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2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，单句语法填空，语法填空，句子翻译，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Want to read a perfect children's book？Explore some recommendations from trusted critics.My Brother Is Away （Sara Greenwood，illustrated by Luisa Uribe）
It's never easy to explain that a family member is kept in prison，and it can be especially hard for children.This touching book draws on the author's own childhood to tell the story of a young girl whose brother is in prison.What does she say to her friends who have seen him on the news？And will he still love her？A gentle and hopeful story for kids about very adult situations and complex feelings.（For ages 5 to 8）
Eyes that Kiss in the Corners （Joanna Ho，illustrated by Dung Ho）
This book is brilliantly written because it focuses both on how the characters' eyes look and on how they see.Focusing on a young girl who takes pride in her "eyes that kiss in the corner and glow like warm tea"，Joann a Ho's lyrical intergenerational story combines with Dung Ho's warm and often magical imagery to bring us a celebration on how we see the world-and how we see ourselves.（For ages 4 to 8）
Rez Dogs （Joseph Bruchac）
When COVID-19 hits，Malian is visiting her grandparents.It is in Malian's grandparents' stories that she learns how the people of her native community have always taken care of one another.Written in poetry，this book shows us the pandemic through a child's eyes and helps remind us that responsibility and caring for one another is something we all can do.（For ages 8 to 12）
Listen to the Language of the Trees （Tera Kelly，illustrated by Marie Hermansson）
If you know about the "Wood Wide Web"，you know that trees communicate through the fungi （真菌） that connect their roots.Still，did you know how they support one another with extra food？How they can tell their offspring（后代） apart from other trees？How they can warn other trees when insects attack？Then，consider this outstanding book for kids on the topic.（For ages 4 to 8）
1. What do My Brother Is Away and Eyes that Kiss in the Corners have in common？ ______
A. They both reveal complex feelings.
B. They both tell stories through a girl's eyes.
C. They are intended for children of same age.
D. They both focus on children's responsibility.
2. Which book best suits children who are interested in science？ ______
A. Rez Dogs.
B. Eyes that Kiss in the Corners.
C. My Brother Is Away .
D. Listen to the Language of the Trees.
3. What can we learn about the book Rez Dogs？ ______
A. It may attract pre-school children.
B. It is written in the form of a poem.
C. It has pictures related to the pandemic.
D. It mainly covers global pandemics.
4. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To recommend some children's books.
B. To introduce some famous writers.
C. To offer some children's book reviews.
D. To advertise some children's books.
5. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A research paper. B. A magazine.
C. A literature review. D. A travel journal.
B
Ida Keeling's daughter，Cheryl，a lifelong athlete，thought that maybe what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud was something that would get her pumping again.She suggested a run.Not just a jog around the block，but an official run.At the time，Ida Keeling was 67.
Keeling had grown up poor in Harlem，and had done hard work in factories.She had lost her husband early to a heart attack，and two of her four children -both of her sons- died in unsolved drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.
Keeling had sunk into a deep depression （消沉），and her health had begun to slide.Her daughters began to worry that they soon might be losing their mother as well.
It had been decades since Keeling had done any running，and she would later recall that first "mini-run"feeling as if it would never end.But when it did， "I just threw off all my bad memories."
She hasn't stopped running since，and it's no longer the tough work it was during that first meet.Since then，the small Keeling has set records for 60 meters in the 95-to-99 age group，and in 100 meters for the over-100 group.
"I was just exercising，"she says regarding that first run，"and now I'm all over the world."
When she's not running，she's working out.She's in the gym three to four days a week，running on tread-mills（跑步机），working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike，and even squeezing in some squats （深蹲） while she's cooking.Part of her health y diet is occasional brandy wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid circulation （血液循环）.
She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down：Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.Her philosophy is also suitable for a runner： "Every day is another day forward."
6. What do the underlined words"get her pumping"mean in paragraph 1？ ______
A. Free her from great pressure. B. Fill her with life and energy .
C. Equip her with self-confidence. D. Remind her of her problems.
7. Why did Keeling suffer from a deep depression？ ______
A. She had grown up poor.
B. She had done hard work.
C. She had been in poor health.
D. She had lost her husband and sons.
8. What contributes to Keeling's setting records when she is very old？ ______
A. Travelling around the world. B. The mini-run experience.
C. Working out whenever possible. D. Brandy wine mixed with coffee.
9. Which of the following can best describe Keeling？ ______
A. Athletic and strong-willed. B. Caring and sport-loving.
C. Modest and hard-working. D. Humorous and out-going.
10. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Run forward . B. Never too old to learn.
C. Live healthily . D. Never give up hope in life.
C
The Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday proposed maximum limits for the amount of lead （铅） in baby foods，after years of studies revealed that many processed products contained levels known to pose a risk to baby health.
"This is really important progress for babies，"said Scott Faber，vice president of public affairs for the Environmental Working Group，a nonprofit organization that had advised the agency（机构） to take action to remove metals from foods. "We were thankful that F.D.A.has made reducing poisonous metals in baby food a priority（优先事项）."
The new limits，aimed at foods for children under 2，do not deal with grain-based snacks that have also been found to contain high levels of heavy metals.And they do not limit other metals，like cadmium，which the agency and many consumer groups have found in baby foods in previous years.
Jane Houlihan，research director for Healthy Babies Bright Futures，a nonprofit，called the guidelines disappointing. "It doesn't go far enough to protect babies from neurodevelopmental （神经发育的） damage from lead exposures，"she said."Lead is in almost every baby food we've tested，and the action levels that F.D.A.has set will influence almost none of that food."
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has said there is no safe level of lead for children，who more readily absorb the heavy metal.
The agency estimated that the proposed levels could reduce the dietary（饮食的） exposure to lead for some young children by about 25 percent.However，according to the F.D.A.，even low levels of lead exposure in children can lead to "learning disabilities，behavior difficulties and lowered I.Q".
Lead is everywhere in the environment from decades of uncontrolled use in gasoline for cars，farm machinery，aircraft and paint，said Tracey Woodruff，a scientist at the University of California.
Mr.Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food."I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards，"he said.
11. What is the main idea of paragraph 3？ ______
A. The purposes of the guidelines.
B. The benefits of the guidelines.
C. The disadvantages of the guidelines.
D. The functions of the guidelines.
12. Why does the guideline disappoint Jane Houlihan？ ______
A. It aims at all kinds of poisonous metals.
B. It only focuses on reducing the amount of lead.
C. It fails to protect children from lead exposures.
D. It encourages farmers to deal with snacks with heavy metals.
13. What damage can low levels of lead in baby foods cause to children？ ______
A. Mental diseases. B. Lowered E.Q.
C. Food poisoning. D. Learning difficulties.
14. Which of the following best describes Mr.Faber's attitude towards the guideline？ ______
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Cautious. D. Unclear.
15. What change may the guideline bring directly according to the last paragraph？ ______
A. The way of farming.
B. The lifestyle of the farmers.
C. The supplies of food.
D. The management of the food companies.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Do you want to impress people with your words？Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom？（1） ______
● Read high-level journalism.
One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context.（2） ______ Publications such as the New York Times，The Economist，The New Yorker，and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English.
●（3） ______
Your impressive words will not arouse your friends' interest if you don't sound comfortable using them.Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible.Remember to be yourself.By all means be the best，most impressive version of you，but stay you.
● Present confident body language.
About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication，such as body language and gestures.（4） ______ Stand straight.Don't swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures.Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness.Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking，and about 70% of the time when listening.
● Learn to read your audience.
One of the best ways to learn to read an audience is to watch and listen.A person who only listens to the sound of his own voice will not impress other people.Make sure to listen as well as speak.（5） ______ For example，don't assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports.
A.Practice until it comes naturally.
B.Practice the conversation to keep it active.
C.Here are some tips to amaze your audiences.
D.Don't make assumptions about your audience.
E.In order to delight your audience，you should express confidence when you speak.
F.To impress people，you must know how to recognize opportunities where you can be wise.
G.Reading newspapers will expose you to new vocabulary and inform you about the world.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
For three years in the 1980s，my father had an ongoing legal case in Oregon.He often returned to New York with two things：a dad joke and a tiny spoon （1） ______ in the gift shop of an airport.We had always been （2） ______ since my parents separated.But （3） ______ were always arriving – souvenirs I wanted badly，almost as badly as I wanted to be alongside my father on his （4） ______ .
I would like to imagine that through （5） ______ from friends and family，the meaning of travel was （6） ______ .Perhaps children like me are always waiting at home for their spoons to arrive，and for the world to display itself through the （7） ______ of those spoons.I felt that these spoons showed a level of art that other souvenirs couldn't （8） ______ .
My father retired at 54 with the （9） ______ of traveling the world.However，he died of cancer at 57.In the final weeks of his life，I asked him about the places on his bucket list （遗愿清单）.By then，we both knew that he would not （10） ______ to see the impressive sea of New Zealand.Not long after his death，I （11） ______ a solo flight to Auckland– a （12） ______ he had shown me on the computer.I brought his ashes with me.I did not buy a spoon.
After seeing my spoons，my son has been （13） ______ about collecting spoons and he likes to look at the collection much the way that I did：not as a mark of where he has already been，but as a mark of where my father have （14） ______ transported him.They're a way of keeping my father （15） ______ in the eyes of a grandson he never met.
21. A. presented B. provided C. bought D. exhibited
22. A. together B. apart C. close D. distant
23. A. spoons B. jokes C. mails D. calls
24. A. feet B. journeys C. flights D. lists
25. A. gifts B. greetings C. photos D. smiles
26. A. put away B. taken up C. carried on D. brought out
27. A. picture B. trick C. magic D. mystery
28. A. match B. possess C. buy D. process
29. A. request B. intention C. result D. help
30. A. choose B. dare C. live D. refuse
31. A. missed B. booked C. delayed D. cancelled
32. A. home B. magazine C. secret D. destination
33. A. crazy B. confused C. cautious D. concerned
34. A. eventually B. causally C. indirectly D. unluckily
35. A. active B. creative C. attractive D. alive
四、单句语法填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
36. It is ______ （essence） that people should care one another when a disaster hits.
37. A stable job offers one a sense of ______ （secure），especially in today's highly competitive society.
38. The singer is regarded as a ______ （ represent） of the youth of her generation.
39. Children，when ______ （accompany） by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
40. The advice we receive can be ______ （ contradict） sometimes and we have to make decisions for ourselves.
41. ______ （ expose） to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin. （所给词的适当形式填空）
42. The company has donated 1 million dollars， ______ （ fund） the project of promoting tourism in the region.
43. The newly-introduced machine，which is quite ______ （ economic） designed，has received widespread popularity.
44. Michael noticed the little boy spinning the basketball around to keep himself ______ （ entertain）.
45. The best time to visit the place is spring when the temperature is at its ______ （ mild）.
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
46. The Yellow River is not just a long and winding icon of China，but also a symbol of the Chinese spirit.As the second（1） ______ （ long） river in China，it flows from west to east through nine provinces and autonomous regions.The river（2） ______ （admire） by great poets and artists for thousands of years，（3） ______ their words and melodies telling of the spirit of the Yellow River and Chinese people.
The Yangtze River Protection Law，taking effect on March 1，2021，ensures that people can benefit from it for centuries（4） ______ （ come）.For example，Dongying，a city in Shandong Province，is now making use of its ecological（5） ______ （resource） including wetland bird habitats and other unique river landscapes to transform（6） ______ （ it） into a tourism destination focusing on Yellow River culture.
In 2021，visitors made 16.46 million trips to Dongying，（ 7） ______ （generate） tourism revenue （税收）of 17.11 billion yuan.One hot spot in the city，especially after the sun sets，is the Yellow River Fair，（8） ______ open-air market which attracts visitors from home and abroad.
In Dongying，（9） ______ the Yellow River flows into the Bohai Sea，tourists can enjoy the extraordinary scenery.Moreover，they may also gain more insight into the Chinese concept of green civilization （文明）（10） ______ see the Yellow River's evolution from a "disaster river"to a "stream of good luck".
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、句子翻译（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
47. 悲痛欲绝祝英台跳进了坟墓。（be overcome with） ______
48. 他的小说使我们得以深入了解十九世纪中国的生活风貌。（an insight into） ______
49. 我要努力学习，决不辜负父母的期望。（live up to one's expectations） ______
50. 我们提倡在公共场所禁止抽烟。（advocate doing） ______
51. 我突然意识到人类对地球造成了很大的破坏。（it occurs to sb that） ______
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
52. 《21世纪英文报》是面向中学生的知名英文媒体，现在正在招聘兼职记者。假如你是新华中学的李华，给报社写一封自荐信。自荐信内容包括：
（1）表达愿望；
（2）胜任理由；
（3）恳请获准。
注意：
写作词数应为 100左右；
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm a student from Xinhua Middle School.___________
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】B、D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章My Brother Is Away （Sara Greenwood，illustrated by Luisa Uribe）部分的What does she say to her friends who have seen him on the news？And will he still love her？（她对在新闻上见过他的朋友说了什么？他还会爱她吗？）和Eyes that Kiss in the Corners部分的Focusing on a young girl who takes pride in her "eyes that kiss in the corner and glow like warm tea"，Joann a Ho's lyrical intergenerational story combines with Dung Ho's warm and often magical imagery to bring us a celebration on how we see the world-and how we see ourselves.（For ages 4 to 8）（乔安娜•何（Joann a Ho）的抒情跨理性故事聚焦于一个为自己"在角落里亲吻、像热茶一样发光的眼睛"而自豪的年轻女孩，结合邓浩（Dung Ho）温暖而又往往神奇的意象，为我们带来了一场关于我们如何看待世界以及我们如何看待自己的讨论。（适合4至8岁儿童））可知《My Brother Is Away 》和《Eyes that Kiss in the Corners》这两本书都通过一个女孩的眼睛讲述着故事。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章Listen to the Language of the Trees （Tera Kelly，illustrated by Marie Hermansson）部分的If you know about the "Wood Wide Web"，you know that trees communicate through the fungi （真菌） that connect their roots.（如果你知道"木材万维网"，你就知道树木通过连接它们根部的真菌进行交流。）可知《Listen to the Language of the Trees 》这本书最适合对科学感兴趣的孩子。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章Rez Dogs （Joseph Bruchac）部分的 When COVID-19 hits，Malian is visiting her grandparents.It is in Malian's grandparents' stories that she learns how the people of her native community have always taken care of one another（当新冠肺炎来袭时，玛莲正在拜访她的祖父母。正是在马莉安的祖父母的故事中，她了解到她的家乡社区的人们总是互相照顾）可知《雷兹狗》这本书有与疫情有关的图片。故选C。
（4）目的意图题。根据文章第一段Want to read a perfect children's book？Explore some recommendations from trusted critics（想看一本完美的童书？探索一些值得信赖的评论家的建议）可知本文的目的是推荐一些儿童读物。故选A。
（5）文章出处题。根据文章第一段Want to read a perfect children's book？Explore some recommendations from trusted critics（想看一本完美的童书？探索一些值得信赖的评论家的建议）可知本文推荐了一些儿童读物。说明文章应该出自一本杂志上。A.A research paper.一篇研究论文；B.A magazine.一本杂志；C.A literature review.文献综述；D.A travel journal.旅游杂志。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一些儿童读物。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
6~10.【答案】B、D、C、A、A
【解析】（1）猜测词义题。根据文章第一段Ida Keeling's daughter，Cheryl，a lifelong athlete，thought that maybe what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud was something that would get her pumping again.She suggested a run.Not just a jog around the block，but an official run.（艾达•基林的女儿谢丽尔是一名终身运动员，她认为也许能让母亲走出阴霾的东西会让她重新振作起来。她建议跑步。不仅仅是在街区附近的一次巡逻，而是一次正式的跑步。）可知get her pumping的意思是"让她充满活力"。A.Free her from great pressure.让她摆脱巨大的压力；B.Fill her with life and energy .让她充满活力；C.Equip her with self-confidence.让她充满自信；D.Remind her of her problems.提醒她她的问题。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段She had lost her husband early to a heart attack，and two of her four children -both of her sons- died in unsolved drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.（她很早就因心脏病失去了丈夫，四个孩子中的两个---她的两个儿子---分别在1978年和1981年死于与毒品有关的悬案。）可知因为失去了丈夫和儿子，基林患上了严重抑郁症。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段She hasn't stopped running since，and it's no longer the tough work it was during that first meet.Since then，the small Keeling has set records for 60 meters in the 95-to-99 age group，and in 100 meters for the over-100 group.（从那以后，她就没有停止过跑步，这不再像第一次见面时那样艰难。从那以后，小基林在95岁至99岁年龄组中创造了60米的记录，在100岁以上年龄组中创造了100米的记录。）可知尽可能地锻炼有助于Keeling在她很老的时候创下记录。故选C。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段When she's not running，she's working out.She's in the gym three to four days a week，running on tread-mills（跑步机），working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike，and even squeezing in some squats （深蹲） while she's cooking.Part of her health y diet is occasional brandy wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid circulation （血液循环）.（当她不跑步的时候，她在锻炼。她每周有三到四天在健身房，在跑步机上跑步，进行举重锻炼，在健身车上踩踏板，甚至在做饭的时候做一些下蹲运动。她健康饮食的一部分是偶尔将白兰地酒与咖啡或水混合以促进血液循环。）可知A.Athletic and strong-willed.体格健壮，意志坚强的；B.Caring and sport-loving.有爱心，热爱运动的；C.Modest and hard-working.谦虚勤奋的；D.Humorous and out-going.幽默外向的。故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down：Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.Her philosophy is also suitable for a runner： "Every day is another day forward."（她写了一本关于自己经历的书，名为《什么都不能打倒我：在与时间的赛跑中追逐自己》。她的哲学也适合跑步者："每一天都是新的一天。"）可知本文的最佳标题是A.Run forward .向前跑。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了艾达•基林的女儿谢丽尔是一名终身运动员，她认为也许能让母亲走出阴霾的东西会让她重新振作起来。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
11~15.【答案】C、C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第三段The new limits，aimed at foods for children under 2，do not deal with grain-based snacks that have also been found to contain high levels of heavy metals.And they do not limit other metals，like cadmium，which the agency and many consumer groups have found in baby foods in previous years.（新的限制针对两岁以下儿童的食品，不包括被发现含有高含量重金属的谷物零食。他们不限制其他金属，如镉，该机构和许多消费者团体前几年在婴儿食品中发现了镉。）可知第三段的中心思想是指南的缺点。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Jane Houlihan，research director for Healthy Babies Bright Futures，a nonprofit，called the guidelines disappointing. "It doesn't go far enough to protect babies from neurodevelopmental （神经发育的） damage from lead exposures，"she said."Lead is in almost every baby food we've tested，and the action levels that F.D.A.has set will influence almost none of that food."（非营利组织"健康婴儿光明未来"的研究主任简•霍利汉称该指南令人失望。"这不足以保护婴儿免受铅暴露对神经发育的损害，"她说。"我们检测的几乎所有婴儿食品中都含有铅，食品及药物管理局设定的行动水平几乎不会影响任何一种食品。"）可知该指南令简•霍利汉失望，因为它未能保护儿童免受铅暴露。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段However，according to the F.D.A.，even low levels of lead exposure in children can lead to "learning disabilities，behavior difficulties and lowered I.Q".（然而，根据食品和药物管理局的说法，即使儿童接触少量的铅也会导致"学习障碍、行为困难和智商下降"。）可知婴儿食品中铅含量低导致儿童学习困难。故选D。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Mr.Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food."I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards，"he said.（Faber先生说，新的指导方针将促使食品公司鼓励供应商改变他们的耕作方式，以降低食品中的含铅量。"我认为，过去的历史表明，农民和食品公司能够很快改变他们种植和加工这些成分的方式，以满足更严格的标准，"他说。）可知费伯先生对该准则的态度是积极的。故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Mr.Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food."I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards，"he said.（Faber先生说，新的指导方针将促使食品公司鼓励供应商改变他们的耕作方式，以降低食品中的含铅量。"我认为，过去的历史表明，农民和食品公司能够很快改变他们种植和加工这些成分的方式，以满足更严格的标准，"他说。）可知该指导方针可能会直接改变耕作方式。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）在周二提出了婴儿食品中铅含量的最高限制，此前多年的研究显示，许多加工产品含有已知对婴儿健康构成风险的铅水平。新的限制针对2岁以下的儿童的食品，但并未涉及也被发现含有高水平重金属的谷物类零食，也未限制其他金属，如镉。然而，有非营利组织的研究主管表示，这些指南令人失望，因为它们并未足够保护婴儿免受铅暴露引发的神经发育损害。FDA估计，这些提议的水平可能会使一些幼儿的饮食暴露于铅的风险降低约25%。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】C、G、A、E、D
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Do you want to impress people with your words？Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom？（你想用你的语言给人留下深刻印象吗？你想成为聚会上谈吐总是充满智慧的人吗？）结合后文主要说明了让听众印象深刻的方法，故C.Here are some tips to amaze your audiences.（这里有一些技巧可以让你的听众大吃一惊。）填入空格处，可以承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context.（扩充词汇量的最好方法之一就是在上下文中接触生词和生词。）以及后文Publications such as the New York Times，The Economist，The New Yorker，and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English.（《纽约时报》、《经济学人》、《纽约客》和《卫报》等出版物都是极好的英语来源。）可知，本句是在建议阅读报纸来增加词汇量。故G.Reading newspapers will expose you to new vocabulary and inform you about the world.（读报纸可以让你接触到新词汇，让你了解这个世界。）符合语境，故选G。
（3）段落标题题。根据本段内容Your impressive words will not arouse your friends' interest if you don't sound comfortable using them.Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible.Remember to be yourself.By all means be the best，most impressive version of you，but stay you.（如果你说的话听起来不舒服，那么你给人留下深刻印象的话语就不会引起朋友的兴趣。尽可能多地练习使用新词汇。记住做你自己。尽你所能，做最好的，最令人印象深刻的自己，但仍然做你自己。）可知，后文提到"如果你说的话听起来不舒服，那么你给人留下深刻印象的话语就不会引起朋友的兴趣"，可知本段的主旨是通过练习来让对话更加自然，和让人舒适。故A.Practice until it comes naturally.（练习，直到它成为自然。）符合语境，故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication，such as body language and gestures.（大约70%的交流是通过非语言交流完成的，比如肢体语言和手势。）以及后文Stand straight.Don't swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures.Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness.Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking，and about 70% of the time when listening.（站直。不要疯狂地摇摆或匆忙地表达你的语言或手势。行动太快是紧张的表现。说话时大约50%的时间进行眼神交流，倾听时大约70%的时间进行眼神交流。）可知，上文提到了非语言交流的重要性，后文提到了站直等肢体语言，可知本句是在说明通过肢体语言来表现出自信。故E.In order to delight your audience，you should express confidence when you speak.（为了使你的听众高兴，你说话的时候应该表现出自信。）符合语境，故选E。
（5）联系下文题。根据后文For example，don't assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports.（例如，不要认为女人只想谈论购物，或者男人只想谈论体育。）可知，后文的例子表明不要对听众做假设，D选项中assumptions对应后文assume。故D.Don't make assumptions about your audience.（不要对你的听众做假设。）符合语境，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些让听众印象深刻的方法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】C、B、A、B、C、D、D、B、B、C、B、D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.presented赠与；B.provided提供；C.bought买；D.exhibited展览。根据空后in the gift shop of an airport可知一个在机场礼品店买的小勺子。故答案为C。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.together一起的；B.apart分开的；C.close近的；D.distant距离远的。根据下句since my parents separated可知自从我父母分开后，我们就一直分开。故答案为B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.spoons勺子；B.jokes玩笑；C.mails邮件；D.calls打电话。根据下句souvenirs I wanted badly，almost as badly as I wanted to be alongside my father on his （4）.可知但是勺子总是源源不断地送来---我非常想要的纪念品，就像我非常想在父亲的旅途中陪伴他一样。故答案为A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.feet脚；B.journeys旅行；C.flights航班；D.lists名单。根据后文By then，we both knew that he would not （10）to see the impressive sea of New Zealand.可知那时，我们都知道他不会活着看到令人印象深刻的新西兰海。说明父亲喜欢旅行，我非常想在父亲的旅途中陪伴他。故答案为B。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.gifts礼物；B.greetings打招呼；C.photos照片；D.smiles微笑。根据空后from friends and family可知我想通过朋友和家人的照片来想象。故答案为C。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put away收拾；B.taken up开始；C.carried on继续；D.brought out拿出来。旅行的意义被带了出来。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.picture图片；B.trick诡计；C.magic魔力；D.mystery神秘。根据下句I felt that these spoons showed a level of art that other souvenirs couldn't （8）.可知我觉得这些勺子展示了其他纪念品所不具备的艺术水平。说明也许像我这样的孩子总是在家里等待他们的勺子的到来，等待世界通过这些勺子的神秘来展示自己。故答案为D。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.match匹配；B.possess拥有；C.buy买；D.process处理。根据上句I felt that these spoons showed a level of art可知我觉得这些勺子展示了其他纪念品所不具备的艺术水平。故答案为B。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.request要求；B.intention打算；C.result结果；D.help帮助。根据空后of traveling the world.可知我父亲54岁退休，打算环游世界。