精品解析：宁夏石嘴山市平罗中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：宁夏石嘴山市平罗中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

平罗中学2022—2023学年度第二学期期末考试试卷
高一英语
满分：150分 考试时长：120分钟
第一部分：听力理解(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which instrument has the man already owned?
A. Drums. B. A piano. C. A violin.
2. What does the candy taste like?
A. Sour and salty. B. Sweet and sour. C. Sweet and salty.
3. What does the woman dislike?
A. Staying outside for a long time. B. Keeping the windows closed.
C Turning the air on.
4. Why is the woman growing sunflowers?
A. To eat the seeds. B. To enjoy the flowers. C. To get the seeds for the man.
5 What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Shop assistant and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man keep doing?
A. Lifting weights.
B. Telling the woman to take a break.
C. Adding more exercise to the woman.
7. What does the woman probably think about the exercise?
A. It’s useless. B. It’s too exciting. C. It’s very difficult.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What will the weather be like according to the man?
A. It’ll rain. B. It’ll snow. C. It’ll have ice.
9. When did the man move to this area?
A. In the spring. B. In the autumn. C. In the winter.
10. How big do ice balls usually get in this area?
A. Half an inch wide. B. An inch wide. C. Two inches wide.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How long will the man’s show be?
A. 5 minutes. B. 10 minutes. C. 20 minutes.
12. What advice did the woman give the man before?
A. Remembering the lines from a movie.
B. Pretending the people are cabbage.
C. Closing his eyes to be calm.
13. What seems to be the woman’s hope for the man?
A. To enjoy himself. B. To impress the judges.
C. To make the crowd laugh.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How will the woman keep Chinese traditions alive while in America?
A. By eating Chinese food.
B. By watching Chinese movies.
C. By talking to others about China.
15. How will the woman deal with cultural differences?
A. Follow her own custom.
B. Respect other cultures.
C. Follow other countries’ fashions.
16. Whom will the woman make friends with?
A. Only Chinese. B. Only Americans. C. People from everywhere.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How does the speaker sound?
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Excited.
18. What was the main subject of the study?
A. Sitting too much time.
B Fighting against heart disease.
C. Having different entertainment.
19. When was the end of the study?
A. In 2001. B. In 2016. C. In 2017.
20 Which age group had the biggest amount of people watching TV?
A. Children. B. Teenagers. C. The elderly.
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Hilton Universal City
Outdoor swimming pool; rooms with two double beds (sleep 4); mini-fridges in rooms; on-site restaurants and 24-hour room service with children’s menu and snack cafe; fee car parking; the hotel is in walking distance to Universal Studios and City Walk with lots of restaurants.
Holiday Inn Universal Studios Hollywood
Rooms with two queen beds (sleep 4), a mini-fridge, a microwave and a game table; on-site restaurants serving breakfast, lunch and dinner with family-friendly food; outdoor swimming pool; fee car parking.
Holiday Inn Express Universal City
Indoor swimming pool; rooms with two queen beds (sleep 4); breakfast is included in the room rate; free car parking; coin-operated laundry.
Magic Castle Hotel
Breakfast is included in the room rate; snacks (such as cookies and ice cream);one or two bedroom suites (sleep 4); suites have fully-equipped kitchen living and dining areas; restaurants in the neighborhood; fee car parking; outdoor swimming pool.

1. If you like to swim indoors, you can choose ______ .
A. Holiday Inn Express Universal City
B. Holiday Inn Universal Studios Hollywood
C. Hilton Universal City
D. Magic Castle Hotel
2. Children will love to stay in Hilton Universal City because ______ .
A. it has mini-fridges in rooms B. they love to swim
C. they can sleep well D. it serves with children’s menu
3. At Magic Castle Hotel, you needn’t pay extra money for ______ .
A. car parking B. breakfast C. swimming D. washing
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四家酒店的配套设施和服务等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Holiday Inn Express Universal City部分中的“Indoor swimming pool(室内游泳池)”可知，Holiday Inn Express Universal City酒店内有室内游泳馆，所以想要室内游泳需要选择Holiday Inn Express Universal City酒店。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Hilton Universal City部分中的“on-site restaurants and 24-hour room service with children’s menu and snack cafe;(酒店设有餐厅和24小时客房服务，提供儿童菜单和小吃咖啡厅；)”可知，该酒店中提供儿童菜单和小吃咖啡厅，所以儿童喜欢这家酒店的原因是该酒店提供给儿童餐服务。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Magic Castle Hotel 部分中的“Breakfast is included in the room rate;(早餐已包含在房价中)”可知，在该酒店中，早餐包括在房费中，因此不需要额外付早餐费。故选B项。
B
When Zhi Yueying, then 19, went to the remote Niyang village in Yichun city, Jiangxi province, to work as a village teacher in 1980, villagers were doubtful if she was going to stay long.
