2023年【暑假分层作业】八年级英语（人教版）-第20练含有for和since的现在完成时

这是一份2023年【暑假分层作业】八年级英语（人教版）-第20练含有for和since的现在完成时，共14页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，语法填空，完成句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年【暑假分层作业】八年级英语（人教版）-第20练 含有for和since的现在完成时
第20练 含有for和since的现在完成时

since和for是现在完成时当中常见的标志词。since“自从……”，for“持续了……”。since用来说明动作的开始时间，for用来说明动作延续的时间长度
考点1 since和for是现在完成时的重要标志
考点2 since和for的用法
（1）since的用法
since+过去的时间点。如：年、月、日、几点等
☞since 1990 自从1990年起
☞since 5 o’clock 自从五点起
since+ 时间段+ ago
☞since 3 months ago 自从三个月以前
since+ 一般过去时的从句
☞since you left home 自从你离开家以后
（2）since的一个固定句式“It is＋时间段＋since＋一般过去时的从句”。
It is five years since I came here. 我来这儿5年了。
（3）for的用法：for＋时间段
（4）在现在完成时当中，若对since和for引导的时间状语进行提问，都可以用how long来提问。
（5）since和for的句式转换：
since＋时间段＋ago＝for＋时间段
They haven't changed since twenty years ago.
＝They haven't changed for twenty years.
他们已经二十年没有改变了。
考点3 延续性动词、短暂性动词与since, for
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。短暂性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。
(1) 若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语)，则谓语只能使用延续性动词。
(2) 短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词
①直接换成延续性动词　
buy买→have有　borrow借→keep保留　put on穿上→wear穿着come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是
②转换成be＋名词
join the army参军→be a soldier当兵 join the Party 入党→be a Party member成为一名党员
go to school去上学→be a student成为一名学生
③转换成be＋形容词/副词
die死亡→be dead死了 finish结束→be over结束
begin开始→be on 在上映/已开始 leave离开→be away远离的
fall asleep入睡→be asleep睡着的 close关闭→be closed关着的
④转换成be＋介词短语
go to school去上学→be in school在上学
join the army参军→be in the army在军队中

一、单项选择
1．—Jenny, your new soft toy looks very beautiful.
—Oh, it is not new. I ________ it for three months.
A．have had B．have bought C．bought
2．Li Hua ________ the book for one week.
A．bought B．has bought C．kept D．has kept
3．I’ve worked as a teacher in this school ________ 10 years ________ 2011.
A．since; for B．for; since C．for; for D．since; since
4．My mother ________ a good example for me since I ________ a child.
A．was; was B．will be; is C．has been; was D．was; has been
5．—How long have you ________ the computer, Jack?
—For three month. My parents bought it for my 13th birthday.
A．borrowed B．bought C．caught D．had
6．—How many friends has Frank made ________ he came to the new school?
—At least ten, I think.
A．ever since B．as soon as C．while D．until
7．Zhao Lan ________ already ________ in this school for two years.
A．was; studying B．will; study C．has; studied
8．We have been friends ________.
A．last year B．one year ago
C．since we met last year D．when we met last year
9．We have been in China ________ three years. We like it.
A．in B．for C．since D．from
10．Our coach ________ our team for 6 years and we have won a lot of prizes.
A．trains B．is training C．will train D．has trained
11．The girl ________ lots of new friends since she came to our class.
A．makes B．has made C．made D．will make
12．—How are you today?
—Oh, I ________ as ill as I do now for a long time.
A．didn’t feel B．wasn’t feeling C．haven’t felt D．don’t feel
13．We ________ some places of interest since we ________ China.
A．visited；arrived B．have visited；arrived
C．have visited；reached D．visited；reached
14．The movie Hi, Mom________ the hearts of many people since it was shown in February.
A．wins B．won C．will win D．has won
15．—Could you ________ me this book please, Daniel?
—Sorry, but I ________ it for only half an hour. I haven't finished it.
A．lend; have had B．borrow; have bought C．borrow; have had D．lend; bought
16．—How long has Mr Gao________?
—For about 10 years.
A．worked in the school B．come to this city
C．left his hometown D．become your math teacher
17．Our maths teacher ________ in our school for 20 years and he ________ to teach here when he was 21 years old.
A．taught; begins B．has taught; have begun
C．taught; began D．has taught; began
18．I haven't heard from Mr. Smith ________ he moved to Shanghai.
A．since B．for C．in D．so
19．How time flies! Twenty years ________ since we________ .
A．have passed; got married B．have passed; have been married
C．has passed; got married D．has passed; have been married
20．My aunt is a worker. She _____ in this factory for 20 years.
A．works B．worked C．is working D．has worked

