北京市通州区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷+

这是一份北京市通州区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷+，共9页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，完形填空，阅读理解，阅读表达，文段表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市通州区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考试英    语2023年6月学校________________ 班级________________ 姓名________________考生须知1.本试卷共10页,共五道大题,38道小题,满分60分,考试时间90分钟。2.请在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。第一部分本部分共3题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. I know the old man. He is very kind and we all like________. A. them    B. her    C. it     D. him2. —Tom, what do you usually do ________ New Year’s Eve?—We usually do some shopping.A. to    B. at    C. in    D. on3. —Miss Wang,_________ I read the story book?—Yes, you can.A. must    B. can    C. need    D. should4. The play was very long. It didn’t end________ it was 9:30 in the evening.A. if    B. unless   C. until    D. because5. Grace is ________ than before. She can finish her homework very well.A. careful   B. more careful  C. most careful  D. the most careful6. The workers have already worked for two hours. They must be tired____ they need to take a break.A. so    B. for    C. but    D. or7.—Where did you buy the bag?—I ________ it in the new shopping center near my home.A. buy    B. bought   C. will buy   D. have bought8. —Susan, what are you doing?—Oh, I ________ to an English song.A. listen    B. listened   C. am listening  D. was listening9. If you study hard, you________ your goals in the future.A. achieve   B. achieved   C. will achieve  D. have achieved10. I________ Chinese in this school since I came to Beijing.A. study    B. studied   C. will study   D. have studied11. Professor Smith ________ to help the students solve the problems every term.A. is invited   B. was invited  C. invites   D. invited12. —Tony, can you tell me ________ last weekend?—Sure.A. what do you do online     B. what you do onlineC. what did you do online     D. what you did online二、完形填空(每题l分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。My Work Experience in a Nursing HomeA few weeks ago, I had my first work experience in a nursing home. I worked alongside the manager and helped her carry out different games and __13__ with the residents(居民,住户).When I arrived, my first work was to __14__ their names and faces, by going in and talking to some of the students. Although most of them did not communicate easily，it was obvious(明显的)which patients were beginning to show signs of dementia(痴呆).First on the list of activities was indoor boules(滚球). It was surprising how such a simple activity could show so clearly how the different afflictions(折磨,痛苦) that were so common in old age could affect a person’s ability to __15__ simple tasks, such as roll a ball as close as possible to another ball in the middle of the room. What __16__ me most was that the overall winner was a long-term stroke victim(中风患者), who was paralyzed(瘫痪的)down the left hand side of her body.I sat down with the winner and she told me about her grandchildren and the games they played with her when they came to visit. She also praised the home for the __17__ she was receiving. I noticed, as she was talking although she was paralyzed down one side, her __18__ was good, and the words she said indicated(表明,显示) that. She was recovering from a stroke, but her cognitive(认知的) ability was good.After finishing my work, I headed home. I was still thinking everything I had just experienced and how I might be asked to __19__ next week. I realize that the most helpful thing I can do for the benefit of the residents is just to__20 __ to them. Yes, I’m sure that staying there for a long time, they must become lonely.13. A. dreams  B. activities   C. experiments  D. plans14. A. learn   B. forget   C. choose   D. paint15. A. see   B. create   C. know    D. perform16. A. comforted  B. angered   C. surprised   D. helped17. A. bill   B. reply    C. letter    D. care18. A. speech  B. action   C. choice   D. decision19. A. help   B. study    C. share    D. bear20. A. read   B. talk    C. write    D. sing三、阅读理解（每题2分,共26分）(一)信息匹配。下面材料分别介绍了四种体育项目的特点,请根据21—23题中对Tim, Tony 和 Ben的描述,将其与喜欢的相应运动匹配,并将文中每个标题前的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。ADoing SportsThe following information give you some advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of sports activities. There are three boys in Smith’s family. They are Tim, Tony and Ben. They all like sports but they like doing different kinds of sports activities. Now please help them choose their favorite sports.21. Tim is a college student. He likes doing new or challenging activities that test his abilities and skills. But he doesn’t like driving. He probably likes ________ best.22. Tony is a middle school student. He likes playing sports with others and he wants to make more friends. He will like________. 23. Ben is a school boy. He likes running and has enough time to do sports every day. He can do________. (二)信息选择。阅读下面的二篇每文.根据每文内容.从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。BThe SolverKevin loves to read mystery books. He reads mystery books because he likes to try to solve the mystery himself before he gets to the end. Solving puzzles is like solving mysteries, so he likes working on puzzles too. He also likes solving problems. Kevin can usually solve any mystery, puzzle or problem.One day, Kevin’s mom was trying to find her glasses. Without her glasses, she could not drive. This was a problem because she was going to drive Kevin to his friend’s house. It was also a mystery and a puzzle. Kevin really wanted to solve this mystery.Kevin sat down with his mom.” Where do you last remember seeing your glasses?” he asked.”I had them on while I was watching the news this morning.” she said. “Where were you watching the news?” asked Kevin.His mom thought for a minute, and then she answered, “I was in the family room. I remembered sitting in my favorite chair and taking off my glasses when the news ended. I thought I placed my glasses on the table, but they weren’t there.”