湖北鄂州三年（2021-2023）中考英语真题分题型分类汇编-03阅读理解

湖北鄂州三年（2021-2023）中考英语真题分题型分类汇编-03阅读理解

一、阅读单选

（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）

1．If you take the beach tour, you will pay ________.

A．30 yuan B．40 yuan C．50 yuan D．70 yuan

2．Which is NOT mentioned on A Green City?

A．Telephone. B．Time. C．Place. D．Price.

3．You can join the City Football Club on ________.

A．Tuesday B．Monday C．Sunday D．Saturday

（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）(Li Fang is the first prize winner of the Third English Speech Contest for Junior High Students. A journalist of the China Students’ Post is interviewing her.)

Journalist: Congratulations on your success!

Li Fang: Thanks. It’s really a great honor for me.

Journalist: Please tell us what you’ve done to develop your English skills.

Li Fang: Well, my way is to keep practicing. You know practice makes perfect. It’s very important to take every opportunity to practice speaking English in and out of class.

Journalist: I guess you keep an English diary, don’t you?

Li Fang: Yes, I do. I keep it in order to develop my writing skills.

Journalist: How do you improve your listening and reading skills?

Li Fang: I often listen to English broadcasts and watch English TV programs in my spare time. And I like to read English stories and newspapers. I read either the China Students’ Post or the 21st Century before I go to bed.

Journalist: You’re a very good language learner indeed. What do you want to be when you grow up, Li Fang?

Li Fang: My dream is either to be a diplomat or to be a teacher of English.

Journalist: Good for you! I hope your dream will come true. Nice talking to you.

Li Fang: Thank you, and I enjoyed talking to you, too.

4．Li Fang won the ________ prize in the Third English Speech Contest.

A．first B．second C．third D．fourth

5．Li Fang improves her writing skills by ________.

A．practicing speaking English B．listening to English broadcasts

C．keeping an English diary D．reading the China Students’ Post

6．Li Fang ________ in her spare time.

A．listens to English broadcasts B．writes English stories

C．watches English movies D．watches Chinese TV programs

7．Li Fang wants to be ________.

A．a journalist B．a language learner C．a broadcast host D．an English teacher

（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）

(Niu performs on the stage)

When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience（观众）cheered and clapped. Then it was Niu’s turn. The audience suddenly became silent. However, after four or five seconds, Niu clearly heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool!”

Niu Yu, 24, became a shining star at Shanghai Fashion Week for her confidence, even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg. When Niu was only 11, she unluckily lost her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.

Niu has won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice（偏见）against the disabled a hit on the nose. “I was touched by something they said. They said the traditional view was that sports were for people with healthy legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love sports and will do so forever,” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the public’s attention when she completed a marathon—a 42.195-kilometer race in 2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the tenth anniversary（周年纪念）of the earthquake.

Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 960,000 followers on social platforms, such as Douyin. “I feel I have a social responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to the public can allow them to better understand our group and can also tell other disabled people that our society is more tolerant（宽容）than they imagined,” she explained.

8．What is Niu Yu now?

A．A sports star. B．A singer. C．A model. D．A photographer.

9．The audience suddenly ________ when NiuYu appeared on the stage.

A．cheered B．clapped C．became silent D．laughed

10．How old was Niu Yu when she lost her right leg?

A．24 years old. B．11 years old. C．10 years old. D．4 years old.

11．What does the underlined word “followers” mean in Paragraph 4?

A．Fans. B．Dancers. C．Photos. D．Learners.

12．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A．Niu Yu became a shining star for her confidence.

B．Niu Yu has over 960,000 followers on social platforms.

C．Niu Yu first drew the public’s attention in the marathon in 2018.

D．Niu Yu thinks sports are for people with healthy legs.

（2021·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）

13．The blue dress is made of ________.

A．cotton B．cotton and wool C．silk D．wool

14．If you buy a red dress and a purple dress, you should pay ________.

A．178 yuan B．222 yuan C．188 yuan D．250 yuan

15．The white dresses come from ________.

A．Beijing B．Guangzhou C．Shanghai D．Shenzhen

（2021·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）Last summer holiday, Aunt Emily took us to a safari park （野生动物园）, not far from Liverpool.

I was very happy to go as I had never been to a safari park before. It’s a very interesting park, full of wild animals running freely.

When we got there, we bought our tickets and drove into the park. We were very excited at the thought of going to see the lions. But to get to the lion’s place we had to go through the monkeys’ land first. And that was an experience because they climbed all over the car, ate apples and bananas, and threw all kinds of things at us. They seemed very unfriendly.

Anyway, we went on our way to the lions, place where we had to lock ourselves in the car as we knew lions could be dangerous. A lion came up very close to us. The next thing we knew, it was on the bonnet （车盖）. It looked calm but we felt terrified. Aunt Emily, who isn’t very brave, started to call for help. The kids started crying. Only my brother, George, stayed cool. I sounded the horn （喇叭）but nobody heard us.

In the end a guard arrived in his car, and the lion just got off our car and started smelling the guard’s hand as if nothing was the matter.

16．Which animal did the writer want to see the most?

A．The lions. B．The elephants. C．The monkeys. D．All of them.

17．Why did they lock themselves in the car?

A．Because the monkeys might steal things.

B．Because they were afraid of being robbed.

C．Because the lions might be dangerous in the park.

D．Because something was wrong with the car.

18．What does the underlined word “terrified ” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．excited. B．bored. C．interested. D．scared.

19．Who stayed calm among the visitors when they met the lion?

A．Aunt Emily. B．George. C．The guard. D．The writer.

（2021·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）Chris recently completed a very unusual journey. Our reporter Mary met him at his home in south London and he told her all about the trip.

Reporter: What gave you the idea to travel around India on an elephant, Chris?

Chris: Well, it all started two years ago when I was planning a trip to India. I visited a photographic （摄影的）exhibition of elephants and I realized that the only way to travel around India was on an elephant.

Reporter: What did you do next?

Chris: I flew to New Delhi and started looking for an elephant. I needed an elephant trained to carry people. I didn’t know anything about elephants, so I asked an expert for help. He taught me how to ride an elephant. He also helped me find an elephant.

Reporter: How long did it take to find a suitable elephant?

Chris: Not too long. I bought a female elephant called Tara for about USD 6, 000.

Reporter: Can you tell me about the journey?

Chris: Tara and I set off from New Delhi a week later. We were heading to Sonepur in northern India where there is a big elephant market and I could sell Tara easily. And what a ride! Elephants can travel at about 6 miles an hour and Sonepur was more than 1, 200 km away. It took us 64 days to complete the journey.

Reporter: Did you have any problems on your journey?

Chris: Yes, a few. But nothing serious. On the third day, Tara hurt her foot. But that got better quickly. Also, there was a lot of heavy rain during the first week and we got very wet!

Reporter: What happened when you reached Sonepur?

Chris: My plan was to sell Tara. But by now I was very fond of her. I couldn’t take her back to Britain and I didn’t want to sell her at the market. By chance, I met some people who wanted an elephant for their national park in southern India. I knew that Tara would be safe with them, so I gave her to them. I was very sad to say goodbye.

20．Chris got the idea to travel around India on an elephant from _________.

A．a visit to an Indian zoo

B．an elephant expert from India

C．an old friend who lived in India

D．a photographic exhibition of elephants

21．The elephant expert told Chris _________.

A．the price of elephants B．how to ride an elephant

C．where to sell his elephant D．how to feed an elephant

22．Chris decided to travel to Sonepur because ________.

A．it is a very interesting place

B．elephants can't be sold anywhere else

C．he would be able to sell Tera there easily

D．it would only take 64 days to travel there

23．When Chris arrived at Sonepur market, he ________.

A．sold Tara to a national park

B．visited a national park

C．realized that he didn’t really want to sell Tara

D．decided to take Tara home with him

24．The best title for the passage is ________.

A．Selling an Elephant B．An Unusual Journey

C．An Exhibition of Elephants D．How to Ride an Elephant

（2022·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）A survey about the students’ free time activities

25．What does the graph（图表）show?

A．Students’ thoughts. B．Students’ free time activities.

C．Students’ study. D．Students’ health.

26．Which is NOT mentioned on the material?

A．Listen to music. B．Use the Internet. C．Watch TV. D．Exercise.

27．What percent of the students use the Internet every day?

A．90%. B．85%. C．45%. D．15%.

（2022·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）（Li Lin and Li Wei are on the station platform（站台）, saying goodbye to each other. ）

Li Lin: Tell Mum and Dad I’ll miss them…I’ll miss you all.

Li Wei: And we’ll miss you, too.

Li Lin: See you at the Spring Festival.

Li Wei: Take care. Bye!

（Li Lin gets on the train and looks for his seat. ）

Li Lin: Excuse me, sir. I’m afraid you’re sitting in my seat.

Elderly man: I’m sorry, young man. What did you say? I can’t hear very well.

Li Lin: You’ve taken the wrong seat.

Elderly man: Really? Let me look at my ticket. Ah, here it is! Car 9, Seat 12A．This is Seat 12A, isn’t it?

（The ticket officer arrives. ）

Ticket officer: Tickets, please. Please have your tickets ready.

Elderly man: Excuse me, is this Seat 12A?

Ticket officer: Yes, it is. Let’s have a look at your ticket. Oh, I see the problem. This is Seat 12A, but you should be in Car 9. This is Car 8.

Elderly man: Oh, how stupid of me! I’d better go and find Car 9.

（The elderly man gets up and starts to collect his bags. ）

Li Lin: Wait a moment, sir! Please stay here. I’ll take your seat in Car 9.

Elderly man: Well, that’s very good of you. Thank you.

Ticket officer: Yes, thank you, young man.

28．Where are Li Lin and Li Wei?

A．They are at home. B．They are on the train.

C．They are at the railway station. D．They are in a car.

29．Who is Li Wei?

A．She is Li Lin’s sister. B．She is Li Lin’s friend.

C．He is Li Lin’s father. D．He is Li Lin’s classmate.

30．Why is the elderly man sitting in Li Lin’s seat?

A．Because he did not buy a ticket. B．Because he thinks it is his seat.

C．Because he is too tired to move. D．Because he cannot find his seat.

31．What does Li Lin decide to do?

A．Take the seat from the elderly man. B．Ask the ticket officer for help.

C．Change seats with the elderly man. D．Get off the train.

（2022·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）In my opinion, China’s “Double Reduction” Policy（“双减”政策）aimed at easing（减轻）education-related pressure on parents and children is effective. Now take my home as an example to show how it works.

“Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!” my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning. The clock had just struck seven, but our house had already gotten noisier than the monkeys in the zoo!

For families with children, weekends have become very different. In the past, my wife and I could at least sleep in（睡懒觉）. Then at 9 o’clock, we had to wake up the kids. After throwing them into a tutoring class（辅导班）, we could enjoy several hours to ourselves. But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this. Every Tuesday or Wednesday evening, my girls would ask me, “Where are we going to spend this coming Saturday?”

Luckily, there are still some classes for them to attend. On Sundays, my girls go to learn ballet and chess. They really enjoy their time there. My elder daughter is old enough to read quietly on her own. On lucky days, we can get her to read together with her sister. Still, a quiet “competition” is on. My girls sometimes talk about how their classmates have spent an exciting weekend. It’s their way of complaining about my laziness.

Weekends are more tiring now for parents, but I think they are good for kids. After all, childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful.

32．What is the aim of the “Double Reduction” Policy?

A．To ease education-related pressure on parents and children.

B．To make parents stay with their children at weekends.

C．To make parents have more time for themselves at weekends.

D．To make children and their parents have a good time at weekends.

33．What did the writer do with his children one recent Saturday morning?

A．They travelled to the countryside. B．They went camping.

C．They went to the zoo. D．They went to a tutoring class.

34．When the tutoring classes are gone altogether, children are________.

A．tired B．sad C．happy D．surprised

35．Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The writer’s elder daughter is old enough to read quietly by herself.

B．The “Double Reduction” Policy is effective.

C．The writer’s children learn ballet and chess on Sundays now.

D．Weekends are more relaxing for parents because of the “Double Reduction” Policy.

36．What might be the writer’s attitude（态度）toward the Policy?

A．Supportive. B．Disapproving. C．Doubtful. D．Unsure.

二、阅读匹配

（2022·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）根据文段内容，给每个文段选择一个最合适的标题。其中有一项为多余选项。

37．Many people like animals and take them as their pets. Nowadays pet hospitals are very busy. Persons who love animals are needed to work in busy animal hospitals.

38．What about a robot for a pet? This may sound silly, but it could become true. Robot dogs have been made to bark like real dogs. These “pets” might become more and more popular in the future. After all, robots don’t lose hair or chew on things the way real pets do.

39．Lots of people miss their pets while they are on holiday. One hotel in Minnesota, USA, has solved this problem. They lend cats to their guests. Many experts believe this idea will become more and more popular. It is very possible that in the future you will be able to order a pet, as well as room service, at a hotel.

A．Enjoying pets at hotels

B．Assistants needed in pet hospitals

C．Robots for pets

D．Smaller pets

（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）Hongze Lake is in the west of Jiangsu Province. It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China.

   40    It was a small group of shallow（浅的）lakes in the past, and known as Fuling Lake. In the Tang Dynasty, it got the name Hongze Lake. As time went by, the small lakes finally turned into Hongze Lake.

There are many kinds of fishes in Hongze Lake.    41    Reeds（芦苇）almost cover the whole lake. And the large-area reeds may even prevent boats from getting through.

In the northwest of Hongze Lake, there is a nature reserve. It is Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve. It was first built on July 1, 1985. The reserve has an area of 49,365 hectares（公顷）. It is home to many birds. There are swans, cranes and other national first and second-class rare and protected birds here.    42    Every year, a lot of tourists come here to watch these birds and many wildlife lovers come to take photos.

A．And it lives in Hongze Lake.

B．Hongze Lake is also famous for its plants.

C．It offers these birds homes to live.

D．Hongze Lake has a long history.

（2021·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有— 项为多余选项。

There are many kinds of pollution around us, such as air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad for our health in many ways.

Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution.     43   

With the increase in population and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. It makes our environment dirty. People put lots of litter into the land. In the fields, farmers use too many chemicals （化学用品）which destroy the soil. Soil pollution causes unhealthy food.

    44     For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a noisy place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure, as well.

Working in strong, changeable light for a long time may cause some kinds of illness.    45    With less pollution, our planet will become greener and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people.

A．It makes people feel terrible and is especially bad for the eyes.

B．It can cause sore eyes and breathing problems.

C．Water pollution can make fish dead.

D．Noise pollution can make people deaf.

参考答案：

1．A    2．D    3．C

【导语】本文是三个活动的宣传广告，介绍了三个活动的相关信息。

1．细节理解题。根据“Price: Only 30 yuan each”可知，去海边旅行，每人只需30元。故选A。

2．细节理解题。根据“Time: 8:30 a.m.—11:30 a.m.”、“Place: Xishan Park”和“Tel: 88987689”可知，提到了时间、地点和联系电话，没有提到价格。故选D。

3．细节理解题。根据“City Football Club”中的“Sunday”可知，可以在周日参加市足球俱乐部。故选C。

4．A    5．C    6．A    7．D

【导语】本文是一篇采访稿，记者采访英语演讲比赛一等奖获得者李芳，询问她的英语学习方法及其梦想。

4．细节理解题。根据“Li Fang is the first prize winner of the Third English Speech Contest for Junior High Students”可知，李芳是第三届初中英语演讲比赛一等奖获得者。故选A。

5．细节理解题。根据“I guess you keep an English diary, don’t you?”和“Yes, I do. I keep it in order to develop my writing skills.”可知，李芳写英语日记来提高写作技巧。故选C。

6．细节理解题。根据“I often listen to English broadcasts and watch English TV programs in my spare time.”可知，她经常在业余时间听英语广播和看英语电视节目。故选A。

7．细节理解题。根据“My dream is either to be a diplomat or to be a teacher of English.”可知，我的梦想要么是成为一名外交官，要么就是成为一名英语教师。故选D。

8．D    9．C    10．B    11．A    12．D

【导语】本文介绍了在汶川地震中失去右脚却努力成为模特和摄影师的女孩——牛钰。

8．推理判断题。根据“Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 960,000 followers on social platforms, such as Douyin.”可知，牛现在是一名摄影师。故选D。

9．细节理解题。根据“Then it was Niu’s turn. The audience suddenly became silent.”可知，当她出现在舞台上的时候，观众们突然沉默下来。故选C。

10．推理判断题。根据“When Niu was only 11, she unluckily lost her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.”可知，在她11岁时，她在汶川地震中不幸地失去了她的右脚。故选B。

11．词句猜测题。根据“Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 960,000 followers on social platforms, such as Douyin.”可知，现在，牛是一名摄影师，在抖音等社交平台上拥有超过96万粉丝。followers意为“粉丝”，与fans同义。故选A。

12．细节理解题。根据“They said the traditional view was that sports were for people with healthy legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love sports and will do so forever”可知，他们说，传统观点认为，运动是为腿健康的人准备的，但运动应该是一种精神。尽管她失去了一条腿，但她仍然热爱体育，并将永远热爱体育。由此可知，她不认为运动是为腿健康的人准备的。故选D。

13．D    14．C    15．A

【分析】本文是一个商店里售卖连衣裙的广告信息。

13．细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，蓝色的连衣裙材料是羊毛的，故选D。

14．细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，红色连衣裙是80元，紫色连衣裙是108元，加在一起一共188元，故选C。

15．细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，白色连衣裙来自北京，故选A。

16．A    17．C    18．D    19．B

【分析】本文主要介绍了作者和家人去年暑假去野生动物园的经历。

16．细节理解题。根据“We were very excited at the thought of going to see the lions”可知，作者最想见到狮子，故选A。

17．细节理解题。根据“Anyway, we went on our way to the lions, place where we had to lock ourselves in the car as we knew lions could be dangerous”可知，因为狮子很危险，故选C。

18．词义猜测题。根据“It looked calm but we felt terrified”可知，狮子看起来很冷静，但是作者和家人很害怕，所以terrified与scared同义，故选D。

19．细节理解题。根据“The kids started crying. Only my brother, George, stayed cool”可知，George在看到狮子时很冷静，故选B。

20．D    21．B    22．C    23．C    24．B

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Chris一次不寻常的骑大象旅行的事情。

20．细节理解题。根据文中“Well, it all started two years ago when I was planning a trip to India. I visited a photographic （摄影的）exhibition of elephants and I realized that the only way to travel around India was on an elephant.”可知，Chris从一个大象摄影展上得到了骑大象环游印度的主意。故选D。

21．细节理解题。根据文中“He taught me how to ride an elephant.”可知，大象专家告诉Chris如何骑大象。故选B。

22．细节理解题。根据文中“We were heading to Sonepur in northern India where there is a big elephant market and I could sell Tara easily.”可知，Chris决定去索尼普尔，因为他可以很容易地把Tara卖掉。故选C。

23．细节理解题。根据文中“My plan was to sell Tara. But by now I was very fond of her. I couldn’t take her back to Britain and I didn’t want to sell her at the market.”可知，当Chris来到索尼普尔市场时，他意识到他并不是真地想卖掉Tara。故选C。

24．最佳标题。短文主要谈论Chris一次不寻常的骑大象旅行的事情。故文章的最佳标题应是“不寻常的旅行”。故选B。

25．B    26．A    27．A

【导语】本文是学生空闲时间活动的调查结果。

25．细节理解题。根据“A survey about the students’ free time activities”可知，图标显示了学生的空闲时间活动。故选B。

26．细节理解题。根据图表可知，介绍了学生们的三个空余时间活动：使用互联网、看电视和锻炼。故选A。

27．细节理解题。根据图表可知，有90%的学生每天使用互联网。故选A。

28．C    29．A    30．B    31．C

【导语】本文讲述了李林在火车上因为找座位而发生的一件小事，体现出李林是一个善良、热心的人。

28．细节理解题。根据“（Li Lin and Li Wei are on the station platform（站台）, saying goodbye to each other. ）”和“Li Lin gets on the train and looks for his seat.”可知，他们在火车站。故选C。

29．推理判断题。根据“Tell Mum and Dad I’ll miss them…I’ll miss you all.”可推知，李薇是李林的姐姐。故选A。

30．细节理解题。根据“Really? Let me look at my ticket. Ah, here it is! Car 9, Seat 12A. This is Seat 12A, isn’t it?”可知，老人坐在李林的座位上，是因为他认为那是他的座位。故选B。

31．细节理解题。根据“Wait a moment, sir! Please stay here. I’ll take your seat in Car 9.”可知，李林决定和老人换座位。故选C。

32．A    33．C    34．C    35．D    36．A

【导语】本文主要讲述中国的 “双减”政策对父母和孩子的影响。

32．细节理解题。根据第一段“China’s ‘Double Reduction’ Policy aimed at easing education-related pressure on parents and children is effective”可知，中国“双减”政策的目的是为了减轻父母和孩子与教育有关的压力。故选A。

33．细节理解题。根据第二段“ ‘Dad! Get up! You promised to take us to the zoo today!’ my two daughters shouted together one recent Saturday morning.”可知，在最近的周六，作者和孩子去了动物园。故选C。

34．细节理解题。根据第三段“But now, these classes are gone altogether. Kids, of course, are happy about this”可知，辅导班的课取消之后，孩子们很开心。故选C。

35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weekends are more tiring now for parents”可知，现在周末对于父母来说更累了。D选项表述错误。故选D。

36．态度观点题。根据最后一段“I think they are good for kids”及“childhood should be more than just studying school subjects. It should be more colorful”可知，作者认为这个政策对孩子是有好处的，对于“双减”政策是支持的态度。故选A。

37．B    38．C    39．A

【导语】本文讲述宠物医院需要助手，在未来机器宠物的出现以及酒店提供宠物给客人的服务。

37．根据“Nowadays pet hospitals are very busy. Persons who love animals are needed to work in busy animal hospitals”现在宠物医院非常繁荣，忙碌的宠物医院需要关爱动物的人在那里工作。可知，这一段与宠物医院需要助手有关。标题“Assistants needed in pet hospitals”符合。故选B。

38．根据“What about a robot for a pet”及“Robot dogs have been made to bark like real dogs”可知，这一段与机器宠物有关。标题“Robots for pets”符合。故选C。

39．根据“One hotel in Minnesota, USA, has solved this problem. They lend cats to their guests”可知，讲述酒店为客人提供猫。根据“It is very possible that in the future you will be able to order a pet, as well as room service, at a hotel”可知，讲述在未来，在酒店可以预订宠物。标题“Enjoying pets at hotels”符合。故选A。

40．D    41．B    42．C

【导语】本文介绍了中国的第四大淡水湖——洪泽湖。

40．根据下文“It was a small group of shallow（浅的）lakes in the past, and known as Fuling Lake. In the Tang Dynasty, it got the name Hongze Lake. As time went by, the small lakes finally turned into Hongze Lake.”可知，它在过去是一小群浅水湖泊，被称为涪陵湖。在唐代，它被命名为洪泽湖。随着时间的推移，这些小湖终于变成了洪泽湖。说明此段在介绍其历史。选项D“洪泽湖有一段很长的历史。”符合语境。故选D。

41．根据下一句“Reeds（芦苇）almost cover the whole lake.”可知，芦苇几乎覆盖了整个湖泊。说明此处介绍洪泽湖的植物。选项B“洪泽湖也因它的植物而闻名。”符合语境。故选B。

42．根据上文“It is home to many birds. There are swans, cranes and other national first and second-class rare and protected birds here.”可知，它是许多鸟类的家园。这里有天鹅、鹤等国家一级、二级珍稀保护鸟类。选项C“它为这些鸟类提供生存的地方。”符合语境。故选C。

43．B    44．D    45．A

【分析】本文介绍了污染的类型以及每种污染对人类的危害性。

43．根据“Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution”可知，此处应介绍空气污染对人类的害处，B选项“它会导致眼睛疼痛和呼吸问题”符合，故选B。

44．根据“For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a noisy place for a long time”可知，此处应介绍与噪声污染有关的内容，D选项“噪音污染会使人失聪”符合，故选D。

45．根据“Working in strong, changeable light for a long time may cause some kinds of illness”可知，此处应介绍在强光、多变的光线下工作对人类的危害，A选项“它会让人感觉很糟糕，尤其对眼睛有害”符合，故选A。