Over the past four decades, Zhi has devoted herself to rural education. She is a recipient of Touching China awards that recognize the most inspiring role models in 2016. She was also awarded as a model poverty fighter by the government. Zhi has a profound understanding of the importance of education in the mountains. Over the years, she has taught the students and cared for them, since many of them were “left-behind” children whose parents migrated to other places to work. More than 1,000 students of hers have left the mountain area, and created a better life for themselves.
Located amid the mountains, the village was very poor and far from any town. Villagers had to hike in the mountains. “I arrived at the school in an early evening, and was shocked. I had known the conditions were poor, but the reality was worse.” Moreover, local people needed to go downhill to buy daily necessities, and transport them back in their hands or balanced across their shoulders. “I had never walked uphill on a mountain road before, so I walked much more slowly than others, sometimes I walked slowly behind too much and was scared to tears,” says Zhi. Sometimes she had to walk uphill by herself with a flashlight at night. The wild boars and rabbits sometimes frightened her and she enhanced her courage by singing loudly.
But she gradually got used to her life there. At the beginning, she found many local people valued their sons far more than their daughters, and would not like to let them attend school. Zhi went to their homes repeatedly and gradually persuaded them to send all their children to school. For those who could not afford the tuition, she spared her own money to help.
Zhi says seeing her students do well beyond the mountains is deeply rewarding. “My dream, the same as before, is to stay by the side of more children. I know poverty will forever say goodbye to the mountainous villages, to my students, and to myself,” says Zhi.
4. Why did Zhi choose to stay long in the mountains?
A. She was a village teacher.
B. She was a Touching China awards recipient.
C. She was shocked by the poor living conditions.
D. She was aware of the significance of rural education.
5. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The reasons for their poverty.
B. The ways of buying daily necessities.
C. The tough situations in the mountains.
D. The description of Zhi’s teaching experience.
6. What can we learn about Zhi Yueying?
A. She has a sense of achievement. B. She enjoys living in mountains.
C. She has changed the local life. D. She likes challenges in teaching.
7. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. A Life-changing Lesson B. A Contributor to Rural Education
C. The Teaching Experience in Mountains D. The Current Situation of Rural Education
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，悉心教育照顾学生，她梦想着山村、她的学生和她自己都能早日脱离贫困。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over the past four decades, Zhi has devoted herself to rural education.(在过去的四十年里，她一直致力于乡村教育)”和“Zhi has a profound understanding of the importance of education in the mountains.(支月英对山区教育的重要性有着深刻的认识)”可知，支月英选择长期待在山里是因为她意识到了乡村教育的重要性。故选D项。
【5题详解】
段落大意题。根据第三段中“Located amid the mountains, the village was very poor and far from any town. Villagers had to hike in the mountains. “I arrived at the school in an early evening, and was shocked. I had known the conditions were poor, but the reality was worse.” Moreover, local people needed to go downhill to buy daily necessities, and transport them back in their hands or balanced across their shoulders.(这个村庄坐落在群山之中，非常贫穷，远离任何城镇。村民们不得不在山里徒步旅行。“我很早就到了学校，吓了一跳。我知道条件很差，但现实更糟。”此外，当地人需要下山购买生活必需品，然后用手或肩膀扛着运回来)”可知，山里的村庄地理位置偏僻，条件很差，人们生活非常不便。因此，第三段主要是描绘山里艰苦的环境。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Zhi says seeing her students do well beyond the mountains is deeply rewarding.(支月英说，看到她的学生在大山之外取得好成绩是非常值得的)”可知，支月英对于自己教育的成果感到很满意，很有成就感。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，做出了巨大的贡献。由此可知，B项“乡村教育的贡献者”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。
C
Elephant Transit Home
In both Africa and Asia elephants are being threatened by changes in their natural habitats. People are moving into the elephants’ habitats and endangering their survival. In the country of Sri Lanka, there is one place where elephants are not only protected but also respected. It is called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH).
Set up in 1995, the ETH aims to protect and nurture baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild. Every year about 30 baby elephants in Sri Lanka need help. As many as possible are brought to the ETH. There they are given food, shelter, and medical care. Most importantly, they are given the chance to be with other elephants and become part of a herd (象群).
A day at the ETH begins early in the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk. During the day, each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk. Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves and other native plants. Then the elephants are allowed to walk around, eating the grass and forming a herd. The cost of caring for the baby elephants is high. The ETH spends about $125,000 each year on powdered milk for the baby elephants.
