2023年高考仿真模拟押题卷高三英语试题（北京专用卷）

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2023 年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷
(北京专用卷)



本试卷共 11 页，共 100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，
选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Michael Evans was standing in line at the Treasurer’s Office last August, waiting to pay his taxes, when he heard a(n) ____ 1____ sound ahead of him. The elderly woman at the window was crying. He heard the cashier ____2____ the woman that her house was in foreclosure (丧失抵押品赎回权) and headed for auction (拍卖). He also heard the woman tell the cashier that her daughter had recently died. Evans, a businessman who had just buried his father, couldn’t ____3____ the idea of this woman losing her home right after losing her child. He
____4____ the window. “I don’t mean to butt in,” he said to the cashier, “but if you can get her house back, I’ll pay for her taxes.” The amount added up to $5,000.
The old woman was shocked. Her despair turned to ____5____. The cashier left for a moment to ____6____ that it was all right for Evans to pay it. Evans promised to go straight to the bank and come back with the money. But when he returned to the treasurer’s office, he asked someone else waiting in line to hand the $5,000 check to the cashier. Evans was trying to ____7____ quietly and, preferably, anonymously (匿名地).
“I didn’t want this attention,” he explained.
However, attention found him. It’s not every day that someone pays a stranger’s tax bill. As is reported, Evans often finds himself on the giving end of charitable situations, though for years he went unrecognized for it. As for paying the elderly woman’s taxes, Evans said he did it for ____8____ but to make sure the lady stayed in her own house.
A few weeks after the tax ____9____, Evans received the Spirit of Detroit

Award for his lifetime of _____ 10_____.
1 ．A ．exciting B ．frightening C ．appealing D ．disturbing
2 ．A ．ensure B ．talk C ．inform D ．state
3 ．A ．support B ．bear C ．leave D ．witness
4 ．A ．approached B ．passed C ．accessed D ．marched
5 ．A ．fright B ．sorrow C ．guilt D ．disbelief
6 ．A ．conduct B ．confirm C ．compensate D ．comprehend
7 ．A ．run away B ．slip away C ．pass away D ．put away
8 ．A ．nothing B ．anything C ．something D ．everything
9 ．A ．accident B ．coincidence C ．incident D ．event
10 ．A ．generosity B ．courage C ．optimism D ．modesty
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
A
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个
恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
An eight-year-old girl in Texas has designed a pop-up classroom to help poor children. Paisley Elliott came up with the idea after she heard that a school she had helped to build in Greece ____ 11____ (destroy) by fire. Elliott considers herself a person ____ 12____ tries to improve people’s lives and reduce suffering. Now, she ____ 13____ (raise) money to take her pop-up classroom to Uganda, in
Africa.
B
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个
恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A book ____ 14____ (name) Who Moved My Cheese has been a best seller (畅销书) all over the world. It ____ 15____ (teach) people how to face changes in their lives. Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teens. The book tells us that when facing a change in our lives, like a new school or new friends, don’t be afraid. Instead, use this change ____ 16____ (make) a better life. The book gives an example of a change at school.
C
阅读下列短文， 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个

恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Zhang Guimei has committed her life to improving girls’ education in a
remote, mountainous region in Yunnan Province by ____ 17____ (start) China’s first free high school for female students. Her story has moved millions of Chinese people and is now written into a newly ____ 18____
(publish) book—Brief History of the People’s Republic of China. It described her ____ 19____ a moral model who uses love and wisdom to help thousands of rural ____20____ (girl) realize their dreams.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Tourism in Botswana’s Okavango Delta generates revenue that directly funds conservation. Here are reasons why it’s so worth visiting and why it’s meaningful to support the effort to conserve this world wonder.
It’s birdwatchers’ paradise.
Some 450 species of wetland birds have been recorded in the Delta. Despite the diversity of species here, overall bird numbers in the Delta seem to change, which is what led the National Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project (NGOWP) to survey the river system that feeds it. The NGOWP discovered the threats to this system, including uncontrollable fire, commercial agriculture, and water diversion, which could impact bird numbers in the Delta.
You can spot big game.
Big cats walk through the Delta’s open plains, along with many of Africa’s other remarkable mammals. A local guide will be able to get you closer to predators like lions, leopards, and wild dogs. Viewing lions involves walking in single file as your guide spots and follows fresh paw prints. Okavango Eternal is working to create protected wildlife corridors along the rivers that feed the Delta so that animals can move safely and freely.
It’s a little break from the world.
In addition to the excitement of seeing incredible wildlife, there’s nothing