“Are you sure you didn’t put them on again after the morning news?” asked Kevin. “Maybe I did.” his mom replied.“Let’s walk through your day, mom.” said Kevin.Kevin had his mom describe everything she remembered doing during the day so far. She mentioned watching the news, making breakfast, working in her home office and then gardening. It was after gardening that she started looking for her glasses.After hearing about his mom’s day, Kevin retraced(重走) her path through the house and yard. He looked under the cushion(垫子)of her favorite chair, in the kitchen, in her office and around the garden. He didn’t find her glasses.Kevin didn’t give up easily though he looked in each place again and he looked even harder. It was on his second to go around of the kitchen that he thought to open the bin(储物箱)instead of just looking on the counter(柜台).Kevin solved the mystery, the puzzle and the problem. He found his mom’s glasses in the drawer. “Thank you, Kevin. I wouldn’t be able to see anything without you.” said his mom.24. Kevin likes________. A. solving mysteries     B. watching the newsC. making suggestions    D. working in the garden25. Where did Kevin help his mom find the glasses?A. Under the cushion of the chair.  B. In the drawer.C. In his mom’s office.    D. Around the garden.26. Kevin found the glasses________.A. with his friend’s helpB. with his mom’s encouragementC. by reading a lot of interesting mystery booksD. by searching the places his mom mentioned carefullyCGeneration MIt’s 7:30 pm. Lisa is doing her homework in her room. However, homework is just one of the things she’s doing while her eyes are fixed on the computer screen. As well as studying for her biology exam, Lisa is also listening to music, chatting with her best friend online, downloading songs， and occasionally(偶尔)texting people on her mobile phone. “My parents keep telling me not to multi-task while studying, but they don’t understand that it helps me concentrate(集中注意力).”she says.It’s not unusual for human beings to do several things at the same time, but in our fast-paced technological society the situation has come to a head. Young people today spend nearly6.5 hours a day using various types of media and doing different things at the same time. This is the reason why they are called the “multi-tasking generation” or “Generation M”. But how do their brains deal with multi-tasking? Automatic(无意识的)actions like walking and chatting on the phone can be done at the same time. But when it comes to learn new information，multi-tasking has a bad influence according to the researches. Dividing your attention among many activities makes the knowledge you gain harder to use later on. We are not saying you shouldn’t multi-task, just don’t do it while you are trying to learn something new.According to experts, it’s also essential(必需的)to take time away from electronic media.” At the sound of the bell, all my students reach into their bags and take out their mobile phones to text messages to their friends. It is as if they’re afraid of silence.” says Casey Roberts, a secondary school teacher. “Their mobile phones，laptops and game consoles(控制台)have become extensions(延伸)of themselves. I really think that Generation M should take time to relax. There’s life beyond the screen and the pleasure of face-to-face communication cannot be replaced.” says Casey Roberts.27. You are most probably called Generation M if________. A. you have different hobbiesB. you are good at using different mediaC. you often argue with your parents about different thingsD. you use electronic media to do several different things at the same time28. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?A. It’s hard for our brains to deal with multi-tasking when we do automatic actions.B. It’s harmful for people to multi-task while learning new information.C. Multi-tasking can make people learn more from the activities.D. Multi-tasking has more positive influences.29. Casey Roberts probably agrees that ________. A. the life beyond the screen is silentB. students should study more knowledge for the examsC. students should take time to relax by using electronic mediaD. it is essential to have face-to-face communication although the technology is developingDHave you ever made plans with someone, only to completely forget when and where and with whom you are supposed to meet? Moments like this may lead you to believe that you have a “bad” memory, or are already showing signs of aging and memory loss. However，the human brain is a mysterious machine，and our powers of memory are some of the most enigmatic elements(神秘的元素) within it.Before we can understand what makes a memory “good” or “bad”，we should understand how memories are formed in the first place. The process of memory formation is broken down into three steps: encoding(编码)，storage and retrieval(检索).Encoding occurs(发生)when we take in sensory input and change it into a form that the brain can handle(处理).These three types of encoding are visual，acoustic and semantic. For example, if you see the name on a waitress’ card, you store that information visually (as a picture). If you then repeat the name aloud when you speak to the waitress, you may encode the information acoustically. If she shares the same name as a teacher, friend or aunt, you may store the information semantically (linked to a meaning) These encoded pieces of information are then moved to your short-term memory (STM), where they can last for 0-30 seconds，unless they are shifted(转换)into long-term memory.If the information is thought “important” or “meaningful” , then it will be shifted into your long-term memory. The more you interact(互动)with or consider the information in the short-term memory, the better chance it will have of entering the long-term memory. Storage like this can protect a memory for many years.When you want to retrieve a special memory, you have to reach out to the unconscious(潜意识的)level of memory storage. If you don’t have a physical disease, the failure to remember something can be a result of the faulty encoding of