At the ETH, workers try to reduce human connection with the elephants. They also try to increase bonds (联系) between the elephants. It usually takes three years for a baby elephant to be set free into its natural habitat. The elephants are sent back to the wild together with other orphans with whom they have bonded. This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.
The ETH is considered one of the best animal protection sites in the world. Not only are the elephants cared for, they are treated with respect. Most importantly, they go back to live in the wild, where they belong.
8. What does the underlined word “nurture” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Set free. B. Care for.
C. Focus on. D. Relate to.
9. What do we know about the ETH?
A. It receives about $125,000 each year. B. It is the largest animal protection site.
C. It helps to keep baby elephants safe. D. It changes elephants’ habitats for the better.
10. The workers reduce human connection with the elephants to ___________.
A. train them to stay away from hunters B. provide them with more living space
C. study them better in a natural environment D. help them make it in the wild as a herd
11. What’s the purpose of the passage?
A. To show the ways of wildlife protection.
B. To explain the threat baby elephants face.
C. To introduce an animal protection project.
D. To persuade the readers to protect elephants.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名为“大象中转之家（ETH）”的组织，旨在保护和培育那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象。介绍了项目对小象的照顾过程等情况。ETH被认为是世界上最好的动物保护基地之一。大象不仅受到照顾，而且受到尊重。最重要的是，他们回到野外生活，他们属于那里。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild.可知那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象需要ETH组织的保护和照顾，故划线单词意思为“照顾”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Every year about 30 baby elephants in Sri Lanka need help. As many as possible are brought to the ETH. There they are given food, shelter, and medical care.可知在斯里兰卡，每年大约有30头小象需要帮助。尽可能多的小象被送到ETH。在那里，他们得到食物、住所和医疗照顾。由此可知，ETH有助于保护小象的安全。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.可知这个项目帮助他们回到野外，作为一个群体的成员，互相交流，互相照顾。由此可知，工作人员减少了与大象之间的联系，以帮助它们作为一个群体在野外生存。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中In the country of Sri Lanka, there is one place where elephants are not only protected but also respected. It is called the Elephant Transit Home (ETH).可知在斯里兰卡，有一个地方不仅保护大象，而且尊重大象。它被称为大象中转之家（ETH）。结合文章主要介绍了主要介绍了一个名为“大象中转之家（ETH）”的组织，旨在保护和培育那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象。介绍了项目对小象的照顾过程等情况。ETH被认为是世界上最好的动物保护基地之一。大象不仅受到照顾，而且受到尊重。最重要的是，他们回到野外生活，他们属于那里。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一个动物保护项目。故选C。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that's to say, such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第一小题，根据后文baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild.可知那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象需要ETH组织的保护和照顾，故划线单词意思为“照顾”。故选B。
D
Nezha is the subject of the latest feature, which officially opens in cinemas in China on Friday. Nezha has earned hot reviews and is ranked higher than Monkey King: Hero is Back. It is also China’s first 3D animated feature film released in IMAX format.
Since July 13, previews of the film have taken more than 140 million yuan at the box office and the film has a score of 8.8 points (out of 10) on China’s largest filming rating site, Douban. It took Jokalate Yang Yu, the film’s director and screenwriter, two years to improve the script (剧本) of Nezha, and the film was in production for three years. It is the most complex animated production ever made in China. Nezha has more than 1,300 special effects shots, and it took over 20 Chinese special-effects studios, employing more than 1,600 people, to realize the film’s fairy tale setting, the mysterious Dragon King’s palace and a fight between fire and water. One splendid scene alone took two months to complete.
Yang made up his mind to produce an animated film on the theme of breaking the traditional styles and changing fate to the opposite. Yang chose Nezha as his vehicle, the representative of the rebellious (叛逆的) but righteous youth. However, compared with the original novel and past animated versions, the relationships between the characters are given modern meaning. In Yang’s film he is fighting prejudice: Nezha is hated and feared. But Nezha believes his fate is not predetermined and that he can choose to be a devil (恶魔) or a god.
“After watching so many domestic animated films, only Nezha and Monkey King: Hero is Back have made me fascinated,” a Weibo user commented under the promotional video.
“Epic! I finished watching Nezha in tears. The content-rich story, vivid characters, and amazing visual effects, work together to create a 110-minute roller-coaster (过山车) watching experience,” a Douban user commented.
“Bravo! Couldn’t believe a domestic animated film can be created with such a well-developed story. The image of Nezha in this film has been overturned but his rebellious spirit is well-established. I’m sure Nezha is gonna go viral this summer!” reads another comment on Douban.
