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安徽省江南十校联考2022-2023学年高二英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份安徽省江南十校联考2022-2023学年高二英语下学期5月月考试题（Word版附解析），共24页。
2023年“江南十校”高二阶段联考
高二英语
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清晰。
3. 请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 保持答题卡卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
5. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the woman get to the airport?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By bus.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Thanks for offering to drive me to the airport, Bob.
M: You are welcome. Taking the bus may waste you a lot of time, and it is difficult for you to get a taxi in the rush hour.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man want to change his job?
A. He’s got a better job offer. B. He isn’t pleased with his pay. C. He can’t do his job well.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: How do you like your new job?
M: Actually I’m thinking about changing my job.
W: Why? You did pretty well.
M: But I’m not very satisfied with my salary.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman suggest doing next Saturday?
A. Meeting Janet. B. Going to a play. C. Booking some tickets.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: There is a good comedy on at the Royal Theater next Saturday. Would you like to go with me?
M: Of course. Well, I’ll ask Janet if she is free. Then I can book seats for us.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of Mr. Brooklyn’s speech?
A. Easy. B. Confusing. C. Great.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you think of Mr. Brooklyn’s speech?
W: I guess it was easy, but I was confused. He spoke too fast.
M: If you focused on what he said, you would find it really interesting.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A disaster. B. An adventure. C. A traffic accident.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s so terrible that heavy rainfall has caused floods in the city.
W: Yes. Hundreds of passengers were trapped for hours in flooded subway cars. Luckily, they were rescued the next morning.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where will the man volunteer during the holiday?
A. At an old person’s house. B. At a nursing home. C. At a park.
7. What will the man do?
A. Do some gardening work. B. Plan a dance performance. C. Play magic tricks.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning. Are you still looking for volunteers?
W: Yes. We need some volunteers to visit the elderly at their homes and at some nursing homes during the coming holiday. We also need some volunteers to do some gardening work. So what do you prefer?
M: I’d like to visit some elderly people at a nursing home. So what do I need to do?
W: You can entertain them with a talent you have. They love watching performances.
M: I work as a magician.
W: Great. I’m sure you’ll greatly entertain them.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What problem does Meg have?
A. She is too shy to talk to others.
B. She can’t concentrate on her studies.
C. She doesn’t know how to start the story.
9. Who will Meg ask for help?
A. The librarian. B. Her father. C. Mrs. Watson.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s up, Meg? You seem to be in a bad mood.
W: It’s that story we’ve got to write for our English class. I haven’t started it yet. How about you?
M: I finished it last night. My dad helped me a lot. You know, he is a writer.
W: Oh, how I envy you! Usually I’ve got loads of ideas, but nothing’s coming this time. I’m unwilling to ask Mrs. Watson for help because I feel so shy.
M: Well, she’d be the best person to ask. Or how about looking for some storybooks in the library? That could spark some ideas.
W: Honestly, I can’t think of anything. I’ll have to turn to Mrs. Watson for help. It will be due in two days.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the book about?
A. Native plants. B. Famous people. C. Wild animals.
11. Why does Jason read the book?
A. To get relaxed. B. To learn something. C. To share stories.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you reading, Jason?
M: A book written by a wildlife biologist, David A. Steen. He shares stories about wild animals that have been successfully reintroduced to an environment after becoming almost extinct.
W: So why did you choose to read such a book? You usually just read classic novels.
M: That’s true. But occasionally I also read non-fictions such as features and travel writing. I read this book because I really care about endangered animals. I hope I can learn about them and do something to help them.
W: So does the book offer tips on how kids can help?
M: Yes. It says we can start at home. For example, if you have an outside area, you can plant native plants that will be attractive to insects and birds.
W: That sounds like a good idea. Why don’t we tell Dad about that? We can work in the garden together.
M: Good idea. If we want to help, we should take action.
W: I can’t agree more.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the man doing?
A. Conducting an interview. B. Applying for a course. C. Planning an activity.
14. How long will the course run this year?
A. 6 weeks. B. 7 weeks. C. 8 weeks.
15. What surprised the woman last year?
A. The rain was heavy.
B. Assistants were inexperienced.
C. Many children attended the course.
16. What new activities will be added this year?
A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. We are lucky to have Molly Taylor here today. Molly is organizing an activity course for the summer holidays. Molly, this is the second year of the course, isn’t it?
W: Yes. The summer course operated for the first time last year for a six-week period. We did think about making it longer this year and having a seven-week course, as two schools have eight-week holidays. But in the end we decided to keep to the same plan as last year.
M: But, as I understand, last year’s course wasn’t a complete success, was it?
W: Well, we were actually very surprised by the number of people interested in the course. We didn’t actually have enough assistants to look after all the children. Besides, there was such a lot of rain that we couldn’t go outside as often as we wanted to.
M: So, what activities can the children look forward to this year?
W: Well, once again there’ll be artists and musicians who will lead creative classes. We also considered providing some more exciting adventure sports. But we decided not to, in the end. Instead we’re introducing some fun programs. I think it’ll be fun for the children.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the latest exhibition about?
A. Weather. B. Technology. C. Geography.
18. Which floor is the new cafe on?
A. The 2nd floor. B. The 3rd floor. C. The 5th floor.
19. What food is the most popular among students?
A. Cakes. B. Pancakes. C. Sandwiches.
20. When will the science quiz be held?
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Thank you for calling the Science Museum Information Line. We have two exciting pieces of news! As well as our usual exhibitions at the museum, if you visit us in July, you can see our latest exhibition which is all about weather. Do you know where the coldest and hottest places are in the world? If you visit this exhibition in the science gallery on the second floor, you will learn everything you ever wanted to know about thunderstorms and windy weather. There are recordings of interviews with the weather experts and some interesting videos and photos. Then come and have lunch in our new cafe on the fifth floor. Our menu includes sandwiches, pancakes, salads and an excellent variety of teas, coffees and cold drinks. The special cakes are the most popular among students. Secondly, we are pleased to say that there will be a student science quiz again this year. There should be 4 people in each team, so find 3 friends who are good at science and between the ages of 15 and 18. You can register your team online. The quiz will be just before the new September term, in the afternoon of August 30th.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
2022 Year in Review: Look What They Built!
To recap 2022, we are taking a look back at some of the most interesting stories we’ve covered this year. Today we’re looking at some of the incredible things that humans were building and creating in 2022.
Turkey Opens World’s Longest Suspension Bridge
MARCH 29, 2022
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan opens the 1915 Canakkale Bridge on Mareh 18, 2022.
On March 18, Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan opened a huge bridge that sets a new record for the world’s longest suspension bridge. The “1915 Canakkale Bridge” crosses Turkey’s Dardanelles Strait, linking Europe and Asia.
Satellite Internet Service Changes the World
MARCH 30, 2022
Map showing location of satellites in Starlink ‘satellite constellation’.
Starlink, a new satellite internet system from the company SpaceX, is changing the world more quickly than many people expected. The system can be very useful in remote areas and emergency situations, but it also presents several important problems.
Using Oil Wells to Create Power from the Earth’s Heat
APRIL 21, 2022
Oil well in a green field in Weld County, Colorado against a backdrop of cloudy skies.
As the world tries to quit fossil fuels, there’s a lot of focus on renewable energy sources like wind and solar. But one very promising source of energy comes from deep inside the Earth. And old oil wells could help greatly in developing this power.
World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Train Line
AUGUST 30, 2022
A nearly head-on view of one of the Coradia iLint hydrogen-powered trains now running in Lower Saxony, Germany. The world’s first fully hydrogen-powered train line has officially begun running in Germany. The trains make almost no noise and run without polluting. Germany is planning to replace many of its trains with hydrogen trains.
21. What’s known about the 1915 Canakkale Bridge?
A. It was completed on March 18, 2022. B. It fairly connects two large continents.
C. It is used for emergency situations. D. It sets a new record for the world’s longest bridge.
22. What do the last two listed achievements have in common?
A. They are both greener attempts. B. They promise new ways of travelling.
C. They focus on potentials deep inside the Earth. D. They both avoid sustainable source of energy.
23. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A geographical textbook. B. An annual plan of a community.
C. The newspaper. D. Science fictions.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2022年报道过的大事件。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Turkey Opens World’s Longest Suspension Bridge中的“The “1915 Canakkale Bridge” crosses Turkey’s Dardanelles Strait, linking Europe and Asia. (“1915年卡纳卡莱大桥”横跨土耳其达达尼尔海峡，连接欧洲和亚洲)”可知，1915 Canakkale Bridge连接了欧、亚两大洲。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Using Oil Wells to Create Power from the Earth’s Heat中的“As the world tries to quit fossil fuels, there’s a lot of focus on renewable energy sources like wind and solar. But one very promising source of energy comes from deep inside the Earth. And old oil wells could help greatly in developing this power. (随着世界试图放弃化石燃料，人们越来越关注风能和太阳能等可再生能源。但有一种非常有前景的能源来自地球深处。而老油井可以极大地帮助开发这种力量)”和World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Train Line中的“The trains make almost no noise and run without polluting. (这些火车几乎没有噪音，运行时也没有污染)”可知，最后两项均对环境有益，是更环保的尝试。故选A项。
23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“To recap 2022, we are taking a look back at some of the most interesting stories we’ve covered this year. (回顾2022年，我们将回顾今年我们报道的一些最有趣的故事)”可知，文章主要介绍了2022年报道过的大事件，可能出自“报纸”。故选C项。
B
A 54-year-old homeless man from Saskatchewan stays awake at night to ensure other homeless people in his community survive the cold winter nights. Ernest McPherson goes around the small town of Meadow Lake in the early hours to check up on two dozen fellow homeless people sleeping in cars or run-down buildings.
As Meadow Lake doesn’t have any shelters for the homeless, these delicate people have nowhere to warm up at night. So McPherson tries to help them out by giving them some warm clothes, or taking them to the lobby of an ATM, or to the local 7-Eleven to warm up a little.
