高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修第一册Grammar and usage导学案

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这是一份高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修第一册Grammar and usage导学案，共6页。

高二年级英语导学案（学生版）

年级	高二	时间		9.5	单元	Unit2	主备人	张伟
课型	新授课	课题		Grammar	课时	2	审核人	张伟
学习目标	1. identify the use of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects; 2. work out the rules of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects;
重点难点	重点		1. To distinguish and use the right form of verb-ing to complete tasks;
重点难点	难点		1. To apply verb-ing forms in new situations.
课前准备	Ask students to preview the exercise before class.
五步法导学过程	导学流程							学法指导
启导	Exploring the rules Point out what the verb-ing forms are used as in the following sentences. 1. Living in good relationships benefits health. 2. Looking on the bright side of life is good for you. 3. I love making preparations for the exams. 4. He is fond of playing the guitar. Answers: 1) _______________ (2) ___________________ (3) _______________ (4) ___________________
学习与展评	语法详解 1.动词-ing 形式作主语表示经常的, 习惯性的动作或状态,谓语动词通常用单数。 by train takes about 16 hours. 坐火车去杭州大约需要 16 个小时。 a woman's age is impolite in his country. 在他的国家，询问女士的年龄是不礼貌的 2.动词 -ing 形式直接置于句首主语的位置上 is easier than doing. 说比做容易。动词-ing形式作主语时常后置，此时须用it 作形式主语，用形容词或名词(短语)作表语 no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard/difficult job , a waste of time 等。 It's no use an excuse for this. 为这件事找借口是没有用的。 4.常见的形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless, useful 等。归纳:常用动词 -ing 形式作主语的句型有: It is/was a waste of time doing.. 做.....是浪费时间的。 It is/was no good/use doing.. 做.....是没好处/用的。 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing... 做.....是不值得的。 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing... 做......是值得的。 There is no doing.. 无法.....; 不允许.... It is worthwhile the question.这个问题值得讨论。 It's worth the effort. 做出努力是值得的。 It's a waste of time 玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的。 5.There be no... 结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于 It is impossible to do.... There is no sense in doing... 做.....没有道理。 There is/was no use good (in) doing... 做.....没用/好处。 There is/was nothing worse than doing...没有比......更糟的。 There is/was no point (in) doing... 做.....无意义。 There is/was no way doing.. 无法做.... 注意:There is no need to do... 做.....没必要。在此句式中 to do 不可换为 doing There is no need for him any longer. 没必要再等他了。 6.动词-ing形式作主语 VS 不定式(短语)作主语动词-ing形式作主语表示泛指的行为, 不定式(短语)作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾语时的情况也是如此。 with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。(泛指) Be careful! with fire is dangerous. 小心点,玩火是危险的。（指具体动作）动词-ing 形式作宾语 1.只能后接动词 -ing 形式作宾语的动词： avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, enjoy, deny ( 否定), delay(延期), escape(逃避), excuse, keep, finish, fancy (梦想), suggest, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk(冒险)等。口诀: 避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, delay) 建议完成多练习(advise, finish, practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine , can't help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind) People can't help at that foolish man. 人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。注：need, demand, want, require, 在表示“需要”时,用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义，或用不定式的被动形式。 Need/demand/want/require + doing =need/demand/want/require + to be done The car needs = The car needs 有一些动词短语也常跟动词-ing形式作宾语,如: insist on (坚持), object to (反对), be good at, lead to, leave off (停止), put off (推迟), give up, look forward to , feel like(想要), devote to (把......奉献给),get used to (习惯于), pay attention to, can't help (禁不住), can't stand (受不了)等。 2.既可接动词-ing形式又可接不定式(短语)作宾语的动词： begin, start, continue, like, dislike, love, prefer, mean , forget , remember , hate , regret 等。 (1)在 like, love, hate, prefer 等动词之后,用动词 -ing 形式或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同,动词-ing形式表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。 (2)在 begin, start, continue 之后,用动词 -ing 形式和不定式,意义无区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。 (3)在动词 forget, remember, regret 之后,用动词 -ing形式与不定式意义不同。动词 -ing形式表示动作已经发生;不定式表示动作还没发生。 I remember to post the letter. 我会记得去寄出这封信。 I remember posting the letter. 我记得这封信已经寄出去了。 3.try to do sth. 设法做某事 try doing sth. 试试做某事 mean to do sth. 打算/有意要做某事 mean doing sth.意思是/意味着做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 can't help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 go on doing sth.继续做一直在做的事 go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另一件事. He remembered being introduced to the girl at a party. 他记得在一次聚会上被介绍给了那个女孩 I don’t regret telling her what I thought。我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。 I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遣憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法 4.在 allow, permit, forbid, advise, consider 后直接跟动词 -ing 形式作宾语; 如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用动词不定式作宾语补足语。在 allow/permit/forbid/advise/consider+ His parents permitted him to join the army when he was seventeen. 在他17岁的时候。父母允许他去从军。
巩固	1.Scientists have responded by _________ ( note ) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlement. 2. A 90-year-old woman has been awarded The Year” for _________ (be) Austrian's oldest full-time employee still working 40 hours a week. 3. She just kept _________ ( whisper) “1 can't believe you're here!” 4. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _________ (die) early by cycling 5. I still remember _________( visit ) a Cantonese friend who'd lived here for five years. 6. ___________________(travel) along the old Silk Road is a pleasant and rewarding experience. 7. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _________ (consume). 8. My ambassadorial duties will include__ _________( introduce ) Austrian visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 9. In addition to their plain beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without_________ (use) electric equipment 10. One morning, the native was waiting at the bus stop, worried about_________ (be) late for the meeting 11. The boy kept_________( ride ) . He was carrying something sour over his shoulder and shouting.