12. What does the first paragraph mainly want to tell us?
A. Nezha has won lots of comments.
B. Nezha is more popular than Monkey King: Hero is Back.
C. Nezha is the first 3D animated film.
D. Nezha is a big success once released.
13. Which is not the reason for Nezha’s success?
A. Its hot reviews on Douban.
B. Its high qualified script.
C. Its large numbers of special effects shots.
D. Its creative and unconventional theme.
14. What can we learn about Nezha in the new version?
A. He is ready to give in to his fate.
B. He represents the youth who are rebellious but righteous.
C. He is liked deeply by others in the film.
D. He chooses to be a devil.
15. What do the audience think of the film according to the last three paragraphs?
A. The film is fascinating.
B. The plot of the film is flat.
C. The image and spirit of Nezha have been overturned.
D. The film will not go far.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了大热的动画电影《哪吒》的相关信息以及观众们对这部电影的反应。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Nezha is the subject of the latest feature, which officially o…film released in IMAX format.可知哪吒是最新一部动画电影的主角，该片将于周五在中国影院正式上映。《哪吒》获得了热评，排名比《大圣归来》还高。这也是中国首部IMAX格式3D动画电影。这一段主要讲了《哪吒》很受欢迎，很成功，由此可知这一段主要是告诉读者一经上线《哪吒》就很成功，故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据It took Jokalate Yang Yu, the film’s director and screenwriter, two years to refine the script of Nezha 可知影片的导演兼编剧饺子(原名杨宇)花了两年时间来打磨剧本。根据Nezha has more than 1,300 special effects shots, and it took over 20 Chinese special-effects studios…alone took two months to complete.可知《哪吒之魔童降世》有超过1300个特效镜头，来自20多个特效工作室的超过1600人参与制作，以实现电影中的神话故事场景、神秘的龙王宫殿以及仙人们操控水与火进行打斗的戏份;根据Yang made up …the rebellious but righteous youth可知.导演饺子决心制作一部以打破陈规、扭转命运为主题的动画电影。综上，高质量的剧本，大量的特效镜头和打破常规的主题使得《哪吒》成功。而文中引用的豆瓣热评是为了证明《哪吒》是成功的，受观众欢迎的，并不是《哪吒》成功的原因。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Yang made up his mind to produce an animated film on the theme of breaking the traditional styles and changing fate to the opposite. Yang chose Nezha as his vehicle, the representative of the rebellious (叛逆的) but righteous youth可知.导演饺子决心制作一部以打破陈规、扭转命运为主题的动画电影。饺子选择了哪吒作为载体，他是叛逆但正直的年轻人的缩影。也就是说哪吒代表了叛逆但正直的年轻人，故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bravo! Couldn’t believe a domestic animated film can be created …Nezha is gonna go viral this summer!” reads another comment on Douban.可知用户对哪吒的评价是：“好极了!我不敢相信一部国产动画电影可以创造出这么一个情节丰富的故事。影片中哪吒的形象被颠覆了，但他的反叛精神却被塑造的很好。我敢肯定今年夏天哪吒会火起来的! ”从这个评论中可以看出观众认为这个电影很吸引人，故选A项。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Handwriting can make or break the first impression. If your handwriting is difficult for others to read, you will sometimes feel embarrassed. ___16___. It needs lots of practice to improve your handwriting.
___17___. Try each of them out on a piece of paper by signing your name. Find out which type of pen you can write best with. You may be amazed at the change in your handwriting just by changing to another pen.
___18___. Do not just do what feels comfortable because that is just your old bad habit coming back into play. Try to hold the pen lightly and don’t press too hard.
Use your chosen pen to write words on some pieces of lined paper. Write until you have filled up all the lines. Be careful with each word that you write. ___19___. Practice writing words as much as possible. Remember: practice makes perfect. You may practice for weeks or months if you need to. ___20___.
As your handwriting shows signs of improvement, go ahead and keep on practicing by writing more words.
A. Gather different types of pens
B. Practice holding your pen in different ways
C. However, a bad writing habit is hard to break
D. Choose a type of pen with which you write best
E. It won’t help if you write a lot of careless words on the paper
F. Two to three months’ practice is enough to get good handwriting
G. After you are confident in your words, do the same thing with your name
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文字讲述了，书写给人留下的第一印象最深刻，并给出了建议。
【16题详解】
由下文“It needs lots of practice to improve your handwriting. (需要大量练习才能提高你的书法水平)”可知，不好的书写习惯很难改变，承接下文，C选项“然而，不好的写作习惯是很难改掉的”切题。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由下文“Find out which type of pen you can write best with. (找出你能用哪种笔写得最好)”可知，是要准备好不同的笔，承接下文，A选项“收集不同类型的笔”切题。故选A项。
【18题详解】
由下文“Try to hold the pen lightly and don’t press too hard. (试着把笔握得轻一点，不要用力按压)”可知，是要练习不同的握笔方法，承接下文，B选项“练习用不同的方式握笔”切题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
E选项“如果你在纸上写很多粗心的字，那也无济于事”与上文“Be careful with each word that you write. (你写的每一个字都要小心)”形成对照，该空讲述粗心写的后果，承接上文，E选项“如果你在纸上写很多粗心的字，那也无济于事”切题。故选E项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Remember: practice makes perfect. You may practice for weeks or months if you need to. (记住：熟能生巧。如果需要的话，你可以练习几周或几个月)”可知，该空承接上文讲书写熟能生巧后你有信心可以做的事情，G选项“当你对自己的话充满信心后，用你的名字做同样的事情”切题。故选G项。
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D中），选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
My husband and I have little money lately. We haven’t eaten out for a while, so we went to a ___21___ last night.
When we saw the___22___, we knew we could only afford to get a small pizza, so we would have enough money left for___23___. Before long our pizza that was cut to 4 pieces arrived. My husband wanted to act like a___24___, so he would like to put a piece of pizza on my plate. Unluckily, it dropped onto the floor. I knew he would be ___25___about othersˈ opinions on him. I told him, “Honey, don’t let other people___26___ us. We still have three pieces left.”
The manager___27___ this and came over with a broom (扫帚) . He___28___ the pizza and said he was sorry that the oven (烤箱) had been turned___29___, or he would have brought another pizza for us. At the end of our meal he____30____ to our table again to thank us for being here. Then he gave us one coupon (优惠券) for a free small pizza. We were____31____because he could have chosen a____32____ attitude when he saw the pizza we dropped during their closing time. Instead, he chose to make sure we could left____33____. My husband was going to give him tips for our meal that we had prepared, ____34____ the manager didnˈt take them. To some people it might not be important, but to us it meant a lot. Our rare treat of enjoying a night out was made more____35____.
21. A. supermarket B. cafe C. park D. church
22. A. prices B. sizes C. waiters D. chef
23. A. clothes B. drinks C. tips D. desserts
24. A. gentleman B. policeman C. photographer D. teacher
25. A. worried B. disappointed C. mad D. grateful
26. A. know B. influence C. recognize D. inspire
27. A. doubted B. persuaded C. noticed D. appreciated
28. A. transformed B. hid C. cooked D. cleaned
29. A. off B. down C. on D. up
30. A. waved B. pointed C. returned D. shouted
31. A. moved B. proud C. relaxed D. serious
32. A. wrong B. bad C. friendly D. careful
33. A. originally B. politely C. rudely D. happily
34. A. because B. if C. but D. so
35. A. awkward B. romantic C. surprising D. pleasant
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫生活窘迫，难得外出去餐馆吃饭，丈夫却不小心把披萨掉在了地上，餐馆经理亲切地帮助解决问题，还送出优惠券，拒收消费，令作者夫妇十分感动，享受了愉快的外出之旅。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们有一段时间没在外面吃饭了，所以昨晚我们去了一家小餐馆。A. supermarket超市；B. cafe小餐馆；C. park公园；D. church教堂。根据下文“When we saw the___2___, we knew we could only afford to get a small pizza, so we would have enough money left for___3___. (当我们看到价格时，我们知道我们只能买一个小披萨，所以我们会有足够的钱来付小费。)” 可知，作者和丈夫点了披萨，因此是去餐馆吃饭了。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到价格时，我们知道我们只能买一个小披萨，所以我们会有足够的钱来付小费。A. prices价格；B. sizes尺寸；C. waiters服务员；D. chef主厨。根据句中we knew we could only afford to get a small pizza可知，作者夫妇在餐馆点餐，先看价格（prices），根据自己的经济能力，点了一个小披萨。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到价格时，我们知道我们只能买一个小披萨，所以我们会有足够的钱来付小费。A. clothes衣服；B. drinks饮料；C. tips小费；D. desserts甜点。根据下文“My husband was going to give him tips for our meal that we had prepared, ___14___ the manager didn’t take them. (我丈夫准备给他小费，但经理没有收。)”可知，除了付披萨的钱，作者夫妇留了钱，付小费（tips）。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫想表现得像个绅士，所以他想在我的盘子里放一块披萨。A. gentleman绅士；B. policeman警察；C. photographer摄影师；D. teacher老师。根据句中so he would like to put a piece of pizza on my plate可知，作者丈夫想为妻子服务，在作者的盘子里放一块披萨，因此是想表现得和绅士（gentleman）一样。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道他会担心别人对他的看法。A. worried担心的；B. disappointed失望的；C. mad疯狂的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文“When we saw the___2___, we knew we could only afford to get a small pizza, so we would have enough money left for___3___. (当我们看到价格时，我们知道我们只能买一个小披萨，所以我们会有足够的钱来付小费。)”