quite like the feeling offered by the quiet isolation at the heart ofthe Okavango Delta. A low-impact tourism model means that footfall through the Delta is carefully managed, making for a unique, highly tailored trip. There’re also tented camps all the way.
It’s rich in cultural heritage.
The local communities are descended from early San settlers, and many ancient cultures, such as the Bayei, still employ supreme hunter-gatherer skills to track animals and find useful plants, adding depth to the bush experience. Yet there are still many tourism opportunities.
21．What is the NGOWP concerned about for the Delta?
A．The lack offunds. B．The crowds oftourists.
C．The decrease in population. D．The threats to the river system.
22．Which ofthe following is not mentioned in the text?
A．Wetland birds. B．Wild wolves.
C．Camping spots. D．Local cultures.
23．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A news report. B．A textbook.
C．A magazine. D．An advertisement.
B
One morning in 2003, a 19-year-old Amy Purdy left for herjob as a nursery teacher, feeling healthy and ready for her day. Halfway through her morning, she started to feel achy and unwell. Once home, she had a fever and fell into a deep sleep that was impossible for her to shake.
After a short, tense ride to the nearest hospital, Purdy was given less than a two percent chance ofsurviving. Over the course ofthe 2.5口month treatment that followed, she lost kidney (肾) function and hearing in her left ear—then her spleen and, eventually, both ofher legs. What doctors thought was the flu ended up being a very deadly meningitis (脑膜炎) infection. Purdy’s life was changed forever.
It was when she was in bed for months that she started to think about that big life question: what was her story going to be? She began dreaming about snowboarding and visualized herselfcarving down a mountain ofpowder, feeling

the wind on her face.
This made her return to the sport as a double-amputee (截肢者). Being back on the board was rough at first—several times, her board and her prosthetic (假体 的) legs flew down the mountain without her. But Purdy had a strong will and set out to build her own prosthetics that would be purpose built for snowboarding. Purdy’s first home made snowboarding feet is on display in the Smithsonian now.
In 2005, after her 21st birthday—and the gift ofa new kidney from her father—Purdy decided to start Adaptive Action Sports. Purdy and her family organized a team ofsnowboarders and began pushing for their sport to be part of the 2014 Paralympic Games in Sochi, Russia. After being turned down several times, they were finally granted access to the Paralympic Games, appearing as para口snowboarding for the first time in history. Since then, her snowboarding team has brought home six medals and raised the visibility ofthe sport.
Since her illness took her legs 18 years ago, Purdy has managed to squeeze as much achievement andjoy out ofher life as possible. “Maybe instead oflooking at all our challenges and barriers as something negative or bad,”she proposes, “maybe we can look at them as little gifts that fire our imaginations.”
24．Amy Purdy eventually lost her legs because of________ .
A．a sudden accident
B．the serious infection
C．the sports training
D．the kidney failure
25．According to the passage, we can learn that________ .
A．Purdy’s father donated a kidney to her
B．Purdy’s formerjob was a snowboard athlete
C．Purdy made her snowboarding feet with her friends’help
D．Purdy’s team snowboarding succeeded when they applied for the first time
26．Which ofthe following words can best describe Amy Purdy?
A．Smart and mature.
B．Selfless and patient.
C．Determined and optimistic.
D．Creative and modest.