二、完形填空

The cold wind blew strongly outside. Amaya was warm in her house, 21 about an article she’d read at school. The article was about kids who helped out their communities, and she thought it would be really 22 to help her own town, Harvard.
The only problem was that she wasn’t sure 23 to help it. In the article, the kids had 24 food for people who needed food in their garden, but it was winter. She couldn’t start a garden. Amaya was deep in thought 25 her mom said it was time to go shopping.
As they drove along the road, Amaya saw a family walking on the sidewalk, wearing only 26 jackets. She thought how cold they must be! That gave her an idea! She 27 collect winter coats, hats and gloves for people who needed them.
She shared her idea with her mom, who thought it was great. But how would they 28 the idea to get plenty of winter clothing? Amaya decided to talk to her 29 , because then she could share her idea with her classmates at least.
Ms. Monroe agreed when Amaya talked about her idea. They decided to call the project Hats in Harvard. Then they wrote a letter to explain the project to his classmates. Ms. Monroe 30 said she could help Amaya talk to the headmaster about it, so they could get the whole school to join in it. They met with the headmaster during lunchtime. He was 31 about the idea, and said he would make sure copies of the 32 went home with all the students.
They collected enough winter clothing in only one week. Then they left the clothes around two parks, so families who needed clothes could get 33 there. Three days later, Amaya and her mom went 34 again. She saw the same family that had given her the idea for Hats in Harvard. 35 this time, the family looked nice and warm in some new coats, hats and gloves. Amaya felt warm in her heart, and was very glad she could help others.
21．A．hearing B．thinking C．complaining D．worrying
22．A．safe B．cool C．sad D．silly
23．A．how B．what C．why D．where
24．A．sold B．grown C．cooked D．bought
25．A．until B．when C．after D．before
26．A．heavy B．dirty C．thin D．nice
27．A．must B．could C．might D．should
28．A．catch B．miss C．avoid D．spread
29．A．classmate B．father C．headmaster D．teacher
30．A．still B．also C．even D．just
31．A．excited B．angry C．careful D．nervous
32．A．letter B．email C．note D．notice
33．A．it B．them C．her D．him
34．A．swimming B．fishing C．shopping D．skating
35．A．So B．But C．Or D．And


三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only visit 36 once or twice a year. Millions of Chinese leave the countryside 37 （search）for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He 38 （live）in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job 39 factory, he seldom visits his hometown. “I haven’t been back for three years. It’s a 40 （shame）," he says.
41 （develop）has been good in Hua Xing’s hometown since 2002, for example, new roads 42 （appear）. A new school was built last year. 43 , some things will never change in his hometown. The big old tree is still beside the playground. Children in his time 44 （usual）liked to play together under it. It was 45 a happy childhood.

四、完成句子
46．本来这儿许多年了。
Ben _____________ here for many years.
47．我离开家乡有一段时间了。
It has been some time _________________________________________.
48．自2010年以来，这本书已经被翻译成15种语言。
The book _______________________________________ since 2010.
49．自从沉迷于电脑游戏，Tom就落后于其他同学了。
Tom __________________________________ other classmates since he lost himself in computer games.
50．我爷爷一个月前搬到这里，他已经习惯了这里的生活。
My grandpa _________ living here since he moved here a month ago.