，“Unluckily, it dropped onto the floor. (不幸的是，它掉到了地板上。)”可知，作者和丈夫只点了一个小披萨，丈夫还不小心把其中的一块掉地上了，因此他会担心（worried）别人对他的看法。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亲爱的，不要让别人影响我们。A. know知道；B. influence影响；C. recognize识别；D. inspire激励。根据上文“I knew he would be ___5___about othersˈ opinions on him. (我知道他会担心别人对他的看法。)”，以及后句“We still have three pieces left. (我们还剩下三块。)”可知，作者安慰自己的丈夫，不要让别人影响（influence）自己，而且餐桌上还有三块披萨。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经理注意到了这一点，拿着扫帚走过来。A. doubted怀疑；B. persuaded说服；C. noticed注意到；D. appreciated赏识。根据下文came over with a broom可知，经理拿着扫帚走过来，因为是注意到（noticed）作者丈夫把一块披萨掉地上了。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他清理了披萨，说他很抱歉烤箱被关了，否则他会再给我们拿一个披萨来。A. transformed使改观；B. hid隐藏；C. cooked烹饪；D. cleaned清理。根据上文“The manager___7___ this and came over with a broom (扫帚) (经理注意到了这一点，拿着扫帚走过来。)”可知，经理拿着扫帚走过来，目的是清理（cleaned）掉在地上的披萨。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他清理了披萨，说他很抱歉烤箱被关了，否则他会再给我们拿一个披萨来。A. (turn) off关闭；B. (turn) down调低，拒绝；C. (turn) on打开；D. (turn) up开大，出现。根据句中or he would have brought another pizza for us可知，此处考查固定短语turn off，烤箱目前已经关掉了，要是没关，经理他会再给两人拿一个披萨。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：（在我们）用餐结束时，他又回到我们的桌子旁，感谢我们的光临。A. waved挥手；B. pointed指；C. returned返回；D. shouted喊。根据下文again可推知，经理又回到（returned）两人的桌子旁。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们被感动了，因为当他看到我们在打烊时间掉在地上的披萨时，他本可以选择一种不好的态度。A. moved感动的；B. proud骄傲的；C. relaxed放松的；D. serious严重的。根据上文“At the end of our meal he___10___ to our table again to thank us for being here. Then he gave us one coupon (优惠券) for a free small pizza. (（在我们）用餐结束时，他又回到我们的桌子旁，感谢我们的光临。然后他给了我们一张免费小披萨的优惠券。)”可知，经理的友善的行为令作者夫妇感动（moved）。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们被感动了，因为当他看到我们在打烊时间掉在地上的披萨时，他本可以选择一种不好的态度。A. wrong错误的；B. bad不好的；C. friendly友好的；D. careful小心的。根据上文“Unluckily, it dropped onto the floor. I knew he would be ___5___about othersˈ opinions on him. (不幸的是，它掉到了地板上。我知道他会担心别人对他的看法。)”，以及下文“Instead, he chose to make sure we could left___13___. (相反，他选择确保我们能快乐地离开。)”，根据句中的Instead可知，经理没有给作者夫妇难堪，而是友善的对待他们俩，因此与上文意思相反，在打烊时间顾客把披萨掉在地上，给经理添了麻烦，可能会对这位顾客态度不好（bad）。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他选择确保我们能快乐地离开。A. originally起初；B. politely礼貌地；C. rudely无礼地；D. happily快乐地。根据上文“At the end of our meal he___10___ to our table again to thank us for being here. Then he gave us one coupon (优惠券) for a free small pizza. (（在我们）用餐结束时，他又回到我们的桌子旁，感谢我们的光临。然后他给了我们一张免费小披萨的优惠券。)”可知，经理的友善处理这件事，令作者夫妇感动，愉快（happily）离开餐厅。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫准备给他小费，但经理没有收。A. because因为；B. if如果；C. but但是；D. so所以。根据空后the manager didn’t take them可知，此处和上文丈夫准备给小费是转折关系，应用but表示转折。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们难得的外出享受夜晚的用餐变得更加愉快了。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. pleasant愉快的。根据上文“Instead, he chose to make sure we could left___13___. My husband was going to give him tips for our meal that we had prepared, ___14___ the manager didn’t take them. To some people it might not be important, but to us it meant a lot. (相反，他选择确保我们能快乐地离开。我丈夫准备给他小费，但经理没有收。对有些人来说，这可能不重要，但对我们来说，这意味着很多。)”可知，根据上文经理清理那块掉在地上的披萨，礼貌表示歉意，并感谢光顾，送上优惠券，尤其是最后拒绝小费可推知，他的行为让作者和丈夫的这次用餐变得更加愉快（pleasant）。故选D项。
第二节 单句填空（共10小题; 每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese New Year, which starts ____36____ the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar, is considered as one of the most important holidays in China. It is known as the Spring Festival.