C
Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.
Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.
Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds
water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate.
On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.
It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to discriminate between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.
Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.
“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens,

Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative (推测的) for now, she says.
27 ．The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that_______.
A ．tobacco plants make louder sounds than tomato plants when hurt
B ．water-hungry tomato plants are more sensible than tobacco plants
C ．unstressed plants produced sounds of laughter when being watered
D ．plants respond to the sounds the plants make and protect themselves
28 ．What is Anne Visscher’s attitude towards the finding of the experiment?
A ．Appreciative B ．Doubtful
C ．Cautious D ．Optimistic
29 ．It can be learnt from the research that ________.
A ．greenhouse effects can be avoided
B ．soil condition can be adjusted in time.
C ．plant condition can be diagnosed faster.
D ．insects can be detected and removed easily.
30 ．What is the best title for the article?
A ．Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B ．Plants Scream in Presence of Stress
C ．Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away
D ．Sounds of Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
D
The car has reshaped our cities. It seems to offer autonomy for everyone. There is something almost delightful in the separation from reality of advertisements showing mass-produced cars marketed as symbols of individuality and of freedom when most of their lives will be spent making short journeys on choked roads.
Despite top speeds and cornering ability advertised, the most useful gadgets on a modern car are those which work when you’re going very slowly: parking

sensors, sound systems, and navigation apps which will show a way around upcoming traffic jams. These apps know where almost all the users are, and how fast they are moving almost all the time, they can spot traffic congestion (堵塞) very quickly and suggest ways round it.
The problem comes when everyone is using a navigation app which tells them to avoid everyone else using the same gadget. Traffic jams often appear where no one has enough information to avoid them. When a lucky few have access to the knowledge, they will benefit greatly. But when everyone has perfect information, traffic jams simply spread onto the side roads that seem to offer a way round them.
This new congestion teaches us two things. The first is that the promises of technology will never be realised as fully as we hope. They will be limited by their unforeseen and unintended consequences. Sitting in a more comfortable car in a different traffic jam is pleasant but hardly the liberation that once seemed to be promised. The second is that self-organisation will not get us where we want to go. The efforts of millions of drivers to get ahead do not miraculously produce a situation in which everyone does better than before, but one in which almost everyone does rather worse. Central control and collective organization can produce smoother and fairer outcomes, though even that much is never guaranteed.
Similar limits can be foreseen for the much greater advances promised by self-driving cars. One autonomously operated car by the taxi company Uber struck and killed a woman pushing her bicycle across a wide road in Arizona. Experts have said that it suggests a “catastrophic failure” of technology.
Increasingly, even the top tech-company has to acknowledge the costs of intoxicating (令人陶醉的) hurry that characterizes its culture. What traffic teaches us is that reckless and uncontrolled change is as likely to harm us as it is to benefit us, and that thoughtful regulation is necessary for a better future.
31 ．What can we infer about the car advertisements?
A ．They present a false picture of the cars.
B ．They emphasize the mass production of cars.
C ．They portray drivers enjoying speed on the road.

D ．They pursue individuality and freedom in design.
32 ．What can we know about the various gadgets on cars?
A ．They are constantly upgraded.
B ．All of them are used effectively.
C ．Only some can be used frequently.
D ．They can help to relieve traffic jams.
33 ．What does the author say about the use of the navigation app?
A ．It benefits those who are learning to drive.
B ．It is likely to create traffic jams in other places.
C ．It helps a great deal in easing traffic congestion.
D ．It sharply reduces the occurrence of traffic accidents.
34 ．What do we learn about technology from the passage?
A ．It seldom delivers all the benefits as promised.
B ．Its consequences are usually difficult to assess.
C ．Its benefits are guaranteed by collective wisdom.
D ．It depends on the required knowledge for application.
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People often discuss the dangers of too much stress, but lately a very different view of stress is gaining popularity. ____35____ The positive stress movement is made up of people such as Zachary Rapp who are looking for an edge in a competitive world. He wakes up at dawn, goes for a run, sips black coffee while ripping through emails, and then steps into a freezing cold shower. This is a routine designed to reduce the stress of running three different companies for 18 hours a day.
Although Rapp’s practices may sound extreme, he is one of a group of followers of a growing movement. ____36____ Inspired by influential figures in different fields, including entertainers, athletes, entrepreneurs and scientists, positive stress practitioners seek out some combination of extreme temperatures, restrictive diets, punishing exercise routines and general discomfort.
Rapp argues that positive stress keeps him balanced. In addition to running

