2023年中考英语复习课件：选词填空

这是一份2023年中考英语复习课件：选词填空，共27页。PPT课件主要包含了阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。

选词填空题要求考生根据短文内容从备选词汇中挑选单词并用其正确形式填空。该题型的综合性很强，集合了阅读理解、词汇与语法、完形填空的测试特点。以下要介绍的是该题型的解题步骤。
解题步骤一、通读全文 首先，我们要跳过空格通读全文，理清文章脉络，理解文章主旨大意，特别要注意读懂文章的首尾句，以便迅速抓住文章主旨，以猜测作者的意图、观点。在理解文章的主旨大意之后再开始做题。
在阅读过程中，要注意上下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。
二、选择单词 在这一步，主要分析空格处所需要填入的单词。这一步是做题的核心部分，大家可以从以下两方面着手：
1. 根据意思选词。选词前先要仔细观察方框中提供的词，明确每个词的含义，然后再细读文章。可以先从最容易的词入手，如介词、冠词、连词等，这些词的词形一般不发生变化，有些是固定搭配，然后再由简入难，逐一攻破。在填词时一定要注意词不离句，句不离篇，全面考虑全文语境。
2. 根据句子结构选词。有时只根据意思选词，容易出现连环错误。为避免这种错误，要从句子结构上来考虑。在一个简单句中，基本结构是主、谓、宾、定、状、补。如果句中缺少主语，就把目标锁定在名词或代词或有些可以变形为名词的词上。如需谓语则找动词，需宾语则找名词或代词，需定语则找形容词，需状语则找副词等。
三、确定形式 通过分析近几年中考题，我们发现实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和数词)常常需要变换形式。所以在选好单词后，要分析选定单词中的实词，确定其是否需要变换形式。比如，要考虑名词是用单数还是复数，动词是用不定式、动词-ing形式还是动词-ed形式，形容词和副词是用原级、比较级还是最高级等等。
四、校核答案 在填完全部空格后，应该将全文仔细阅读一遍，从全篇的高度来审视一切，看全文的意思是否通顺，上下文的内在逻辑关系是否一致。再检查一下前后的人称、时态、主谓关系、语态、语气以及词的搭配等是否正确，以确保填空正确无误。
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺，每词限用一次。[ask, when, sand, final, leave, run, hard, feeling, expect, fail]A few weeks ag, I visited Sydney, a perfect place t surf. I knew I culdn't (1)_____ it withut ging surfing myself. I bked a grup surf lessn (2)_____ I was in Byrn Bay. Byrn Bay is a really ppular place fr prfessinal surfers t g!We first (3)_____ t learn hw t read the sea cnditins and what t (4)_____ in the water. Then we did a warm-up by (5)_____ alng the beach. Next, it was time t learn hw t stand n the surfbard. We did it n the (6)_____. After a lt f practice, we were ready t g ut int the sea and try it ut n the water. I have t say, surfing is much (7)_____ than it lks. When yu watch peple frm the beach, they make it lk s easy! I (8)_____ many times t stand up. Then ne f the caches came t help me and held my bard steady (平稳的).(9)_____ I learned hw t d that and by the end f the lessn I had managed t “walk n water”. It was a pretty amazing (10)_____ and I felt s prud f myself!
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺，每词限用一次。[smewhere, change, fd, hard, thick, grw, anther, way, little, until]Winter is cld in sme places. Many plants d nt (1)_____ during the winter. Sme plants even die. Snw and ice may cver the grund, s it can be (2)_____ fr animals t find fd during the winter. Animals get thrugh the time in many (3)_____. Birds and butterflies can fly. Many f them leave their hmes fr (4)_____ warm. Then they cme hme next spring. We call this migratin, which is a gd way t avid the cld. (5)_____ gd way t avid the cld is t sleep thrugh it. Many animals hide and sleep during the winter. They slw dwn and use very (6)_____ energy. They d nt eat and they live ff their fat (脂肪). They d this (7)_____ fd returns. We call this hibernatin. Snakes, frgs and bears hibernate. Sme animals stre (8)_____ in their hmes. They live n what they stred in the summer and fall. This is what squirrels (松鼠) d. Other animals tugh it ut (挨过). They neither leave nr hide. Sme f them grw (9)_____ cats in the winter. Sme f them (10)_____ clur. The Arctic fx is brwn in the summer and white in the winter.
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次，其中有两个是多余的。[different, shuld, they, energy, sleep, relax, we, by, minute, whether, talk, might ]Studying fr yur tests at schl can smetimes make yu feel a bit stressed r wrried. Here's sme advice t help yu feel mre (1)_____.Dn’t cmpare yurself t yur friendsEveryne learns things (2)_____ and sme peple find things easier than thers. Chse a review plan that wrks best fr yu. It's fine if it is different frm yur friends'. If yu are feeling stressed, (3)_____ t smeneIt culd be a friend, a teacher r yur family. Dn't feel like yu're letting peple dwn (4)_____ admitting (承认) yu are feeling stressed. They will be happy that yu wuld like t share yur feelings with (5)_____, and will hpefully help yu t feel better.Try t take regular (定期的) breaks during yur reviewIt will help give yur brain time t prcess (处理) all the infrmatin yu are learning. Yu culd g fr a walk r just clse yur eyes and relax fr a few (6)_____. Lk after yur bdyIt's imprtant t try t eat well and get lts f (7)_____ befre a test. If yu dn't give yur mind a rest, it (8)_____ nt wrk as well as it culd.Ding exercise really helps(9)_____ yu are playing ftball, ging fr a walk r riding yur bike, exercise can really help yu t feel less stressed. Then yu can feel better and get mre (10)_____!
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词语并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每个词语限用一次，其中有两个是多余的。[cmpete, fix up, they, if, seem, private, decide, surprised, wrd, plan, difference, stay away]At 13, Rachel Crw appeared n The X Factr. It is a British reality TV (真人秀) music cmpetitin shw. The judges (评判员) lved her beautiful singing. It (1)_____ that she was ready t win. Hwever, she failed. Rachel was (2)_____. She cried n the stage. It was sad fr her. But it was just the kind f shw TV audiences lve. Sme experts (专家) say that kids shuld (3)_____ frm reality shws, because they dn't play characters. They play (4)_____. Cameras shw their mst (5)_____ mments. Als, these shws leave little free time fr the kids. But thers say reality shws give kids a chance t shine. One Directin, a pp by band, became wrld famus after (6)_____ n The X Factr. Even Rachel recrded her album (音乐专辑) and viced a character in the mvie Ri 2, thugh she failed.Here are tw students' (7)_____ pinins n this.★Kids shuld be allwed n reality shws. • Kids n reality shws can make a lt f mney.• Talented kids can becme famus (8)_____ they appear n a reality shw.• It's gd fr kids t learn that they can't always win.★Kids shuldn't be allwed n reality shws. • Children may nt be able t deal with unkind (9)_____ frm judges and fans.• Kids n reality shws have t give up privacy (隐私). They are t yung t make that (10)_____.• Reality shws may leave little time fr a child t study, play r just relax.
答案：A) 1. leave 2. when 3. were asked 4. expect5. running 6. sand 7. harder 8. failed 9. Finally 10. feelingB) 1. grw 2. hard 3. ways 4. smewhere 5. Anther 6. little 7. until 8. fd 9. thick / thicker 10. changeC) 1. relaxed 2. differently 3. talk 4. by 5. them 6. minutes 7. sleep 8. might 9. Whether 10. energy D) 1. seemed 2. surprised 3. stay away4. themselves 5. private 6. cmpeting 7. different 8. if 9. wrds 10. decisin
阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务。阅读理解是中考英语的测试重点，也是中考英语试题中分值最高的题型。它既考查同学们的语言理解能力，同时也考查同学们运用阅读技巧获取信息的能力。