故答案为B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.choose选择；B.dare敢；C.live居住；D.refuse拒绝。根据上句In the final weeks of his life，I asked him about the places on his bucket list （遗愿清单）.可知在他生命的最后几周，我问他遗愿清单上的位置。说明那时，我们都知道他不会活着看到令人印象深刻的新西兰海。故答案为C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.missed错过；B.booked预定；C.delayed推迟；D.cancelled取消。根据空后a solo flight to Auckland可知他去世后不久，我订了一张去奥克兰的机票。故答案为B。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.home家；B.magazine杂志；C.secret秘密；D.destination目的地。根据空后he had shown me on the computer可知他在电脑上给我展示的目的地。故答案为D。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crazy疯狂的；B.confused困惑的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.concerned关心的。根据下句he likes to look at the collection much the way that I did可知在看到我的勺子后，我的儿子疯狂地收集勺子，他喜欢像我一样看这些收藏品。故答案为A。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.eventually最后；B.causally有原因地；C.indirectly间接地；D.unluckily不幸地。根据下句They're a way of keeping my father （15）in the eyes of a grandson he never met.可知这是让我父亲在一个从未谋面的孙子眼中活下去的方法。说明作为我父亲间接把他带到哪里的标记。故答案为C。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.active积极的；B.creative创新的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.alive活着的。根据空后in the eyes of a grandson he never met可知这是让我父亲在一个从未谋面的孙子眼中活下去的方法。故答案为D。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与父亲的感情经历。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】essential
【解析】essence本质；根据It is可知空处使用形容词作表语，意为"必不可少的，非常重要的"。
故填：essential。
当灾难来袭时，人们应该互相关心，这是至关重要的。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
37.【答案】security
【解析】根据a sense of可知空处使用名词作宾语，表示"安全感"。
故填：security。
一份稳定的工作给人安全感，尤其是在当今竞争激烈的社会。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
38.【答案】representative
【解析】represent意为"代表"，是动词。分析句子可知，空白处作介词as的宾语，需要一个单数名词，由句意推知应使用representative表示"代表人物"。
故填：representative。
这位歌手被视为她这年轻一代的代表人物。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
39.【答案】accompanied
【解析】accompany"陪同"是动词，在when引导的时间状语从句中，省略了主语和be动词。accompany与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式accompanied。
故填：accompanied。
孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
40.【答案】contradictory
【解析】contradictory
我们收到的建议有时可能是矛盾的，我们必须自己做决定。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
41.【答案】Being exposed
【解析】句意：长时间暴露在阳光下会对你的皮肤造成伤害。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用动名词作主语，be exposed to意为"暴露于"。
故填：Being exposed。
长时间暴露在阳光下会对你的皮肤造成伤害。
单词填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
42.【答案】funding
【解析】found资助，此处与主语the company之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式作状语。
故填：funding。
该公司捐赠了100万美元，用于资助促进该地区旅游业的项目。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
43.【答案】economically
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词designed，要用副词作状语。
故填：economically。
这种新引进的机器设计很经济，受到了广泛的欢迎。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
44.【答案】entertained
【解析】entertain使有兴趣，使快乐，此处用于keep sb.adj.结构中，使用形容词作表语。
故填：entertained。
迈克尔注意到这个小男孩为了自娱自乐而旋转着篮球。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
45.【答案】mildest
【解析】参观这个地方的最佳时间是春天，那时气温最温和。
mildest
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
46.【答案】【小题1】longest
【小题2】has been admired
【小题3】with
【小题4】to come
【小题5】resources
【小题6】itself
【小题7】generating
【小题8】an
【小题9】when
【小题10】to see
【解析】（1）考查最高级。句意：它是中国第二大河，自西向东流经九个省和自治区。根据the second可知此处是"序数词+最高级"形式。故填longest。
（2）考查时态和语态。句意：几千年来，伟大的诗人和艺术家都对黄河赞不绝口，他们的文字和旋律讲述着黄河和中国人民的精神。根据for thousands of years可知时态为完成时；admire和river之间是动宾关系，使用被动语态。故填has been admired。
（3）考查介词。句意：几千年来，伟大的诗人和艺术家都对黄河赞不绝口，他们的文字和旋律讲述着黄河和中国人民的精神。分析句子结构可知此处是with复合结构作状语。故填with。
（4）考查不定式。句意：《长江保护法》将于2021年3月1日生效，确保人们在未来几个世纪都能从中受益。根据句意可知此处使用不定式作定语修饰centuries。故填to come。
（5）考查名词。句意：例如，山东省东营市正在利用其生态资源，包括湿地鸟类栖息地和其他独特的河流景观，将自己转变为一个以黄河文化为重点的旅游目的地。根据including wetland bird habitats and other unique river landscapes可知此处不止一种资源，名词使用复数形式。故填resources。
（6）考查代词。句意：例如，山东省东营市正在利用其生态资源，包括湿地鸟类栖息地和其他独特的河流景观，将自己转变为一个以黄河文化为重点的旅游目的地。根据句意可知此处指的是将自己变成旅游目的地，使用反身代词。故填itself。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：2021年，东营接待游客1646万人次，创造旅游收入171.1亿元。分析句子结构可知空处使用非谓语作状语；generate和主语之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式。故填generating。
（8）考查冠词。句意：这座城市的一个热点，尤其是日落后，是黄河集市，这是一个吸引国内外游客的露天市场。根据句意可知此处泛指一个市场，open是以元音音素开头。故填an。
（9）考查连词。句意：在东营，当黄河流入渤海时，游客可以欣赏到非凡的风景。根据句意可知此处表示"当……时"。故填when。
（10）考查不定式。句意：此外，他们也可以更深入地了解中国的绿色文明理念，看到黄河从"灾难之河"到"好运之流"的演变。根据句意可知此处使用不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黄河的历史发展。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
47.【答案】Overcome with sorrow，Zhu Yingtai jumps into the grave.
【解析】jump into跳进了，为动词短语，祝英台跳进了坟墓Zhu Yingtai jumps into the grave，时态为一般现在时；overcome克服，战胜，为动词，be overcome with为……所制服，压倒，悲痛欲绝Overcome with sorrow为过去分词作状语，句首单词的首字母要大写。
故填：Overcome with sorrow，Zhu Yingtai jumps into the grave.
悲痛欲绝祝英台跳进了坟墓。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
48.【答案】His novels offer us an insight into life in China in the 19th century.
【解析】an insight into对……的深入了解，为名词短语，他的小说使我们得以深入了解生活风貌His novels offer us an insight into life，时态为一般现在时，句首单词的首字母要大写，十九世纪中国的in China in the 19th century为介词短语。
故填：His novels offer us an insight into life in China in the 19th century.
他的小说使我们得以深入了解十九世纪中国的生活风貌。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
49.【答案】I will study hard and live up to my parents' expectations.
【解析】我要努力学习I will study hard，用一般将来时；live up to one's expectations不辜负某人的期望，为动词短语，决不辜负父母的期望live up to my parents' expectations，连词and连接两个并列动词study和live，情态动词will后均用动词原形。
故填：I will study hard and live up to my parents' expectations.
我要努力学习，决不辜负父母的期望。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
50.【答案】We advocate banning smoking in public places.
【解析】禁止抽烟ban smoking，在公共场所in public places为介词短语作地点状语；我们提倡We advocate，表示客观事实时态为一般现在时，句首单词的首字母要大写，提倡做某事advocate doing sth.，为动词短语，动词advocate后接动名词作宾语，动词ban用动名词形式banning。
故填：We advocate banning smoking in public places.
我们提倡在公共场所禁止抽烟。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
51.【答案】It occurs to me that man has done a lot of damage to the earth.
【解析】it occurs to sb that某人突然想到，为固定短语，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，it置于句首首字母要大写；人类对地球造成了很大的破坏man has done a lot of damage to the earth，时态为现在完成时，do damage to...对……造成破坏，为动词短语。
故填：It occurs to me that man has done a lot of damage to the earth.
我突然意识到人类对地球造成了很大的破坏。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
52.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm a student from Xinhua Middle School.Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter，I'm very happy to write to you in the hope that I would have the chance to join in you.【高分句型一】I am sure I'll be the most suitable person.（表达愿望）
To begin with，please allow me to briefly introduce myself.My name is Li Hua，a senior one student with a good command of English.What's the most important is that I am friendly and I am good at communicating with others，which I think will help me to be a good reporter.【高分句型二】Besides，I was once a reporter in my school newspaper.If I'm lucky enough to be accepted，I'll try my best to prove I'm the very person you are looking for.（胜任理由）
Thank you for your consideration.I'm looking forward to your early reply.（恳请获准）
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter，I'm very happy to write to you in the hope that I would have the chance to join in you.
译文：知道你需要一名兼职英语记者，我很高兴写信给你，希望有机会加入你的行列。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter作状语，that引导的同位语从句。
高分句型二：What's the most important is that I am friendly and I am good at communicating with others，which I think will help me to be a good reporter.
译文：最重要的是，我很友好，善于与他人交流，我认为这将有助于我成为一名优秀的记者。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年江苏省无锡市高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Want to read a perfect children's book？Explore some recommendations from trusted critics.My Brother Is Away （Sara Greenwood，illustrated by Luisa Uribe）
It's never easy to explain that a family member is kept in prison，and it can be especially hard for children.This touching book draws on the author's own childhood to tell the story of a young girl whose brother is in prison.What does she say to her friends who have seen him on the news？And will he still love her？A gentle and hopeful story for kids about very adult situations and complex feelings.（For ages 5 to 8）
Eyes that Kiss in the Corners （Joanna Ho，illustrated by Dung Ho）
This book is brilliantly written because it focuses both on how the characters' eyes look and on how they see.Focusing on a young girl who takes pride in her "eyes that kiss in the corner and glow like warm tea"，Joann a Ho's lyrical intergenerational story combines with Dung Ho's warm and often magical imagery to bring us a celebration on how we see the world-and how we see ourselves.（For ages 4 to 8）
Rez Dogs （Joseph Bruchac）
When COVID-19 hits，Malian is visiting her grandparents.It is in Malian's grandparents' stories that she learns how the people of her native community have always taken care of one another.Written in poetry，this book shows us the pandemic through a child's eyes and helps remind us that responsibility and caring for one another is something we all can do.（For ages 8 to 12）
Listen to the Language of the Trees （Tera Kelly，illustrated by Marie Hermansson）
If you know about the "Wood Wide Web"，you know that trees communicate through the fungi （真菌） that connect their roots.Still，did you know how they support one another with extra food？How they can tell their offspring（后代） apart from other trees？How they can warn other trees when insects attack？Then，consider this outstanding book for kids on the topic.（For ages 4 to 8）
1. What do My Brother Is Away and Eyes that Kiss in the Corners have in common？ ______
A. They both reveal complex feelings.
B. They both tell stories through a girl's eyes.
C. They are intended for children of same age.
D. They both focus on children's responsibility.
2. Which book best suits children who are interested in science？ ______
A. Rez Dogs.
B. Eyes that Kiss in the Corners.
C. My Brother Is Away .
D. Listen to the Language of the Trees.
3. What can we learn about the book Rez Dogs？ ______
A. It may attract pre-school children.
B. It is written in the form of a poem.
C. It has pictures related to the pandemic.
D. It mainly covers global pandemics.
4. What is the purpose of the text？ ______
A. To recommend some children's books.
B. To introduce some famous writers.
C. To offer some children's book reviews.
D. To advertise some children's books.
5. Where is the text probably taken from？ ______
A. A research paper. B. A magazine.
C. A literature review. D. A travel journal.
B
Ida Keeling's daughter，Cheryl，a lifelong athlete，thought that maybe what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud was something that would get her pumping again.She suggested a run.Not just a jog around the block，but an official run.At the time，Ida Keeling was 67.
Keeling had grown up poor in Harlem，and had done hard work in factories.She had lost her husband early to a heart attack，and two of her four children -both of her sons- died in unsolved drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.
Keeling had sunk into a deep depression （消沉），and her health had begun to slide.Her daughters began to worry that they soon might be losing their mother as well.
It had been decades since Keeling had done any running，and she would later recall that first "mini-run"feeling as if it would never end.But when it did， "I just threw off all my bad memories."
She hasn't stopped running since，and it's no longer the tough work it was during that first meet.Since then，the small Keeling has set records for 60 meters in the 95-to-99 age group，and in 100 meters for the over-100 group.
"I was just exercising，"she says regarding that first run，"and now I'm all over the world."
When she's not running，she's working out.She's in the gym three to four days a week，running on tread-mills（跑步机），working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike，and even squeezing in some squats （深蹲） while she's cooking.Part of her health y diet is occasional brandy wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid circulation （血液循环）.
She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down：Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.Her philosophy is also suitable for a runner： "Every day is another day forward."
6. What do the underlined words"get her pumping"mean in paragraph 1？ ______
A. Free her from great pressure. B. Fill her with life and energy .
C. Equip her with self-confidence. D. Remind her of her problems.
7. Why did Keeling suffer from a deep depression？ ______
A. She had grown up poor.
B. She had done hard work.
C. She had been in poor health.
D. She had lost her husband and sons.
8. What contributes to Keeling's setting records when she is very old？ ______
A. Travelling around the world. B. The mini-run experience.
C. Working out whenever possible. D. Brandy wine mixed with coffee.
9. Which of the following can best describe Keeling？ ______
A. Athletic and strong-willed. B. Caring and sport-loving.
C. Modest and hard-working. D. Humorous and out-going.
10. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Run forward . B. Never too old to learn.
C. Live healthily . D. Never give up hope in life.
C
The Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday proposed maximum limits for the amount of lead （铅） in baby foods，after years of studies revealed that many processed products contained levels known to pose a risk to baby health.
"This is really important progress for babies，"said Scott Faber，vice president of public affairs for the Environmental Working Group，a nonprofit organization that had advised the agency（机构） to take action to remove metals from foods. "We were thankful that F.D.A.has made reducing poisonous metals in baby food a priority（优先事项）."
The new limits，aimed at foods for children under 2，do not deal with grain-based snacks that have also been found to contain high levels of heavy metals.And they do not limit other metals，like cadmium，which the agency and many consumer groups have found in baby foods in previous years.
Jane Houlihan，research director for Healthy Babies Bright Futures，a nonprofit，called the guidelines disappointing. "It doesn't go far enough to protect babies from neurodevelopmental （神经发育的） damage from lead exposures，"she said."Lead is in almost every baby food we've tested，and the action levels that F.D.A.has set will influence almost none of that food."
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has said there is no safe level of lead for children，who more readily absorb the heavy metal.
The agency estimated that the proposed levels could reduce the dietary（饮食的） exposure to lead for some young children by about 25 percent.However，according to the F.D.A.，even low levels of lead exposure in children can lead to "learning disabilities，behavior difficulties and lowered I.Q".
Lead is everywhere in the environment from decades of uncontrolled use in gasoline for cars，farm machinery，aircraft and paint，said Tracey Woodruff，a scientist at the University of California.
Mr.Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food."I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards，"he said.
11. What is the main idea of paragraph 3？ ______
A. The purposes of the guidelines.
B. The benefits of the guidelines.
C. The disadvantages of the guidelines.
D. The functions of the guidelines.
12. Why does the guideline disappoint Jane Houlihan？ ______
A. It aims at all kinds of poisonous metals.
B. It only focuses on reducing the amount of lead.
C. It fails to protect children from lead exposures.
D. It encourages farmers to deal with snacks with heavy metals.
13. What damage can low levels of lead in baby foods cause to children？ ______
A. Mental diseases. B. Lowered E.Q.
C. Food poisoning. D. Learning difficulties.
14. Which of the following best describes Mr.Faber's attitude towards the guideline？ ______
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Cautious. D. Unclear.
15. What change may the guideline bring directly according to the last paragraph？ ______
A. The way of farming.
B. The lifestyle of the farmers.
C. The supplies of food.
D. The management of the food companies.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Do you want to impress people with your words？Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom？（1） ______
● Read high-level journalism.
One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context.（2） ______ Publications such as the New York Times，The Economist，The New Yorker，and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English.
●（3） ______
Your impressive words will not arouse your friends' interest if you don't sound comfortable using them.Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible.Remember to be yourself.By all means be the best，most impressive version of you，but stay you.
● Present confident body language.
About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication，such as body language and gestures.（4） ______ Stand straight.Don't swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures.Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness.Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking，and about 70% of the time when listening.
● Learn to read your audience.
One of the best ways to learn to read an audience is to watch and listen.A person who only listens to the sound of his own voice will not impress other people.Make sure to listen as well as speak.（5） ______ For example，don't assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports.
A.Practice until it comes naturally.
B.Practice the conversation to keep it active.
C.Here are some tips to amaze your audiences.
D.Don't make assumptions about your audience.
E.In order to delight your audience，you should express confidence when you speak.
F.To impress people，you must know how to recognize opportunities where you can be wise.
G.Reading newspapers will expose you to new vocabulary and inform you about the world.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
For three years in the 1980s，my father had an ongoing legal case in Oregon.He often returned to New York with two things：a dad joke and a tiny spoon （1） ______ in the gift shop of an airport.We had always been （2） ______ since my parents separated.But （3） ______ were always arriving – souvenirs I wanted badly，almost as badly as I wanted to be alongside my father on his （4） ______ .
I would like to imagine that through （5） ______ from friends and family，the meaning of travel was （6） ______ .Perhaps children like me are always waiting at home for their spoons to arrive，and for the world to display itself through the （7） ______ of those spoons.I felt that these spoons showed a level of art that other souvenirs couldn't （8） ______ .
My father retired at 54 with the （9） ______ of traveling the world.However，he died of cancer at 57.In the final weeks of his life，I asked him about the places on his bucket list （遗愿清单）.By then，we both knew that he would not （10） ______ to see the impressive sea of New Zealand.Not long after his death，I （11） ______ a solo flight to Auckland– a （12） ______ he had shown me on the computer.I brought his ashes with me.I did not buy a spoon.
After seeing my spoons，my son has been （13） ______ about collecting spoons and he likes to look at the collection much the way that I did：not as a mark of where he has already been，but as a mark of where my father have （14） ______ transported him.They're a way of keeping my father （15） ______ in the eyes of a grandson he never met.
21. A. presented B. provided C. bought D. exhibited
22. A. together B. apart C. close D. distant
23. A. spoons B. jokes C. mails D. calls
24. A. feet B. journeys C. flights D. lists
25. A. gifts B. greetings C. photos D. smiles
26. A. put away B. taken up C. carried on D. brought out
27. A. picture B. trick C. magic D. mystery
28. A. match B. possess C. buy D. process
29. A. request B. intention C. result D. help
30. A. choose B. dare C. live D. refuse
31. A. missed B. booked C. delayed D. cancelled
32. A. home B. magazine C. secret D. destination
33. A. crazy B. confused C. cautious D. concerned
34. A. eventually B. causally C. indirectly D. unluckily
35. A. active B. creative C. attractive D. alive
四、单句语法填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
36. It is ______ （essence） that people should care one another when a disaster hits.
37. A stable job offers one a sense of ______ （secure），especially in today's highly competitive society.
38. The singer is regarded as a ______ （ represent） of the youth of her generation.
39. Children，when ______ （accompany） by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
40. The advice we receive can be ______ （ contradict） sometimes and we have to make decisions for ourselves.
41. ______ （ expose） to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin. （所给词的适当形式填空）
42. The company has donated 1 million dollars， ______ （ fund） the project of promoting tourism in the region.
43. The newly-introduced machine，which is quite ______ （ economic） designed，has received widespread popularity.
44. Michael noticed the little boy spinning the basketball around to keep himself ______ （ entertain）.
45. The best time to visit the place is spring when the temperature is at its ______ （ mild）.
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
46. The Yellow River is not just a long and winding icon of China，but also a symbol of the Chinese spirit.As the second（1） ______ （ long） river in China，it flows from west to east through nine provinces and autonomous regions.The river（2） ______ （admire） by great poets and artists for thousands of years，（3） ______ their words and melodies telling of the spirit of the Yellow River and Chinese people.
The Yangtze River Protection Law，taking effect on March 1，2021，ensures that people can benefit from it for centuries（4） ______ （ come）.For example，Dongying，a city in Shandong Province，is now making use of its ecological（5） ______ （resource） including wetland bird habitats and other unique river landscapes to transform（6） ______ （ it） into a tourism destination focusing on Yellow River culture.
In 2021，visitors made 16.46 million trips to Dongying，（ 7） ______ （generate） tourism revenue （税收）of 17.11 billion yuan.One hot spot in the city，especially after the sun sets，is the Yellow River Fair，（8） ______ open-air market which attracts visitors from home and abroad.
In Dongying，（9） ______ the Yellow River flows into the Bohai Sea，tourists can enjoy the extraordinary scenery.Moreover，they may also gain more insight into the Chinese concept of green civilization （文明）（10） ______ see the Yellow River's evolution from a "disaster river"to a "stream of good luck".
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、句子翻译（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
47. 悲痛欲绝祝英台跳进了坟墓。（be overcome with） ______
48. 他的小说使我们得以深入了解十九世纪中国的生活风貌。（an insight into） ______
49. 我要努力学习，决不辜负父母的期望。（live up to one's expectations） ______
50. 我们提倡在公共场所禁止抽烟。（advocate doing） ______
51. 我突然意识到人类对地球造成了很大的破坏。（it occurs to sb that） ______
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
52. 《21世纪英文报》是面向中学生的知名英文媒体，现在正在招聘兼职记者。假如你是新华中学的李华，给报社写一封自荐信。自荐信内容包括：
（1）表达愿望；
（2）胜任理由；
（3）恳请获准。
注意：
写作词数应为 100左右；
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm a student from Xinhua Middle School.___________
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】B、D、C、A、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章My Brother Is Away （Sara Greenwood，illustrated by Luisa Uribe）部分的What does she say to her friends who have seen him on the news？And will he still love her？（她对在新闻上见过他的朋友说了什么？他还会爱她吗？）和Eyes that Kiss in the Corners部分的Focusing on a young girl who takes pride in her "eyes that kiss in the corner and glow like warm tea"，Joann a Ho's lyrical intergenerational story combines with Dung Ho's warm and often magical imagery to bring us a celebration on how we see the world-and how we see ourselves.（For ages 4 to 8）（乔安娜•何（Joann a Ho）的抒情跨理性故事聚焦于一个为自己"在角落里亲吻、像热茶一样发光的眼睛"而自豪的年轻女孩，结合邓浩（Dung Ho）温暖而又往往神奇的意象，为我们带来了一场关于我们如何看待世界以及我们如何看待自己的讨论。（适合4至8岁儿童））可知《My Brother Is Away 》和《Eyes that Kiss in the Corners》这两本书都通过一个女孩的眼睛讲述着故事。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章Listen to the Language of the Trees （Tera Kelly，illustrated by Marie Hermansson）部分的If you know about the "Wood Wide Web"，you know that trees communicate through the fungi （真菌） that connect their roots.（如果你知道"木材万维网"，你就知道树木通过连接它们根部的真菌进行交流。）可知《Listen to the Language of the Trees 》这本书最适合对科学感兴趣的孩子。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章Rez Dogs （Joseph Bruchac）部分的 When COVID-19 hits，Malian is visiting her grandparents.It is in Malian's grandparents' stories that she learns how the people of her native community have always taken care of one another（当新冠肺炎来袭时，玛莲正在拜访她的祖父母。正是在马莉安的祖父母的故事中，她了解到她的家乡社区的人们总是互相照顾）可知《雷兹狗》这本书有与疫情有关的图片。故选C。
（4）目的意图题。根据文章第一段Want to read a perfect children's book？Explore some recommendations from trusted critics（想看一本完美的童书？探索一些值得信赖的评论家的建议）可知本文的目的是推荐一些儿童读物。故选A。
（5）文章出处题。根据文章第一段Want to read a perfect children's book？Explore some recommendations from trusted critics（想看一本完美的童书？探索一些值得信赖的评论家的建议）可知本文推荐了一些儿童读物。说明文章应该出自一本杂志上。A.A research paper.一篇研究论文；B.A magazine.一本杂志；C.A literature review.文献综述；D.A travel journal.旅游杂志。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一些儿童读物。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
6~10.【答案】B、D、C、A、A
【解析】（1）猜测词义题。根据文章第一段Ida Keeling's daughter，Cheryl，a lifelong athlete，thought that maybe what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud was something that would get her pumping again.She suggested a run.Not just a jog around the block，but an official run.（艾达•基林的女儿谢丽尔是一名终身运动员，她认为也许能让母亲走出阴霾的东西会让她重新振作起来。她建议跑步。不仅仅是在街区附近的一次巡逻，而是一次正式的跑步。）可知get her pumping的意思是"让她充满活力"。A.Free her from great pressure.让她摆脱巨大的压力；B.Fill her with life and energy .让她充满活力；C.Equip her with self-confidence.让她充满自信；D.Remind her of her problems.提醒她她的问题。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段She had lost her husband early to a heart attack，and two of her four children -both of her sons- died in unsolved drug-related incidents in 1978 and 1981.（她很早就因心脏病失去了丈夫，四个孩子中的两个---她的两个儿子---分别在1978年和1981年死于与毒品有关的悬案。）可知因为失去了丈夫和儿子，基林患上了严重抑郁症。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段She hasn't stopped running since，and it's no longer the tough work it was during that first meet.Since then，the small Keeling has set records for 60 meters in the 95-to-99 age group，and in 100 meters for the over-100 group.（从那以后，她就没有停止过跑步，这不再像第一次见面时那样艰难。从那以后，小基林在95岁至99岁年龄组中创造了60米的记录，在100岁以上年龄组中创造了100米的记录。）可知尽可能地锻炼有助于Keeling在她很老的时候创下记录。故选C。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段When she's not running，she's working out.She's in the gym three to four days a week，running on tread-mills（跑步机），working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike，and even squeezing in some squats （深蹲） while she's cooking.Part of her health y diet is occasional brandy wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid circulation （血液循环）.（当她不跑步的时候，她在锻炼。她每周有三到四天在健身房，在跑步机上跑步，进行举重锻炼，在健身车上踩踏板，甚至在做饭的时候做一些下蹲运动。她健康饮食的一部分是偶尔将白兰地酒与咖啡或水混合以促进血液循环。）可知A.Athletic and strong-willed.体格健壮，意志坚强的；B.Caring and sport-loving.有爱心，热爱运动的；C.Modest and hard-working.谦虚勤奋的；D.Humorous and out-going.幽默外向的。故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down：Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time.Her philosophy is also suitable for a runner： "Every day is another day forward."（她写了一本关于自己经历的书，名为《什么都不能打倒我：在与时间的赛跑中追逐自己》。她的哲学也适合跑步者："每一天都是新的一天。"）可知本文的最佳标题是A.Run forward .向前跑。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了艾达•基林的女儿谢丽尔是一名终身运动员，她认为也许能让母亲走出阴霾的东西会让她重新振作起来。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
11~15.【答案】C、C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第三段The new limits，aimed at foods for children under 2，do not deal with grain-based snacks that have also been found to contain high levels of heavy metals.And they do not limit other metals，like cadmium，which the agency and many consumer groups have found in baby foods in previous years.（新的限制针对两岁以下儿童的食品，不包括被发现含有高含量重金属的谷物零食。他们不限制其他金属，如镉，该机构和许多消费者团体前几年在婴儿食品中发现了镉。）可知第三段的中心思想是指南的缺点。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Jane Houlihan，research director for Healthy Babies Bright Futures，a nonprofit，called the guidelines disappointing. "It doesn't go far enough to protect babies from neurodevelopmental （神经发育的） damage from lead exposures，"she said."Lead is in almost every baby food we've tested，and the action levels that F.D.A.has set will influence almost none of that food."（非营利组织"健康婴儿光明未来"的研究主任简•霍利汉称该指南令人失望。"这不足以保护婴儿免受铅暴露对神经发育的损害，"她说。"我们检测的几乎所有婴儿食品中都含有铅，食品及药物管理局设定的行动水平几乎不会影响任何一种食品。"）可知该指南令简•霍利汉失望，因为它未能保护儿童免受铅暴露。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段However，according to the F.D.A.，even low levels of lead exposure in children can lead to "learning disabilities，behavior difficulties and lowered I.Q".（然而，根据食品和药物管理局的说法，即使儿童接触少量的铅也会导致"学习障碍、行为困难和智商下降"。）可知婴儿食品中铅含量低导致儿童学习困难。故选D。
（4）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Mr.Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food."I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards，"he said.（Faber先生说，新的指导方针将促使食品公司鼓励供应商改变他们的耕作方式，以降低食品中的含铅量。"我认为，过去的历史表明，农民和食品公司能够很快改变他们种植和加工这些成分的方式，以满足更严格的标准，"他说。）可知费伯先生对该准则的态度是积极的。故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Mr.Faber said the new guideline would cause food companies to encourage suppliers to change their farming practices to reduce the lead levels in food."I think that past history has shown that farmers and food companies are very quickly able to change how they grow and process these ingredients to meet tougher standards，"he said.（Faber先生说，新的指导方针将促使食品公司鼓励供应商改变他们的耕作方式，以降低食品中的含铅量。"我认为，过去的历史表明，农民和食品公司能够很快改变他们种植和加工这些成分的方式，以满足更严格的标准，"他说。）可知该指导方针可能会直接改变耕作方式。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）在周二提出了婴儿食品中铅含量的最高限制，此前多年的研究显示，许多加工产品含有已知对婴儿健康构成风险的铅水平。新的限制针对2岁以下的儿童的食品，但并未涉及也被发现含有高水平重金属的谷物类零食，也未限制其他金属，如镉。然而，有非营利组织的研究主管表示，这些指南令人失望，因为它们并未足够保护婴儿免受铅暴露引发的神经发育损害。FDA估计，这些提议的水平可能会使一些幼儿的饮食暴露于铅的风险降低约25%。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】C、G、A、E、D
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Do you want to impress people with your words？Do you want to be the person at parties whose conversation is always filled with wisdom？（你想用你的语言给人留下深刻印象吗？你想成为聚会上谈吐总是充满智慧的人吗？）结合后文主要说明了让听众印象深刻的方法，故C.Here are some tips to amaze your audiences.（这里有一些技巧可以让你的听众大吃一惊。）填入空格处，可以承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文One of the best ways to build your vocabulary is to meet new and difficult words in the context.（扩充词汇量的最好方法之一就是在上下文中接触生词和生词。）以及后文Publications such as the New York Times，The Economist，The New Yorker，and The Guardian are all excellent sources of English.（《纽约时报》、《经济学人》、《纽约客》和《卫报》等出版物都是极好的英语来源。）可知，本句是在建议阅读报纸来增加词汇量。故G.Reading newspapers will expose you to new vocabulary and inform you about the world.（读报纸可以让你接触到新词汇，让你了解这个世界。）符合语境，故选G。
（3）段落标题题。根据本段内容Your impressive words will not arouse your friends' interest if you don't sound comfortable using them.Practice using your new vocabulary as often as possible.Remember to be yourself.By all means be the best，most impressive version of you，but stay you.（如果你说的话听起来不舒服，那么你给人留下深刻印象的话语就不会引起朋友的兴趣。尽可能多地练习使用新词汇。记住做你自己。尽你所能，做最好的，最令人印象深刻的自己，但仍然做你自己。）可知，后文提到"如果你说的话听起来不舒服，那么你给人留下深刻印象的话语就不会引起朋友的兴趣"，可知本段的主旨是通过练习来让对话更加自然，和让人舒适。故A.Practice until it comes naturally.（练习，直到它成为自然。）符合语境，故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据上文About 70% of all communication is done through non-verbal communication，such as body language and gestures.（大约70%的交流是通过非语言交流完成的，比如肢体语言和手势。）以及后文Stand straight.Don't swing wildly or rush through your words or your gestures.Moving too quickly is a sign of nervousness.Make eye contact about 50% of the time when speaking，and about 70% of the time when listening.（站直。不要疯狂地摇摆或匆忙地表达你的语言或手势。行动太快是紧张的表现。说话时大约50%的时间进行眼神交流，倾听时大约70%的时间进行眼神交流。）可知，上文提到了非语言交流的重要性，后文提到了站直等肢体语言，可知本句是在说明通过肢体语言来表现出自信。故E.In order to delight your audience，you should express confidence when you speak.（为了使你的听众高兴，你说话的时候应该表现出自信。）符合语境，故选E。
（5）联系下文题。根据后文For example，don't assume that women will only want to discuss shopping or that men will only want to discuss sports.（例如，不要认为女人只想谈论购物，或者男人只想谈论体育。）可知，后文的例子表明不要对听众做假设，D选项中assumptions对应后文assume。故D.Don't make assumptions about your audience.（不要对你的听众做假设。）符合语境，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些让听众印象深刻的方法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】C、B、A、B、C、D、D、B、B、C、B、D、A、C、D
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.presented赠与；B.provided提供；C.bought买；D.exhibited展览。根据空后in the gift shop of an airport可知一个在机场礼品店买的小勺子。故答案为C。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.together一起的；B.apart分开的；C.close近的；D.distant距离远的。根据下句since my parents separated可知自从我父母分开后，我们就一直分开。故答案为B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.spoons勺子；B.jokes玩笑；C.mails邮件；D.calls打电话。根据下句souvenirs I wanted badly，almost as badly as I wanted to be alongside my father on his （4）.可知但是勺子总是源源不断地送来---我非常想要的纪念品，就像我非常想在父亲的旅途中陪伴他一样。故答案为A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.feet脚；B.journeys旅行；C.flights航班；D.lists名单。根据后文By then，we both knew that he would not （10）to see the impressive sea of New Zealand.可知那时，我们都知道他不会活着看到令人印象深刻的新西兰海。说明父亲喜欢旅行，我非常想在父亲的旅途中陪伴他。故答案为B。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.gifts礼物；B.greetings打招呼；C.photos照片；D.smiles微笑。根据空后from friends and family可知我想通过朋友和家人的照片来想象。故答案为C。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put away收拾；B.taken up开始；C.carried on继续；D.brought out拿出来。旅行的意义被带了出来。故答案为D。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.picture图片；B.trick诡计；C.magic魔力；D.mystery神秘。根据下句I felt that these spoons showed a level of art that other souvenirs couldn't （8）.可知我觉得这些勺子展示了其他纪念品所不具备的艺术水平。说明也许像我这样的孩子总是在家里等待他们的勺子的到来，等待世界通过这些勺子的神秘来展示自己。故答案为D。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.match匹配；B.possess拥有；C.buy买；D.process处理。根据上句I felt that these spoons showed a level of art可知我觉得这些勺子展示了其他纪念品所不具备的艺术水平。故答案为B。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.request要求；B.intention打算；C.result结果；D.help帮助。根据空后of traveling the world.可知我父亲54岁退休，打算环游世界。故答案为B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.choose选择；B.dare敢；C.live居住；D.refuse拒绝。根据上句In the final weeks of his life，I asked him about the places on his bucket list （遗愿清单）.可知在他生命的最后几周，我问他遗愿清单上的位置。说明那时，我们都知道他不会活着看到令人印象深刻的新西兰海。故答案为C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.missed错过；B.booked预定；C.delayed推迟；D.cancelled取消。根据空后a solo flight to Auckland可知他去世后不久，我订了一张去奥克兰的机票。故答案为B。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.home家；B.magazine杂志；C.secret秘密；D.destination目的地。根据空后he had shown me on the computer可知他在电脑上给我展示的目的地。故答案为D。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.crazy疯狂的；B.confused困惑的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.concerned关心的。根据下句he likes to look at the collection much the way that I did可知在看到我的勺子后，我的儿子疯狂地收集勺子，他喜欢像我一样看这些收藏品。故答案为A。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.eventually最后；B.causally有原因地；C.indirectly间接地；D.unluckily不幸地。根据下句They're a way of keeping my father （15）in the eyes of a grandson he never met.可知这是让我父亲在一个从未谋面的孙子眼中活下去的方法。说明作为我父亲间接把他带到哪里的标记。故答案为C。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.active积极的；B.creative创新的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.alive活着的。根据空后in the eyes of a grandson he never met可知这是让我父亲在一个从未谋面的孙子眼中活下去的方法。故答案为D。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与父亲的感情经历。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】essential
【解析】essence本质；根据It is可知空处使用形容词作表语，意为"必不可少的，非常重要的"。
故填：essential。
当灾难来袭时，人们应该互相关心，这是至关重要的。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
37.【答案】security
【解析】根据a sense of可知空处使用名词作宾语，表示"安全感"。
故填：security。
一份稳定的工作给人安全感，尤其是在当今竞争激烈的社会。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
38.【答案】representative
【解析】represent意为"代表"，是动词。分析句子可知，空白处作介词as的宾语，需要一个单数名词，由句意推知应使用representative表示"代表人物"。
故填：representative。
这位歌手被视为她这年轻一代的代表人物。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
39.【答案】accompanied
【解析】accompany"陪同"是动词，在when引导的时间状语从句中，省略了主语和be动词。accompany与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式accompanied。
故填：accompanied。
孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
40.【答案】contradictory
【解析】contradictory
我们收到的建议有时可能是矛盾的，我们必须自己做决定。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
41.【答案】Being exposed
【解析】句意：长时间暴露在阳光下会对你的皮肤造成伤害。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用动名词作主语，be exposed to意为"暴露于"。
故填：Being exposed。
长时间暴露在阳光下会对你的皮肤造成伤害。
单词填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
42.【答案】funding
【解析】found资助，此处与主语the company之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式作状语。
故填：funding。
该公司捐赠了100万美元，用于资助促进该地区旅游业的项目。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
43.【答案】economically
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词designed，要用副词作状语。
故填：economically。
这种新引进的机器设计很经济，受到了广泛的欢迎。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
44.【答案】entertained
【解析】entertain使有兴趣，使快乐，此处用于keep sb.adj.结构中，使用形容词作表语。
故填：entertained。
迈克尔注意到这个小男孩为了自娱自乐而旋转着篮球。
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
45.【答案】mildest
【解析】参观这个地方的最佳时间是春天，那时气温最温和。
mildest
考查词性转换，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，根据提示确定所填单词词性，然后根据句意并仔细分析句子结构，根据相应的语法知识对所给单词进行正确变形。
46.【答案】【小题1】longest
【小题2】has been admired
【小题3】with
【小题4】to come
【小题5】resources
【小题6】itself
【小题7】generating
【小题8】an
【小题9】when
【小题10】to see
【解析】（1）考查最高级。句意：它是中国第二大河，自西向东流经九个省和自治区。根据the second可知此处是"序数词+最高级"形式。故填longest。
（2）考查时态和语态。句意：几千年来，伟大的诗人和艺术家都对黄河赞不绝口，他们的文字和旋律讲述着黄河和中国人民的精神。根据for thousands of years可知时态为完成时；admire和river之间是动宾关系，使用被动语态。故填has been admired。
（3）考查介词。句意：几千年来，伟大的诗人和艺术家都对黄河赞不绝口，他们的文字和旋律讲述着黄河和中国人民的精神。分析句子结构可知此处是with复合结构作状语。故填with。
（4）考查不定式。句意：《长江保护法》将于2021年3月1日生效，确保人们在未来几个世纪都能从中受益。根据句意可知此处使用不定式作定语修饰centuries。故填to come。
（5）考查名词。句意：例如，山东省东营市正在利用其生态资源，包括湿地鸟类栖息地和其他独特的河流景观，将自己转变为一个以黄河文化为重点的旅游目的地。根据including wetland bird habitats and other unique river landscapes可知此处不止一种资源，名词使用复数形式。故填resources。
（6）考查代词。句意：例如，山东省东营市正在利用其生态资源，包括湿地鸟类栖息地和其他独特的河流景观，将自己转变为一个以黄河文化为重点的旅游目的地。根据句意可知此处指的是将自己变成旅游目的地，使用反身代词。故填itself。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：2021年，东营接待游客1646万人次，创造旅游收入171.1亿元。分析句子结构可知空处使用非谓语作状语；generate和主语之间是主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式。故填generating。
（8）考查冠词。句意：这座城市的一个热点，尤其是日落后，是黄河集市，这是一个吸引国内外游客的露天市场。根据句意可知此处泛指一个市场，open是以元音音素开头。故填an。
（9）考查连词。句意：在东营，当黄河流入渤海时，游客可以欣赏到非凡的风景。根据句意可知此处表示"当……时"。故填when。
（10）考查不定式。句意：此外，他们也可以更深入地了解中国的绿色文明理念，看到黄河从"灾难之河"到"好运之流"的演变。根据句意可知此处使用不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黄河的历史发展。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
47.【答案】Overcome with sorrow，Zhu Yingtai jumps into the grave.
【解析】jump into跳进了，为动词短语，祝英台跳进了坟墓Zhu Yingtai jumps into the grave，时态为一般现在时；overcome克服，战胜，为动词，be overcome with为……所制服，压倒，悲痛欲绝Overcome with sorrow为过去分词作状语，句首单词的首字母要大写。
故填：Overcome with sorrow，Zhu Yingtai jumps into the grave.
悲痛欲绝祝英台跳进了坟墓。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
48.【答案】His novels offer us an insight into life in China in the 19th century.
【解析】an insight into对……的深入了解，为名词短语，他的小说使我们得以深入了解生活风貌His novels offer us an insight into life，时态为一般现在时，句首单词的首字母要大写，十九世纪中国的in China in the 19th century为介词短语。
故填：His novels offer us an insight into life in China in the 19th century.
他的小说使我们得以深入了解十九世纪中国的生活风貌。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
49.【答案】I will study hard and live up to my parents' expectations.
【解析】我要努力学习I will study hard，用一般将来时；live up to one's expectations不辜负某人的期望，为动词短语，决不辜负父母的期望live up to my parents' expectations，连词and连接两个并列动词study和live，情态动词will后均用动词原形。
故填：I will study hard and live up to my parents' expectations.
我要努力学习，决不辜负父母的期望。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
50.【答案】We advocate banning smoking in public places.
【解析】禁止抽烟ban smoking，在公共场所in public places为介词短语作地点状语；我们提倡We advocate，表示客观事实时态为一般现在时，句首单词的首字母要大写，提倡做某事advocate doing sth.，为动词短语，动词advocate后接动名词作宾语，动词ban用动名词形式banning。
故填：We advocate banning smoking in public places.
我们提倡在公共场所禁止抽烟。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
51.【答案】It occurs to me that man has done a lot of damage to the earth.
【解析】it occurs to sb that某人突然想到，为固定短语，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，it置于句首首字母要大写；人类对地球造成了很大的破坏man has done a lot of damage to the earth，时态为现在完成时，do damage to...对……造成破坏，为动词短语。
故填：It occurs to me that man has done a lot of damage to the earth.
我突然意识到人类对地球造成了很大的破坏。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
52.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm a student from Xinhua Middle School.Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter，I'm very happy to write to you in the hope that I would have the chance to join in you.【高分句型一】I am sure I'll be the most suitable person.（表达愿望）
To begin with，please allow me to briefly introduce myself.My name is Li Hua，a senior one student with a good command of English.What's the most important is that I am friendly and I am good at communicating with others，which I think will help me to be a good reporter.【高分句型二】Besides，I was once a reporter in my school newspaper.If I'm lucky enough to be accepted，I'll try my best to prove I'm the very person you are looking for.（胜任理由）
Thank you for your consideration.I'm looking forward to your early reply.（恳请获准）
Yours sincerely， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter，I'm very happy to write to you in the hope that I would have the chance to join in you.
译文：知道你需要一名兼职英语记者，我很高兴写信给你，希望有机会加入你的行列。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter作状语，that引导的同位语从句。
高分句型二：What's the most important is that I am friendly and I am good at communicating with others，which I think will help me to be a good reporter.
译文：最重要的是，我很友好，善于与他人交流，我认为这将有助于我成为一名优秀的记者。
分析：这句话使用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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