参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：——珍妮，你的新毛绒玩具看起来非常漂亮。——哦，它不是新的。我已经拥有它三个月了。
考查动词时态。haves拥有，had是have的过去式和过去分词，是延续性动词；buy买，bought是buy的过去式和过去分词，是瞬间性动词。根据“for three months”可知，此处用现在完成时，排除C项，延续性动词与时间段连用，故选A。
2．D
【详解】句意：李华已经借这本书一周了。
考查延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别。buy买，非延续性动词，其过去分词是bought；keep借，延续性动词，其过去分词是kept。根据时间状语“for one week”可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done，故排除A、C项；且动词应用延续性动词，故排除B项。故选D。
3．B
【详解】句意：自2011年以来，我在这所学校当了10年教师。
考查现在完成时的用法。“10 years”是一段时间，要用for，表示“延续了……”；“2011”是一个时间点，要用since，表示“自从2011年”。故选B。
4．C
【详解】句意：我的母亲自从我还是孩子的时候起就给我树立了好榜样。
考查动词的时态。根据“since”可知是时间状语从句，表达动作从过去开始，强调动作的延续。主句是现在完成时，动词用“has been”，从句是一般过去时，动词用“was”。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：——杰克，这台电脑你用了多久了？——三个月。这是我父母买给我的13岁生日礼物。
考查动词辨析。borrowed借，非延续性动词；bought买，非延续性动词；caught抓住，非延续性动词；had有，买，延续性动词。根据“How long have you”及“For three month”可知，空处应该用延续性动词，只有had符合。故选D。
6．A
【详解】句意：——自从弗兰克来到这所新学校，他交了多少朋友？——我想至少十个。
考查从属连词。ever since自从；as soon as一……就……；while当……时候，和……同时；until直到。根据前后句时态可知，主句为现在完成时，从句为一般过去时，则应用ever since连接。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：赵兰已经在这所学校学习两年了。
考查时态。由句中“already”和“for two years”可知，此句应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，其构成为“has/have+过去分词”，故选C。
8．C
【详解】句意：我们自从去年遇见就一直是朋友。
考查现在完成时。根据主句用了现在完成时，可知选项中只有和since引导的时间状语从句连用才符合语法，故选C。
9．B
【详解】句意：我们在中国待了三年了。我们喜欢它。
考查介词辨析。in+时间段，和一般将来时连用；for+时间段，和现在完成时连用；since后面接时间点；from从，根据空前的“We have been in China”是现在完成时可知，应该用介词for，故选B。
10．D
【详解】句意：我们的教练训练我们队6年了，我们赢得了很多奖项。
考查时态辨析。根据“for 6 years”可知用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选D。
11．B
【详解】句意：自从这个女孩来到我们班，她交了很多新朋友。
考查时态。根据时间状语从句“since she came to our class”可知，此处用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：——-你今天好吗？——哦，我很久没有像现在这样难受了。
考查时态。根据“for a long time”可知，与时间段连用，用现在完成时，故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：自从我们到达中国以来，我们参观了一些名胜古迹。
考查动词时态及动词辨析。since+一般过去时的句子，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，排除A和D选项。arrive是不及物动词，要用介词at或in一起连用；reach是及物动词，后可直接接宾语。此空后接宾语China，故选C。
14．D
【详解】句意：电影《你好，李焕英》自从二月上映以来就赢得了很多人的心。
考查动词时态。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选D。
15．A
【详解】句意：——Daniel，你能把这本书借给我吗？——抱歉，我才买了半个小时。我还没看完。
考查动词辨析及动词时态。lend借出；borrow借入。根据“Could you…me this book please”可知，此处表示把书借给我，lend sb sth“借某人某物”。“for+一段时间”要与现在完成时连用，结构为have/has done，故选A。
16．A
【详解】句意：——高老师已经在学校工作多久了？——大约有十年了。
考查现在完成时中延续性动词和非延续性动词。在现在完成时中，how long表达做什么事多久了的时候，后面一般跟延续性动词，而come、left以及become都是非延续性动词。故选A。
17．D
【详解】句意：我们数学老师在我们学校教了20年了，他21岁就开始在这儿教。
考查时态。根据“for 20 years”可知，从过去开始一直延续到现在，用现在完成时态，结构是have/has+过去分词，排除A和C；根据“when he was 21 years old”可知，一个具体的过去时间点，begin短暂性动词，所以用一般过去时态；故选D。
18．A
【详解】自从史密斯先生搬去上海，我就没有收到过他的来信了。
考查连词。since自从，连词；for介词，与一段时间连用；in在，介词；so所以，连词。空前空后是两个独立的句子，应用连词连接，排除C项；根据“I haven't heard from Mr. Smith”可知，现在完成时用常与“since+句子”连用，表示从过去某一时间点到现在为止。故选A。
19．C
【详解】时间概念（二十年）做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，自从……以来，since引导的从句用过去式。
20．D
【详解】句意：我姑姑是个工人。她在这家工厂已经工作了20年。
考查时态。选项A为一般现在时的单三形式；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在进行时；选项D为现在完成时。由for 20 years可知，此题应该用现在完成时。故选D。