and freezing showers, Rapp uses ice baths, hot yoga, and unconventional eating practices such as eliminating dairy, sugar, and various other foods high in carbohydrates. He believes that these practices, which put stress on his body, actually make him feel less stress from work. ____37____ It was he himself that started using these methods in college, where he got into the habit of taking ice baths to recover from sports. He got back into it while trying to get his three companies off the ground.
Rapp works long hours and sleeps only five to seven hours a night but he said he only gets sick once a year. ____38____
One thought leader in the positive stress world is Dutch extreme athlete Wim Hof, who earned the name “ice man” for his ability to withstand severe cold using deep breathing exercises. Hof’s ideas have become popular among tech industry elites and, thanks to Hof, cold showers are now a trend. Indeed, some even call it a form of therapy.
____39____ Some medical professionals argue that positive stress is not for everyone, and that it might even be dangerous for people who are unhealthy or older.
A ．Rapp’s routine is a good example of followers of the movement.
B ．This view of stress argues that stress might actually be beneficial.
C ．However, Rapp does not credit anyone in particular for his choices.
D ．But he thinks too much stress is harming his physical and mental health.
E ．But it is important to note that not everyone agrees with these practitioners.
F．For him, positive stress involves pushing the body to extremes and forcing it to build up a tolerance.
G ．It consists largely of tech industry workers who claim that such radical tactics will help them live better and longer.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分)
第一节(共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
LEGO Works to Make Bricks from Recycled Plastic The LEGO Group has been working on a way to make LEGO bricks out of

recycled plastic. The bricks aren’t ready yet, but the company says it’s making progress. Making bricks from recycled materials could cut pollution from the company’s bricks by 70%.
Many people are familiar with LEGOs. Developed in Denmark, the plastic building toys have been around since the 1950s. The toys click together firmly, allowing users to build things that don’t fall apart easily. The company calls this ability to hold tightly “clutch power” .
Since roughly 1960, LEGO bricks have been made from a kind of plastic called ABS. ABS plastic makes LEGO bricks very tough, and gives them great clutch power, over and over again.
Sadly, ABS plastic can’t really be recycled, and it takes a very long time to break down. That’s a big problem. The world is struggling with a huge plastic waste problem. And LEGO makes about 110 billion bricks every year.
But since 2015, LEGO has been making an effort to make their products more earth-friendly. Three years ago, the company began making some LEGO parts, like trees, out of a plastic made from sugar cane. Recently, LEGO started using paper bags instead of plastic to reduce packaging.
But making bricks out of recycled plastic is a big challenge. The goal is to make bricks out of PET plastic, which is softer than ABS plastic and can be found in things like bottles and clothing. A recycled one-liter plastic bottle could make about 102×4 LEGO bricks.
Over the past three years, the company has tested over 250 different ways of creating LEGO bricks from recycled plastic. A team of more than 150 people are working on the problem. Tim Brooks, who focuses on environmental responsibility at LEGO, says that experimenting and failing is “an important part of learning” .
Now, the company says they’ve found a way to make a good 2×4 brick from PET. One important step was finding a way of adding things to PET plastic to make it tougher and give it better clutch power like ABS.
“We know kids care about the environment,” said Mr. Brooks. “Even though it will be a while before they will be able to play with bricks made from recycled plastic, we want to let kids know we’re working on it.”

40 ．What is the benefit of making LEGO bricks from recycled materials for LEGO Company?
41 ．What is “clutch power”?
42 ．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
LEGO wants to make bricks out of PET plastic, because PET plastic is earth friendly and it gives LEGO bricks better clutch power than ABS.
43 ．As a student, how can we contribute to a green environment? (In about 40 words)
第二节(20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 得知由于疫情原因 你在居家学习， 对你表示关心， 想了解你居家的学习、生活及疫情防护情况， 请你给 Jim 回一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.感谢他的关心；
2.介绍你自己的情况；
3.建议他做好防护；
注意： 1.词数 100 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：疫情期间 epidemic period
Dear Jim,





_________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua