay the loan，you will need to give me ＄11 after one month.If you wait two months to pay me back，your（6） ______ will grow from ＄10 to ＄11.So I' ll be charging you interest on ＄11.Then I will add that interest to the ＄11 you already owe me，for a（7） ______ of ＄12.10.That's what you'll owe after two months."
" Sure.I get it，"I said.Though truthfully，I was getting（8） ______ .
With the money，I bought the toy.My birthday came a month later，and my mom gave me ＄10.（9） ______ ，that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted desperately，the purchase of which made me penniless.I（10） ______ paying my sister for a month.After another month，I（11） ______ about the loan.
Several months later，on Christmas morning，my sister and I each found a ＄20 bill in our stockings.I was just putting it into my（12） ______ when Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.
" Sorry，kiddo.That's mine.I'm（13） ______ the debt from you."
" Huh？" Then I remembered the loan." Hey!How can it be that much？I（14） ______ borrowed ＄10."
" True，" she said，" but interest has been compounding for eight months.Now you（15） ______ me ＄21.43."She paused，then added."You can pay me the ＄21.43."
I（16） ______ to believe that a ＄10 loan could more than double so quickly.Much to my（17） ______ ，my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up.
My head（18） ______ as I tried to keep track of Kathleen 's（19） ______ ，but this time，I got the basic idea of compound interest.I（20） ______ the hard way that borrowing money can be " double trouble " in no time.
21. A. blaming B. begging C. searching D. preparing
22. A. borrow B. hand C. lend D. pay
23. A. month B. year C. week D. day
24. A. little B. same C. enough D. extra
25. A. less B. longer C. more D. shorter
26. A. cash B. saving C. charge D. debt
27. A. total B. cost C. number D. bill
28. A. encouraged B. shocked C. confused D. satisfied
29. A. Joyfully B. Unfortunately C. Foolishly D. Gratefully
30. A. put off B. kept on C. set about D. gave up
31. A. cared B. disagreed C. worried D. forgot
32. A. account B. stocking C. pocket D. property
33. A. reducing B. collecting C. commanding D. counting
34. A. normally B. nearly C. only D. really
35. A. owe B. offer C. take D. make
36. A. decided B. refused C. pretended D. managed
37. A. relief B. regret C. delight D. annoyance
38. A. turned B. nodded C. stuck D. hurt
39. A. calculations B. excuses C. directions D. discoveries
40. A. explored B. explained C. learned D. questioned
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. A loyal Liverpool Football Club fan is always making sure to cheer on his beloved team whenever they play-and thanks （1） ______ a letter from his-loving older brother，the team was recently able to return the favor.
Ian，a Liverpool City native，（2） ______ hoped his hometown soccer team would do something special for his brother David，（3） ______ （write）a letter to the club about David's condition.Since David was starved of oxygen as an infant，he developed differently than other kids.Though David struggled （4） ______ （academic），his enduring loyalty to Liverpool FC never left him，and he is well-known in the community as being a great kid and a passionate fan.
David is a season ticket holder who （5） ______ （try）to go and see Liverpool play as many times as he can.He could never have expected that one of the （6） ______ （great）members of the team would go to see him while he was at work.
Liverpool FC defender Virgil Van Dijk，（7） ______ （consider）to be the best defender and one of the best players in the world，visited David's place of work to give him the surprise of a lifetime.（8） ______ trip to Liverpool FC's training ground to meet the team.
Not only that，Van Dijk presented David with （9） ______ （ ticket）for all the rest of the games to make sure they had his support from the stands for every one of the 25 （10） ______ （remain）games this season.
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father has just returned back home from Hubei.He stays there for half a year.For the first three month，he lived in Wuhan and picked fruit at a farm，which is a wonder place.Afterwards，he had to move to Yichang to finish other job.There he worked in elegant Sichuan restaurant.He loved it because it reminded him of his hometown.This job was hard，but there were some nice people work with him.He really had fun during this trip，and that surprised him most was that he got his communication skills improve greatly in the process.He hopes to go back there sometimes in the future.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假设你是学生李华，你班在英语课上举行了以"Say No to Phubbing"为题目的演讲，请写一篇100词左右的演讲稿。要点如下：
（1）现象；
（2）影响；
（3）建议。
词汇：低头族phubbers；低头族现象phubbing
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Horniman Gardens部分中的关键句Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.（霍尼曼花园占地16英亩，享有伦敦的壮丽景色。）和Chiswick Garden部分中的关键句Enjoy fresh bread，seasonal food，and natural wines in the award-winning cafe，while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape ，spotted with impressive art and statues.（享受新鲜的面包，时令食品，和天然葡萄酒在屡获殊荣的咖啡馆，而欣赏自然主义的风景之美，发现令人印象深刻的艺术和雕像。）可知，游客可以在霍尼曼花园和奇斯威克花园欣赏美景。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Kew Garden部分中的关键句Have a walk through the vast garden，spot local wildlife at the lake，or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson.（在广阔的花园中漫步，在湖边观赏当地的野生动物，或者尝试上一节园艺课，让自己的双手脏起来。）可知，如果游客想参加实践活动，他们应该去Kew Garden。故选D。
（3）写作意图题。由本文第一段中的关键句From a royal palace to a classical garden，we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.（从皇家宫殿到古典花园，我们推荐巨大的绿色空间来逃离伦敦的喧嚣。）可知，文章的目的是向游客介绍著名园林。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。主要向读者介绍了伦敦一些著名的公园景点。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据文章第二段Shoeshining has along history in the United States，dating back hundreds of years.But today，due to the COVID-19 pandemic，more people work from home than in the past.And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes.Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.（擦鞋在美国有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到几百年前。但如今，由于COVID-19疫情，比过去更多的人在家工作。穿休闲装也变得越来越流行。这意味着擦鞋业务的客户减少了。）可知，虽然擦鞋业在美国有着悠久的历史，但如今因为疫情，擦鞋的客户减少了。由此推断，本段主要讲述了擦鞋业如今衰落的原因。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia.He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine.（Rory Heenan是一名来自费城的38岁会计师。他说，当他还是个小男孩的时候，每个月的一个星期五，他都会和父亲一起乘火车去他的办公室，看着他擦鞋。）可知，Rory Heenan经常陪他爸爸一起去工作。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段At David Mesquita's Leather Spa，which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area，the repairs are the major part of its sales.But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don't have the service.（David Mesquita的Leather Spa在该地区经营着五家修鞋和擦鞋业务，修鞋是其销售的主要部分。但擦鞋仍然是吸引顾客的一项重要服务，因为大多数鞋店都没有这项服务。）