阅读理解的考查形式多样，常见的题型有：选择答案型、判断正误型、回答问题型、还原句子型和任务型，其中选择答案型所占比例最大。针对不同题型，采用不同的对策，既能提高阅读速度，又能提高做题的准确率。
一、选择答案型1. 需要注意每个段落的开头和结尾，以 便迅速了解文章的段落大意及全文大 意。2. 快速浏览试题，而后在文章中找到与题干和选项相关的内容，通过分析，有根据地排除干扰项，从而选出正确答案。对于暂时不能确定答案的试题，可以在文章中相关内容处进行标记，为再次阅读寻找答案做准备。
3. 遇到生词或长难句，不要害怕，也不要长时间停留。读文章要尽量一气呵成，把握文章整体最重要。对于关键性的生词或长难句，要根据上下文猜测其含义。4. 试题的顺序与信息点在文章中出现的顺序通常是一致的，所以在寻找考查点时可以按照顺序逐个查找。
二、判断正误型 读完全文后，要准确理解文章后所设题目中各句子的含义，若试题表述与文章中的内容相符或与作者观点相同，则该试题正确，反之错误。
三、回答问题型1. 此题型中的题目以细节理解题为主, 对于 此类题目, 要抓住关键词来回答问题。对 于推理判断题或主旨大意题, 则需利用所 给信息, 在进行分析、归纳后，写出答案。2. 答案可以是完整的句子，也可以是词或短 语，但一定要写出能回答所提问题的关键 内容。3. 确保写出的内容语义完整、语法正确。如 果是完整的句子，还要注意人称、时态、 语态等的变化。
四、还原句子型1. 在理解文章大意后，要把握全文的逻辑关系、行文顺序。2. 先将位置容易确定的句子还原到文章中，对于不好确定位置的句子可以暂时搁置，而后多次阅读上下文，找到其合理的位置。3. 将句子全部还原之后，要再次通读全文，核查全文意思是否通顺、结构是否一致、逻辑是否合理。
五、任务型 该题型包含不同的任务，常见的有判断正误、回答问题、补全句子、英汉互译等。1. 补全句子题考查同学们的逻辑思维能力。 同学们需要在理解全文的基础上，利用文 中表示对比、转折、因果、递进、条件等 关系的连接词，结合上下文语境，确定需 要填什么样的内容。在填写时要确保填写 的内容语义完整、语法正确。
2. 英汉互译题一定要结合上下文去翻 译，一般采用“直译”的方法，要注 意表达准确到位、语法正确无误。
A 12-year-ld girl frm Virginia, US, never thught that a simple message she put nline culd bring her big prblems. She psted the wrds, “Killing. Meet me in the library Tuesday”, with three emjis（表情符号）f a gun, a knife and a bmb（炸弹）n Instagram, a scial media（社交媒体）. She was tld that she brke the law because f threatening（威胁）her schl.This prblem is nt far away frm us. Nt lng ag, Ni Hanxiang, a Chinese student at a university in the US, was sent back t China after expressing n scial media that he wuld kill his teachers if he failed t pass his exams.In China, psting threatening wrds nline is als against the law. In 2013, Wu Hngfei, a singer, gt int truble fr saying n weib that she wanted t blw up a building.“Threatening happens nt nly face t face but als thrugh the Internet, scial media and the telephne,” said Mr. Ca, a lawyer frm Chngqing. “Althugh the law f China prtects peple’s right f free speech, it desn’t include wrds that threaten thers’ lives and natinal safety.”“Sme peple may nt mean t threaten. They may just be trying t say ‘I’m strng’, ” said Fred Pratt, a lawyer frm the US.The girl’s mther said her daughter was a gd kid wh had never been in truble befre. Ni Hanxiang als said he didn’t realize that what he put nline was s serius.“But nt knwing the law desn’t mean the law will treat yu any differently if yu break it,” says David Allen Green, a lawyer frm the UK. S, d yu think we’d better spend a minute r tw thinking abut the wrds r emjis we use n scial media befre we press “send”?
60. The 12-year-ld girl frm Virginia put the wrds “Killing. Meet me in the library Tuesday”, with three emjis ___________ .A. in her wn diaryB. in a letter t her friendC. n a scial mediaD. n the wall f the library61. Ni Hanxiang was sent back t China ___________.A. because he brke the US lawB. because he wasn’t hnestC. after he killed his teachersD. after he blew up a building62. Frm this passage, we can infer（推断）that ___________.A. Fred Pratt thinks sme peple may nt mean t threatenB. the girl’s mther didn’t think her daughter was a bad childC. cheating in an examinatin at schl may get yu int trubleD. putting threatening wrds n QQ may bring yu prblem63. This passage mainly wants t tell us that ___________.A. we shuldn’t break the US law if we study at a university in the USB. students and singers shuldn’t pst wrds r emjis n scial mediaC. students shuld study hard at schl and nt use the Internet t muchD. we shuld be careful when we send wrds r emjis n scial media