2021-2023新高考英语真题分项汇编专题03形容词、副词(解析版)
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这是一份2021-2023新高考英语真题分项汇编专题03形容词、副词(解析版),共5页。
专题03 形容词、副词
1.(2023年新高考I卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
【答案】tasty
【详解】考查形容词。句意:小笼包,那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。空格处需要形容词修饰后面的名词soup,故填tasty。
2.(2023年新高考I卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is _______(rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
【答案】rarely
【详解】考查副词。副词rarely(几乎不 )修饰后面的形容词 enough足够的, rarely enough 几乎不够。
3.(2023年新高考II卷)Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________ (confidence) speaking English.
【答案】confident
【详解】考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
4.(2023年新高考II卷)So, what are they learning? ________ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
【答案】Basically
【详解】考查副词。句意:基本上,如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。
5.(2023年浙江卷1月)The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】originally
【详解】考查副词。句意:胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思,首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
6.(2023年浙江卷1月)The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space)homes and walled gardens.
【答案】spacious
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
1. (2022年新高考I卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and _________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】eventually
【详解】考查副词。句意:GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系,最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式作状语,修饰空后动词achieve,形容词eventual的副词为eventually,故填eventually。
2. (2022年新高考II卷) They both fell _________ (sleep) while watching TV.
【答案】asleep
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词,意为“睡觉”,其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配,意为“熟睡的”,asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
3. (2022年新高考II卷)When he looked down, he ________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
【答案】accidentally
【详解】考查副词。句意:当他往下看时,不小心滑了一跤,从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词,意为“意外的,失误的”,其副词为accidentally,意为“意外地,失误地”,符合句意。故填accidentally。
4. (2022年浙江卷1月)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】roughly
【详解】考查副词。句意:例如,在一个名为“无飞行气候科学”的网站上,大约200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——自两年前开始这项努力以来已经承诺将尽可能少地飞行。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式修饰数词,表示数量的精确程度,相当于about,此时的roughly意为“粗略地;大约”,似的还有exactly、nearly、approximately,etc.,故填roughly。
5. (2022年北京卷) That’s a big problem and it is getting even ________ (bad).
【答案】worse
【详解】考查比较级。句意:这是个大问题,而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前,所以此处用worse,故填worse。
6.(2022年浙江卷6月)Blind people recognize shapes with their ________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
【答案】40.existing 41.sighted
【详解】
40.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语,修饰sense。故填existing。
41.考查形容词。句意:哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说,盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状,在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people,表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。
7.(2022年天津卷)The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day.
A. completely blind to B. totally lost in
C. pretty keen on D. well aware of
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意:有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险,决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解;B. totally lost in完全迷失于;C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢;
1.(2021年新高考1卷 )The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ___ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
【答案】undoubtedly
【详解】考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空格所填词应该修饰动词help,故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变副词,直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
2.(2021年新高考1卷 )But that's how nature is—always leaving us ___ (astonish).
【答案】 astonished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构, 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系,此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语,说明人的感受,意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
3. (2021年新高考II卷)I told him how ________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
【答案】harmful
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我告诉他塑料对环境的危害,并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句,how之后接形容词,所以填harmful。
4.(2021年新高考II卷) I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
【答案】 excited
【详解】考查形容词。句意:当他给我回信时,我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语,用形容词,修饰人,用v+ed形式的形容词,所以填excited。
5.(2021年浙江卷 )When the house was built, it was much ___ (small) than it is today.
【答案】smaller
【详解】考查形容词的比较级,句中有than这个提示词,much修饰比较级。句意:当房子建好时,它比现在要小得多。
6.(2021年 浙江卷) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ___ (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【详解】考查副词。句意:30年后,很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词,故答案为 sharply。
7.(2021年1月 浙江卷 )This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including ___ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】lower
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:乡下的人条件差一些,包括更低的收入和教育水平,更高的健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levels of income and education与higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 是并列关系,前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low要用形容词比较级,故答案为lower。
8.(2021年天津卷单选)As working from home becomes ___ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
A. increasingly B. equally C. nervously D. confusingly
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意:随着在家工作变得越来越普遍,人们发现把为人父母和全职工作结合起来变得更容易了。A.increasingly越来越多地、不断增加地;B.equally同样地;C.nervously紧张地;D.confusingly令人困惑地。根据句意可知,本空应填increasingly。故选:A。
9.(2021年天津卷单选)While rock-climbing, you need to remain very so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
A. satisfied B. focused C. amused D. delighted
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意:攀岩的时候,你需要保持专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的;B. focused集中的;C. amused有趣的;D. delighted高兴的。根据句意可知,本空应填focused。故选:B。
10.(2021年北京卷)Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ________(safe) wait for the police to take her home.
【答案】safely
【详解】考查副词。句意:山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店,这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语,故填safely。
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