2022-2023学年福建省莆田市高三毕业班第四次教学质量检测英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省莆田市高三毕业班第四次教学质量检测英语试卷含答案，共29页。试卷主要包含了15， What is the等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 莆田市2023届高中毕业班第四次教学质量检测试卷
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束居，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.E9.15.
答案是C。
1.How will the woman probably go to the library?
A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By car.
2.What does the man think of Bill?
A. He's thoughtful. B. He's humorous. C. He's careless.
3.What's the girl doing?
A. Reading a newspaper. B. Writing a story. C. Watching the news.
4.How does the man like the suit?
A. It is too expensive. B. It is of low quality. C. It is too large for him.
5.Why is the man excited?
A. His mom bought him a car. B. His mom gave him the new car. C. His mom will give him the old car.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What's the relationship between the speakers?
A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. Shop assistant and customer.
7. Why does the man look different?
A. He has lost some weight. B. He's wearing a new coat. C, He's wearing glasses.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the. man doing?
A, Asking the woman for advice. B. Expressing His dissatisfaction. C. Trying to make an appointment.
9. What is the woman's advice to the man?
A. Keep relaxed. B. Ignore his problem. C. Work hard.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did Mr Sharp go to California for?
A. Visiting friends. B. Doing business. C. Traveling around.
11. What did Mr Sharp get for the woman?
A. A cellphone. B. A pair of headphones. C.A watch.
12. How will the woman learn to skateboard?
A. From the web. B. From a sports. club. C. From the man.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man?
A.A repairman. B.A student. C.A teacher.
14. Why might people be eating insects in the future?
A. They are nutritious. B. They are rich in fat. C. They are easy to catch.
15 What does the man say about work in the future?
A. People won't operate machines. B. There will be much fewer jobs. C. More taxi drivers will be needed.
16. What will the man do next?
A. Describe space in the future. B. Let other students ask questions. C. Finish the class by concluding.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What is the project intended or?
A. Helping students prepare for the real lifer
B. Showing students how to write applications.
C. Getting students to know of some good jobs.
18. Which of the following jobs for students is mentioned?
A. Computer teacher. B. Recycling officer. C. Writer assistant.
19. Who will help students to write the application letters?
A. A teacher. B. The headmaster. C. A member of the committee.
20.What is the last step of the project?
A. Listing the suitable jobs. B. Collecting students' opinions. C. Reviewing the applications.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Activities for National Manufacturing Day
The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Careers Coalition (职业联盟) offers students and families new STEM resources to explore the world of modern manufacturing. With over 4 million manufacturing roles predicted to be available in the next ten years, the new resources from the coalition connect today’s students to the manufacturing careers of tomorrow.
National Manufacturing Day occurs on annually the first Friday of October to motivate today’s students to become the next generation of innovators leading the manufacturing industry. In order to support this celebration, the coalition offers three different collections to all students, educators, and families on modern manufacturing that support learning wherever it takes place. The following resources ate available to all at no cost：
Manufacturing-focused Career Profiles
Explore the profiles of manufacturing professionals using the skills they learned at school to become the kind of problem solvers that make a difference. Make the connection from the classroom to careers and find out how all students can make it in manufacturing.
Hands-on Student Activities
From innovating food packaging to discovering the principles of accurate design to exploring water sustainability, at-home, hands-on learning activities help students take STEM skills from theory to practice.
Classroom Activities
Access the no-cost, standard classroom activities to support future career success for all students. Each, activity features important STEM skills and a step-by-step guide for promoting activities into classroom.
Virtual Interactive Field Trips
Each virtual experience features accompanying educator resources and student activities that make it easy for teachers to put these manufacturing events into the learning experiences they design and deliver daily.
All resources are available at no cost at stemcareerscoalition. org.
1. What is the purpose of the STEM Careers Coalition?
A. To count the vacant jobs in manufacturing. B. To guide students to work on manufacturing.
C. To report the current state of manufacturing. D. To offer students pre-job training in manufacturing.
2. Which activity will introduce manufacturing masters to students?
A. Classroom Activities. B. Hands-on Student Activities
C. Virtual Interactive Field Trips. D. Manufacturing-focused Career Profiles.
3. What do the activities have in common?
A. The activities are free of charge. B. All of the activities are virtual.
C. Only students practice in the activities. D. The activities are only experienced online.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)职业联盟为学生和家庭提供的一些制造业活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“National Manufacturing Day occurs on annually the first Friday of October to motivate today's students to become the next generation of innovators leading the manufacturing industry. In order to support this celebration, the coalition offers three different collections to all students, educators, and families on modern manufacturing that support learning wherever it takes place. (每年10月的第一个星期五是国家制造日，旨在激励今天的学生成为领导制造业的下一代创新者。为了支持这一庆祝活动，该联盟为所有学生、教育工作者和家庭提供了三种不同的现代制造业系列，以支持学习。)”可知STEM职业联盟目的是引导学生从事制造业工作。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Manufacturing-focused Career Profiles中的“Explore the profiles of manufacturing professionals using the skills they learned at school to become the kind of problem solvers that make a difference. (探索制造业专业人士的概况，利用他们在学校学到的技能，成为一种改变问题的问题解决者。)”可知Manufacturing-focused Career Profiles活动会向学生介绍制造大师，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The following resources ate available to all at no cost (所有人都可以免费获得以下资源)”可知这些活动都是免费的，故选A。
B
Wildlife photographer Sam Turley and his wife Vera found a two-week-old blesbok (南非白面大羚羊)—whom they named Meme—on her own. She was spotted wandering around on her own after her mother passed away.
The pair took Meme in and raised the animal themselves for seven months before releasing her back out into the wild. Neither of them had ever raised a blesbok before. So it required a huge amount of patience and compassion to keep her fit and healthy but it deserved the effort. Meme would follow Vera wherever she went and sometimes the couple would have a blesbok, a dog and a cat all walking together. In the right areas, the blesbok is a really common antelope to see and is therefore often overlooked and under-appreciated. It was a privilege to be let into the blesbok’s secret world and they learned more about the blesbok than they thought was ever possible.
After releasing Meme back out into the wild, the couple were convinced they would never see her again, until several months later when they were driving around a reserve and happened to come across a herd of blesboks.
Vera called out Meme’s name in the hope of finding Meme. Blesboks all look very similar to one another, which makes it very difficult to distinguish individuals. When Vera started to talk, the herd raised their heads and looked over. Vera continued to call Meme and as all the other blesboks lost interest, one individual held her gaze and ran straight up to her.
After rescuing the lonely animal, Sam and Vera found it extremely emotional to have to release her back out into the wild to fend for herself—even though they knew it was the right thing to do. But after having such a strong bond with an animal, it was really difficult to see her go. They had put so much time, effort and energy into raising her but to see her walking in a herd of blesboks made it all worthwhile.
4. What happened to Meme when she was spotted?
A. She became an orphan. B. She was lost in the forest.
C. She was hunted by a couple. D. She was abandoned by her mother.
5. What was Meme’s life with the couple like?
A. She was rare to be seen outside.
B. She was hard to be artificially fed.
C. She fitted in well with the whole family.
D. She was under-appreciated in the family.
6. Which word can best explain the underlined word “fend” in the last paragraph?
A. Look. B. Care.
C. Search. D. Hunt.
7. Which of the following can best describe the act of rescuing the blesbok?
A. Effortless. B. Unsatisfactory.
C. Rewarding. D. Heartbreaking.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。野生动物摄影师Sam和妻子Vera救了一只两周龄的南非白面大羚羊并为其取名Meme，七个月后把她成功放归野外，几个月后再次与她意外相遇。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Wildlife photographer Sam Turley and his wife Vera found a two-week-old blesbok (南非白面大羚羊)—whom they named Meme—on her own. She was spotted wandering around on her own after her mother passed away. (野生动物摄影师萨姆·特利和他的妻子维拉发现了一只两周大的南非白面大羚羊独自（呆着），他们给它取名为Meme。在她母亲去世后，有人看到她独自四处游荡。)”可知，野生动物摄影师Sam和他妻子Vera发现了一只南非白面大羚羊独自在周围游荡，她的母亲已经去世。所以Meme在被发现时成了孤儿。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Meme would follow Vera wherever she went and sometimes the couple would have a blesbok, a dog and a cat all walking together. (无论薇拉走到哪里，Meme都会跟着她，有时，这对夫妇会带着一只南非白面大羚羊、一只狗和一只猫一起散步。)”可知，Meme在这个家里很适应。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句推测题。根据划线词所在句“After rescuing the lonely animal, Sam and Vera found it extremely emotional to have to release her back out into the wild to fend for herself—even though they knew it was the right thing to do. (在拯救了这只孤独的动物之后，山姆和维拉发现，不得不把她放回野外让她自己fend，这让他们非常激动——尽管他们知道这是一件正确的事情。)”，及上下文可知，夫妇俩把一个两周龄的南非白面大羚羊救回并抚养长大，最终要放归大自然，目的是让它能自己照顾自己，此处fend意为“照看，照料”，与Care意思相近，故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“So it required a huge amount of patience and compassion to keep her fit and healthy but it deserved the effort. (所以这需要极大的耐心和同情心来保持她的健康，但这是值得的。)”，第二段最后一句“It was a privilege to be let into the blesbok’s secret world and they learned more about the blesbok than they thought was ever possible. (被允许进入南非白面大羚羊的秘密世界是一种特权，他们对南非白面大羚羊的了解比他们想象的要多。)”，以及最后一段最后一句“They had put so much time, effort and energy into raising her but to see her walking in a herd of blesboks made it all worthwhile. (他们花了那么多的时间、精力和精力来抚养她，但看到她在一群南非白面大羚羊中行走，这一切都值得了。)”可知，救下这只南非白面大羚羊以及之后的一切付出都是值得的，故选C项。
C
Some 20 percent of adults are procrastinators (拖延症患者). Everyone might put off a task or two, but long-term procrastinators do it at home, at school, at work and in their relationships.
For years, researchers have focused on the personalities of people who procrastinate. The results suggest procrastinators may be impulsive (冲动), worriers and have trouble regulating their emotions. But procrastinators are not lazy. They’re actually very busy doing other things than what they’re supposed to be doing. Though procrastinators may think they perform better under pressure, studies have reported the opposite. And when deadlines are uncertain, procrastinators tend to delay their work.
When people put off a tough task, they feel good-in the moment. Procrastinating is a way to avoid the negative emotions linked to the task. But the relief it provides is only temporary, and many seek out ways to stop procrastinating.
In fact, most research today suggests procrastination is a behavioral pattern, which means it’s something you can change, regardless of whether you’re impulsive. What works best is still under research. Some scientists have reported success with time management. But the evidence for that is all over the map. That’s because poor time management is a symptom not a cause of procrastination.
For some procrastinators, seemingly obvious tips can work. Researchers advise students to simply put down their smartphones. Silencing notifications or studying in the library rather than at home can regulate distractions and keep people on task. But that won’t be enough for many people. Stubborn procrastinators may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法). This type of therapy, which involves managing thoughts and emotions and trying to change behavior, seemed to be the most helpful. Still, not many studies have examined treatments, and there’s room for improvement.
8. What does procrastination mean to longtime procrastinators?
A. A personal advantage. B. A habitual behavior.
C. A working motivation. D. An excuse for laziness.
9. What do experts think of procrastinators?
A. They are inactive. B. They are efficient.
C. They are anxious. D. They are careful.
10. What causes people to procrastinate?
A. Their temporary relief from the stress.
B. Their imperfection in personalities.
C. Their poor time management at work.
D. Their high ability to deal with hard work.
11. What may be the best procrastination treatment according to the text?
A. Avoiding smartphones. B. Proper studying places.
C. Good time management. D. Cognitive behavioral therapy.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了拖延症的定义、原因以及疗法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Some 20 percent of adults are procrastinators (拖延症患者). Everyone might put off a task or two, but long-term procrastinators do it at home, at school, at work and in their relationships. (大约20%的成年人是拖延症患者。每个人都可能会推迟一两个任务，但长期拖延者会在家里、学校、工作和人际关系中拖延。)”可知，长期拖延症患者不只是在任务上拖延，而是生活中的方方面面都是如此，这说明拖延已经成为他们的一种习惯。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The results suggest procrastinators may be impulsive (冲动), worriers and have trouble regulating their emotions. But procrastinators are not lazy. They’re actually very busy doing other things than what they’re supposed to be doing. (研究结果表明，拖延者可能很冲动，是个发愁的人，难以控制自己的情绪。但是拖延者并不懒惰。他们实际上忙着做其他事情，而不是他们应该做的事情。)”可知，专家们认为拖延症患者冲动而且焦虑（anxious.），管理不好自己的情绪，干活不偷懒，但是却是瞎忙。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When people put off a tough task, they feel good-in the moment. Procrastinating is a way to avoid the negative emotions linked to the task. But the relief it provides is only temporary, and many seek out ways to stop procrastinating. (当人们推迟一项艰巨的任务时，他们在那一刻感觉很好。拖延是一种避免与任务相关的负面情绪的方法。但它提供的缓解只是暂时的，许多人都在寻找停止拖延的方法。)”可知，拖延会使人短暂地从压力中解脱出来，避免与任务相关的负面情绪，所以导致人们拖延。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“For some procrastinators, seemingly obvious tips can work. Researchers advise students to simply put down their smartphones. Silencing notifications or studying in the library rather than at home can regulate distractions and keep people on task. But that won’t be enough for many people. Stubborn procrastinators may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法). This type of therapy, which involves managing thoughts and emotions and trying to change behavior, seemed to be the most helpful. (对于一些拖延症患者来说，看似显而易见的建议是有效的。研究人员建议学生们放下智能手机。将通知静音或在图书馆学习，而不是在家里学习，可以控制干扰，让人们专注于工作。但这对很多人来说还不够。顽固的拖延症患者可能会从认知行为疗法中受益。这种类型的治疗，包括管理思想和情绪，并试图改变行为，似乎是最有帮助的。)”可知，相比于放下手机，选择适合的学习环境，包括了思想和情绪管理以及试图改变行为的认知行为疗法似乎是最有帮助的。故选D项。
D
From the moment we are born, we interact with the world through movement. We move our lips to smile or to talk. We extend our hand to touch. How does our brain remember this wide range of motions? How does it learn new ones? How does it make the calculations necessary for us to grab a glass of water, without dropping it, squashing it, or missing it?
Technion Professor Jackie Schiller from the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and her team examined the brain at a single-neuron (单神经元) level to shed light on this mystery. They found that calculation happens not just in the interaction between neurons, but within each individual neuron. It turns out that each of these cells is not a simple switch, but a complicated calculating machine.
This discovery, published recently in the Science, promises changes not only to our understanding of how the brain works, but better understanding of conditions ranging from Parkinson’s disease to autism. And if that isn’t enough, these same findings are expected to advance machine learning, providing inspiration for new architectures.
“We used to think of each neuron as a sort of whistle, which either rings, or doesn’t,” Prof. Schiller explains. “Instead, we are looking at a piano. Its keys can be struck at the same time, or in order, producing an infinity (无限) of different tunes.” This complex music playing in our brains is what enables us to learn and perform an infinity of different, complex and precise movements.
These same findings can also serve as an inspiration for the machine learning community. Deep neural networks, as their name suggests, attempt to create software that learns and functions somewhat similarly to a human brain. Although their advances constantly make the news, these networks are primitive compared to a living brain. A better understanding of how our brain actually works can help in designing more complex neural networks, enabling them to perform more complex tasks.
12. Why does the author raise the questions in paragraph 1?
A. To pursue answers. B. To raise his puzzles.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To share his interest
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The result of the research.
B. The function of a single neuron.
C. The way the research was conducted.
D. The aspects the discovery can be applied to.
14. What does Schiller stress in her explanation in paragraph 4?
A. The way that neurons work.
B. The music that neurons play.
C. The difficulties that researchers encounter.
D. The process where neurons produce memory.
15. What might be the best title for the text?
A. Individual Neuron Works like a Piano
B. Calculation Happens Between Neurons like a Machine
C. Complex Neural Networks in the Brain Enable People to Learn
D. The Mystery of Learning and Remembering Movement Has Been Uncovered
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。我们的大脑是如何记住每一个动作的呢？它如何学习新的知识？Jackie Schiller教授和她的团队在单神经元水平上检查了大脑，揭开了谜团。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“From the moment we are born, we interact with the world through movement. We move our lips to smile or to talk. We extend our hand to touch. How does our brain remember this wide range of motions? How does it learn new ones? How does it make the calculations necessary for us to grab a glass of water, without dropping it, squashing it, or missing it? (从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就通过运动与世界互动。我们动嘴唇是为了微笑或说话。我们伸出手去触摸。我们的大脑是如何记住如此广泛的动作的呢？它是如何学习新知识的？它是如何进行必要的计算，让我们抓起一杯水，而不掉到地上，压扁它，或者错过它？)”，第二段第一句“Technion Professor Jackie Schiller from the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and her team examined the brain at a single-neuron (单神经元) level to shed light on this mystery. (以色列理工学院鲁斯和布鲁斯·拉帕波特医学院的杰基·席勒教授和她的团队在单个神经元水平上检查了大脑，以揭示这个谜团)”可知，作者从我们日常生活中所做的动作开始，提出了几个问题，是为了引入话题——我们的大脑是如何记住如此广泛的动作的呢？故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“This discovery, published recently in the Science, promises changes not only to our understanding of how the brain works, but better understanding of conditions ranging from Parkinson’s disease to autism. And if that isn’t enough, these same findings are expected to advance machine learning, providing inspiration for new architectures. (最近发表在《科学》杂志上的这一发现，不仅有望改变我们对大脑工作方式的理解，还有望更好地理解从帕金森病到自闭症等各种疾病。如果这还不够，这些相同的发现有望推动机器学习，为新架构提供灵感)”可知，这一发现有助于我们对大脑工作方式的新的理解，还可帮助我们更好地理解各种疾病、推动机器学习，因此本段主要介绍了该发现可以应用的方面。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“‘We used to think of each neuron as a sort of whistle, which either rings, or doesn’t,’ Prof. Schiller explains. ‘Instead, we are looking at a piano. Its keys can be struck at the same time, or in order, producing an infinity (无限) of different tunes.’ (席勒教授解释说：‘我们过去把每个神经元看作一种哨子，要么响，要么不响。相反，我们看到的是一架钢琴。它的琴键可以同时敲击，也可以按顺序敲击，从而产生无限不同的曲调。’)”可知，Schiller推翻了以往的对神经元的工作原理的理解，而是把神经元比喻成一架钢琴，强调的是神经元的运作方式。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“How does our brain remember this wide range of motions? How does it learn new ones? (我们的大脑是如何记住如此广泛的动作的呢？它是如何学习新知识的？)”，第二段“Technion Professor Jackie Schiller from the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and her team examined the brain at a single-neuron (单神经元) level to shed light on this mystery. They found that calculation happens not just in the interaction between neurons, but within each individual neuron. It turns out that each of these cells is not a simple switch, but a complicated calculating machine.(以色列理工学院鲁斯和布鲁斯·拉帕波特医学院的杰基·席勒教授和她的团队在单个神经元水平上检查了大脑，以揭示这个谜团。他们发现，计算不仅发生在神经元之间的相互作用中，而且发生在每个单独的神经元内部。事实证明，这些细胞中的每一个都不是一个简单的开关，而是一个复杂的计算机器。)”可知，科学家揭开了人脑学习和记忆动作的奥秘，“The Mystery of Learning and Remembering Movement Has Been Uncovered (学习和记忆运动的奥秘已被揭开)”适合作本文标题。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done. ____16____ But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. It is because our life is complicated and tough. And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must ____17____. We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.
What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. ____18____ It is only for his undefeated perseverance that’ we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.
____19____ He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.
All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. ____20____ If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful nation in the near future.
A. Every action has its reaction.
B. It is a unique precondition to success in life.
C. In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
D. Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
E. Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance.
F. The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
G. He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. G 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过列举牛顿、哥伦布的经历，论述了在通向成功的路上坚持不懈的重要性。
【16题详解】
根据下文“But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. (但现实是，人的成功取决于他是否能成功地完成最艰巨的任务)”可知，此处说明人的成功在于完成最难的任务，F项“The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy. (第一次尝试容易完成的任务无疑是非常容易的)”与下文为转折关系，话题与tasks的难易有关，故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must. (要在这场艰苦的战斗中取得胜利，毅力和努力是必须的)”可知，此处说明了毅力和努力是人生成功的必要条件，B项“It is a unique precondition to success in life. (这是人生成功的唯一先决条件)”能够衔接上文，B项中的it指代上文中“毅力和努力”这一必要条件，上下文衔接连贯，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. (世界著名的科学家艾萨克·牛顿爵士经过12年的不懈努力所取得的成果被他的爱犬给毁了。但这丝毫不能使他气馁)”可知，尽管牛顿的12年努力的成果被他的爱犬给毁了，G项“He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.(通过多年的努力和坚持不懈，他能够再次做到这一点)”能够衔接上文，G项中的He指代上文的the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton，do it again与前文呼应，在又一次的多年努力和坚持下，他取得了成果，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever. (经过几个月艰苦的海上航行，他千辛万苦才到达目的地。他发现了从西班牙到美洲的道路，为世界提供了一条与美洲交流的新路线。他坚持不懈的这一成果将永远被世人所铭记)”可知，此处提到的人物是个航海家，E项“Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance. (哥伦布给我们留下了一个坚持不懈的冒险故事)”符合本段语境，下文中的He指代F项中的Columbus，下文阐述了哥伦布的冒险经历以及意义，上下文连贯顺畅，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. (历史上所有伟人的名字都是用坚韧不拔的毅力写成金字的)”可知，此处说明成就大事业的伟人都具备坚韧不拔的毅力，D项“Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us. (他们的成功将永远是我们的完美榜样)”能够衔接上文，D项中的Their指代上文中的All the great men，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For his entire life, Sergio Peralta dreamed about playing catch. When he was born, his right hand didn’t fully ____21____. Ever since he was a child, his classmates have asked about his hand, and some have even ____22____ him. Computer science teacher Jeff Wilkins noticed Peralta was the only student who ____23____ his mouse to the left side of his keyboard. He then saw Peralta didn’t have a right hand.
When Wilkins ____24____ Peralta and his mother about a prosthetic hand (假手), they expressed interest but knew building one could be ____25____ for a high school class. In early November, Wilkins ____26____ assigned three of his students to the project. “I didn’t want to get his ____27____ up. I’d rather under-promise and over-deliver than over-promise and under-deliver on something like this,” Wilkins said. The group did so while keeping their ____28____ a secret. They measured classmates’ hands to calculate Peralta’s ____29____ fit.
After working for about a week, the students used the school’s 3D printer to _____30_____ a model. Students said they _____31_____ Peralta wouldn’t like or use the hand, but as soon as he _____32_____ the model, he could bend his fingers. Then Wilkins threw him a yellow rubber ball again and again. Students yelled in _____33_____ when he finally caught the ball. Peralta said he only _____34_____ the prosthetic hand when he sleeps. “This just showed me a different way to _____35_____ the community,” said Jaramillo, a senior who involved in the class project.
21. A. raise B. develop C. change D. connect
22. A. convinced B. defeated C. teased D. admired
23. A. cycled B. reserved C. moved D. kicked
24. A. approached B. promised C. observed D. advertised
25. A. rewarding B. inspiring C. approving D. challenging
26. A. randomly B. deliberately C. temporarily D. secretly
27. A. fears B. hopes C. demands D. doubts
28. A. attention B. memories C. progress D. conflicts
29. A. typical B. ideal C. normal D. familiar
30. A. create B. select C. deliver D. save
31. A. remembered B. worried C. argued D. regretted
32. A. turned up B. searched for C. put on D. threw away
33. A. satisfaction B. excitement C. hesitation D. anxiety
34. A. removes B. returns C. researches D. replaces
35. A. fit B. move C. view D. help
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群学生使用3D打印技术帮助右手残疾的学生Peralta制作了假手，恢复了正常生活的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他出生的时候，他的右手还没有完全发育。A. raise举起；B. develop发育；C. change改变；D. connect连接。根据下文“He then saw Peralta didn’t have a right hand(然后他看到佩拉尔塔没有右手)”可知，Peralta右手残疾，由此推知他出生时右手没有完全发育，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从他小时候起，他的同学就一直问他的手，有些人甚至取笑他。A. convinced说服；B. defeated击败；C. teased取笑；D. admired羡慕。根据上文“Ever since he was a child, his classmates have asked about his hand”和even可知，Peralta右手残疾，同学一直问他，甚至取笑他，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：计算机科学老师杰夫·威尔金斯注意到Peralta是唯一一个把鼠标移到键盘左侧的学生。A. cycled循环；B. reserved预定；C. moved移动；D. kicked踢。根据下文“his mouse to the left side of his keyboard.”可知，鼠标通常都是在键盘的右侧，而Peralta没有右手，他只能把鼠标移动到键盘左侧，故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔金斯就假手一事与Peralta和他的母亲接洽时，他们表示有兴趣，但担心制作假手对高中班的学生来说可能很有挑战性。A. approached靠近；洽谈；B. promised承诺；C. observed观察；D. advertised宣传。根据下文“Peralta and his mother about a prosthetic hand(就假手一事与Peralta和他的母亲……)”可知，威尔金斯是找Peralta和他的母亲谈假手一事，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rewarding值得的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. approving赞成的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“In early November, Wilkins secretly assigned three of his students to the project(11月初，威尔金斯秘密指派他的三名学生参与该项目)”可知，威尔金斯让他的学生参与制作假手的项目，对于高中生来说，这么一个项目是有挑战性的，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：11月初，威尔金斯秘密指派他的三名学生参与该项目。A. randomly随机地；B. deliberately故意地；C. temporarily临时地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“The group did so while keeping their progress a secret(该小组这样做的同时对他们的进展保密)”可知，这项工作室秘密进行的，故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想让他抱太大希望。A. fears害怕；B. hopes希望；C. demands要求；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“I’d rather under-promise and over-deliver than over-promise and under-deliver on something like this(我宁愿承诺不足、兑现过度，也不愿承诺过度、兑现不足)”可知，威尔金斯担心承诺不足、兑现过度，不希望Peralta对此抱太大希望，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该小组这样做的同时对他们的进展保密。A. attention注意；B. memories记忆；C. progress进展；D. conflicts冲突。根据下文“They measured classmates’ hands to calculate Peralta’s ideal fit(他们测量了同学的手，计算出Peralta塔的理想配合度)”可知，他们通过测量同学的手的方式计算出Peralta的合适尺寸，可推理出他们对工作的进展情况保密，故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. typical典型的；B. ideal理想的；C. normal正常的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“They measured classmates’ hands to calculate”可知他们通过测量同学的手的方式，进行精确计算，目的是为了计算出Peralta的合适尺寸，故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在工作了大约一周后，学生们使用学校的3D打印机制作了一个模型。A. create制作；B. select选择；C. deliver递；送；D. save保存。根据上文“3D printer(3D打印机)”以及下文“a model(模型)”可推理出学生使用3D打印机制作模型，故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们说，他们担心Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手，但当他戴上模型，他可以弯曲手指。A. remembered记得；B. worried担心；C. argued争吵；D. regretted后悔。根据下文“Peralta wouldn’t like or use the hand(Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手)”可知，学生们担心Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手，故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. turned up出现；B. searched for寻找；C. put on戴上；D. threw away扔掉。根据下文“he could bend his fingers(他可以弯曲手指)”可推理出他戴上了模型，故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他终于接住球时，学生们兴奋地大叫起来。A. satisfaction满意；B. excitement兴奋；C. hesitation犹豫；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“when he finally caught the ball(当他终于接住球时)”可知，Peralta使用假手接住了球，说明他们成功了，于兴奋地大叫，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Peralta说，他只有在睡觉时才会摘下假手。A. removes脱下；摘下；B. returns返回；C. researches研究；D. replaces替换。根据下文“when he sleeps(当他在睡觉的时候)”可知，睡觉的时候不使用假手，需要摘下来，故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这向我展示了一种不同的方式来帮助社区，”参与课堂项目的高年级学生Jaramillo说。A. fit安装；B. move移动；C. view看；D. help帮助。根据下文“a senior who involved in the class project(参与课堂项目的高年级学生)”可知这名学生参与了项目，因此此处指用不同的方式来帮助社区，故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Greenpeace is not satisfied ____36____ the EU move, saying in statement that the 2032 deadline is too late ____37____ (limit) global warming below 1.5℃.
“Europe desperately needs to decarbonize transport, but ministers missed a ____38____ (gold) opportunity. It is now in ____39____ hands of national authorities to cut car usage, boost public transport, and make more livable cities and towns where more people can cycle or walk.” Greenpeace EU transport campaigner Lorelei Limousin said.
Greenpeace francized EU national governments for ____40____ (open) the door to further promote “expensive and inefficient synthetic (合成的) fuels that are harmful to the environment and the climate”.
The Czech Republic, which ____41____ (take) the rotating (轮流) six-month presidency of the Council of the EU from France last Friday, has listed energy sector ____42____ (transform) as a priority but said that it must be carried out in a socially and ____43____ (economic) sensitive manner so as not to ruin the living standards of EU citizens and the competitiveness of industry.
European Commission Executive Vice-President Fran’s Timmermans, ____44____ is in charge of the European Green Deal initiatives, applauded the agreement by EU environment ministers as setting EU on a path toward ____45____ (it) goals.
【答案】36. with
37. to limit
38. golden 39. the
40. opening
41. took 42. transformation
43. economically
44. who 45. its
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是绿色和平组织在一份声明中表示，要将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以下，2032年的最后期限为时已晚。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：绿色和平组织对欧盟的举动并不满意，他们在一份声明中表示，要将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以下，2032年的最后期限为时已晚。be satisfied with是固定短语，意为“对……满意”，因此空格处是介词with。故填with。
【37题详解】
考查不定式。句意：绿色和平组织对欧盟的举动并不满意，他们在一份声明中表示，要将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以下，2032年的最后期限为时已晚。根据语境可知，句子表示“绿色和平组织对欧盟的举动并不满意，他们在一份声明中表示，要将全球变暖控制在1.5℃以下，2032年的最后期限为时已晚”，“too+形容词+to do”意为“太……而不能……”，因此空格处是不定式to limit。故填to limit。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：欧洲迫切需要降低交通运输的碳排放，但部长们错过了一个黄金机会。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词opportunity，gold的形容词是golden，意为“黄金的”，故填golden。
【39题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：现在，减少汽车使用量、促进公共交通、建设更宜居的城镇，让更多的人可以骑自行车或步行，这些都掌握在国家当局的手中。in the hands of sb.是固定短语，意为“在某人手中”，因此空格处是定冠词the，故填the。
【40题详解】
考查动名词。句意：绿色和平组织对欧盟各国政府为进一步推广“对环境和气候有害的昂贵而低效的合成燃料”敞开了大门表示赞赏。for是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填opening。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：上周五从法国手中接任欧盟理事会六个月轮值主席国的捷克已将能源行业转型列为优先事项，但表示，转型必须以一种对社会和经济敏感的方式进行，以免破坏欧盟公民的生活水平和工业竞争力。由last Friday可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填took。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：上周五从法国手中接任欧盟理事会六个月轮值主席国的捷克已将能源行业转型列为优先事项，但表示，转型必须以一种对社会和经济敏感的方式进行，以免破坏欧盟公民的生活水平和工业竞争力。空格处用名词作宾语，此处表示“能源行业转型”，空格处意为“转型”，名词是transformation，是不可数名词，故填transformation。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：上周五从法国手中接任欧盟理事会六个月轮值主席国的捷克已将能源行业转型列为优先事项，但表示，转型必须以一种对社会和经济敏感的方式进行，以免破坏欧盟公民的生活水平和工业竞争力。sensitive是形容词，用副词修饰，economic的副词是economically，意为“在经济上”，故填economically。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：负责欧洲绿色协议倡议的欧盟委员会执行副主席蒂默曼斯对欧盟环境部长达成的协议表示赞赏，认为这使欧盟走上了实现其目标的道路。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词European Commission Executive Vice-President Fran’s Timmermans是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
【45题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：负责欧洲绿色协议倡议的欧盟委员会执行副主席蒂默曼斯对欧盟环境部长达成的协议表示赞赏，认为这使欧盟走上了实现其目标的道路。根据语境可知，此处表示“使欧盟走上了实现其目标的道路”，空格处意为“它的”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词goals。故填its。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，新西兰某高中校长Mr Smith将来你校参观并洽谈交换生项目，期间会出席你校举办的外语合唱节（Chorus Festival of Foreign Languages）。请你作为学生代表致欢迎词，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍此项活动；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ladies and Gentlemen,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ladies and Gentlemen,
I’m Li Hua. On behalf of students in our school, permit me to express warm welcome to our distinguished guest Mr Smith. As the old saying goes, “It is delighted to have friends from afar.”
As scheduled, our school will organize an activity named Chorus Festival of Foreign Languages on this Sunday afternoon in the school hall. The purpose of the program is to increase students’ interest in learning foreign languages. The program consists of two parts — chorus of foreign songs and personal talent display. Dear Mr Smith, you are welcome to participate in above activities.
Sincerely wish you to have a pleasant time with us and wish our exchange program a smooth start. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，新西兰某高中校长Mr Smith将来你校参观并洽谈交换生项目，期间会出席你校举办的外语合唱节（Chorus Festival of Foreign Languages）。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→in the name of
尊贵的：distinguished→honorable
由……组成：consist of→be made up of
参加：paricipate in→take part in
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：As scheduled our school will organize an activity named Chorus Festival of Foreign Languages on this Sunday afternoon in the school hall. The purpose of the program is to increase students’ interest in learning foreign languages.
拓展句：As scheduled, our school will organize an activity named Chorus Festival of Foreign Languages on this Sunday afternoon in the school hall, the purpose of which is to increase students’ interest in learning foreign languages.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the old saying goes, “It is delighted to have friends from afar.” (运用了比较状语从句和不定式作主语)
【高分句型2】The purpose of the program is to increase students’ interest in learning foreign languages. (运用了不定式作表语)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When we lost our beloved ones, we must feel heartbroken. However, we can do something to make the world remember them.
My little boy, Matthew, had recently lost his beloved grandma. He would often push hare may hand in tears, longing for his grandma to come back to the world. One day, he had an idea. He asked me if we could do something in honor of Grandma so the world could remember her. When I welcomed his lovely suggestion, he said we could create something special for the children at the hospital, since Grandma had always wanted to volunteer there. Although heart was so ready to give, her physical capacity was limited. She couldn’t drive or make the long walk over to the hospital and therefore had spent the majority of her days doing what she could for family and friends. So, we decided to fulfill Grandma’s last life wish.
Matthew and I teamed up and presented our kindness proposal to his preschool classmates. We energized them with the prospect of going shopping and purchasing small gifts (chocolates, flowers, and cards) which they could put into handcrafted holiday baskets which the kids themselves could make. It would be a basket which was wholly made by one child and solely for another. As the young faces happily agreed, we were off on executing our plan!
Matthew and I scouted out (搜索) the most child-friendly stores and distributed fliers (传单) at these locations so the store owners were aware of our plan and could bring their most cherished items for the preschoolers to purchase. Matthew's preschool peers selectively made their picks, and after we collected all of the items, we placed the chocolates, flowers, and got well cards into seven beautifully crafted baskets for the bedridden children at our local Children's Hospital. When Matthew and two of his other little mates came to the hospital to make their deliveries, they were greeted with a tour of the facilities before they entered into each hospital room to change a sick child into a smiling one.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Now, five years have passed, and the Matthew “hospital” tradition has continued.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Matthew’s school and the local church have contributed to the rise of gift baskets.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Now, five years have passed, and the Matthew “hospital” tradition has continued. We continue to make the baskets of sweetness and wellness for the children. The children together with us are continuously increasing, because as this event has become a permanent thing in our lives, so have these children too. In this spirit of expansion, we have seen this sense of community spread as the gift baskets now include not only items we purchase from stores, but also donated items from Matthew’s school and our church.
Matthew’s school and the local church have contributed to the rise of gift baskets. The number of gift baskets have risen from severely low to fifty. In addition to distributing the baskets to our local children’s hospital, we now work together to distribute them to other children’s hospitals that assist children who are suffering cancer. Seeing the children’s smiles makes us delighted and encouraged. My little Matthew finally has helped his beloved grandma achieve her dream. Her spirit of kindness will always live on in the hearts of these small children.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马修为了纪念去世的奶奶，想帮助奶奶完成生前在医院做志愿者的梦想，因此他选择做一些事情让全世界都能记住她，于是他们购买了鲜花和小礼物，将这些礼物送给了一些生病的孩子们，并让这个善举形成了属于他们的传统。
详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句“现在，五年过去了，马修‘医院’的传统仍在继续。”可知，该段可以描写马修一直都在坚持做这件善良的事情，以及在他坚持的过程中也带动了更多的人参与进来。
②由第二段首句“马修的学校和当地教堂促成了礼品篮的兴起。”可知，第二段可描写越来越多的人得到了马修的帮助，马修也完成了奶奶的梦想。
2.续写线索：五年的坚持让这个善良的想法不断传播——越来越多的人参与到这个活动中——礼品篮的数量也不断增加——孩子们收到礼品篮感到开心和鼓舞——奶奶的精神活在每个人的心里
3. 词汇拓展
行为类：
①继续：continue/go on
②扩散；传播：spread/distribute
③实现某事：achieve sth./make sth. come true
情绪类：
①开心的：delighted/pleased
②受到鼓舞的：encouraged/inspired
【点睛】【高分句型1】 In addition to distributing the baskets to our local children’s hospital, we now work together to distribute them to other children’s hospitals that assist children who are suffering cancer. (that和who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Seeing the children’s smiles makes us delighted and encouraged. (动名词作主语)
1~5 BCBAC 6~10ACCAB 11~15BCCAA 16~20 BABAB