“It’s like there’s nowhere in the world for them and nobody wants them,” McPherson shared with CBC, adding: “They’re really happy when they see me come along, and I’m really happy to find them alive because it doesn’t take long to freeze out here.”
The inspiration behind McPherson’s new-found role as a watch guard came after he nearly froze to death in a -38°C snowstorm last year. “I lost direction and time… so I sat down for a minute, and thought I’d rest for a minute. I fell asleep. I had a guardian angel that night. She came and kicked me in the foot.”
Well, that kick is helping McPherson keep others alive. This year he has managed to raise $300 from his friends and has bought a truck camper.
However, he describes the camper as an “ice box”, so he says “until there’s a shelter, I’ll be here, patrolling (巡逻) every night.”
And through his example, the community is responding to helping those living on the streets. Businesses have donated money, and the Door of Hope has been opened by the Meadow Outreach Ministries, giving 20-hour access to warmth at the drop in center each day.
While McPherson continues to help those in need, his story reminds us of the importance of always looking for ways to help others, even if we’re faced with our own difficulties.
24. Why is it hard for the homeless in winter in Meadow Lake?
A. There’s no job offered. B. There are few people there.
C. There are no shelters for them. D. There’s abnormal weather.
25. What inspired McPherson to begin the action of patrolling?
A. His occupation. B. His own experience.
C. His lack of direction. D. His desire to be recognized.
26. How did the community react to McPherson’s example?
A. By donating clothes. B. By giving out food each day.
C. By setting up shelters. D. By offering free access to warmth.
27. Which words can best describe McPherson?
A. Caring and helpful. B. Humorous and brave.
C. Wise and patient. D. Dependent and competent.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了无家可归者McPherson帮助其他无家可归者度过寒冷深夜的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As Meadow Lake doesn’t have any shelters for the homeless, these delicate people have nowhere to warm up at night.（由于梅多湖没有为无家可归者提供任何庇护所，这些脆弱的人晚上没有地方取暖。）”可知，该地没有无家可归者的庇护所。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The inspiration behind McPherson’s new-found role as a watch guard came after he nearly froze to death in a -38°C snowstorm last year.（去年，McPherson在零下38摄氏度的暴风雪中差点被冻死，于是他就有了这个新工作的灵感。）”可知，McPherson之所以晚上巡逻是因为他个人的经历。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Businesses have donated money, and the Door of Hope has been opened by the Meadow Outreach Ministries, giving 20-hour access to warmth at the drop in center each day.（企业纷纷捐款，希望之门也由梅多社区外展组打开，每天在中心提供20小时的温暖。）”可知，社区通过提供免费的取暖回应McPherson的例子。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，无家可归者McPherson通过为其他无家可归者巡逻，提供暖和的衣服，带他们到暖和一点的地方，以及筹钱买来卡车露营车等方式，帮助他们度过寒冷深夜。由此推知，他关心他人，乐于助人。故选A项。
C
When you think of 3D-printing, you may think of small objects. But three companies are working together to print something much bigger. They’ re using a giant 3D printer to create what they say is the first two-storey 3D-printed house in the US.
Usually, 3D-printing involves a machine building something by putting down many layers of a material — often hot plastic. When the material hardens, the layers stick together to create a finished object. The method here is similar, but uses concrete.
Leslie Lok, who designed the house, says there are special challenges involved in printing a two-storey house. One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive, weighing over 12 tons.
Ms. Lok says printing the house will take the massive machine about 330 hours. That’s about eight normal work weeks. But the team isn’t in a rush. “We are not trying to beat the clock,” says Hikmat Zerbe, who works for CIVE. Instead, they’ re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts “under different weather conditions”. They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper. Mr. Zerbe says that currently, 3D-printing a house with concrete costs more than building a house with wood.
With time, Mr. Zerbe expects the costs of 3D-printing houses to go down. He thinks printers will improve and make it easier to create more houses quickly. 3D-printed concrete houses are stronger and hold up better in serious storms than houses built with wood. This can save money in the long run. Since the machine is doing the building, fewer workers are needed, which also saves money.
28. What do we know about the first 3D-printed house?
A. It’s newly-designed by Mr. Zerbe. B. It will be a building with three floors.
C. It is built with hot plastic. D. It was created by a huge big machine.
29. What do the underlined words “beat the clock” in the fourth paragraph probably mean?
A. Concentrate on the task. B. Hit something suddenly.
C. Accomplish something quickly. D. Invent something special.
30 Why will the first 3D-printed house be completed in a long time?
A. To better learn the new technology. B. To save the cost of building.
C. To free labors completely. D. To make the machine have breaks.
31. What does Mr. Zerbe think of 3D-printing in houses?
A. Risky. B. Promising. C. Harmful. D. Changeable.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使用3D技术打印的第一座房子。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive, weighing over 12 tons.(其中最大的一个是建筑物所需机器的大小，休斯顿的3D打印机是巨大的，重量超过12吨)”可知，建这所房子的3D机器需要非常大。故选D。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“But the team isn’t in a rush.(但是这个团队并不着急)”和下文“Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses.(相反，他们把这个房子当作一个大型实验室来学习更多关于3D的知识)”可知，他们并不急于赶工。由此可知，划线词组beat the clock与Accomplish something quickly(快速完成某件事)意思接近。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory“ to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts ”under different weather conditions”. They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper.(相反，他们把这个房子当作一个大型实验室来学习更更多的多关于3D的知识，他们想看看在不同天气条件下混凝土的反应，他们还想弄清楚如何使得3D打印更快更便宜)”可推知，第一次3D打印房子不着急的原因是为了更好地了解，掌握此项新技术。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“With time, Mr. Zerbe expects the costs of 3 D-printing houses to go down. He thinks printers will improve and make it easier to create more houses quickly.(Mr. Zerbe预计，随着时间推移，3D打印房屋的成本会下降，他认为，打印机会改善使得他更容易地快速创造更多房屋)”可推知，他对该项技术满怀期许，认为其前途可期。故选B。
D
Many of us are familiar with the anxiety that can consume us ahead of speaking or performing in public. Throats run dry, sweat drops, and it can feel like everyone hears your quickly beating heart. But scientists wondered: Is the anxiety driving the heart to beat faster or could an increased heart rate cause anxiety?
A new study published today explores this link in mice, showing that speeding up a mouse’s heart rate made otherwise calm animals act more anxious. The finding indicates heart activity can influence mental state — and finding ways to lower heart rate may be a way to treat mood disorders such as anxiety and depression.
The research team introduced ChRmine (泵状光敏感通道蛋白) into heart muscle cells of live mice whose torsos (躯干) were fitted with a vest equipped with a micro light-emitting bulb (电灯泡). Light from the bulb then shined the skin of the mice to stimulate ChRmine within the cells. The result: a small pacemaker made the animals’ hearts beat faster.
Because the team could just turn the light on and off, “we were now able to control heart rates using this wearable,” said Ritchie Chen, a bioengineer at Stanford and an author of the study.
In the future, Deisseroth and his team want to make periods longer than used in the current experiment to see whether increased heart rate over weeks or months can lead to an increase or worsening of anxiety or depression like behaviors.
If the findings can be copied in other settings, particularly with people, they could have potentials for treating mental health conditions. Current medicines are not foolproof and often take months to work. Going through the heart may be a quicker, more effective alternative. “Operating the heart is much easier than operating the brain,” Gogolla says. “We may actually unlock new treatment strategies for patients with anxiety or depressive disorder.”
32. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To prove previous theories. B. To show the puzzle of the scientists.
C. To highlight the importance of the findings. D. To explain the background knowledge of the study.
33. Why is the bulb used in the experiment?
A. To see more clearly. B. To relieve anxiety.
C. To stimulate ChRmine in the cells. D. To rid the fear of mice.
34. What does Gogolla suggest?
A. Clarifying the purpose of the study. B. Realizing the potential of the findings.
C. Conducting research on human beings only. D. Carrying out new strategies in the experiment.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. New Dawn on Mood Disorders B. Links between the Heart and the Brain
C. Mice Are More Sensitive than Human D. A Newly-designed Vest Is on Sale
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新研究发现心脏活动可以影响心理状态，而寻找降低心率的方法可能是治疗焦虑和抑郁等情绪障碍的一种方法。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Many of us are familiar with the anxiety that can consume us ahead of speaking or performing in public. Throats run dry, sweat drops, and it can feel like everyone hears your quickly beating heart. But scientists wondered: Is the anxiety driving the heart to beat faster or could an increased heart rate cause anxiety?”（我们中的许多人都熟悉在公开演讲或表演之前会消耗我们的焦虑。喉咙发干，汗水滴落，感觉每个人都能听到你快速跳动的心脏。但科学家们想知道：是焦虑驱使心脏跳得更快，还是心率加快导致焦虑？）可知，该段描述了许多人熟悉的焦虑，提出了疑问，因此解释了新的研究的背景知识。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Light from the bulb then shined the skin of the mice to stimulate ChRmine within the cells.”（然后灯泡发出的光照射到老鼠的皮肤上，刺激细胞内的泵状光敏感通道蛋白。）可知，实验中用到灯泡是为了刺激细胞内的泵状光敏感通道蛋白。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Gogolla的话“Operating the heart is much easier than operating the brain”（操作心脏比操作大脑容易得多）和“We may actually unlock new treatment strategies for patients with anxiety or depressive disorder.”（我们可能会为焦虑或抑郁症患者提供新的治疗策略。）可知，Gogolla认为研究也许可以通过操作心脏来治疗为焦虑或抑郁症患者。因此，他是在建议要认识到研究结果的潜力。故选B项。
【35题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了新研究发现心脏活动可以影响心理状态，而寻找降低心率的方法可能是治疗焦虑和抑郁等情绪障碍的一种方法。因此，A项“情绪障碍的新曙光”突出了研究结果，符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to greatly improve your results in whatever goal you are trying to obtain, there is one thing you can do to make this happen. ___36___ By understanding this, you will see just why the method I am going to tell will work so well.