21．B 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．B

【分析】本文讲述Amaya读到一篇文章后，自己也想帮助自己的小镇，在看到一家人之后，她决定募集冬季的大衣、帽子和手套给需要的人，她自己也因此感到很温暖。
21．句意：Amaya在家里暖洋洋的，想着她在学校读过的一篇文章。
hearing听；thinking认为；complaining抱怨；worrying担心。根据“Amaya was warm in her house, … about an article she’d read at school”可知，Amaya正在想着读过的文章，think about“考虑”，故选B。
22．句意：她觉得帮助自己的小镇Harvard会很酷。
safe安全的；cool酷的；sad难过的；silly愚蠢的。根据“help her own town”可知，帮助自己的小镇这事很酷，故选B。
23．句意：唯一的问题是她不知道该怎么做。
how怎样；what什么；why为什么；where何地。根据“she wasn’t sure … to help it”及下文“That gave her an idea”可知，不确定如何帮助，下文提到了想到了一个如何帮助的主意，故选A。
24．句意：在这篇文章中，孩子们在他们的花园里为那些需要食物的人种植了食物。
sold售卖；grown种植；cooked烹饪；bought买。根据“the kids had … food for people who needed food in their garden”可知，在花园里种植食物，故选B。
25．句意：当她妈妈说该去购物了，Amaya陷入了沉思。
until直到；when当……时；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“Amaya was deep in thought … her mom said it was time to go shopping”可知，当陷入沉思时，妈妈说去购物，故选B。
26．句意：当他们沿着道路行驶时，Amaya看到一家人只穿着薄夹克走在人行道上。
heavy严重的；dirty脏的；thin薄的；nice极好的。根据“She thought how cold they must be”可知，看着他们穿的很单薄，所以猜测他们一定很冷，故选C。
27．句意：她可以为需要的人收集冬天的大衣、帽子和手套。
must必须；could可以；might可能；should应该。根据“She… collect winter coats, hats and gloves for people who needed them”可知，可以通过收集冬天衣物这个方式来帮助小镇的人，故选B。
28．句意：但是他们如何传播获得大量冬季衣物的想法呢？
catch赶上；miss错过；avoid避免；spread传播。根据“the idea”可知，把这个想法传播出去，故选D。
29．句意：Amaya决定跟她的老师谈一谈。
classmate同学；father父亲；headmaster校长；teacher教师。根据“Ms. Monroe agreed when Amaya talked about her idea”及“she could help Amaya talk to the headmaster about it”可知，Amaya想把这个想法跟老师说一说，故选D。
30．句意：Monroe老师甚至说她可以帮助Amaya和校长谈谈这件事。
still仍然；also也；even甚至；just只是。Monroe不但把这个想法分享给了学生，甚至也想把这件事情和校长谈谈，故选C。
31．句意：他对这个想法很兴奋。
excited兴奋的；angry生气的；careful仔细的；nervous紧张的。根据“and said he would make sure copies of the…went home with all the students”可知，听到这个想法很兴奋，很感兴趣，故选A。
32．句意：他说他会确保所有的学生都能拿到信的复印件。
letter信；email邮件；note笔记；notice公告。根据“Then they wrote a letter to explain the project to his classmates”及“make sure copies of the…went home with all the students”可知，让学生都能拿到信的复印件，故选A。
33．句意：这样需要衣服的家庭就可以在那里得到它们。
it它；them它们；her她；him他。根据“Then they left the clothes around two parks”可知，此空指代前文提到的the clothes，复数形式，用代词them指代，故选B。
34．句意：三天后，Amaya和妈妈又去购物了。
swimming游泳；fishing钓鱼；shopping购物；skating滑冰。根据“her mom said it was time to go shopping”可知，又去购物了，故选C。
35．句意：但这一次，全家人穿着新外套、帽子和手套，看起来很暖和。
So因此；But但是；Or或者；And和。之前Amaya看到这一家人的时候穿的很单薄，而这次穿的很暖和，表转折，故选B。

36．it 37．to search 38．has lived 39．in 40．shame 41．Development 42．have appeared 43．However 44．usually 45．such

【分析】这篇短文介绍的是现在上百万的中国人离开了他们自己的家乡去城市里打工，家乡成了他们很久也回不去的地方。短文以华兴做例子，讲述了他对家乡的怀念。
36．句意：然而其他人只是一年去家乡拜访一、两次。
空前visit是动词，这个空是它的宾语，根据上文Some people still live in their hometown.可知，这个空指代的是“家乡”，故应填it。
37．句意：几百万中国人离开了农村去城市里找工作。
search搜索，搜寻，是一个动词。根据句子结构可知，这里表示“几百万中国人离开农村是为了……”，是目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to search。
38．句意：在过去的13年里，他一直住在温州。
live居住，是一个动词。根据句中的时间状语in the last 13 years可知，这句话应用现在完成时，其构成是have/has+过去分词。主语he是第三人称单数，故应填has lived。
39．句意：在工厂里做艰苦的工作，他很少拜访他的家乡。
根据句意和空后的factory可知，这里表示“在工厂里”，应填介词in。
40．句意：他说：“我已经三年没有回去了，真遗憾。”
shame是一个名词，意为“遗憾，耻辱”。空前有a修饰，故这里填单数shame。
41．句意：自从2002年，华兴的家乡发展就一直很好。
根据句子结构可知，该空是句子的主语，谓语动词是has been good，主语应该是单数的，故应填Development。
42．句意：例如，新的道路出现了。
appear出现，是一个动词。根据句中…have been good…可知，该句使用的是现在完成时，主语是new roads，复数形式，故这里填have appeared。
43．句意：然而，在他的家乡，一些事情是不会变的。
上文　　6　　（develop）have been good in Hua Xing’s hometown since 2002说到了华兴的家乡发展了。空后some things will never change in his hometown“有些事不会变”，前后为转折的关系，空后有逗号，故应填副词However。
44．句意：他那个时候的孩子们经常在树下面一起玩。
usual通常的，惯例的，是一个形容词。根据句子结构可知，该空修饰的是谓语动词likes to play together，应用副词，故填usually。
45．句意：那是如此快乐的童年。
空后是a happy childhood，是名词短语，结合句意可知，这里填such，意为“如此，这样”。
【点睛】这篇短文介绍了在城市里打工的华兴对家乡的想念。文章主题明确，内容贴近学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是语法填空，考查学生们英语知识的运用以及对文章大意的把握。考查方式有两种：一种是空后给出提示词，用该词的正确形式填空。这种方式以考查实词的用法为主，如名词单复数、动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词等等。另一种是没有提示词，学生们应根据文意填写适当的单词。这种形式以考查虚词的用法为主，如介词、代词、连词、副词等等。例如第2小题，search搜索，搜寻，是一个动词。根据句子结构可知，这里表示“几百万中国人离开农村是为了……”，是目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to search。再如第8小题，上文　　6　　（develop）have been good in Hua Xing’s hometown since 2002说到了华兴的家乡发展了。空后some things will never change in his hometown“有些事不会变”，前后为转折的关系，空后有逗号，故应填副词However。
46．has been
【详解】根据时间状语“for many years”可知，用现在完成时且谓语动词用延续性动词，“来”的延续性动词是be，主语为Ben，用“has+动词的过去分词”。故填has been。
47．since I left my hometown
【详解】根据句意可知，本句为since引导的时间状语从句，表示“从过去某一时间以来，一直持续到现在的动作”， 主句为现在完成时态，从句为过去时态。since连词，自从……以来；I代词，我，在句中作主语； left“离开”，leave的过去式； my hometown“我家乡”。故填since I left my hometown。
48．has been translated into 15 languages
【详解】由语境可知，句子为现在完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：have/has been done；翻译成：translate… into…，translate的过去分词是translated；15种语言：15 languages。主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has been translated into 15 languages。
49．has been behind others since
【详解】句意：自从沉迷于电脑游戏，Tom就落后于其他同学了。since自从，引导时间状语从句，与现在完成时连用，其构成has/have + done sth.，主语Tom是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，因此用has；be behind落后；故填has been behind others since。
50．has been used to
【详解】根据题意可知填“习惯”，即be used to。since是现在完成时态的标志，结构为have/has done；主语为My grandpa，是第三人称单数，故填has been used to。