可知，擦鞋业务是LeatherSpa业务中非常重要的服务，所以擦鞋业务对其整体业务意义重大。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段"Traffic is slowly coming back in，though we're still not back 100 percent of what we were，"Mesquita said，adding that shoeshining isn't something that will ever fully go away. "People like to treat themselves，" he said， "whether it's once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks.It's just nice."（Mesquita说："客流量正在慢慢恢复，尽管我们还没有恢复到以前的100%。"他补充说，擦鞋工作永远不会完全消失。"人们喜欢犒劳自己，"他说，"无论是一周一次、一周两次还是每两周一次。都是不错的。"）可知，Mesquita对擦鞋业的未来还是抱有乐观的态度。A.Mixed.混合的；B.Hopeless.没有希望的；C.Optimistic.乐观的；D.Worried.担心的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在美国擦鞋拥有悠久的历史，由于疫情原因，擦鞋业也受到了影响。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二自然段He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn （纱） out in his garden，almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests.But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season.This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others. （他注意到，当他把各种颜色的纱线球放在花园里时，几乎总是有一种，而且只有一种因为被放进当地的鸟巢而在那个季节流行起来。但哪种颜色受到青睐因季节而异。这表明，其中一只早期鸟类选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并模仿了。）可知，最开始的鸟类的颜色偏好被它们的同伴模仿了。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三自然段Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment，but this time to collect some actual numbers. （因此，Wild博士和Aplin博士开始重新进行Williams的实验，但这次是为了收集一些实际数字。）可知，Wild博士和Aplin博士采用了数据收集的方法来改进Williams的实验。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第五自然段Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds，and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. （Wild博士和Aplin博士怀疑时尚界的领导者都是年纪较大的鸟，进化倾向于年轻人模仿他们的长辈，因为这些长辈显然在命运的洗礼中幸存了下来。）中的suspect可推知，为什么会发生这种情况还不清楚。obscure意为"不清楚的；隐蔽的"。A.Hidden.隐蔽的；B.Evident.显然的；C.Complicated.复杂的；D.Shallow.肤浅的。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一自然段Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas.Tits （ ill雀） can be fashion followers，too，apparently.A latest study shows that，given the chance，they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour. （人类并不是动物王国中唯一的时尚达人。显然，山雀也可以成为时尚追随者。一项最新研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴。）可知，本文主要讲的是鸟类像人类一样追随潮流。D项"Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people. （鸟类和人一样具有时尚意识）"最能概括本文大意。A．Birds favor certain colors in decoration.鸟类喜欢装饰中的某些颜色；B．Young birds follow their elders in fashion.年轻的鸟儿在时尚上追随他们的长辈；C．Young birds are just as intelligent as people.小鸟和人一样聪明；D．Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.鸟类和人类一样有时尚意识。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。人类并不是动物界唯一的时尚达人。研究表明，山雀也像人类一样追随潮流，用流行色装点巢穴。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Rising sea levels and the potential impacts to huge coastal populations worldwide rank near the top of concerns when it comes to consequences of a worsening climate emergency.But a lesser-known danger poses an equal or arguably more urgent threat to millions around the world living at much higher altitudes：flooding from glacial lakes.（当谈到日益恶化的气候紧急情况的后果时，海平面上升和对全球大量沿海人口的潜在影响几乎是人们最关心的问题。但是，一个鲜为人知的危险对全球生活在高海拔地区的数百万人构成了同样或可以说更紧迫的威胁：冰川湖泊的洪水。）可知作者在第一段提到海平面上升是为了引出话题。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段In 1941，a glacial lake outburst flood，or GLOF，from Lake Palcacocha killed thousands in the town of Huaraz below and largely inspired the beginning of research into the phenomenon.Dams and other infrastructure were put in place to relieve the threat from the lake in the 1970s，but its volume is now over 30 times greater，requiring new improvements to safely drain and release water pressure.（1941年，来自帕尔卡科查湖（Lake Palcacocha）的冰川湖爆发洪水（GLOF）导致下面瓦拉斯镇（Huaraz）数千人死亡，这在很大程度上激发了对这一现象的研究。在20世纪70年代，为了缓解来自湖泊的威胁，大坝和其他基础设施已经到位，但现在它的体积超过了30倍，需要新的改进来安全排水和释放水压。）可知从文章中我们可以了解到20世纪70年代的一次全球大萧条决定了对这种危险的研究的开始。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Lead researcher Caroline Taylor says the researchers also found that understanding the danger requires more than just counting lakes and measuring their volume."Instead，it is the number of people，their distance to a glacial lake and importantly，their ability to cope with a flood that determines the potential danger from a GLOF event."（首席研究员卡罗琳•泰勒说，研究人员还发现，了解危险需要的不仅仅是计算湖泊数量和测量它们的体积。"相反，决定GLOF事件潜在危险的是人口数量，他们与冰川湖的距离，以及重要的是他们应对洪水的能力。"）可知卡洛琳•泰勒认为处理洪水的能力决定了潜在的危险。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文以及根据第一段Rising sea levels and the potential impacts to huge coastal populations worldwide rank near the top of concerns when it comes to consequences of a worsening climate emergency.But a lesser-known danger poses an equal or arguably more urgent threat to millions around the world living at much higher altitudes：flooding from glacial lakes.（当谈到日益恶化的气候紧急情况的后果时，海平面上升和对全球大量沿海人口的潜在影响几乎是人们最关心的问题。但是，一个鲜为人知的危险对全球生活在高海拔地区的数百万人构成了同样或可以说更紧迫的威胁：冰川湖泊的洪水。）可知本文主要讲述了随着全球气温不断上升，高海拔地区的冰川湖泊水位不断上涨，可能导致洪水灾害的威胁越来越大。这种威胁可能比海平面上升更加紧迫，因为全球有数百万人居住在这些高海拔地区。所以"B.GLOF：an Overlooked Threat."为最佳标题。故选B。
本文主要讲述了随着全球气温不断上升，高海拔地区的冰川湖泊水位不断上涨，可能导致洪水灾害的威胁越来越大。这种威胁可能比海平面上升更加紧迫，因为全球有数百万人居住在这些高海拔地区。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】F、G、E、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops.（历史上一些最成功的人都是在咖啡店里完成了他们最好的工作。）这里提及了people，下文Among them are Pablo Picasso，J.K.Rowling，Francois Voltaire and Bob Dylan.（其中包括巴勃罗•毕加索、J•K•罗琳、弗朗索瓦•伏尔泰和鲍勃•迪伦。）可知，这一段主要举例了多位不同职业的名人，有人称代词"them"指代他们也是喜欢在咖啡馆工作，选项F.Whatever their careers，they have tapped into their creativity working at a table in a cafe（无论他们的职业是什么，他们都会在咖啡馆的桌子旁发挥自己的创造力）中their career以及they与上下文对应，符合语境。故选F。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文A study showed that a modest level of surrounding noise in a place like a cafe can actually promote your creative output.（一项研究表明，在咖啡馆这样的地方，适度的周围噪音实际上可以促进你的创造性产出。）以及下文Therefore，this can lead to more creative idea generation.（因此，这样做会产生更多有创意的想法。）可知，本段小标题A sweet spot of noise and crowds（一个有噪音和人群的最佳地点）主要讨论多种不同声音对于人们工作时创造能力的影响，上文提及关键词noise，下文提及this指代在咖啡馆工作的行为，选项G.If you're slightly distracted from the task at hand，it raises your abstract thinking ability（如果你对手头的任务有点分心，这会提高你的抽象思维能力）G中distracted from the task（从任务中分心）可知，噪音使人分心，这指代噪音造成的影响，但是这样做反而促进创造力的产生，符合语境。故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文There is a formal air when gathering on digital meeting platforms.（在虚拟会议平台上聚会有一种正式的气氛。）与下文All those audio and visual stimuli（刺激） help groups，too，compared to the meeting in a formal meeting room.（与在会议室的正式会议相比，所有这些音频和视觉刺激也有助于团队协作。）可知，本段主要描述不正式的工作氛围，上文air与小标题中关键字对应，下文中All those audio and visual stimuli（所有这些音频和视觉刺激）指代咖啡馆的工作氛围，选项E.By contrast，there is an informal atmosphere when meeting up at a bar or cafe（相比之下，在酒吧或咖啡馆聚会时会有一种非正式的氛围）中meeting up at a bar or cafe（在酒吧或咖啡馆见面）与上下文对应，符合语境。故选E。
（4）标题判断题。本题需要选本段的小标题，而小标题是对全段落的高度概括，在本段中首句也是概括了段落主旨大意One thing that can make working from home or the office feel boring is the visual environment. （让在家或办公室工作感到无聊的原因之一是视觉环境。）其中关键词"visual（视觉的）"与A项"Visual variety（视觉变化）"对应。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls all day long.In the coffee shops，people come and go.（我们常常整天坐在同一把椅子上，看着同样的四面墙。在咖啡店里，人们来来往往。）可知此处表明人在变化，光线也在变。选项B.The daylight changes（日光变化）符合上下文语境。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了咖啡馆可以使人们工作时更有创造力，并且分别讲述其产生的原因和具体的影响。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】B、C、A、D、B、D、A、C、B、A、D、C、B、C、A、B、D、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.blaming责备；B.begging恳求；C.searching搜索，搜寻；D.preparing准备。句意：我去了她的房间，恳求姐姐借钱。根据上文I decided to ask my 11- year- old sister，Kathleen，for a loan.可知，我需要钱，去恳求姐姐借钱。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.borrow借进；B.hand递；C.lend借出；D.pay付钱。句意：她笑着同意借钱给我，但补充道："我会每月向你收取10%的利息，直到你还我为止。"根据下文I will charge you 10 percent compound interest 可知，姐姐同意借给我钱。故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.month月；B.year年；C.week周；D.day日。句意：她笑着同意借钱给我，但补充道："我会每月向你收取10%的利息，直到你还我为止。"由第三段中的"To repay the loan，you will need to give me ＄11 after one month"可知，姐姐答应借给我钱，但是要作者每个月付10%的利息。故选A。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.little不多的，小的；B.same同样的；C.enough足够的；D.extra额外的。句意：利息就是借款人必须偿还的额外贷款。根据上文interest is what you call可知，利息是借钱人在归还贷款时额外付的钱。故选D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.less更少的；B.longer更长的；C.more更多的；D.shorter更短的。句意：复利意味着偿还贷款的时间越长，支付的利息就越大。根据下文the interest payments get bigger and bigger可知，归还贷款需要的时间越长，所需支付的利息就越多。故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.cash现金；B.saving积蓄；C.charge收费；D.debt债务。句意：如果你等两个月归还我的钱，那么，你的债务将从10美元增加到11美元。根据上文If you wait two months to pay me back可知，债务将从10美元增加到11美元。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.total总数；B.cost花费，成本；C.number数目；D.bill账单。句意：因此，我将向你收取11美元的利息。然后，我将把这笔利息加到你已经欠我的11美元上，共计12.10美元。根据上文Then I will add that interest to the ＄11 you already owe me可知，如果作者两个月才归还姐姐的钱的话，那么，利滚利，最终作者要归还的总数为12.10美元。故选A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.encouraged受到鼓励的；B.shocked震惊的；C.confused困惑的；D.satisfied满意的。句意：尽管说实话，我还是感到困惑。根据though可知，我告诉姐姐我明白了。但是，说实话，我很困惑。故选C。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.Joyfully快乐地；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Foolishly愚蠢短；D.Gratefully感激地。句意：不幸的是，这正是我买另一个我迫切想要的玩具所需要的金额，购买这个玩具让我身无分文。根据上文that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted desperately可知，我生日那天，妈妈给了我10美元，不幸地是，那笔钱恰恰就是我买另一个玩具所需要的钱。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put off推迟；B.kept on继续；C.set about开始；D.gave up放弃。句意：我推迟了一个月还我妹妹的钱。又过了一个多月，我就忘了贷款的事。根据下文After another month可知，我推迟了一个月还我妹妹的钱。故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.cared在意；B.disagreed不同意；C.worried担心；D.forgot忘记。句意：我推迟了一个月还我妹妹的钱。又过了一个多月，我就忘了贷款的事。由下文中""Huh？" Then I remembered the loan"可知，又过了一个月，作者忘记了自己借的钱，到了圣诞节经姐姐提醒才想起来。故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.account账户；B.stocking长袜；C.pocket口袋；D.property所有物。句意：我刚把它放进口袋，凯萨琳就拍了拍我的肩膀。根据上文putting it into my可知，作者正要把20美元放到自己的口袋里，这时候姐姐拍了拍他的肩膀。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.reducing减少；B.collecting收集；C.commanding命令；D.counting数。句意：那是我的。我正在向你收债。根据下文the debt from you可知，姐姐告诉作者："我要收债了"。故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.normally正常地；B.nearly几乎；C.only仅仅；D.really的确，确实。句意：我仅仅借了10美元。根据上文How can it be that much？可知，作者经过姐姐提醒，记起了自己的债务。但是他认为自己没借那么多钱，他只借了10美元。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.owe欠；B.offer（主动）提供；C.take带走；D.make制作。句意：你欠我21.43美元。根据下文You can pay me the ＄21.43.可知，姐姐告诉作者，过了八个月，作者欠她21.43美元。故选A。
（16）考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定；B.refused拒绝；C.pretended假装；D.managed设法做到。句意：我不相信10美元的贷款能这么快翻倍。根据下文a ＄10 loan could more than double so quickly可知，作者不相信10美元的借款会这么快就会加倍。故选B。
（17）考查名词及语境理解。A.relief缓解；B.regret后悔，遗憾；C.delight高兴；D.annoyance恼怒。句意：令我非常恼火的是，我姐姐拿到了她的铅笔和平板电脑，并向我展示了它们的确切组成。根据下文my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up可知，令作者感到生气的是，姐姐拿来铅笔和便签簿，向作者展示这个钱数是怎么来的。故选D。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.turned转动；B.nodded点头；C.stuck粘贴，粘；D.hurt疼痛。句意：当我试图记录Kathleen的计算时，我的头很疼，但这一次，我得到了复利的基本概念。当作者努力地想弄清楚姐姐的计算时，作者很头疼。故选D。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.calculations计算；B.excuses借口，理由；C.directions方向；D.discoveries发现。句意：当我试图记录Kathleen的计算时，我的头很疼，但这一次，我得到了复利的基本概念。由上面的"my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up"可知，姐姐给作者计算这个钱数是怎么来的。故选A。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.explored探索；B.explained解释；C.learned学会；D.questioned询问，质疑。句意：我艰难地学会了借钱很快就会成为"双重麻烦"。根据下文the hard way that borrowing money can be " double trouble " in no time.可知，作者通过这次经历学会了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者八岁时一次借钱的经历。本来作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最终作者的债务累加到了21.43美元。经过这次经历，作者明白了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。
做完形填空时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时首先通读全文，结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关信息进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在全文的背景下，关注上下文基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
41.【答案】【小题1】to
【小题2】who
【小题3】wrote
【小题4】academically
【小题5】tries
【小题6】greatest
【小题7】considered
【小题8】a
【小题9】tickets
【小题10】remaining
【解析】（1）to．考查固定短语．句意：并且由于他亲爱的哥哥的来信，球队最近才得以回信．thanks to是固定短语"幸亏，由于"．故填：to．
（2）who．考查定语从句．句意：伊恩是利物浦的本地人，他希望家乡的足球队能为他哥哥大卫做些特别的事情，本句先行词是Ian，在非限制性定语从句中做主语．应该用who引导，故填：who．
（3）wrote．考查时态．句意：他给俱乐部写了一封关于大卫病情的信．本文的叙述是过去时，write的过去时是wrote，故填：wrote．
（4）academically．考查副词．句意：尽管大卫在学业上很吃力，但他对利物浦的忠诚从未离开过他，此处用副词修饰动词，academically是副词"学术地"．故填：academically．
（5）tries．考查主谓一致．句意：大卫是一个季票持有者，他想去看利物浦尽可能多的比赛．本句是定语从句的主谓一致，who指代的是大卫，谓语动词用单数形式，故填：tries．
（6）greatest．考查最高级．句意：他从来没想到队里最伟大的队员之一会在他工作的时候去看他．此处用最高级greatest．故填：greatest．
（7）considered．考查过去分词．句意：利物浦后卫维吉尔•范迪克，被认为是世界上最好的后卫和最好的球员之一，访问了大卫的工作地点，给了他一生的惊喜．Virgil Van Dijk与动词consider之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词在句中做定语．故填：considered．
（8）a．考查冠词．句意：前往利物浦训练场与球队会合的一次旅程，应该用不定冠词a，故填：a．
（9）tickets．考查名词．句意：范迪克还向大卫出示了所有剩余比赛的门票，ticket是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式．故填：tickets．
（10）remaining．考查形容词．句意：迪克还向大卫出示了所有剩余比赛的门票，以确保在本赛季剩下的25场比赛中，每一场都能得到看台的支持．remaining是形容词"保持不变的，剩余的"，故填：remaining．
本文写了利物浦后卫维吉尔•范迪克被认为是世界上最好的后卫和球员之一，亲自与球迷大卫见面的故事．
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．
42.【答案】My father has just returned back home from Hubei.He stays there for half a year.For the first three month，he lived in Wuhan and picked fruit at a farm，which is a wonder place.Afterwards，he had to move to Yichang to finish other job.There he worked in ∧ elegant Sichuan restaurant.He loved it because it reminded him of his hometown.This job was hard，but there were some nice people work with him.He really had fun during this trip，and that surprised him most was that he got his communication skills improve greatly in the process.He hopes to go back there sometimes in the future.
详解：
（1）考查动词用法。句意：我父亲刚从湖北回来。短语return home表示"回家"，不需要back。故删除back。
（2）考查时态。句意：他在那里待了半年。动作发生在过去，应用用一般过去时。故stays改为stayed。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：前三个月，他住在武汉，在一个农场摘水果，这是一个神奇的地方。month为可数名词，由three可知，此处应用复数。故month改为months。
（4）考查形容词。句意：前三个月，他住在武汉，在一个农场摘水果，这是一个神奇的地方。修饰名词place应用形容词wonderful。故wonder改为wonderful。
（5）考查代词。句意：后来，他不得不搬到宜昌去完成另一份工作。other后跟复数名词，此处job为单数，表示"另一"应用another。故other改为another。
（6）考查冠词。句意：在那里，他在一家雅致的四川餐馆工作。restaurant为可数名词，此处为泛指且elegant是以元音音素开头的单词。故in后添加an。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：这份工作很辛苦，但有一些很好的人和他一起工作。分析句子可知，work与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故work改为working。
（8）考查主语从句。句意：他在这次旅行中真的很开心，最让他惊讶的是他的沟通能力在这个过程中得到了很大的提高。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物用what。故that改为what。
（9）考查过去分词。句意：他在这次旅行中真的很开心，最让他惊讶的是他的沟通能力在这个过程中得到了很大的提高。此处improve与skills之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故improve改为improved。
（10）考查副词。句意：他希望在将来的某个时候再去那里。根据后文"in the future"可知，指将来的某个时候应用sometime。故sometimes改为sometime。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的父亲外出务工的经历。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Good morning，everyone!Nowadays，have you noticed that wherever we go，there are always people focusing their attention on their mobile phones？（开场白）
There is no denying that people who like the mobile phone are concerned about its attractive functions.Phubbers can't stop sending messages，surfing the Internet，listening to music and even taking photos.Moreover，these people have less time to relax themselves.They make use of the time when they are on the way to school or other places to play mobile games. 【高分句型一】（现象）
However，phubbing disturbs not only our study but also our life.On the one hand，phubbers waste lots of time playing cell phone games and sending messages，particularly at work.Other people also complain they are disturbed when phones ring in workplaces.On the other hand，it can lead to health problems.For instance，using a mobile phone on the sofa for long can cause back and neck pain.（影响）
As far as I am concerned，it is high time that we threw away the mobile phone and raised our heads up.Do cherish everything around us and appreciate the scenery ahead of us.What's more，we should do more exercise and take part in real-life activities.In a nutshell，only when we use the mobile phone reasonably can we realize the happiness of life.【高分句型二】（建议）
That's all.Thank you!（感谢）
【解析】高分句型一：They make use of the time when they are on the way to school or other places to play mobile games.
译文：他们利用去学校或其他地方的路上的时间玩手机游戏。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：In a nutshell，only when we use the mobile phone reasonably can we realize the happiness of life.
译文：简而言之，只有合理使用手机，我们才能体会到生活的幸福。
分析：这句话使用了only+when引导的时间状语从句，后面接部分倒装。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2023年四川省成都石室中学5月高考模拟（3）
英语
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Your Garden Escape
Even in the big city you can find oases（绿洲）of calm and beauty.From a royal palace to a classical garden，we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.
Horniman Gardens
Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.Visitors can enjoy the Sound Garden，Meadow Field，and even a Prehistoric Garden，which features a display of "living fossils."The gardens are very popular with families，and dogs can be let off their leads in the Meadow Field.
Chiswick Garden
As a classical garden landscape in London，it was here that the English Landscape Movement was born with William Kent's designs.Enjoy fresh bread，seasonal food，and natural wines in the award-winning cafe，while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape，spotted with impressive art and statues.
Buckingham Palace Garden
The 39-acre garden boasts more than 350 types of wildflowers，over 200 trees and a three-acre lake.The garden also provides a habitat for native birds rarely seen in London.A tour of the garden can be completed by having a cream tea in the cafe overlooking the Palace's famous grassland and lake.
Kew Garden
The Royal Botanic Garden at Kew is one of the world's most famous gardens and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Have a walk through the vast garden，spot local wildlife at the lake，or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson.Be sure to visit the Temperate House，which contains some of the rarest and most threatened plants.
1. What can visitors do in both Horniman Gardens and Chiswick Garden？ ______
A. Study living fossils. B. Taste delicious food.
C. Enjoy impressive art. D. Appreciate fine views.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to join in hands-on activities？ ______
A. Horniman Gardens. B. Chiswick Garden.
C. Buckingham Palace Garden. D. Kew Garden.
3. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To inform visitors of famous gardens.
B. To entertain interested garden visitors.
C. To stress the necessity of garden escape.
D. To show the benefits of touring gardens.
B
Penn Station Shoe Repair and Shoe Shine is a small shoeshining business in New York City.On a recent weekday，customers sat down at the shoeshine business and pulled out newspapers and phones to read while their shoes got shined.The shoeshiners cleaned the footwear and added an oily substance to protect the shoes' leather material.When it was finished，the customers paid eight dollars for the work.
Shoeshining has a long history in the United States，dating back hundreds of years.But today，due to the COVID-19 pandemic，more people work from home than in the past.And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes.Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.
Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia.He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine. "And here I am，you know，30 years later，doing the same thing.So，it's certainly something that's passed down over time，" he said.
At David Mesquita's Leather Spa，which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area，the repairs are the major part of its sales.But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don't have the service.
Before the pandemic，Leather Spa had four shoeshine chairs at its business inside New York's Grand Central Terminal.It employed six shoeshiners.Together，they would complete about 120 shines a day.Now，there are only three shoeshiners who do 40 or 50 shines a day at most.
"Traffic is slowly coming back in，though we're still not back 100 percent of what we were，" Mesquita said，adding that shoeshining isn't something that will ever fully go away. "People like to treat themselves，" he said， "whether it's once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks.It's just nice."
4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？ ______
A. The dark future of the shoeshining business.
B. Reasons for the change of people's lifestyle.
C. The rise and fall of the shoeshining business.
D. Causes of the decline of the shoeshining business.
5. What did little Rory Heenan do regularly？ ______
A. He shined his father's shoes personally.
B. He accompanied his father to work.
C. He recorded his shining his father's shoes.
D. He greeted his father at the train station.
6. According to the text，Leather Spa's shoeshining service ______ .
A. means a great deal to its overall business
B. can be enjoyed in most shoe repair businesses
C. is more profitable than its shoe repair business
D. does expand gradually during the pandemic
7. What's Mesquita's attitude towards the future of shoeshining？ ______
A. Mixed. B. Hopeless. C. Optimistic. D. Worried.
C
Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas.Tits （ ill雀） can be fashion followers，too，apparently.A latest study shows that，given the chance，they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour.
Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin were following up on a study published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams，an American naturalist.He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn （纱） out in his garden，almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests.But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season.This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.
Williams's work was，however，forgotten until they came across it while following up on a different study，published by a team at the University of Toulouse，suggesting fashion-following，too.Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment，but this time to collect some actual numbers.
The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue tits in a wood near the institute.Most birds in this wood carried tracking devices fitted to them after their capture in mist nets.That allowed the institute's researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by recording their arrival at food containers throughout the wood.Instead of food，these containers were loaded with wool of different colors.Interestingly，researchers soon found that most nests of blue tits included only the color of the wool first chosen by a nestbuilder.
Tits，then，do seem to be "on trend"，when it comes to nest-building materials.Why that should happen remains obscure.Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds，and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit.Williams's original work，though，suggests such initial choices are at random-a bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.
8. What can we learn from Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin contributed to William's work.
B. Early birds' color preference was copied by their fellows.
C. The yam was the most popular material to decorate local birds' nests.
D. The color of the yam favored by local birds was fixed throughout the year.
9. How did Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin improve William's experiment？ ______
A. They observed the blue tits.
B. They studied the habits of blue tits.
C. They adopted the data-collecting method.
D. They fitted tracking devices to food containers.
10. What does the underlined word "obscure" in Paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. Hidden. B. Evident. C. Complicated. D. Shallow.
11. What is the main idea of the text？ ______
A. Birds favor certain colors in decoration.
B. Young birds follow their elders in fashion.
C. Young birds are just as intelligent as people.
D. Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.
D
Rising sea levels and the potential impacts to huge coastal populations worldwide rank near the top of concerns when it comes to consequences of a worsening climate emergency.But a lesser-known danger poses an equal or arguably more urgent threat to millions around the world living at much higher altitudes：flooding from glacial lakes.
With average temperatures rising around the world in recent decades，a number of these lakes high above population centers in South America and Asia have become swollen and unstable as the reserves of snow and ice that feed them melt ever faster.
For the first time，an international team of researchers has quantified（量化） this threat.It reports that 15 million people are in the path of potential floods from these swollen bodies of water."Understanding which areas face the greatest danger from glacial flooding will allow for more targeted and effective risk management actions，which in turn will help minimize loss of life and damage to infrastructure（基础设施） downstream，"said Rachel Carr，head of physical geography at Newcastle University.
In 1941，a glacial lake outburst flood，or GLOF，from Lake Palcacocha killed thousands in the town of Huaraz below and largely inspired the beginning of research into the phenomenon.Dams and other infrastructure were put in place to relieve the threat from the lake in the 1970s，but its volume is now over 30 times greater，requiring new improvements to safely drain and release water pressure.
Lead researcher Caroline Taylor says the researchers also found that understanding the danger requires more than just counting lakes and measuring their volume."Instead，it is the number of people，their distance to a glacial lake and importantly，their ability to cope with a flood that determines the potential danger from a GLOF event."
In recent years，a warning system was set up at Lake Palcacocha that could give residents of Huaraz enough time to get out of the way of an incoming flood.Meanwhile，other threatened villages with no such alert system continue to rely on hope and luck.
12. Why does the author mention rising sea levels in the first paragraph？ ______
A. To make a comparison. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To provide an example. D. To support his argument.
13. What can we learn about GLOF from the passage？ ______
A. Effective risk management will rid people of the danger.
B. An international team first figured out the dangerous areas.
C. Threatened villagers without warning systems can easily get hurt.
D. A GLOF in the 1970s determined the start of study into the danger.
14. Which factor decides the potential danger according to Caroline Taylor？ ______
A. The number of the unstable lakes. B. The volume of the unstable lakes.
C. The ability to handle a flood. D. The degree of climate change.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text？ ______
A. Glacial Lakes：a Potential Danger.
B. GLOF：an Overlooked Threat.
C. Climate Change：the Cause of GLOF.
D. Warning Systems：a Solution to GLOF.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Why you're more creative in coffee shops
Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops.（1） ______ .Among them are Pablo Picasso，J.K.Rowling，Francois Voltaire and Bob Dylan.
A sweet spot of noise and crowds
Some of us stick in our earbuds as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting.But scientists have known for years that background noise can benefit our creative thinking.A study showed that a modest level of surrounding noise in a place like a cafe can actually promote your creative output.（2） ______ .Therefore，this can lead to more creative idea generation.
Air of informality
The typical coffee-shop user might be a lone worker struggling with a creative effort.However，experts say these cafe settings can also benefit work groups who are brainstorming.There is a formal air when gathering on digital meeting platforms.（3） ______ .All those audio and visual stimuli（刺激） help groups，too，compared to the meeting in a formal meeting room.
（ 4） ______
One thing that can make working from home or the office feel boring is the visual environment.Often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls all day long.In the coffee shops，people come and go.（5） ______ .The pleasant smells of coffee and food vary.While we tend not to take conscious notice of these micro-stimuli，and likely don't openly choose to work in this location because of them，these activities around us make our brains work a bit differently than at home.
A.Visual variety
B.The daylight changes
C.The birthplace of countless great works
D.Not all kinds of noisy surroundings are bad for your creativity
E.By contrast，there is an informal atmosphere when meeting up at a bar or cafe
F.Whatever their careers，they have tapped into their creativity working at a table in a cafe
G.If you're slightly distracted from the task at hand，it raises your abstract thinking ability
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
When I was eight，I wanted a toy and needed ＄10 to buy it.But，as usual，I was broke .I decided to ask my 11- year- old sister，Kathleen，for a loan.I went to her room，（1） ______ her for the cash.Laughing，she agreed to（2） ______ me the money，but added，"I will charge you 10 percent compound interest every（3） ______ until you pay me back."
"Compound interest-what's that？"I asked.
" Well，interest is what you call the（4） ______ money borrowers have to pay back on a loan，" she explained." Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the（5） ______ you take to pay back the loan.To repay the loan，you will need to give me ＄11 after one month.If you wait two months to pay me back，your（6） ______ will grow from ＄10 to ＄11.So I' ll be charging you interest on ＄11.Then I will add that interest to the ＄11 you already owe me，for a（7） ______ of ＄12.10.That's what you'll owe after two months."
" Sure.I get it，"I said.Though truthfully，I was getting（8） ______ .
With the money，I bought the toy.My birthday came a month later，and my mom gave me ＄10.（9） ______ ，that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted desperately，the purchase of which made me penniless.I（10） ______ paying my sister for a month.After another month，I（11） ______ about the loan.
Several months later，on Christmas morning，my sister and I each found a ＄20 bill in our stockings.I was just putting it into my（12） ______ when Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.
" Sorry，kiddo.That's mine.I'm（13） ______ the debt from you."
" Huh？" Then I remembered the loan." Hey!How can it be that much？I（14） ______ borrowed ＄10."
" True，" she said，" but interest has been compounding for eight months.Now you（15） ______ me ＄21.43."She paused，then added."You can pay me the ＄21.43."
I（16） ______ to believe that a ＄10 loan could more than double so quickly.Much to my（17） ______ ，my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up.
My head（18） ______ as I tried to keep track of Kathleen 's（19） ______ ，but this time，I got the basic idea of compound interest.I（20） ______ the hard way that borrowing money can be " double trouble " in no time.
21. A. blaming B. begging C. searching D. preparing
22. A. borrow B. hand C. lend D. pay
23. A. month B. year C. week D. day
24. A. little B. same C. enough D. extra
25. A. less B. longer C. more D. shorter
26. A. cash B. saving C. charge D. debt
27. A. total B. cost C. number D. bill
28. A. encouraged B. shocked C. confused D. satisfied
29. A. Joyfully B. Unfortunately C. Foolishly D. Gratefully
30. A. put off B. kept on C. set about D. gave up
31. A. cared B. disagreed C. worried D. forgot
32. A. account B. stocking C. pocket D. property
33. A. reducing B. collecting C. commanding D. counting
34. A. normally B. nearly C. only D. really
35. A. owe B. offer C. take D. make
36. A. decided B. refused C. pretended D. managed
37. A. relief B. regret C. delight D. annoyance
38. A. turned B. nodded C. stuck D. hurt
39. A. calculations B. excuses C. directions D. discoveries
40. A. explored B. explained C. learned D. questioned
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. A loyal Liverpool Football Club fan is always making sure to cheer on his beloved team whenever they play-and thanks （1） ______ a letter from his-loving older brother，the team was recently able to return the favor.
Ian，a Liverpool City native，（2） ______ hoped his hometown soccer team would do something special for his brother David，（3） ______ （write）a letter to the club about David's condition.Since David was starved of oxygen as an infant，he developed differently than other kids.Though David struggled （4） ______ （academic），his enduring loyalty to Liverpool FC never left him，and he is well-known in the community as being a great kid and a passionate fan.
David is a season ticket holder who （5） ______ （try）to go and see Liverpool play as many times as he can.He could never have expected that one of the （6） ______ （great）members of the team would go to see him while he was at work.
Liverpool FC defender Virgil Van Dijk，（7） ______ （consider）to be the best defender and one of the best players in the world，visited David's place of work to give him the surprise of a lifetime.（8） ______ trip to Liverpool FC's training ground to meet the team.
Not only that，Van Dijk presented David with （9） ______ （ ticket）for all the rest of the games to make sure they had his support from the stands for every one of the 25 （10） ______ （remain）games this season.
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father has just returned back home from Hubei.He stays there for half a year.For the first three month，he lived in Wuhan and picked fruit at a farm，which is a wonder place.Afterwards，he had to move to Yichang to finish other job.There he worked in elegant Sichuan restaurant.He loved it because it reminded him of his hometown.This job was hard，but there were some nice people work with him.He really had fun during this trip，and that surprised him most was that he got his communication skills improve greatly in the process.He hopes to go back there sometimes in the future.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假设你是学生李华，你班在英语课上举行了以"Say No to Phubbing"为题目的演讲，请写一篇100词左右的演讲稿。要点如下：
（1）现象；
（2）影响；
（3）建议。
词汇：低头族phubbers；低头族现象phubbing
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Horniman Gardens部分中的关键句Horniman Gardens cover 16 acres with breathtaking views of London.（霍尼曼花园占地16英亩，享有伦敦的壮丽景色。）和Chiswick Garden部分中的关键句Enjoy fresh bread，seasonal food，and natural wines in the award-winning cafe，while admiring the beauty of the naturalistic landscape ，spotted with impressive art and statues.（享受新鲜的面包，时令食品，和天然葡萄酒在屡获殊荣的咖啡馆，而欣赏自然主义的风景之美，发现令人印象深刻的艺术和雕像。）可知，游客可以在霍尼曼花园和奇斯威克花园欣赏美景。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Kew Garden部分中的关键句Have a walk through the vast garden，spot local wildlife at the lake，or get your hands dirty by trying a gardening lesson.（在广阔的花园中漫步，在湖边观赏当地的野生动物，或者尝试上一节园艺课，让自己的双手脏起来。）可知，如果游客想参加实践活动，他们应该去Kew Garden。故选D。
（3）写作意图题。由本文第一段中的关键句From a royal palace to a classical garden，we recommend great green spaces to escape the hustle and bustle of London.（从皇家宫殿到古典花园，我们推荐巨大的绿色空间来逃离伦敦的喧嚣。）可知，文章的目的是向游客介绍著名园林。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。主要向读者介绍了伦敦一些著名的公园景点。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
4~7.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据文章第二段Shoeshining has along history in the United States，dating back hundreds of years.But today，due to the COVID-19 pandemic，more people work from home than in the past.And it has become popular to wear more casual work clothes.Those mean fewer customers for shoeshining businesses.（擦鞋在美国有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到几百年前。但如今，由于COVID-19疫情，比过去更多的人在家工作。穿休闲装也变得越来越流行。这意味着擦鞋业务的客户减少了。）可知，虽然擦鞋业在美国有着悠久的历史，但如今因为疫情，擦鞋的客户减少了。由此推断，本段主要讲述了擦鞋业如今衰落的原因。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Rory Heenan is a 38-year-old accountant from Philadelphia.He said as a young boy he would take the train with his father to his office one Friday each month and watch him get a shoeshine.（Rory Heenan是一名来自费城的38岁会计师。他说，当他还是个小男孩的时候，每个月的一个星期五，他都会和父亲一起乘火车去他的办公室，看着他擦鞋。）可知，Rory Heenan经常陪他爸爸一起去工作。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段At David Mesquita's Leather Spa，which operates five shoe repair and shine businesses in the area，the repairs are the major part of its sales.But shoeshines are still an important offering to bring people in as most shoe repair businesses don't have the service.（David Mesquita的Leather Spa在该地区经营着五家修鞋和擦鞋业务，修鞋是其销售的主要部分。但擦鞋仍然是吸引顾客的一项重要服务，因为大多数鞋店都没有这项服务。）可知，擦鞋业务是LeatherSpa业务中非常重要的服务，所以擦鞋业务对其整体业务意义重大。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段"Traffic is slowly coming back in，though we're still not back 100 percent of what we were，"Mesquita said，adding that shoeshining isn't something that will ever fully go away. "People like to treat themselves，" he said， "whether it's once a week or twice a week or once every two weeks.It's just nice."（Mesquita说："客流量正在慢慢恢复，尽管我们还没有恢复到以前的100%。"他补充说，擦鞋工作永远不会完全消失。"人们喜欢犒劳自己，"他说，"无论是一周一次、一周两次还是每两周一次。都是不错的。"）可知，Mesquita对擦鞋业的未来还是抱有乐观的态度。A.Mixed.混合的；B.Hopeless.没有希望的；C.Optimistic.乐观的；D.Worried.担心的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在美国擦鞋拥有悠久的历史，由于疫情原因，擦鞋业也受到了影响。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二自然段He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn （纱） out in his garden，almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests.But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season.This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others. （他注意到，当他把各种颜色的纱线球放在花园里时，几乎总是有一种，而且只有一种因为被放进当地的鸟巢而在那个季节流行起来。但哪种颜色受到青睐因季节而异。这表明，其中一只早期鸟类选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并模仿了。）可知，最开始的鸟类的颜色偏好被它们的同伴模仿了。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三自然段Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment，but this time to collect some actual numbers. （因此，Wild博士和Aplin博士开始重新进行Williams的实验，但这次是为了收集一些实际数字。）可知，Wild博士和Aplin博士采用了数据收集的方法来改进Williams的实验。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第五自然段Dr.Wild and Dr.Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds，and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. （Wild博士和Aplin博士怀疑时尚界的领导者都是年纪较大的鸟，进化倾向于年轻人模仿他们的长辈，因为这些长辈显然在命运的洗礼中幸存了下来。）中的suspect可推知，为什么会发生这种情况还不清楚。obscure意为"不清楚的；隐蔽的"。A.Hidden.隐蔽的；B.Evident.显然的；C.Complicated.复杂的；D.Shallow.肤浅的。故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一自然段Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas.Tits （ ill雀） can be fashion followers，too，apparently.A latest study shows that，given the chance，they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour. （人类并不是动物王国中唯一的时尚达人。显然，山雀也可以成为时尚追随者。一项最新研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴。）可知，本文主要讲的是鸟类像人类一样追随潮流。D项"Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people. （鸟类和人一样具有时尚意识）"最能概括本文大意。A．Birds favor certain colors in decoration.鸟类喜欢装饰中的某些颜色；B．Young birds follow their elders in fashion.年轻的鸟儿在时尚上追随他们的长辈；C．Young birds are just as intelligent as people.小鸟和人一样聪明；D．Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.鸟类和人类一样有时尚意识。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。人类并不是动物界唯一的时尚达人。研究表明，山雀也像人类一样追随潮流，用流行色装点巢穴。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、D、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Rising sea levels and the potential impacts to huge coastal populations worldwide rank near the top of concerns when it comes to consequences of a worsening climate emergency.But a lesser-known danger poses an equal or arguably more urgent threat to millions around the world living at much higher altitudes：flooding from glacial lakes.（当谈到日益恶化的气候紧急情况的后果时，海平面上升和对全球大量沿海人口的潜在影响几乎是人们最关心的问题。但是，一个鲜为人知的危险对全球生活在高海拔地区的数百万人构成了同样或可以说更紧迫的威胁：冰川湖泊的洪水。）可知作者在第一段提到海平面上升是为了引出话题。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段In 1941，a glacial lake outburst flood，or GLOF，from Lake Palcacocha killed thousands in the town of Huaraz below and largely inspired the beginning of research into the phenomenon.Dams and other infrastructure were put in place to relieve the threat from the lake in the 1970s，but its volume is now over 30 times greater，requiring new improvements to safely drain and release water pressure.（1941年，来自帕尔卡科查湖（Lake Palcacocha）的冰川湖爆发洪水（GLOF）导致下面瓦拉斯镇（Huaraz）数千人死亡，这在很大程度上激发了对这一现象的研究。在20世纪70年代，为了缓解来自湖泊的威胁，大坝和其他基础设施已经到位，但现在它的体积超过了30倍，需要新的改进来安全排水和释放水压。）可知从文章中我们可以了解到20世纪70年代的一次全球大萧条决定了对这种危险的研究的开始。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Lead researcher Caroline Taylor says the researchers also found that understanding the danger requires more than just counting lakes and measuring their volume."Instead，it is the number of people，their distance to a glacial lake and importantly，their ability to cope with a flood that determines the potential danger from a GLOF event."（首席研究员卡罗琳•泰勒说，研究人员还发现，了解危险需要的不仅仅是计算湖泊数量和测量它们的体积。"相反，决定GLOF事件潜在危险的是人口数量，他们与冰川湖的距离，以及重要的是他们应对洪水的能力。"）可知卡洛琳•泰勒认为处理洪水的能力决定了潜在的危险。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文以及根据第一段Rising sea levels and the potential impacts to huge coastal populations worldwide rank near the top of concerns when it comes to consequences of a worsening climate emergency.But a lesser-known danger poses an equal or arguably more urgent threat to millions around the world living at much higher altitudes：flooding from glacial lakes.（当谈到日益恶化的气候紧急情况的后果时，海平面上升和对全球大量沿海人口的潜在影响几乎是人们最关心的问题。但是，一个鲜为人知的危险对全球生活在高海拔地区的数百万人构成了同样或可以说更紧迫的威胁：冰川湖泊的洪水。）可知本文主要讲述了随着全球气温不断上升，高海拔地区的冰川湖泊水位不断上涨，可能导致洪水灾害的威胁越来越大。这种威胁可能比海平面上升更加紧迫，因为全球有数百万人居住在这些高海拔地区。所以"B.GLOF：an Overlooked Threat."为最佳标题。故选B。
本文主要讲述了随着全球气温不断上升，高海拔地区的冰川湖泊水位不断上涨，可能导致洪水灾害的威胁越来越大。这种威胁可能比海平面上升更加紧迫，因为全球有数百万人居住在这些高海拔地区。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】F、G、E、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上文Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops.（历史上一些最成功的人都是在咖啡店里完成了他们最好的工作。）这里提及了people，下文Among them are Pablo Picasso，J.K.Rowling，Francois Voltaire and Bob Dylan.（其中包括巴勃罗•毕加索、J•K•罗琳、弗朗索瓦•伏尔泰和鲍勃•迪伦。）可知，这一段主要举例了多位不同职业的名人，有人称代词"them"指代他们也是喜欢在咖啡馆工作，选项F.Whatever their careers，they have tapped into their creativity working at a table in a cafe（无论他们的职业是什么，他们都会在咖啡馆的桌子旁发挥自己的创造力）中their career以及they与上下文对应，符合语境。故选F。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文A study showed that a modest level of surrounding noise in a place like a cafe can actually promote your creative output.（一项研究表明，在咖啡馆这样的地方，适度的周围噪音实际上可以促进你的创造性产出。）以及下文Therefore，this can lead to more creative idea generation.（因此，这样做会产生更多有创意的想法。）可知，本段小标题A sweet spot of noise and crowds（一个有噪音和人群的最佳地点）主要讨论多种不同声音对于人们工作时创造能力的影响，上文提及关键词noise，下文提及this指代在咖啡馆工作的行为，选项G.If you're slightly distracted from the task at hand，it raises your abstract thinking ability（如果你对手头的任务有点分心，这会提高你的抽象思维能力）G中distracted from the task（从任务中分心）可知，噪音使人分心，这指代噪音造成的影响，但是这样做反而促进创造力的产生，符合语境。故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文There is a formal air when gathering on digital meeting platforms.（在虚拟会议平台上聚会有一种正式的气氛。）与下文All those audio and visual stimuli（刺激） help groups，too，compared to the meeting in a formal meeting room.（与在会议室的正式会议相比，所有这些音频和视觉刺激也有助于团队协作。）可知，本段主要描述不正式的工作氛围，上文air与小标题中关键字对应，下文中All those audio and visual stimuli（所有这些音频和视觉刺激）指代咖啡馆的工作氛围，选项E.By contrast，there is an informal atmosphere when meeting up at a bar or cafe（相比之下，在酒吧或咖啡馆聚会时会有一种非正式的氛围）中meeting up at a bar or cafe（在酒吧或咖啡馆见面）与上下文对应，符合语境。故选E。
（4）标题判断题。本题需要选本段的小标题，而小标题是对全段落的高度概括，在本段中首句也是概括了段落主旨大意One thing that can make working from home or the office feel boring is the visual environment. （让在家或办公室工作感到无聊的原因之一是视觉环境。）其中关键词"visual（视觉的）"与A项"Visual variety（视觉变化）"对应。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls all day long.In the coffee shops，people come and go.（我们常常整天坐在同一把椅子上，看着同样的四面墙。在咖啡店里，人们来来往往。）可知此处表明人在变化，光线也在变。选项B.The daylight changes（日光变化）符合上下文语境。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了咖啡馆可以使人们工作时更有创造力，并且分别讲述其产生的原因和具体的影响。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】B、C、A、D、B、D、A、C、B、A、D、C、B、C、A、B、D、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.blaming责备；B.begging恳求；C.searching搜索，搜寻；D.preparing准备。句意：我去了她的房间，恳求姐姐借钱。根据上文I decided to ask my 11- year- old sister，Kathleen，for a loan.可知，我需要钱，去恳求姐姐借钱。故选B。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.borrow借进；B.hand递；C.lend借出；D.pay付钱。句意：她笑着同意借钱给我，但补充道："我会每月向你收取10%的利息，直到你还我为止。"根据下文I will charge you 10 percent compound interest 可知，姐姐同意借给我钱。故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.month月；B.year年；C.week周；D.day日。句意：她笑着同意借钱给我，但补充道："我会每月向你收取10%的利息，直到你还我为止。"由第三段中的"To repay the loan，you will need to give me ＄11 after one month"可知，姐姐答应借给我钱，但是要作者每个月付10%的利息。故选A。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.little不多的，小的；B.same同样的；C.enough足够的；D.extra额外的。句意：利息就是借款人必须偿还的额外贷款。根据上文interest is what you call可知，利息是借钱人在归还贷款时额外付的钱。故选D。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.less更少的；B.longer更长的；C.more更多的；D.shorter更短的。句意：复利意味着偿还贷款的时间越长，支付的利息就越大。根据下文the interest payments get bigger and bigger可知，归还贷款需要的时间越长，所需支付的利息就越多。故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.cash现金；B.saving积蓄；C.charge收费；D.debt债务。句意：如果你等两个月归还我的钱，那么，你的债务将从10美元增加到11美元。根据上文If you wait two months to pay me back可知，债务将从10美元增加到11美元。故选D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.total总数；B.cost花费，成本；C.number数目；D.bill账单。句意：因此，我将向你收取11美元的利息。然后，我将把这笔利息加到你已经欠我的11美元上，共计12.10美元。根据上文Then I will add that interest to the ＄11 you already owe me可知，如果作者两个月才归还姐姐的钱的话，那么，利滚利，最终作者要归还的总数为12.10美元。故选A。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.encouraged受到鼓励的；B.shocked震惊的；C.confused困惑的；D.satisfied满意的。句意：尽管说实话，我还是感到困惑。根据though可知，我告诉姐姐我明白了。但是，说实话，我很困惑。故选C。
（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.Joyfully快乐地；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Foolishly愚蠢短；D.Gratefully感激地。句意：不幸的是，这正是我买另一个我迫切想要的玩具所需要的金额，购买这个玩具让我身无分文。根据上文that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted desperately可知，我生日那天，妈妈给了我10美元，不幸地是，那笔钱恰恰就是我买另一个玩具所需要的钱。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put off推迟；B.kept on继续；C.set about开始；D.gave up放弃。句意：我推迟了一个月还我妹妹的钱。又过了一个多月，我就忘了贷款的事。根据下文After another month可知，我推迟了一个月还我妹妹的钱。故选A。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.cared在意；B.disagreed不同意；C.worried担心；D.forgot忘记。句意：我推迟了一个月还我妹妹的钱。又过了一个多月，我就忘了贷款的事。由下文中""Huh？" Then I remembered the loan"可知，又过了一个月，作者忘记了自己借的钱，到了圣诞节经姐姐提醒才想起来。故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.account账户；B.stocking长袜；C.pocket口袋；D.property所有物。句意：我刚把它放进口袋，凯萨琳就拍了拍我的肩膀。根据上文putting it into my可知，作者正要把20美元放到自己的口袋里，这时候姐姐拍了拍他的肩膀。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.reducing减少；B.collecting收集；C.commanding命令；D.counting数。句意：那是我的。我正在向你收债。根据下文the debt from you可知，姐姐告诉作者："我要收债了"。故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.normally正常地；B.nearly几乎；C.only仅仅；D.really的确，确实。句意：我仅仅借了10美元。根据上文How can it be that much？可知，作者经过姐姐提醒，记起了自己的债务。但是他认为自己没借那么多钱，他只借了10美元。故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.owe欠；B.offer（主动）提供；C.take带走；D.make制作。句意：你欠我21.43美元。根据下文You can pay me the ＄21.43.可知，姐姐告诉作者，过了八个月，作者欠她21.43美元。故选A。