Normally when people set a goal, the excitement is high and the energy level is plentiful. ___37___ This is great, but what normally happens after a few weeks or months is that they start going into a passive state of mind. Basically, their intensity level drop sharply and they find themselves less passionate about obtaining their goals. So to greatly improve your results, you must increase your intensity.
___38___ If you’ve ever played a sport where you compote with your opponent, you will notice that often you can defeat a person with more skills than you by simply playing at a higher intensity level than they are playing.
I have experienced this myself many times playing various sports. For some reason, whenever I compete with someone who I know is better than me, my intensity level goes through the roof. ___39___ The odd thing is that even if they are more skilled than me, I sometimes find myself being able to beat them or at least come very close. In contrast, when I compete with someone who I know I can beat, my intensity level is usually a lot lower.
___40___ If you want to greatly improve your results in achieving your goals, you need to increase your intensity, and the way you do that is by seeing yourself as the underdog. When you run after your goals with that kind of intensity compared to going at it in a passive manner, you will greatly increase your odds of obtaining your goals.
A. Here’s what I am getting at.
B. Let’s look at an example of this in the world of sports.
C. So they go out and start taking massive amounts of action.
D. It’s the voice inside of you that screams, “I will not back down!”
E. I will go all out just to be able to keep up with their level of play.
F. Before I get into that though, let’s take a look at how most people try to achieve their goals.
G. However, you can still increase your intensity simply to achieve your goals in the first place.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. B 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何更好地实现自己的目标。
【36题详解】
前文“If you want to greatly improve your results in whatever goal you are trying to obtain, there is one thing you can do to make this happen.（无论你想达到什么目标，如果你想大大提高你的结果，你可以做一件事来实现它。）”引出实现目标的话题，后文“By understanding this, you will see just why the method I am going to tell will work so well.（理解了这一点，你就会明白为什么我要讲的方法会如此有效。）”为介绍方法进行铺垫，F项“Before I get into that though, let’s take a look at how most people try to achieve their goals.（在我进入这个话题之前，让我们看看大多数人是如何实现他们的目标的。）”符合语境，提出看大多数人实现目标的方法，承上启下，其中的“that”指代前文的“one thing”，而后文的“this”指代其中的“how most people try to achieve their goals”。故选F。
【37题详解】
前文“Normally when people set a goal, the excitement is high and the energy level is plentiful.（通常情况下，当人们设定一个目标时，兴奋程度很高，精力充沛。）”描述人们设定目标时的兴奋，后文“This is great, but what normally happens after a few weeks or months is that they start going into a passive state of mind.（这很好，但通常在几周或几个月后，他们就会开始进入被动的思维状态。）”说明人们进入被动思维状态，C项“So they go out and start taking massive amounts of action.（所以他们走出去，开始采取大量的行动。）”符合语境，说明人们开始采取行动，承上启下，是前文兴奋的结果，也是后文“This”所指的内容。故选C。
【38题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“If you’ve ever played a sport where you compote with your opponent, you will notice that often you can defeat a person with more skills than you by simply playing at a higher intensity level than they are playing.（如果你曾经参加过一项与对手竞争的运动，你就会注意到，你通常可以通过比对手更高的强度来击败比你技能更高的人。）”用具体的竞技运动的例子来说明需要提高强度，B项“Let’s look at an example of this in the world of sports.（让我们来看看体育界的一个例子。）”符合语境，引出后面的例子。故选B。
【39题详解】
前文“For some reason, whenever I compete with someone who I know is better than me, my intensity level goes through the roof.（出于某种原因，每当我和比我强的人比赛时，我的强度就会飙升。）”描述和更强的对手比赛时表现出的高强度，E项“I will go all out just to be able to keep up with their level of play.（我将全力以赴，只是为了能跟上他们的水平。）”符合语境，说明表现出高强度的目的，承接前文，其中的“their”指代前文的“someone who I know is better than me”。故选E。
【40题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段后内容。后文“If you want to greatly improve your results in achieving your goals, you need to increase your intensity, and the way you do that is by seeing yourself as the underdog. When you run after your goals with that kind of intensity compared to going at it in a passive manner, you will greatly increase your odds of obtaining your goals.（如果你想在实现目标的过程中大大提高你的成绩，你需要增加你的强度，而你这样做的方法就是把自己看成是弱者。当你以这种强度去追求你的目标，而不是被动地去做，你会大大增加你实现目标的几率。）”建议通过增加强度，视自己为弱者去实现目标，A项“Here’s what I am getting at.（这里是我想说的。）”符合语境，自然过渡到后文的对全文的总结。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Haney had his biggest adventure last month. His owner, 75 years old Delores Bushong ___41___ Haney didn’t come in. As it got dark, she ___42___ to worry. Then she heard mewling (啜泣), looked up and spotted Haney on a branch near the top of a neighbor’s ___43___ .
Haney was scared by some dogs. The more scared he got the ___44___ he climbed. Bushong, worried about getting Haney down, reached out to a local tree company. But the crew said it wasn’t ___45___ to go so high up into the tree. Ed Baptiste, the tree owner, let Bushong sit in his backyard and called to Haney. Another ___46___ donated a can of fishes, hoping to attract the hungry cat. One called a local business, which had a tall ladder. ___47___ , the ladder proved too short.
By day five, nothing had ___48___ . Then a neighbour shared how her sister got her cat down from a tree. She ___49___ a system by lowering a rope around a tall branch, then raising a basket with the owners’ personal items. The cat climbed into the basket and was ____50____ . They decided to try this. Bushong ____51____ a small basket with some of Haney’s ____52____ things. They successfully positioned the basket below him. To their delight, he jumped in and they lowered him.
Haney’s adventure ____53____ his grateful owner a lesson about neighbors. “I can’t believe how many people ____54____ help,” she said. “Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good. It gives me hope and ____55____ .”
41. A. noticed B. guessed C. decided D. trusted
42 A. refused B. began C. promised D. pretended
43. A. roof B. chimney C. ladder D. tree
44. A. farther B. slower C. higher D. easier
45. A. necessary B. safe C. tough D. impossible
46. A. neighbour B. friend C. relative D. colleague
47. A. Hopefully B. Gradually C. Unfortunately D. Unforgettably
48. A. suffered B. proved C. changed D. worked
49. A. created B. updated C. measured D. possessed
50. A. cut down B. got down C. broke down D. torn down
51. A. gathered B. fixed C. connected D. filled
52 A. useful B. helpful C. favourite D. beneficial
53. A. lent B. taught C. trained D. owed
54. A. offered B. donated C. received D. practised
55. A. energy B. patience C. warmth D. courage
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了75岁的德洛雷斯·布松在邻居的帮助下救下了她的宠物猫。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的主人，75岁的德洛雷斯·布松注意到哈尼没有进来。A. noticed注意到；B. guessed猜测；C. decided决定；D. trusted信任。根据下文“Haney didn’t come in”和“Then she heard mewling(啜泣), looked up and spotted Haney on a branch near the top of a neighbor’s ___3___ . ”可知哈尼的主人，75岁的德洛雷斯·布松注意到哈尼没有回来。故答案为A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着天黑，她开始担心。A. refused拒绝；B. began开始；C. promised许诺；D. pretended假装。根据上句“As it got dark”可知天黑的时候，德洛雷斯·布松开始担心哈尼的安全。故答案为B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她听到了呜咽声，抬头一看，发现哈尼在邻居树顶附近的树枝上。A. roof屋顶；B. chimney烟囱；C. ladder梯子；D. tree树。根据后文“Then a neighbour shared how her sister got her cat down from a tree.”可知。后来邻居分享了她姐姐是如何把她的猫从树上弄下来的。说明哈尼应该在树上。故答案为D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他越害怕，就爬得越高。A. farther更远的；B. slower更慢的；C. higher更高的；D. easier更容易的。根据常识和上句“The more scared he got”可知越害怕，就爬得越高。故答案为C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但工作人员说爬到这么高的树上不安全。A. necessary必须的；B. safe安全的；C. tough艰难的；D. impossible不可能的。 根据空后“to go so high up into the tree.”可知爬到这么高的树上不安全。故答案为B。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一位邻居捐赠了一罐鱼，希望能吸引这只饥饿的猫。A. neighbour邻居；B. friend朋友；C. relative亲戚；D. colleague同事。根据后文“Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good. It gives me hope and ___15___ .”推知，社区的邻居拿了鱼罐头送给德洛雷斯·布松，希望可以把猫吸引下来。故答案为A。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸地，梯子证明太短了。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Unforgettably难以忘怀地。根据下句“the ladder proved too short”可知事实证明梯子太短了，说明这是不幸的。故答案为C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到第五天 ，没有什么奏效。A. suffered遭受；B. proved证明；C. changed改变；D. worked工作，奏效。根据下句“Then a neighbour shared how her sister got her cat down from a tree.”可知，然后一个邻居分享了她姐姐是如何把她的猫从树上弄下来的。说明之前的五天所使用的办法都没有奏效，也就是猫没有下来。故答案为D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她创造了一个系统，将一根绳子绕在一个高高的树枝上，然后升起一个装有主人个人物品的篮子。A. created创造；B. updated更新；C. measured测量 ；D. possessed拥有。 根据下句“by lowering a rope around a tall branch, then raising a basket with the owners’ personal items”可知，邻居分享了她姐姐是如何把她的猫从树上弄下来的，她通过将一根绳子绕在一个高高的树枝上，然后升起一个装有主人个人物品的篮子，这是她创造的一个方法。故答案为A。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那只猫爬进篮子，下来了。A. cut down砍倒；B. got down下来；C. broke down坏了；D. torn down拆掉。根据上句“The cat climbed into the basket”可知那只猫爬进篮子，被放了下来。故答案为B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：布松在一个小篮子里装满了哈尼最喜欢的东西。A. gathered聚集；B. fixed安装，修理；C. connected连接；D. filled填充。根据前文“a basket with the owners’ personal items”可知，篮子里装满了东西。fill sth. with sth.“装满某物”。故答案为D。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. useful有用的；B. helpful乐于助人的；C. favourite 最喜欢的；D. beneficial有好处的。根据后文“To their delight, he jumped in and they lowered him.”可知，猫跳进篮子里，说明里面放的都是哈尼喜欢的食物。故答案为C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈尼的冒险给心存感激的主人上了一堂关于邻居的课。A. lent借出；B. taught教；C. trained训练；D. owed欠。根据后文“Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good. It gives me hope”可知住在一个充满爱心的人的社区让人感觉很好。说明哈尼的冒险给心存感激的主人上了一堂关于邻居的课。故答案为B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真不敢相信这么多人提供帮助。A. offered提供；B. donated捐赠；C. received接收；D. practised练习。根据前文“One called a local business, which had a tall ladder.”等内容可知一个人给本地企业打了电话，这个企业有一个很高的梯子，有人分享经验等，说明邻居都主动帮助她。故答案为A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：住在一个充满爱心的人的社区让我感觉很好。它给了我希望和温暖。A. energy精力；B. patience耐心；C. warmth温暖；D. courage勇气。根据上句“Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good.”可知住在充满爱心的人的社区感觉很好，给了卜松希望和温暖。故答案为C。
第二节(共10小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lying in southeastern Tibet autonomous region and in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon (峡谷) is the world’s ___56___(big) and deepest canyon and the largest water vapor (蒸汽) channel on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It ___57___(combine) high peaks with deep canyons — a rare natural wonder in the world’s history of river ___58___(develop).
As the Yarlung Zangbo River took a horseshoe-shaped turn around Mount Namjagbarwa and then ran towards the Indian Ocean, the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon ___59___(create). It is surrounded with snow-capped peaks, glaciers and forests, ___60___(awe) waterfalls, hot springs, clear streams as well as ___61___(rush) rivers.
The Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon at the eastern end of the Himalayan range is home ___62___ Mount Namjagbarwa, the highest mountain close to Nyingchi city, with ___63___ altitude of 7,782 meters. The holy mountain of the Bon is considered as “the father of the Tibetan mountains”. Yet the snow peak does not show up very often. The fact ___64___ it is often hiding in mist adds to the mysterious quality of the holy mountain. The canyon has various geological ____65____(phenomenon) and is considered a rare “geological museum”.
【答案】56. biggest
57. combines
58. development
59. was created
60. awesome
61. rushing
62. to 63. an
64. that 65. phenomena
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从地理角度详细介绍了雅鲁藏布大峡谷。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：雅鲁藏布大峡谷位于西藏自治区东南部，雅鲁藏布江下游，是世界上最大最深的峡谷，也是青藏高原上最大的水汽通道。结合句意和空后的“deepest”可推知，此处表示“世界上最大最深的峡谷”，空处应用big的最高级形式。故填biggest。
【57题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它结合了高山和深谷，是世界河流发展史上罕见的自然奇观。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子在描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是It，应用combine的第三人称单数形式。故填combines。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：它结合了高山和深谷，是世界河流发展史上罕见的自然奇观。分析句子可知，空处被river修饰，作介词of的宾语，应用develop的名词形式development“发展”，抽象概念不可数。故填development。
【59题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当雅鲁藏布江在南贾格巴瓦山形成马蹄形的转弯，然后流向印度洋时，雅鲁藏布大峡谷就形成了。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，结合句意和As引导的时间状语从句中的took可知，时态应为一般过去时，create和主语the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be用was。故填was created。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它被白雪皑皑的山峰、冰川和森林、令人敬畏的瀑布、温泉、清澈的溪流和湍急的河流所包围。分析句子可知，空处是修饰waterfalls的定语，应用awe的形容词形式awesome，意为“令人敬畏的”。故填awesome。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它被白雪皑皑的山峰、冰川和森林、令人敬畏的瀑布、温泉、清澈的溪流和湍急的河流所包围。分析句子可知，空处是修饰rivers的定语，应用形容词，rushing“急速流动的”符合题意。故填rushing。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：雅鲁藏布大峡谷位于喜马拉雅山脉的东端，是靠近林芝市的最高山峰南贾格巴瓦山的所在地，海拔7782米。此处用固定短语be home to，意为“是……的所在地”，空处应用介词to。故填to。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：雅鲁藏布大峡谷位于喜马拉雅山脉的东端，是靠近林芝市的最高山峰南贾格巴瓦山的所在地，海拔7782米。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一种”，应用不定冠词，且altitude以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【64题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：它经常隐藏在雾中，这增加了圣山的神秘气质。分析句子可知，空处引导后面的it is often hiding in mist，作The fact的同位语，句子成分和语义完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
【65题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：峡谷有各种地质现象，被认为是难得的“地质博物馆”。根据“various”可知，空处应用phenomenon的复数形式phenomena，表示“各种地质现象”。故填phenomena。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是校学生会主席。你校最近要举办一个换书活动, 请用英文写一则通知, 通知校国际部的学生。内容包括:
1. 活动目的;
2. 活动安排;
3. 邀请参加。
注意:
1. 词数 80 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
【答案】Notice
To better enjoy reading and improve our interest in reading, a book-exchange activity will take place in the school library hall at 4: 30 next Monday. It will last for two hours. All the students are welcome to participate with at least one book to exchange with others. We can also share our reading experience and opinions on some books in the discussion sections. There are also professional tips for reading from our teachers if you are in need of help in reading or reading habits. You are bound to have a great time there.
The Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一则通知，通知校国际部的学生最近要举办一个换书活动。其内容包括活动目的、活动安排和邀请参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提升：improve →promote
也：also→as well
观点：opinion→viewpoint
帮助：help→assistance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You are bound to have a great time there.
拓展句：I am sure that you will have a great time there.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To better enjoy reading and improve our interest in reading, a book-exchange activity will take place in the school library hall at 4: 30 next Monday.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】 There are also professional tips for reading from our teachers if you are in need of help in reading or reading habits. （运用了if引导的状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Special Hero
Candalaria Villanueva, a 62-year-old man was enjoying fishing casually as usual a few miles off the shore one day, when a sudden storm came and pulled his little boat into the deep sea. He tried all his strength and skills he mastered to handle the boat over the rough waters. Unfortunately, the storm became fiercer and his boat was out of his control completely. Eventually the strong storm threw his boat upside down and he fell into the cold sea water. He surely could swim. But the day grew so dark that he couldn’t tell where the shore was. He just swam with the wave to save some energy.
After a long while, Candalaria Villanueva struggled not to give up, thinking of his devoted wife and lovely granddaughter. “Maybe my dear wife is waiting for my fish excitedly as usual and my little girl is desiring to see my return and gatherings today. They may have been glad to see the fish I got before. But now…I will be back! I surely will be back!” he made his resolve again and again.
Floating a while and then swimming a while aimlessly, Candalaria Villanueva tried to find someone to help, but in vain. All he could see was only cold water in all directions. No one, no ship, even no bird. As the sky grew darker, all his strength nearly ran out and he found he was just at the point of giving up. Suddenly Candalaria Villanueva caught sight of something big swimming towards him. A shark? Oh, no! Great fear seized his heart bitterly.
The big dark thing swam around him for several circles and finally came closer. Oh, to his great relief, it was, as a matter of fact, a giant sea turtle. It seemingly showed no intention of harm and just swam around him. Just out of curiosity or something else? Maybe it is here just to help!
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Candalaria Villanueva decided to hold on to the turtle with his remaining strength.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Philippine Navy spotted something before its large boat and even in the way.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Candalaria Villanueva decided to hold on to the turtle with his remaining strength. He finally held on to it with the seemingly approval of the turtle and was able to grab onto its shell. The animal swam with him on its back on and on, for two whole days without stopping to dive down the depths of the ocean for food. Candalaria Villanueva regained part of his energy and wondered where the turtle would bring him because there’s no ship, nor men could be seen in the long distance.
The Philippine Navy spotted something before its large boat and even in the way. The pilot recognized it through the telescope, “A man hanging on to the back of a sea turtle!” The boat stopped and someone came on lifeboats. When Candalaria Villanueva was taken in by the sailors on the ship, the turtle even made sure that he was in safe hands by circling the ship three times before diving down back into the ocean. Candalaria Villanueva thought he was blessed to be saved from the shipwreck by a sea creature. He was grateful to the sea turtle.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Candalaria Villanueva在钓鱼的时候，遇到暴风雨，掉到海水里，他努力求生，遇到一只海龟。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Candalaria Villanueva决定用他剩下的力量抓住海龟。”可知，第一段可描写Candalaria Villanueva抓住了海龟，海龟背着他游及其他的感想。
②由第二段首句内容“菲律宾海军在其大船前发现了一些东西，这些东西甚至挡住了去路。”可知，第二段可描写菲律宾海军发现了Candalaria Villanueva，并营救他，及其海龟当时的反应。
2.续写线索：Candalaria Villanueva决定抓住海龟——海龟背着他游——菲律宾海军发现他们——他被营救——海龟确认他安全——感到幸运
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抓住：grab onto/catch hold of
②恢复：regain/refresh
③拯救：save/rescue
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/thankful/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Candalaria Villanueva regained part of his energy and wondered where the turtle would bring him because there’s no ship, nor men could be seen in the long distance. (运用了where引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2]. When Candalaria Villanueva was taken in by the sailors on the ship, the turtle even made sure that he was in safe hands by circling the ship three times before diving down back into the ocean. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)
2023年“江南十校”高二阶段联考
高二英语
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清晰。
3. 请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 保持答题卡卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
5. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the woman get to the airport?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By bus.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Thanks for offering to drive me to the airport, Bob.
M: You are welcome. Taking the bus may waste you a lot of time, and it is difficult for you to get a taxi in the rush hour.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man want to change his job?
A. He’s got a better job offer. B. He isn’t pleased with his pay. C. He can’t do his job well.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: How do you like your new job?
M: Actually I’m thinking about changing my job.
W: Why? You did pretty well.
M: But I’m not very satisfied with my salary.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman suggest doing next Saturday?
A. Meeting Janet. B. Going to a play. C. Booking some tickets.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: There is a good comedy on at the Royal Theater next Saturday. Would you like to go with me?
M: Of course. Well, I’ll ask Janet if she is free. Then I can book seats for us.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man think of Mr. Brooklyn’s speech?
A. Easy. B. Confusing. C. Great.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What do you think of Mr. Brooklyn’s speech?
W: I guess it was easy, but I was confused. He spoke too fast.
M: If you focused on what he said, you would find it really interesting.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A disaster. B. An adventure. C. A traffic accident.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s so terrible that heavy rainfall has caused floods in the city.
W: Yes. Hundreds of passengers were trapped for hours in flooded subway cars. Luckily, they were rescued the next morning.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where will the man volunteer during the holiday?
A. At an old person’s house. B. At a nursing home. C. At a park.
7. What will the man do?
A. Do some gardening work. B. Plan a dance performance. C. Play magic tricks.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning. Are you still looking for volunteers?
W: Yes. We need some volunteers to visit the elderly at their homes and at some nursing homes during the coming holiday. We also need some volunteers to do some gardening work. So what do you prefer?
M: I’d like to visit some elderly people at a nursing home. So what do I need to do?
W: You can entertain them with a talent you have. They love watching performances.
M: I work as a magician.
W: Great. I’m sure you’ll greatly entertain them.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What problem does Meg have?
A. She is too shy to talk to others.
B. She can’t concentrate on her studies.
C. She doesn’t know how to start the story.
9. Who will Meg ask for help?
A. The librarian. B. Her father. C. Mrs. Watson.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s up, Meg? You seem to be in a bad mood.
W: It’s that story we’ve got to write for our English class. I haven’t started it yet. How about you?
M: I finished it last night. My dad helped me a lot. You know, he is a writer.
W: Oh, how I envy you! Usually I’ve got loads of ideas, but nothing’s coming this time. I’m unwilling to ask Mrs. Watson for help because I feel so shy.
M: Well, she’d be the best person to ask. Or how about looking for some storybooks in the library? That could spark some ideas.
W: Honestly, I can’t think of anything. I’ll have to turn to Mrs. Watson for help. It will be due in two days.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the book about?
A. Native plants. B. Famous people. C. Wild animals.
11. Why does Jason read the book?
A. To get relaxed. B. To learn something. C. To share stories.
12. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you reading, Jason?
M: A book written by a wildlife biologist, David A. Steen. He shares stories about wild animals that have been successfully reintroduced to an environment after becoming almost extinct.
W: So why did you choose to read such a book? You usually just read classic novels.
M: That’s true. But occasionally I also read non-fictions such as features and travel writing. I read this book because I really care about endangered animals. I hope I can learn about them and do something to help them.
W: So does the book offer tips on how kids can help?
M: Yes. It says we can start at home. For example, if you have an outside area, you can plant native plants that will be attractive to insects and birds.
W: That sounds like a good idea. Why don’t we tell Dad about that? We can work in the garden together.
M: Good idea. If we want to help, we should take action.
W: I can’t agree more.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the man doing?
A. Conducting an interview. B. Applying for a course. C. Planning an activity.
14. How long will the course run this year?
A. 6 weeks. B. 7 weeks. C. 8 weeks.
15. What surprised the woman last year?
A. The rain was heavy.
B. Assistants were inexperienced.
C. Many children attended the course.
16. What new activities will be added this year?
A. Adventure sports. B. Fun programs. C. Creative classes.
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. We are lucky to have Molly Taylor here today. Molly is organizing an activity course for the summer holidays. Molly, this is the second year of the course, isn’t it?
W: Yes. The summer course operated for the first time last year for a six-week period. We did think about making it longer this year and having a seven-week course, as two schools have eight-week holidays. But in the end we decided to keep to the same plan as last year.
M: But, as I understand, last year’s course wasn’t a complete success, was it?
W: Well, we were actually very surprised by the number of people interested in the course. We didn’t actually have enough assistants to look after all the children. Besides, there was such a lot of rain that we couldn’t go outside as often as we wanted to.
M: So, what activities can the children look forward to this year?
W: Well, once again there’ll be artists and musicians who will lead creative classes. We also considered providing some more exciting adventure sports. But we decided not to, in the end. Instead we’re introducing some fun programs. I think it’ll be fun for the children.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the latest exhibition about?
A. Weather. B. Technology. C. Geography.
18. Which floor is the new cafe on?
A. The 2nd floor. B. The 3rd floor. C. The 5th floor.
19. What food is the most popular among students?
A. Cakes. B. Pancakes. C. Sandwiches.
20. When will the science quiz be held?
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Thank you for calling the Science Museum Information Line. We have two exciting pieces of news! As well as our usual exhibitions at the museum, if you visit us in July, you can see our latest exhibition which is all about weather. Do you know where the coldest and hottest places are in the world? If you visit this exhibition in the science gallery on the second floor, you will learn everything you ever wanted to know about thunderstorms and windy weather. There are recordings of interviews with the weather experts and some interesting videos and photos. Then come and have lunch in our new cafe on the fifth floor. Our menu includes sandwiches, pancakes, salads and an excellent variety of teas, coffees and cold drinks. The special cakes are the most popular among students. Secondly, we are pleased to say that there will be a student science quiz again this year. There should be 4 people in each team, so find 3 friends who are good at science and between the ages of 15 and 18. You can register your team online. The quiz will be just before the new September term, in the afternoon of August 30th.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
2022 Year in Review: Look What They Built!
To recap 2022, we are taking a look back at some of the most interesting stories we’ve covered this year. Today we’re looking at some of the incredible things that humans were building and creating in 2022.
Turkey Opens World’s Longest Suspension Bridge
MARCH 29, 2022
Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan opens the 1915 Canakkale Bridge on Mareh 18, 2022.
On March 18, Turkish President Tayyip Erdogan opened a huge bridge that sets a new record for the world’s longest suspension bridge. The “1915 Canakkale Bridge” crosses Turkey’s Dardanelles Strait, linking Europe and Asia.
Satellite Internet Service Changes the World
MARCH 30, 2022
Map showing location of satellites in Starlink ‘satellite constellation’.
Starlink, a new satellite internet system from the company SpaceX, is changing the world more quickly than many people expected. The system can be very useful in remote areas and emergency situations, but it also presents several important problems.
Using Oil Wells to Create Power from the Earth’s Heat
APRIL 21, 2022
Oil well in a green field in Weld County, Colorado against a backdrop of cloudy skies.
As the world tries to quit fossil fuels, there’s a lot of focus on renewable energy sources like wind and solar. But one very promising source of energy comes from deep inside the Earth. And old oil wells could help greatly in developing this power.
World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Train Line
AUGUST 30, 2022
A nearly head-on view of one of the Coradia iLint hydrogen-powered trains now running in Lower Saxony, Germany. The world’s first fully hydrogen-powered train line has officially begun running in Germany. The trains make almost no noise and run without polluting. Germany is planning to replace many of its trains with hydrogen trains.
21. What’s known about the 1915 Canakkale Bridge?
A. It was completed on March 18, 2022. B. It fairly connects two large continents.
C. It is used for emergency situations. D. It sets a new record for the world’s longest bridge.
22. What do the last two listed achievements have in common?
A. They are both greener attempts. B. They promise new ways of travelling.
C. They focus on potentials deep inside the Earth. D. They both avoid sustainable source of energy.
23. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A geographical textbook. B. An annual plan of a community.
C. The newspaper. D. Science fictions.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2022年报道过的大事件。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Turkey Opens World’s Longest Suspension Bridge中的“The “1915 Canakkale Bridge” crosses Turkey’s Dardanelles Strait, linking Europe and Asia. (“1915年卡纳卡莱大桥”横跨土耳其达达尼尔海峡，连接欧洲和亚洲)”可知，1915 Canakkale Bridge连接了欧、亚两大洲。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Using Oil Wells to Create Power from the Earth’s Heat中的“As the world tries to quit fossil fuels, there’s a lot of focus on renewable energy sources like wind and solar. But one very promising source of energy comes from deep inside the Earth. And old oil wells could help greatly in developing this power. (随着世界试图放弃化石燃料，人们越来越关注风能和太阳能等可再生能源。但有一种非常有前景的能源来自地球深处。而老油井可以极大地帮助开发这种力量)”和World’s First Hydrogen-Powered Train Line中的“The trains make almost no noise and run without polluting. (这些火车几乎没有噪音，运行时也没有污染)”可知，最后两项均对环境有益，是更环保的尝试。故选A项。
23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“To recap 2022, we are taking a look back at some of the most interesting stories we’ve covered this year. (回顾2022年，我们将回顾今年我们报道的一些最有趣的故事)”可知，文章主要介绍了2022年报道过的大事件，可能出自“报纸”。故选C项。
B
A 54-year-old homeless man from Saskatchewan stays awake at night to ensure other homeless people in his community survive the cold winter nights. Ernest McPherson goes around the small town of Meadow Lake in the early hours to check up on two dozen fellow homeless people sleeping in cars or run-down buildings.
As Meadow Lake doesn’t have any shelters for the homeless, these delicate people have nowhere to warm up at night. So McPherson tries to help them out by giving them some warm clothes, or taking them to the lobby of an ATM, or to the local 7-Eleven to warm up a little.
