2023年中考英语语法专项复习课件——简单句

这是一份2023年中考英语语法专项复习课件——简单句，共43页。PPT课件主要包含了简单句，并列句，复合句，The apple ，To see ，One，句子成分，made，is used，enjoys等内容，欢迎下载使用。

简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语） 和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子叫简单句。简单句有五种基本句型。
主语是句子的主体，是句子的主要描述对象。
⑴ is red. ⑵ is my idl. ⑶ is interesting.
Living in the city
⑷ is t believe. ⑸ f them is English. ⑹ is right.
What he said
谓语用来说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”。谓语只能由动词充当，一般在主语的后面，有人称、时态和数的变化。
⑴ I ____________ (make) yur birthday cake last night.  ⑵ It ____________ (use) by travelers and business peple all ver the wrld. ⑶ She ________ (enjy) watching TV.
宾语是动作或行为的承受者。
⑴ She is playing the pian nw. ⑵ We all like him. ⑶ Give me fur. ⑷ I practice speaking English. ⑸ We want t sing. ⑹ I think he is right.
表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征、状态，一般放在系动词之后。
⑴ She is a teacher nw. ⑵ The sun is up. ⑶ I feel gd tday.
⑷ The next step is t get it ready. ⑸ Her jb is cleaning. ⑹ The man is ut f danger. ⑺ This is what he said.
宾补用来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。
⑴ She calls me Linda. ⑵ I made her happy. ⑶ I left my bk in the rm.
⑷ I help my sister t d the dishes. ⑸ Listen! I hear Lily singing. ⑹ I saw the kite up and dwn.
⑴ 及物动词 & 不及物动词及物动词：接宾语；不及物动词：不能直 接跟宾语，只有加介 词，才可构成介宾短 语结构。
e.g. I drank a glass f water. Lk! The little girl is lking at a picture.
强调渐变。 The weather is grwing warmer.
通常表示天气变化或人身体或情绪变化。 The rbt never gets tired.
g, get, grw, becme, turn辨析
强调质量变化。 The milk ges bad.
通常表示颜色变化。 The tree turns green in spring.
强调人外在或内在的变化。 He becmes a teacher in 10 years.
There be句型1. there be句型的时态及结构
2. There be句型的就近原则
be动词的单复数形式必须和there be之后的第一个主语保持一致。若第一个主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词，则be动词用单数；若第一个主语是可数名词复数，则be动词用复数。如：There is a bk and tw pencils n the desk. (书桌上有一本书和两支铅笔。)3. There be＋sb./sth.＋地点，表示“某处有某人/某物”。be 动词必须和主语保持人称和数一致。如果主语部分是两个及两个以上的主语，be动词一般和邻近主语在人称和数上保持一致。4. there be sb. ding sth.＋地点/时间某地/某时有某人正在做某事。如：There is a baby sleeping in the rm. (房间里有个婴儿正在睡觉。)
5. there be句型的否定形式是在be动词后面加nt，nt any，n。如：There is n water in the bttle. (瓶子里面没有水。)6. 若变为一般疑问句则需要把be动词提前至句首。如： Is there a hspital near here? (这附近有医院吗？)7. there be句型与have的辨析 (1)there be表示某处存在某物或某人，不强调此物归属。have 表示某人拥有某物或某人，强调所属关系。 (2)当have表示包括、存在的含义时，可以与there be句型互换。
1. I visited the z last Sunday. ______A.主语 B．谓语 C．状语 D．宾语2. The fd in the restaurant is delicius. ______A.表语 B．宾语 C．主语 D．谓语3. The quiet music makes me relax. ______A.宾语 B．状语 C．宾补 D．定语4. I bught my mther sme flwers n Mther’s Day. ______A.直接宾语 B．间接宾语 C．表语 D．状语
5. The sentence pattern f “I enjy living in Gansu.” is ______.A. S＋V＋O B. S＋V＋PC. S＋V＋IO＋DO D. S＋V＋DO＋OC6. There ______ an English shw this weekend. Shall we g and watch it?A. are ging t be B. wasC. will be D. were7. There ______ a cmputer and sme bks n the teacher’s desk.A. is B. are C. be8. There ______ mre than tw ways t slve this maths prblem.A. am B. is C. are D. be