data(数据).The information simply fails to make it to the long-term memory.There are many complex and interconnected facets(方面)of memory, so simply throwing up your hands and saying, “I have a bad memory” is doing yourself a disservice. Understanding what you can do differently to increase your memory is the first step towards improvement. Consciously knowing the world, rather than simply passing through it, can help your brain move information from sensory memory into short-term memory, and into the long-term memory held deep and durably(持久地)in your mind.30. The word “acoustically “in Paragraph 3 probably means “________.”A. as a sound    B. as a hope   C.as a mood   D.as a problem31. What can we learn from the passage?A. The last step of memory is sensory input.B. Understand the meaning is helpful to remember well.C. Passing through the world without knowing is good for memory improvement.D. All the information will be shifted into long-term memory successfully after encoding.32. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. What Is Memory?B. Why Do we Forget?C. How Are Memories Formed?D. How Can we Memorize Quickly?33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To help people increase their memory.B. To show his knowledge about memory.C. To introduce the structure of the human brain.D. To tell people to do some research about memory. 第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(34-36题每题2分,37题4分,共10分)阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。The Noble Prizes are awarded(授予) to the scientists who make  outstanding contributions（贡献) in the fields of chemistry，physics, literature, peace, and physiology(生理学)or medicine.Tu Youyou got the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 2015. “I learned about it from the TV news. A little unexpected, but also not quite surprised. This is not my personal achievement，but an award to all the Chinese scientists in our group. We worked on this together for decades(数十年),so the prize shouldn’t be a surprise.” Tu said.Tu discovered Artemisinin, a drug that has significantly reduced the death rate of malaria(疟疾)patients, and saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world. The discoveries that help fight parasitic(寄生的) diseases are important because those diseases affect the world’s poorest populations and represent a huge barrier(障碍)to improving human health.Tu was born in 1930 in Ningbo，China， has been a pharmacologist（药理学家) at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine since 1965,now known as the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. In the 1960s, the main treatments for malaria were chloroquine and quinine(氯喹和奎宁) , but they were proving increasingly ineffective. In 1969,Tu started to chair a government project aimed at eradicating(根除)malaria completely. She and her workmates experimented with 380 extracts(提取物) in 2,000 candidate recipes(候选配方)before they finally succeeded in getting the pure matter Qinghaosu, later known as Artemisinin.Juleen R.Zierath, chairman of the Nobel Committee(委员会) for Physiology or Medicine said that Tu’s inspiration(灵感)from traditional Chinese medicine was important.Tu’s winning the prize signifies China’s progress in scientific and technological field, marks a great contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the cause of human health, and shows China’s growing strengths and rising international standing.It’s a honor for Tu and the world’s recognition of traditional Chinese medicine. Now we have Tu winning the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. We should be more confident that Chinese scientists will make more high-level breakthroughs(突破) in the future.34. In which field did Tu Youyou get the Noble Prize in 2015?35. Why did Tu Youyou say her Noble Prize shouldn’t be a surprise?36. When did Tu Youyou start to chair a government project to eradicate malaria?37. Do you think Tu Youyou should win the first Nobel Prize in medicine? Why or why not? Please give at least two reasons.五、文段表达(10分)38. 从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目①假如你是李华,你们学校正在举办”难忘的经历”的主题活动。请用英语写一封电子邮件向你们班交换生Peter介绍你难忘的经历是什么,并说明原因。提示词语:football，match, help, encourage, influence提示问题: ●What was your unforgettable experience?●Why do you think it is unforgettable?Dear Peter,How are you? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What about you? Please tell me.Yours,Li Hua 题目②某英文网站正在开展以“解决问题”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你遇到过什么问题,以及你是如何解决的。提示词语: classmate, new, beautiful, break, buy提示问题:  ●What problem did you have?●How did you solve it?Problems are often around us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  
参考答案一.单项填空     1.D  2.D  3.B  4.C  5.B  6.A  7.B  8.C  9.C  10.D   11.A   12.D二.完形填空13. B    14. A    15. D    16. C   17. D    18. A    19. A    20. B    三.阅读A :  21.C    22.B     23.AB:  24. A    25. B    26. DC:  27. D    28. B    29. D   D:  30. A    31. B    32. C    33. A四.阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。34. In physiology or medicine.35. Because she thinks this is not her personal achievement, it’s an award to all the Chinese scientists in her group and they worked on this together for decades.    36. In 1969.       37. Yes, I do. Because they devoted in this field for many years and it is a high-level breakthrough of Chinese medicine, and the discovery of Artemisinin significantly reduced the death rate of malaria patients, and saved millions of lives across the globe. 五.文段表达38. 例文Dear Peter,How are you? I am writing this letter to introduce one of my unforgettable experiences. Last May, our school was going to hold a football match, and I was invited to play a role in it. Lack of confidence, I refused without hesitation. But our PE teacher encouraged me and helped me practice day and night. With his kind encouragement and help, we won the match. The reason why I think it is unforgettable is that it influenced me a lot. The unforgettable experience not only improved my football skills but also shaped me a confident man.What about you? Please tell me.Yours,Li Hua