“It’s like there’s nowhere in the world for them and nobody wants them,” McPherson shared with CBC, adding: “They’re really happy when they see me come along, and I’m really happy to find them alive because it doesn’t take long to freeze out here.”
The inspiration behind McPherson’s new-found role as a watch guard came after he nearly froze to death in a -38°C snowstorm last year. “I lost direction and time… so I sat down for a minute, and thought I’d rest for a minute. I fell asleep. I had a guardian angel that night. She came and kicked me in the foot.”
Well, that kick is helping McPherson keep others alive. This year he has managed to raise $300 from his friends and has bought a truck camper.
However, he describes the camper as an “ice box”, so he says “until there’s a shelter, I’ll be here, patrolling (巡逻) every night.”
And through his example, the community is responding to helping those living on the streets. Businesses have donated money, and the Door of Hope has been opened by the Meadow Outreach Ministries, giving 20-hour access to warmth at the drop in center each day.
While McPherson continues to help those in need, his story reminds us of the importance of always looking for ways to help others, even if we’re faced with our own difficulties.
24. Why is it hard for the homeless in winter in Meadow Lake?
A. There’s no job offered. B. There are few people there.
C. There are no shelters for them. D. There’s abnormal weather.
25. What inspired McPherson to begin the action of patrolling?
A. His occupation. B. His own experience.
C. His lack of direction. D. His desire to be recognized.
26. How did the community react to McPherson’s example?
A. By donating clothes. B. By giving out food each day.
C. By setting up shelters. D. By offering free access to warmth.
27. Which words can best describe McPherson?
A. Caring and helpful. B. Humorous and brave.
C. Wise and patient. D. Dependent and competent.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了无家可归者McPherson帮助其他无家可归者度过寒冷深夜的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“As Meadow Lake doesn’t have any shelters for the homeless, these delicate people have nowhere to warm up at night.（由于梅多湖没有为无家可归者提供任何庇护所，这些脆弱的人晚上没有地方取暖。）”可知，该地没有无家可归者的庇护所。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The inspiration behind McPherson’s new-found role as a watch guard came after he nearly froze to death in a -38°C snowstorm last year.（去年，McPherson在零下38摄氏度的暴风雪中差点被冻死，于是他就有了这个新工作的灵感。）”可知，McPherson之所以晚上巡逻是因为他个人的经历。故选B项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Businesses have donated money, and the Door of Hope has been opened by the Meadow Outreach Ministries, giving 20-hour access to warmth at the drop in center each day.（企业纷纷捐款，希望之门也由梅多社区外展组打开，每天在中心提供20小时的温暖。）”可知，社区通过提供免费的取暖回应McPherson的例子。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，无家可归者McPherson通过为其他无家可归者巡逻，提供暖和的衣服，带他们到暖和一点的地方，以及筹钱买来卡车露营车等方式，帮助他们度过寒冷深夜。由此推知，他关心他人，乐于助人。故选A项。
C
When you think of 3D-printing, you may think of small objects. But three companies are working together to print something much bigger. They’ re using a giant 3D printer to create what they say is the first two-storey 3D-printed house in the US.
Usually, 3D-printing involves a machine building something by putting down many layers of a material — often hot plastic. When the material hardens, the layers stick together to create a finished object. The method here is similar, but uses concrete.
Leslie Lok, who designed the house, says there are special challenges involved in printing a two-storey house. One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive, weighing over 12 tons.
Ms. Lok says printing the house will take the massive machine about 330 hours. That’s about eight normal work weeks. But the team isn’t in a rush. “We are not trying to beat the clock,” says Hikmat Zerbe, who works for CIVE. Instead, they’ re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts “under different weather conditions”. They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper. Mr. Zerbe says that currently, 3D-printing a house with concrete costs more than building a house with wood.
With time, Mr. Zerbe expects the costs of 3D-printing houses to go down. He thinks printers will improve and make it easier to create more houses quickly. 3D-printed concrete houses are stronger and hold up better in serious storms than houses built with wood. This can save money in the long run. Since the machine is doing the building, fewer workers are needed, which also saves money.
28. What do we know about the first 3D-printed house?
A. It’s newly-designed by Mr. Zerbe. B. It will be a building with three floors.
C. It is built with hot plastic. D. It was created by a huge big machine.
29. What do the underlined words “beat the clock” in the fourth paragraph probably mean?
A. Concentrate on the task. B. Hit something suddenly.
C. Accomplish something quickly. D. Invent something special.
30 Why will the first 3D-printed house be completed in a long time?
A. To better learn the new technology. B. To save the cost of building.
C. To free labors completely. D. To make the machine have breaks.
31. What does Mr. Zerbe think of 3D-printing in houses?
A. Risky. B. Promising. C. Harmful. D. Changeable.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使用3D技术打印的第一座房子。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive, weighing over 12 tons.(其中最大的一个是建筑物所需机器的大小，休斯顿的3D打印机是巨大的，重量超过12吨)”可知，建这所房子的3D机器需要非常大。故选D。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“But the team isn’t in a rush.(但是这个团队并不着急)”和下文“Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses.(相反，他们把这个房子当作一个大型实验室来学习更多关于3D的知识)”可知，他们并不急于赶工。由此可知，划线词组beat the clock与Accomplish something quickly(快速完成某件事)意思接近。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory“ to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts ”under different weather conditions”. They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper.(相反，他们把这个房子当作一个大型实验室来学习更更多的多关于3D的知识，他们想看看在不同天气条件下混凝土的反应，他们还想弄清楚如何使得3D打印更快更便宜)”可推知，第一次3D打印房子不着急的原因是为了更好地了解，掌握此项新技术。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“With time, Mr. Zerbe expects the costs of 3 D-printing houses to go down. He thinks printers will improve and make it easier to create more houses quickly.(Mr. Zerbe预计，随着时间推移，3D打印房屋的成本会下降，他认为，打印机会改善使得他更容易地快速创造更多房屋)”可推知，他对该项技术满怀期许，认为其前途可期。故选B。
D
Many of us are familiar with the anxiety that can consume us ahead of speaking or performing in public. Throats run dry, sweat drops, and it can feel like everyone hears your quickly beating heart. But scientists wondered: Is the anxiety driving the heart to beat faster or could an increased heart rate cause anxiety?
A new study published today explores this link in mice, showing that speeding up a mouse’s heart rate made otherwise calm animals act more anxious. The finding indicates heart activity can influence mental state — and finding ways to lower heart rate may be a way to treat mood disorders such as anxiety and depression.
The research team introduced ChRmine (泵状光敏感通道蛋白) into heart muscle cells of live mice whose torsos (躯干) were fitted with a vest equipped with a micro light-emitting bulb (电灯泡). Light from the bulb then shined the skin of the mice to stimulate ChRmine within the cells. The result: a small pacemaker made the animals’ hearts beat faster.
Because the team could just turn the light on and off, “we were now able to control heart rates using this wearable,” said Ritchie Chen, a bioengineer at Stanford and an author of the study.
In the future, Deisseroth and his team want to make periods longer than used in the current experiment to see whether increased heart rate over weeks or months can lead to an increase or worsening of anxiety or depression like behaviors.
If the findings can be copied in other settings, particularly with people, they could have potentials for treating mental health conditions. Current medicines are not foolproof and often take months to work. Going through the heart may be a quicker, more effective alternative. “Operating the heart is much easier than operating the brain,” Gogolla says. “We may actually unlock new treatment strategies for patients with anxiety or depressive disorder.”
32. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To prove previous theories. B. To show the puzzle of the scientists.
C. To highlight the importance of the findings. D. To explain the background knowledge of the study.
33. Why is the bulb used in the experiment?
A. To see more clearly. B. To relieve anxiety.
C. To stimulate ChRmine in the cells. D. To rid the fear of mice.
34. What does Gogolla suggest?
A. Clarifying the purpose of the study. B. Realizing the potential of the findings.
C. Conducting research on human beings only. D. Carrying out new strategies in the experiment.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. New Dawn on Mood Disorders B. Links between the Heart and the Brain
C. Mice Are More Sensitive than Human D. A Newly-designed Vest Is on Sale
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新研究发现心脏活动可以影响心理状态，而寻找降低心率的方法可能是治疗焦虑和抑郁等情绪障碍的一种方法。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Many of us are familiar with the anxiety that can consume us ahead of speaking or performing in public. Throats run dry, sweat drops, and it can feel like everyone hears your quickly beating heart. But scientists wondered: Is the anxiety driving the heart to beat faster or could an increased heart rate cause anxiety?”（我们中的许多人都熟悉在公开演讲或表演之前会消耗我们的焦虑。喉咙发干，汗水滴落，感觉每个人都能听到你快速跳动的心脏。但科学家们想知道：是焦虑驱使心脏跳得更快，还是心率加快导致焦虑？）可知，该段描述了许多人熟悉的焦虑，提出了疑问，因此解释了新的研究的背景知识。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Light from the bulb then shined the skin of the mice to stimulate ChRmine within the cells.”（然后灯泡发出的光照射到老鼠的皮肤上，刺激细胞内的泵状光敏感通道蛋白。）可知，实验中用到灯泡是为了刺激细胞内的泵状光敏感通道蛋白。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Gogolla的话“Operating the heart is much easier than operating the brain”（操作心脏比操作大脑容易得多）和“We may actually unlock new treatment strategies for patients with anxiety or depressive disorder.”（我们可能会为焦虑或抑郁症患者提供新的治疗策略。）可知，Gogolla认为研究也许可以通过操作心脏来治疗为焦虑或抑郁症患者。因此，他是在建议要认识到研究结果的潜力。故选B项。
【35题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了新研究发现心脏活动可以影响心理状态，而寻找降低心率的方法可能是治疗焦虑和抑郁等情绪障碍的一种方法。因此，A项“情绪障碍的新曙光”突出了研究结果，符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to greatly improve your results in whatever goal you are trying to obtain, there is one thing you can do to make this happen. ___36___ By understanding this, you will see just why the method I am going to tell will work so well.