陈述句用来说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。 陈述句包括肯定句和否定句两种形式。句末通常用句点，读降调。1. 陈述句的肯定形式：主语＋谓语＋其他. They have lts f strybks. (他们有很多故事书。)2. 陈述句的否定形式(1)be的否定式 ①be作系动词用时，结构为“主语＋be＋nt＋表语＋其他．”。如：She is nt a teacher. (她不是一位老师。) ②be用作助动词，用于be ding/be ging t d/be dne等时态或被动语态中，结构为“主语＋be＋nt＋动词的现在分词或过去分词＋其他．”。如：Jim isn’t playing ftball. (吉姆没有在踢足球。)
(2)助动词、情态动词的否定式： 如：The by desn’t d husewrk at hme. (这个男孩在家不做家务。)(3)除nt外，其他否定词也可以构成否定句 ①用n表示，n＝nt any/a。如：He has n sister. ＝He desn’t have any sister. (他没有姐妹。) ②never绝不，从不。如：I have never seen such a man. (我从没见过这样的人。) ③little，few几乎没有。如：There are few students in the classrm. (教室里几乎没有学生。) ④n ne/nbdy没有人。如：Nbdy is interested in the bk. (没有人对这本书感兴趣。)
⑤nthing没有东西，没有事情，如：There is nthing wrng with yu.(你没有什么问题。)⑥neither f 两者之中没有一个；nne f ...三者或三者以上之中没有一个。如：Neither f them has ever been t Beijing.(他们两个都没有去过北京。)Nne f these pens wrks.(这些钢笔没有一支能用。)⑦seldm(很少)；hardly(几乎不)；rarely(很少)⑧t ... t ...(太……以至于不能)
1. 那位公交司机立刻停下了车。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. 这把雨伞一定是我妹妹的。________________________________________________________________3. 我会拼写这个单词。________________________________________________________________
I can/am able t spell the/this wrd.
The/That bus driver stpped the bus at nce/right away/right nw/immediately/in a minute/in n time.
The/This umbrella must be my sister’s.
4. 他们结婚已经50多年了。___________________________________________________________5. 她的主意听起来真不错。___________________________________________________________6. 好的学习者不害怕犯错。___________________________________________________________7. 因为天气糟糕，山底下的东西我们什么也看不到。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gd learners are nt afraid f making mistakes.
Her idea sunds really gd.
They have been married fr ver fifty years.
Because f the bad weather, we culdn’t see anything at the bttmf the muntain.
(1)特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句。以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫作特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句的变化较为简单，只需要选择恰当的特殊疑问词，再加上一般疑问句即可。
(2)hw词组引导的特殊疑问句
选择疑问句是提供两种或两种以上的情况供对方选择一种情况回答的疑问句。选择疑问句不用yes或n回答，只要根据实际情况回答即可。选择疑问句可分为一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句两种。(1)一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句＋r＋被选择部分？如： —Is he tall r shrt?(他高还是矮？) —He isn’t tall r shrt.He is f medium height.(他不高也不矮。他是中等身高。)(2)特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句，A r B？如： —Which seasn d yu like better，summer r winter?(你更喜欢哪个季节，夏天还是冬天？) —I like winter better.(我更喜欢冬天。)
1. The pliceman asked the little by if ______ his hme.A. he culd find B. culd he find C. he can find2. —______ shall we meet fr the picnic?—At the schl gate.A. Hw B. When C. Why D. Where3. —______ d yu usually start ding yur hmewrk?—Right after I finish my dinner.A. When B. Where C. What D. Why
4. —______ d yu think we can finish the reprt?—Perhaps in ne mre hur.A. Hw lng B. Hw muchC. Hw sn D. Hw ften5. —______ is the cncert ging t start?—I’ve n idea. Why nt check the ticket?A. What time B. What abutC. Hw lng D. Hw ften