In ancient times, the Spring Festival started from the beginning of Spring. Nowadays, it often____37____ (happen) between January and February. It usually lasts until Lantern Festival, ____38____ gives everyone plenty of time for celebration.
____39____ (traditional), the children get red envelopes during the Spring Festival celebrations. It’s a custom ____40____ (go) back to ancient times. However, when the tradition ____41____ (begin) is still unknown. Whatever the reason is, the red envelope has been an important part of Chinese New Year to this day.
The firework is another big part of Chinese New Year. A writer shared the following story on a website.____42____ old man saved a town from a terrible monster by throwing bamboo ____43____ (stick) into the fire. The explosion (爆炸声) ____44____ (cause) by the bamboo frightened off the monster. As a result, Chinese people set off fireworks during Chinese New Year celebrations _____45_____ (avoid) the evil spirits of the past.
【答案】36. on 37. happens
38. which 39. Traditionally
40. going 41. began
42. An 43. sticks
44. caused 45. to avoid
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国的传统节日——春节，介绍了它的由来及其传统习俗。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国新年，从农历的第一天开始，被认为是中国最重要的节日之一。结合句意可知，表示具体的某一天时，通常使用介词on，on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar意为“在中国阴历年的第一天”。故填on。
【37题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：现在，它经常发生在一月和二月之间。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Nowadays以及副词often可知，此处表示当前经常性发生的动作，所以使用一般现在时态，且与句子主语it之间为主动关系，句子主语为第三人称单数。故填happens。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它通常持续到元宵节，这给了每个人足够的时间来庆祝。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少句子主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词指的是事，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：传统上，孩子们在春节庆祝活动中会得到红包。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰整个句子，traditional的副词为traditionally意为“传统上”，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Traditionally。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个可以追溯到古代的习俗。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词custom，结合句意可知，go back to与custom之间为主动关系，所以此处应使用现在分词形式。故填going。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：然而，这一传统是何时开始的仍不得而知。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“这一传统何时开始的”，描述的是过去的事情，所以使用一般故去时，且begin与the tradition之间为主动关系。故填began。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一位老人把竹竿扔进火里，从可怕的怪物手中拯救了一个小镇。分析句子结构可知，man为可数名词单数，结合句意，此处表示的是泛指，意为“一位老人”，所以使用不定冠词，old的第一个音素为元音，且位于句首，an的首字母需大写。故填An。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意： 一位老人把竹竿扔进火里，从可怕的怪物手中拯救了一个小镇。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，stick为可数名词单数，其前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数形式表示泛指“棍子”。故填sticks。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子引起的爆炸把怪物吓跑了。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰the explosion，cause与所修饰词the explosion之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填caused。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，中国人在春节庆祝活动中燃放烟花，以避开过去的恶鬼。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“为了……”作目的状语，所以使用不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填to avoid。
第三节 根据汉语提示拼写单词和补全短语。（共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分）
46. What are the top five tourist ________ （目的地）in the world?（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】destinations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：世界五大旅游目的地是哪里？分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作主语，根据提示的汉语，表示“目的地”应为destination，且空前有five修饰，谓语动词为are，所以此处应使用名词复数形式。故填destinations。
47. She has a child from a ________(以前的) marriage. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】previous
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她前一次婚姻有一个孩子。分析句意，“以前的”表达为形容词previous，作定语，修饰marriage。故填previous。
48. If the weather is fine, we’ll go ________ (远足) this weekend. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】hiking
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果天气好，这个周末我们将去远足。“远足”表达为名词hiking，固定短语go hiking意为“远足”。故填hiking。
49. Her mother was a powerful and ________ (精力充沛的）woman. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】energetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的母亲是一个强大而精力充沛的女人。“精力充沛的”表达为形容词energetic，作名词woman的前置定语。故填energetic。
50. He Jie, a boy from Pingluo, won the ________(冠军) of the Shenzhen Marathon in 2022. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
【答案】championship
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：何杰，一个来自平洛的男孩，赢得了2022年深圳马拉松赛的冠军。根据“won the”和汉语提示可知，空处应用名词championship，意为“冠军头衔，冠军地位”，作won的宾语，且此处特指2022年深圳马拉松赛的冠军头衔，championship应用单数形式。故填championship。
51. Lisa watched until the train ________ (消失) from view. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】disappeared
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：丽莎一直看着，直到火车从视野中消失。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“消失”应为disappear，根据主句的谓语动词watched和句意可知，此处应使用一般过去时态，且与句子主语the train之间为主动关系。故填disappeared。