Normally when people set a goal, the excitement is high and the energy level is plentiful. ___37___ This is great, but what normally happens after a few weeks or months is that they start going into a passive state of mind. Basically, their intensity level drop sharply and they find themselves less passionate about obtaining their goals. So to greatly improve your results, you must increase your intensity.
___38___ If you’ve ever played a sport where you compote with your opponent, you will notice that often you can defeat a person with more skills than you by simply playing at a higher intensity level than they are playing.
I have experienced this myself many times playing various sports. For some reason, whenever I compete with someone who I know is better than me, my intensity level goes through the roof. ___39___ The odd thing is that even if they are more skilled than me, I sometimes find myself being able to beat them or at least come very close. In contrast, when I compete with someone who I know I can beat, my intensity level is usually a lot lower.
___40___ If you want to greatly improve your results in achieving your goals, you need to increase your intensity, and the way you do that is by seeing yourself as the underdog. When you run after your goals with that kind of intensity compared to going at it in a passive manner, you will greatly increase your odds of obtaining your goals.
A. Here’s what I am getting at.
B. Let’s look at an example of this in the world of sports.
C. So they go out and start taking massive amounts of action.
D. It’s the voice inside of you that screams, “I will not back down!”
E. I will go all out just to be able to keep up with their level of play.
F. Before I get into that though, let’s take a look at how most people try to achieve their goals.
G. However, you can still increase your intensity simply to achieve your goals in the first place.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. B 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何更好地实现自己的目标。
【36题详解】
前文“If you want to greatly improve your results in whatever goal you are trying to obtain, there is one thing you can do to make this happen.（无论你想达到什么目标，如果你想大大提高你的结果，你可以做一件事来实现它。）”引出实现目标的话题，后文“By understanding this, you will see just why the method I am going to tell will work so well.（理解了这一点，你就会明白为什么我要讲的方法会如此有效。）”为介绍方法进行铺垫，F项“Before I get into that though, let’s take a look at how most people try to achieve their goals.（在我进入这个话题之前，让我们看看大多数人是如何实现他们的目标的。）”符合语境，提出看大多数人实现目标的方法，承上启下，其中的“that”指代前文的“one thing”，而后文的“this”指代其中的“how most people try to achieve their goals”。故选F。
【37题详解】
前文“Normally when people set a goal, the excitement is high and the energy level is plentiful.（通常情况下，当人们设定一个目标时，兴奋程度很高，精力充沛。）”描述人们设定目标时的兴奋，后文“This is great, but what normally happens after a few weeks or months is that they start going into a passive state of mind.（这很好，但通常在几周或几个月后，他们就会开始进入被动的思维状态。）”说明人们进入被动思维状态，C项“So they go out and start taking massive amounts of action.（所以他们走出去，开始采取大量的行动。）”符合语境，说明人们开始采取行动，承上启下，是前文兴奋的结果，也是后文“This”所指的内容。故选C。
【38题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“If you’ve ever played a sport where you compote with your opponent, you will notice that often you can defeat a person with more skills than you by simply playing at a higher intensity level than they are playing.（如果你曾经参加过一项与对手竞争的运动，你就会注意到，你通常可以通过比对手更高的强度来击败比你技能更高的人。）”用具体的竞技运动的例子来说明需要提高强度，B项“Let’s look at an example of this in the world of sports.（让我们来看看体育界的一个例子。）”符合语境，引出后面的例子。故选B。
【39题详解】
前文“For some reason, whenever I compete with someone who I know is better than me, my intensity level goes through the roof.（出于某种原因，每当我和比我强的人比赛时，我的强度就会飙升。）”描述和更强的对手比赛时表现出的高强度，E项“I will go all out just to be able to keep up with their level of play.（我将全力以赴，只是为了能跟上他们的水平。）”符合语境，说明表现出高强度的目的，承接前文，其中的“their”指代前文的“someone who I know is better than me”。故选E。
【40题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段后内容。后文“If you want to greatly improve your results in achieving your goals, you need to increase your intensity, and the way you do that is by seeing yourself as the underdog. When you run after your goals with that kind of intensity compared to going at it in a passive manner, you will greatly increase your odds of obtaining your goals.（如果你想在实现目标的过程中大大提高你的成绩，你需要增加你的强度，而你这样做的方法就是把自己看成是弱者。当你以这种强度去追求你的目标，而不是被动地去做，你会大大增加你实现目标的几率。）”建议通过增加强度，视自己为弱者去实现目标，A项“Here’s what I am getting at.（这里是我想说的。）”符合语境，自然过渡到后文的对全文的总结。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Haney had his biggest adventure last month. His owner, 75 years old Delores Bushong ___41___ Haney didn’t come in. As it got dark, she ___42___ to worry. Then she heard mewling (啜泣), looked up and spotted Haney on a branch near the top of a neighbor’s ___43___ .
Haney was scared by some dogs. The more scared he got the ___44___ he climbed. Bushong, worried about getting Haney down, reached out to a local tree company. But the crew said it wasn’t ___45___ to go so high up into the tree. Ed Baptiste, the tree owner, let Bushong sit in his backyard and called to Haney. Another ___46___ donated a can of fishes, hoping to attract the hungry cat. One called a local business, which had a tall ladder. ___47___ , the ladder proved too short.
By day five, nothing had ___48___ . Then a neighbour shared how her sister got her cat down from a tree. She ___49___ a system by lowering a rope around a tall branch, then raising a basket with the owners’ personal items. The cat climbed into the basket and was ____50____ . They decided to try this. Bushong ____51____ a small basket with some of Haney’s ____52____ things. They successfully positioned the basket below him. To their delight, he jumped in and they lowered him.
Haney’s adventure ____53____ his grateful owner a lesson about neighbors. “I can’t believe how many people ____54____ help,” she said. “Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good. It gives me hope and ____55____ .”
41. A. noticed B. guessed C. decided D. trusted
42 A. refused B. began C. promised D. pretended
43. A. roof B. chimney C. ladder D. tree
44. A. farther B. slower C. higher D. easier
45. A. necessary B. safe C. tough D. impossible
46. A. neighbour B. friend C. relative D. colleague
47. A. Hopefully B. Gradually C. Unfortunately D. Unforgettably
48. A. suffered B. proved C. changed D. worked
49. A. created B. updated C. measured D. possessed
50. A. cut down B. got down C. broke down D. torn down
51. A. gathered B. fixed C. connected D. filled
52 A. useful B. helpful C. favourite D. beneficial
53. A. lent B. taught C. trained D. owed
54. A. offered B. donated C. received D. practised
55. A. energy B. patience C. warmth D. courage
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了75岁的德洛雷斯·布松在邻居的帮助下救下了她的宠物猫。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的主人，75岁的德洛雷斯·布松注意到哈尼没有进来。A. noticed注意到；B. guessed猜测；C. decided决定；D. trusted信任。根据下文“Haney didn’t come in”和“Then she heard mewling(啜泣), looked up and spotted Haney on a branch near the top of a neighbor’s ___3___ . ”可知哈尼的主人，75岁的德洛雷斯·布松注意到哈尼没有回来。故答案为A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着天黑，她开始担心。A. refused拒绝；B. began开始；C. promised许诺；D. pretended假装。根据上句“As it got dark”可知天黑的时候，德洛雷斯·布松开始担心哈尼的安全。故答案为B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她听到了呜咽声，抬头一看，发现哈尼在邻居树顶附近的树枝上。A. roof屋顶；B. chimney烟囱；C. ladder梯子；D. tree树。根据后文“Then a neighbour shared how her sister got her cat down from a tree.”可知。后来邻居分享了她姐姐是如何把她的猫从树上弄下来的。说明哈尼应该在树上。故答案为D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他越害怕，就爬得越高。A. farther更远的；B. slower更慢的；C. higher更高的；D. easier更容易的。根据常识和上句“The more scared he got”可知越害怕，就爬得越高。故答案为C。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但工作人员说爬到这么高的树上不安全。A. necessary必须的；B. safe安全的；C. tough艰难的；D. impossible不可能的。 根据空后“to go so high up into the tree.”可知爬到这么高的树上不安全。故答案为B。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一位邻居捐赠了一罐鱼，希望能吸引这只饥饿的猫。A. neighbour邻居；B. friend朋友；C. relative亲戚；D. colleague同事。根据后文“Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good. It gives me hope and ___15___ .”推知，社区的邻居拿了鱼罐头送给德洛雷斯·布松，希望可以把猫吸引下来。故答案为A。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸地，梯子证明太短了。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Unforgettably难以忘怀地。根据下句“the ladder proved too short”可知事实证明梯子太短了，说明这是不幸的。故答案为C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到第五天 ，没有什么奏效。A. suffered遭受；B. proved证明；C. changed改变；D. worked工作，奏效。根据下句“Then a neighbour shared how her sister got her cat down from a tree.”可知，然后一个邻居分享了她姐姐是如何把她的猫从树上弄下来的。说明之前的五天所使用的办法都没有奏效，也就是猫没有下来。故答案为D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她创造了一个系统，将一根绳子绕在一个高高的树枝上，然后升起一个装有主人个人物品的篮子。A. created创造；B. updated更新；C. measured测量 ；D. possessed拥有。 根据下句“by lowering a rope around a tall branch, then raising a basket with the owners’ personal items”可知，邻居分享了她姐姐是如何把她的猫从树上弄下来的，她通过将一根绳子绕在一个高高的树枝上，然后升起一个装有主人个人物品的篮子，这是她创造的一个方法。故答案为A。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那只猫爬进篮子，下来了。A. cut down砍倒；B. got down下来；C. broke down坏了；D. torn down拆掉。根据上句“The cat climbed into the basket”可知那只猫爬进篮子，被放了下来。故答案为B。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：布松在一个小篮子里装满了哈尼最喜欢的东西。A. gathered聚集；B. fixed安装，修理；C. connected连接；D. filled填充。根据前文“a basket with the owners’ personal items”可知，篮子里装满了东西。fill sth. with sth.“装满某物”。故答案为D。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. useful有用的；B. helpful乐于助人的；C. favourite 最喜欢的；D. beneficial有好处的。根据后文“To their delight, he jumped in and they lowered him.”可知，猫跳进篮子里，说明里面放的都是哈尼喜欢的食物。故答案为C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈尼的冒险给心存感激的主人上了一堂关于邻居的课。A. lent借出；B. taught教；C. trained训练；D. owed欠。根据后文“Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good. It gives me hope”可知住在一个充满爱心的人的社区让人感觉很好。说明哈尼的冒险给心存感激的主人上了一堂关于邻居的课。故答案为B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真不敢相信这么多人提供帮助。A. offered提供；B. donated捐赠；C. received接收；D. practised练习。根据前文“One called a local business, which had a tall ladder.”等内容可知一个人给本地企业打了电话，这个企业有一个很高的梯子，有人分享经验等，说明邻居都主动帮助她。故答案为A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：住在一个充满爱心的人的社区让我感觉很好。它给了我希望和温暖。A. energy精力；B. patience耐心；C. warmth温暖；D. courage勇气。根据上句“Living in a neighbourhood filled with caring people makes me feel good.”可知住在充满爱心的人的社区感觉很好，给了卜松希望和温暖。故答案为C。
第二节(共10小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lying in southeastern Tibet autonomous region and in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon (峡谷) is the world’s ___56___(big) and deepest canyon and the largest water vapor (蒸汽) channel on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It ___57___(combine) high peaks with deep canyons — a rare natural wonder in the world’s history of river ___58___(develop).