（16）考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定；B.refused拒绝；C.pretended假装；D.managed设法做到。句意：我不相信10美元的贷款能这么快翻倍。根据下文a ＄10 loan could more than double so quickly可知，作者不相信10美元的借款会这么快就会加倍。故选B。
（17）考查名词及语境理解。A.relief缓解；B.regret后悔，遗憾；C.delight高兴；D.annoyance恼怒。句意：令我非常恼火的是，我姐姐拿到了她的铅笔和平板电脑，并向我展示了它们的确切组成。根据下文my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up可知，令作者感到生气的是，姐姐拿来铅笔和便签簿，向作者展示这个钱数是怎么来的。故选D。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.turned转动；B.nodded点头；C.stuck粘贴，粘；D.hurt疼痛。句意：当我试图记录Kathleen的计算时，我的头很疼，但这一次，我得到了复利的基本概念。当作者努力地想弄清楚姐姐的计算时，作者很头疼。故选D。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.calculations计算；B.excuses借口，理由；C.directions方向；D.discoveries发现。句意：当我试图记录Kathleen的计算时，我的头很疼，但这一次，我得到了复利的基本概念。由上面的"my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up"可知，姐姐给作者计算这个钱数是怎么来的。故选A。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.explored探索；B.explained解释；C.learned学会；D.questioned询问，质疑。句意：我艰难地学会了借钱很快就会成为"双重麻烦"。根据下文the hard way that borrowing money can be " double trouble " in no time.可知，作者通过这次经历学会了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者八岁时一次借钱的经历。本来作者只借了姐姐10美元，可是最终作者的债务累加到了21.43美元。经过这次经历，作者明白了借钱可能会给自己带来双重麻烦这个道理。
做完形填空时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时首先通读全文，结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关信息进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在全文的背景下，关注上下文基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
41.【答案】【小题1】to
【小题2】who
【小题3】wrote
【小题4】academically
【小题5】tries
【小题6】greatest
【小题7】considered
【小题8】a
【小题9】tickets
【小题10】remaining
【解析】（1）to．考查固定短语．句意：并且由于他亲爱的哥哥的来信，球队最近才得以回信．thanks to是固定短语"幸亏，由于"．故填：to．
（2）who．考查定语从句．句意：伊恩是利物浦的本地人，他希望家乡的足球队能为他哥哥大卫做些特别的事情，本句先行词是Ian，在非限制性定语从句中做主语．应该用who引导，故填：who．
（3）wrote．考查时态．句意：他给俱乐部写了一封关于大卫病情的信．本文的叙述是过去时，write的过去时是wrote，故填：wrote．
（4）academically．考查副词．句意：尽管大卫在学业上很吃力，但他对利物浦的忠诚从未离开过他，此处用副词修饰动词，academically是副词"学术地"．故填：academically．
（5）tries．考查主谓一致．句意：大卫是一个季票持有者，他想去看利物浦尽可能多的比赛．本句是定语从句的主谓一致，who指代的是大卫，谓语动词用单数形式，故填：tries．
（6）greatest．考查最高级．句意：他从来没想到队里最伟大的队员之一会在他工作的时候去看他．此处用最高级greatest．故填：greatest．
（7）considered．考查过去分词．句意：利物浦后卫维吉尔•范迪克，被认为是世界上最好的后卫和最好的球员之一，访问了大卫的工作地点，给了他一生的惊喜．Virgil Van Dijk与动词consider之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词在句中做定语．故填：considered．
（8）a．考查冠词．句意：前往利物浦训练场与球队会合的一次旅程，应该用不定冠词a，故填：a．
（9）tickets．考查名词．句意：范迪克还向大卫出示了所有剩余比赛的门票，ticket是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式．故填：tickets．
（10）remaining．考查形容词．句意：迪克还向大卫出示了所有剩余比赛的门票，以确保在本赛季剩下的25场比赛中，每一场都能得到看台的支持．remaining是形容词"保持不变的，剩余的"，故填：remaining．
本文写了利物浦后卫维吉尔•范迪克被认为是世界上最好的后卫和球员之一，亲自与球迷大卫见面的故事．
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．
42.【答案】My father has just returned back home from Hubei.He stays there for half a year.For the first three month，he lived in Wuhan and picked fruit at a farm，which is a wonder place.Afterwards，he had to move to Yichang to finish other job.There he worked in ∧ elegant Sichuan restaurant.He loved it because it reminded him of his hometown.This job was hard，but there were some nice people work with him.He really had fun during this trip，and that surprised him most was that he got his communication skills improve greatly in the process.He hopes to go back there sometimes in the future.
详解：
（1）考查动词用法。句意：我父亲刚从湖北回来。短语return home表示"回家"，不需要back。故删除back。
（2）考查时态。句意：他在那里待了半年。动作发生在过去，应用用一般过去时。故stays改为stayed。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：前三个月，他住在武汉，在一个农场摘水果，这是一个神奇的地方。month为可数名词，由three可知，此处应用复数。故month改为months。
（4）考查形容词。句意：前三个月，他住在武汉，在一个农场摘水果，这是一个神奇的地方。修饰名词place应用形容词wonderful。故wonder改为wonderful。
（5）考查代词。句意：后来，他不得不搬到宜昌去完成另一份工作。other后跟复数名词，此处job为单数，表示"另一"应用another。故other改为another。
（6）考查冠词。句意：在那里，他在一家雅致的四川餐馆工作。restaurant为可数名词，此处为泛指且elegant是以元音音素开头的单词。故in后添加an。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：这份工作很辛苦，但有一些很好的人和他一起工作。分析句子可知，work与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故work改为working。
（8）考查主语从句。句意：他在这次旅行中真的很开心，最让他惊讶的是他的沟通能力在这个过程中得到了很大的提高。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物用what。故that改为what。
（9）考查过去分词。句意：他在这次旅行中真的很开心，最让他惊讶的是他的沟通能力在这个过程中得到了很大的提高。此处improve与skills之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故improve改为improved。
（10）考查副词。句意：他希望在将来的某个时候再去那里。根据后文"in the future"可知，指将来的某个时候应用sometime。故sometimes改为sometime。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的父亲外出务工的经历。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Good morning，everyone!Nowadays，have you noticed that wherever we go，there are always people focusing their attention on their mobile phones？（开场白）
There is no denying that people who like the mobile phone are concerned about its attractive functions.Phubbers can't stop sending messages，surfing the Internet，listening to music and even taking photos.Moreover，these people have less time to relax themselves.They make use of the time when they are on the way to school or other places to play mobile games. 【高分句型一】（现象）
However，phubbing disturbs not only our study but also our life.On the one hand，phubbers waste lots of time playing cell phone games and sending messages，particularly at work.Other people also complain they are disturbed when phones ring in workplaces.On the other hand，it can lead to health problems.For instance，using a mobile phone on the sofa for long can cause back and neck pain.（影响）
As far as I am concerned，it is high time that we threw away the mobile phone and raised our heads up.Do cherish everything around us and appreciate the scenery ahead of us.What's more，we should do more exercise and take part in real-life activities.In a nutshell，only when we use the mobile phone reasonably can we realize the happiness of life.【高分句型二】（建议）
That's all.Thank you!（感谢）
【解析】高分句型一：They make use of the time when they are on the way to school or other places to play mobile games.
译文：他们利用去学校或其他地方的路上的时间玩手机游戏。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：In a nutshell，only when we use the mobile phone reasonably can we realize the happiness of life.
译文：简而言之，只有合理使用手机，我们才能体会到生活的幸福。
分析：这句话使用了only+when引导的时间状语从句，后面接部分倒装。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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