新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习52语法填空+阅读理解

这是一份新高考2024版高考英语一轮复习微专题小练习练习52语法填空+阅读理解，共6页。
The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety 3.________ (address) the pening ceremny. “As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day, the birthplace f tea and the 4.________ (large) tea­prducing cuntry, China has a 5.________ (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry. It can help t build a cmmunity with a 6.________ (share) future fr mankind，” he said.
The “First Internatinal Tea Day Tea Rad Cperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremny calls fr peple wrking in the tea industry t cme tgether t prmte internatinal cperatin 7.________ cultural exchanges. A fur­year tea prmtin—Tea Rad Cperative Plan—was als issued in accrdance with the initiative.
8．________ (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, 9.________ (invite) twenty­nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty­six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening 10.________ (it) first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu'er Tea.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Many wners f electric cars have wished fr a battery pack that culd pwer their vehicle fr mre than a thusand miles n a single charge. Researchers have develped a lithium­air battery that culd make that dream a reality. The new battery design culd als ne day pwer airplanes and trucks. The main new cmpnent in this lithium­air battery is a slid electrlyte (电解质) instead f the usual liquid variety.
Batteries with slid electrlytes are nt subject t safety prblems with the liquid electrlytes used in lithium­in and ther battery types, which can verheat and catch fire. Mre imprtantly, the slid electrlyte can ptentially bst the energy fur times, which translates int lnger driving range.
Fr ver a decade, scientists have been wrking vertime t develp a lithium (锂) battery that makes use f the xygen in air. The lithium­air battery has the highest energy f any battery technlgy being cnsidered fr the next generatin f batteries beynd lithium­in.
The new slid electrlyte is cmpsed f a material made frm relatively inexpensive elements, cmpared with the past designs. Besides, the chemical reactin in lithium­in nly invlves ne r tw electrns stred per xygen mlecule (分子), while that fr the lithium­air battery invlves fur electrns. Mre electrns stred means higher energy.
The new design is the first lithium­air battery that has achieved a fur­electrn reactin at rm temperature. It als perates with xygen supplied by air frm the surrunding envirnment. The capability t run with air avids the need fr xygen tanks t perate, a prblem with earlier designs.
“With further develpment, we expect ur new design fr the lithium­air battery t reach a recrd f 1，200 watt­hurs per kilgram，” said Curtiss, a researcher. “That is nearly fur times better than lithium­in batteries.”
1．What cntributes mst t the lithium­air battery?
A．Lithium­in. B．Oxygen mlecules.
C．Slid electrlytes. D．Liquid cmpnents.
2．What's the prblem with lithium­in batteries?
A．They burn easily if verheated.
B．They are unsafe in prductin.
C．They damage the envirnment.
D．They require lnger charging time.
3．Hw des the authr rganize Paragraph 4?
A．By giving examples.
B．By making cmparisns.
C．By presenting statistics.
D．By analyzing cause and effect.
4．What is the best title f the text?
A．Hw Lithium­air Batteries Wrk
B．What Will Be Used t Pwer Airplanes
C．Electric Cars Are Becming Mre Ppular
D．New Batteries Offer Lnger Driving Range
B
Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the turists frm arund the wrld that fld int Yellwstne Natinal Park what they mst hpe t see, and their answer is ften the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re­ccupying large areas f their frmer range，” says bear bilgist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range int places where they haven't been seen in a century r mre, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half f the U．S. was full f grizzlies when Eurpeans came, with a rugh number f 50，000 r mre living alngside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries f cruel and cntinuus hunting by settlers, 600 t 800 grizzlies remained n a mere 2 percent f their frmer range in the Nrthern Rckies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Tday, there are abut 2，000 r mre grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recvery has been s successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t de­list grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups. Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviusly, if precautins (预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme, smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd. If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble. Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant­free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits，” says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula.
5．Hw d Americans lk at grizzlies?
A．They cause mixed feelings in peple.
B．They shuld be kept in natinal parks.
C．They are f high scientific value.
D．They are a symbl f American culture.
6．What has helped the increase f the grizzly ppulatin?
A．The Eurpean settlers' behavir.
B．The expansin f bears' range.
C．The prtectin by law since 1975.
D．The supprt f Native Americans.
7．What has stpped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service frm de­listing grizzlies?
A．The ppsitin f cnservatin grups.
B．The successful cmeback f grizzlies.
C．The vice f the bilgists.
D．The lcal farmers' advcates.
8．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．Fd shuld be prvided fr grizzlies.
B．Peple can live in harmny with grizzlies.
C．A special path shuld be built fr grizzlies.
D．Technlgy can be intrduced t prtect grizzlies.
答题策略
语法填空——冠词
练习52 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。
1．答案与解析：by 考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be＋过去分词＋by”。故填by。
2．答案与解析：the 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指Internatinal Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
3．答案与解析：addressed 考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。
4．答案与解析：largest 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
5．答案与解析：respnsibility 考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填respnsibility。
6．答案与解析：shared 考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
7．答案与解析：and 考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词internatinal cperatin和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词prmte的宾语。故填and。
8．答案与解析：T strengthen 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填T strengthen。
9．答案与解析：inviting 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
10．答案与解析：its 考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibitin前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种锂空气电池，可以有朝一日为飞机和卡车提供动力。
1．答案与解析：C 理解具体信息。根据第一段尾句可知，锂空气电池主要的新成分是固体电解质；根据第二段的内容可知，有固体电解质的电池不存在安全问题。更重要的是，固体电解质可能会将能量提高四倍，这意味着更长的行驶里程。由此可知，对锂空气电池贡献最大的是固体电解质。故选C项。
2．答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据第二段中的“lithium­in and ther... verheat and catch fire”可知，锂离子电池容易过热且着火。故选A项。
3．答案与解析：B 理解写作手法。明题意：本题问“作者是如何组织第四段的？”→寻线索：根据第四段中的“The new slid electrlyte... cmpared with the past designs”可知，与过去的设计相比，新的固体电解质由相对便宜的成分制成；本段第二句中while表示前后两种情况的对比→定答案：由此可知，作者是用比较的方法来写第四段的。故选B项。
4．答案与解析：D 理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种锂空气电池，讲述了该电池的主要成分、与旧的锂离子电池相比该电池的优点——无锂离子电池等存在的安全问题且行驶里程更长等。故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2 000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
5．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grw t abut 2.5 m lng and weigh ver 400 kg, ccupy a cnflicted crner f the American psyche—we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。
6．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Tday, there are abut 2, 000 r mre grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recvery has been s successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t de­list grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. (如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
7．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Tday, there are abut 2，000 r mre grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recvery has been s successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t de­list grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted. Bth effrts were verturned due t lawsuits frm cnservatin grups. Fr nw, grizzlies remain listed. (如今，美国大约有2 000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviusly, if precautins aren't taken, grizzlies can becme trublesme, smetimes killing farm animals r walking thrugh yards in search f fd. If peple remve fd and attractants frm their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by withut truble. Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away. ‘Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant­free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits，’ says James Jnkel, lngtime bilgist wh manages bears in and arund Missula. (显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。‘我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，’詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
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冠词的误用、多用与少用
误用
①
表示特指用the，表示泛指用a、an
②
a、an的混用
多用
③
专有名词前不用冠词，如China
④
学科名词前不用冠词，如physics
⑤
球类名词前不用冠词，如ftball
⑥
三餐名词前不用冠词，如lunch
⑦
留意有多余冠词的固定短语
少用
⑧
留意无冠词、无物主代词、无不定代词修饰的单数可数名词
⑨
留意缺少冠词的固定短语