As the Yarlung Zangbo River took a horseshoe-shaped turn around Mount Namjagbarwa and then ran towards the Indian Ocean, the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon ___59___(create). It is surrounded with snow-capped peaks, glaciers and forests, ___60___(awe) waterfalls, hot springs, clear streams as well as ___61___(rush) rivers.
The Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon at the eastern end of the Himalayan range is home ___62___ Mount Namjagbarwa, the highest mountain close to Nyingchi city, with ___63___ altitude of 7,782 meters. The holy mountain of the Bon is considered as “the father of the Tibetan mountains”. Yet the snow peak does not show up very often. The fact ___64___ it is often hiding in mist adds to the mysterious quality of the holy mountain. The canyon has various geological ____65____(phenomenon) and is considered a rare “geological museum”.
【答案】56. biggest
57. combines
58. development
59. was created
60. awesome
61. rushing
62. to 63. an
64. that 65. phenomena
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从地理角度详细介绍了雅鲁藏布大峡谷。
【56题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：雅鲁藏布大峡谷位于西藏自治区东南部，雅鲁藏布江下游，是世界上最大最深的峡谷，也是青藏高原上最大的水汽通道。结合句意和空后的“deepest”可推知，此处表示“世界上最大最深的峡谷”，空处应用big的最高级形式。故填biggest。
【57题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它结合了高山和深谷，是世界河流发展史上罕见的自然奇观。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子在描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语是It，应用combine的第三人称单数形式。故填combines。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：它结合了高山和深谷，是世界河流发展史上罕见的自然奇观。分析句子可知，空处被river修饰，作介词of的宾语，应用develop的名词形式development“发展”，抽象概念不可数。故填development。
【59题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当雅鲁藏布江在南贾格巴瓦山形成马蹄形的转弯，然后流向印度洋时，雅鲁藏布大峡谷就形成了。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，结合句意和As引导的时间状语从句中的took可知，时态应为一般过去时，create和主语the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be用was。故填was created。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它被白雪皑皑的山峰、冰川和森林、令人敬畏的瀑布、温泉、清澈的溪流和湍急的河流所包围。分析句子可知，空处是修饰waterfalls的定语，应用awe的形容词形式awesome，意为“令人敬畏的”。故填awesome。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它被白雪皑皑的山峰、冰川和森林、令人敬畏的瀑布、温泉、清澈的溪流和湍急的河流所包围。分析句子可知，空处是修饰rivers的定语，应用形容词，rushing“急速流动的”符合题意。故填rushing。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：雅鲁藏布大峡谷位于喜马拉雅山脉的东端，是靠近林芝市的最高山峰南贾格巴瓦山的所在地，海拔7782米。此处用固定短语be home to，意为“是……的所在地”，空处应用介词to。故填to。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：雅鲁藏布大峡谷位于喜马拉雅山脉的东端，是靠近林芝市的最高山峰南贾格巴瓦山的所在地，海拔7782米。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一种”，应用不定冠词，且altitude以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【64题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：它经常隐藏在雾中，这增加了圣山的神秘气质。分析句子可知，空处引导后面的it is often hiding in mist，作The fact的同位语，句子成分和语义完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
【65题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：峡谷有各种地质现象，被认为是难得的“地质博物馆”。根据“various”可知，空处应用phenomenon的复数形式phenomena，表示“各种地质现象”。故填phenomena。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是校学生会主席。你校最近要举办一个换书活动, 请用英文写一则通知, 通知校国际部的学生。内容包括:
1. 活动目的;
2. 活动安排;
3. 邀请参加。
注意:
1. 词数 80 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
【答案】Notice
To better enjoy reading and improve our interest in reading, a book-exchange activity will take place in the school library hall at 4: 30 next Monday. It will last for two hours. All the students are welcome to participate with at least one book to exchange with others. We can also share our reading experience and opinions on some books in the discussion sections. There are also professional tips for reading from our teachers if you are in need of help in reading or reading habits. You are bound to have a great time there.
The Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一则通知，通知校国际部的学生最近要举办一个换书活动。其内容包括活动目的、活动安排和邀请参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提升：improve →promote
也：also→as well
观点：opinion→viewpoint
帮助：help→assistance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You are bound to have a great time there.
拓展句：I am sure that you will have a great time there.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To better enjoy reading and improve our interest in reading, a book-exchange activity will take place in the school library hall at 4: 30 next Monday.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】 There are also professional tips for reading from our teachers if you are in need of help in reading or reading habits. （运用了if引导的状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Special Hero
Candalaria Villanueva, a 62-year-old man was enjoying fishing casually as usual a few miles off the shore one day, when a sudden storm came and pulled his little boat into the deep sea. He tried all his strength and skills he mastered to handle the boat over the rough waters. Unfortunately, the storm became fiercer and his boat was out of his control completely. Eventually the strong storm threw his boat upside down and he fell into the cold sea water. He surely could swim. But the day grew so dark that he couldn’t tell where the shore was. He just swam with the wave to save some energy.
After a long while, Candalaria Villanueva struggled not to give up, thinking of his devoted wife and lovely granddaughter. “Maybe my dear wife is waiting for my fish excitedly as usual and my little girl is desiring to see my return and gatherings today. They may have been glad to see the fish I got before. But now…I will be back! I surely will be back!” he made his resolve again and again.
Floating a while and then swimming a while aimlessly, Candalaria Villanueva tried to find someone to help, but in vain. All he could see was only cold water in all directions. No one, no ship, even no bird. As the sky grew darker, all his strength nearly ran out and he found he was just at the point of giving up. Suddenly Candalaria Villanueva caught sight of something big swimming towards him. A shark? Oh, no! Great fear seized his heart bitterly.
The big dark thing swam around him for several circles and finally came closer. Oh, to his great relief, it was, as a matter of fact, a giant sea turtle. It seemingly showed no intention of harm and just swam around him. Just out of curiosity or something else? Maybe it is here just to help!
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Candalaria Villanueva decided to hold on to the turtle with his remaining strength.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Philippine Navy spotted something before its large boat and even in the way.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Candalaria Villanueva decided to hold on to the turtle with his remaining strength. He finally held on to it with the seemingly approval of the turtle and was able to grab onto its shell. The animal swam with him on its back on and on, for two whole days without stopping to dive down the depths of the ocean for food. Candalaria Villanueva regained part of his energy and wondered where the turtle would bring him because there’s no ship, nor men could be seen in the long distance.
The Philippine Navy spotted something before its large boat and even in the way. The pilot recognized it through the telescope, “A man hanging on to the back of a sea turtle!” The boat stopped and someone came on lifeboats. When Candalaria Villanueva was taken in by the sailors on the ship, the turtle even made sure that he was in safe hands by circling the ship three times before diving down back into the ocean. Candalaria Villanueva thought he was blessed to be saved from the shipwreck by a sea creature. He was grateful to the sea turtle.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Candalaria Villanueva在钓鱼的时候，遇到暴风雨，掉到海水里，他努力求生，遇到一只海龟。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Candalaria Villanueva决定用他剩下的力量抓住海龟。”可知，第一段可描写Candalaria Villanueva抓住了海龟，海龟背着他游及其他的感想。
②由第二段首句内容“菲律宾海军在其大船前发现了一些东西，这些东西甚至挡住了去路。”可知，第二段可描写菲律宾海军发现了Candalaria Villanueva，并营救他，及其海龟当时的反应。
2.续写线索：Candalaria Villanueva决定抓住海龟——海龟背着他游——菲律宾海军发现他们——他被营救——海龟确认他安全——感到幸运
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抓住：grab onto/catch hold of
②恢复：regain/refresh
③拯救：save/rescue
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/thankful/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Candalaria Villanueva regained part of his energy and wondered where the turtle would bring him because there’s no ship, nor men could be seen in the long distance. (运用了where引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2]. When Candalaria Villanueva was taken in by the sailors on the ship, the turtle even made sure that he was in safe hands by circling the ship three times before diving down back into the ocean. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句)
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