52. He gave up the idea of ________(离任，辞去) the job due to the impact of the pandemic. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
【答案】quitting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于疫情的影响，他放弃了辞职的想法。根据“the job”和汉语提示可知，空处应用动词quit，意为“离开（工作岗位），离任”，和the job搭配表示“辞职”，且空处作of的宾语，应用quit的动名词形式quitting。故填quitting。
53. It’s quite ________(正常的) for children to experience fears while growing up.（根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】normal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：对孩子来说成长中经历恐惧是相当正常的。空处应填一个形容词作表语，结合汉语提示可知normal符合题意，故填normal。
54. She ________ (克服) all the difficulties and got to where she wanted to go. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】overcame
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她克服了所有的困难，到达了她想去的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据提示的汉语，表示“克服”应为overcome，根据并列句的谓语动词got可知，此处应使用一般过去时，且与句子主语she之间为主动关系。故填overcame。
55. It was very thoughtful of you to make all the necessary _______ （安排）for us.（根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】arrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：您很细心体贴为我们做好所有的安排。分析句子的成分可知：设空处前为形容词。形容词修饰名词，设空处应为名词，安排为可数名词。根据设空处前之的是所有的安排，设空处应用名词的复数形式。故答案为arrangements。
56. I hope I can _____ _______ _______（不辜负；符合）what my teachers expect of me.（根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. live ②. up ③. to

【解析】
【详解】考查“情态动词+动词原形”。句意：我希望我能不辜负老师对我的期望。“不辜负；符合”表达为动词短语live up to，空前为情态动词can，应接动词原形，故填：①live；②up；③to。　　
57. We all _____ ______ _____（在某种程度上）remember the good times and forget the bad. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. to
②. some ③. extent##degree
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：在某种程度上，我们都会记住美好的时光，忘记糟糕的时光。“在某种程度上”表达为介词短语to some extent或to some degree，作状语。故填：①to；②some；③extent /degree。
58. The boy is playing basketball to ______ _______ _______(尽情地，心满意足地) in the PE class. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. his ②. heart’s ③. content
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：那个男孩正在体育课上尽情地打篮球。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用固定短语do sth. to one’s heart’s content，意为“尽情地做某事”，主语为The boy，one’s需变为his。故依次填his、heart’s、content。
59. Each of the contestants ______ ______(表演，上演) a wonderful performance and the final winner was so talented. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】 ①. put ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、时态。句意：每个参赛者都有精彩的表演，最后的获胜者是如此的有才华。“表演，上演”表达为动词短语put on，后接名词短语a wonderful performance，根据后半句时态，设空处应用一般过去时，故填：①put，②on。　
60. With the environment becoming worse and worse, many species are ________ _______(灭绝). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. dying ②. out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：随着环境变得越来越糟，许多物种正在灭绝。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用固定短语die out，意为“灭绝，绝迹”，结合空前的are和句意可知，句子在描述现在正在发生的事情，时态应用现在进行时，die应用现在分词形式dying。故依次填dying和out。
第四部分、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）
61. 假设你是一名高中生，名字叫李华，你的美国笔友 David 来信向你求助。他最近在和妈妈闹矛盾，因为妈妈不让他过多上网。他对此很不理解。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1.建议他向妈妈道歉；
2.说明过多上网的危害；
3.列举一些健康的休闲方式。
注意： 1.词数100词左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： Internet addiction 网瘾
Dear David,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear David,
I’m very sorry to hear that a conflict occurred between you and your mother because of your Internet addiction.
In my opinion, you should apologize to your mother, as she has done nothing wrong to prevent you from Internet addiction. Although the Internet plays an important role in modern life, we can’t ignore its harm to us. Many students spend most of their time playing computer games or chatting aimlessly with others, which may not only result in poor health and decline in study but also loss of communication in the real world.
As students, we should devote our energy to study. When available, you may as well walk outside with your friends or take some exercise to keep fit instead of playing online games. Only in this way can you live and study happily and healthily.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友 David写封信，建议他向妈妈道歉，说明过多上网的危害，列举一些健康的休闲方式。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
冲突：conflict→clash
因为：as→because
在……中起重要作用：play an important role in→play an important part in
导致：result in→lead to
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：When available, you may as well walk outside with your friends or take some exercise to keep fit instead of playing online games.
拓展句：When you are available, you may as well walk outside with your friends or take some exercise to keep fit instead of playing online games.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Many students spend most of their time playing computer games or chatting aimlessly with others, which may not only result in poor health and decline in study but also loss of communication in the real world.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Only in this way can you live and study happily and healthily.(运用了only修饰if条件句位于句首引起的部分倒装句)