人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后测评

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课后测评，共9页。

1．It is the mst instructive lecture that I ________ (attend) since I came t this schl.
2．The tw friends ________ (chat) n the Internet fr three hurs, and they will g n till next mrning.
3．[2021·全国甲卷]The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that ________ (survive) China's lng histry.
4．In recent years, scial plicy ________ (dminate) by cuts in spending.
5．The telephne ________ (ring) in the ffice all the mrning.
6．Lily ________ (cnsider) ging back t schl, but she hasn't decided yet.
7．She ________ (wrk) in Hng Kng since she graduated frm university.
8．I feel very tired nw. I ________ (clean) the classrm fr three hurs.
9．Althugh many measures ________ (take), the wrld's ecnmy is still ging dwn.
10．In recent years sme Inuit peple in Nunayut ________ (reprt) increases in bear sightings arund human settlements, leading t a belief that ppulatins are increasing.
维度2 语法与写作
1．你的衣服满是灰尘， 我想你刚才一直在打扫教室吧。
Yur clthes are cvered with dust. Yu ____________________ just nw, I think.
2．这本书我已读了两个小时了， 但我还没读完。
I ____________________ fr tw hurs, but I haven't finished it.
3．因为已经采取了许多有效措施， 环境已经被极大地改善了。
Because many effective measures have been taken, ______________________．
4．这个小男孩从头到脚都很脏， 因为他整个早晨都在泥巴里玩。
The little by is dirty frm head t ft ________________________________．
5．作为理科学生， 我一直在复习属于高考科目的汉语， 数学， 英语， 物理学， 化学和生物学。
As a science student, ________________________________， which all belng t the cllege entrance examinatin subjects.
6．我已经学英语10年了， 我有一口流利的英语。因此， 我有资格成为您的翻译。
________________________________ and I speak English fluently. S I am qualified t be yur interpreter.
维度3 用所给动词的适当时态填空
Li Hng 1.________(experience) a terrible earthquake and his hme 2.________(destry) cmpletely in the disaster. Frtunately, he 3.________(rescue) by the rescue wrkers. Since then he 4.________(live) with his relatives and 5.________(study) in a village schl. His teachers 6.________(encurage) him t carry n. He 7.________(imprve) greatly in his study. In return fr peple's help, Li Hng 8.________(vlunteer) since then. Next year he 9.________(graduate) frm schl and he 10.________(intend) t study medicine at university t assist mre peple.
维度4 语法填空
After water, tea is the secnd mst­cnsumed drink in the wrld and 1.________(enjy) fr centuries.Tea prductin began in China, but sn spread t ther parts f Asia.When Eurpean explrers came acrss the satisfying drink n their travels, they caused a demand fr tea wrldwide that cntinues t grw in spite f 2.________(cmpete) frm sft drinks and cffee.
There are fur main 3.________ (type) f tea：black, white, green and lng.The difference depends n the prcesses 4.________ (use) fr treating the tea leaves.China and Japan prduce the best green tea and India and Sri Lanka are famus 5.________ their black teas.Different regins have their wn specialties.Fr example, mint (薄荷) tea is drunk in Nrth Africa and the Middle East. Earl Grey tea, named after a British prime minister 6.________ lived frm 1764 t 1845, is ne f 7.________ mst ppular black tea in the wrld.
Flwering tea balls are a nvelty (新奇) tea, made by 8.________ (prper) sewing the tea leaves and flwers int tight balls.When the ball is placed in ht water, it pens up, 9.________ (shw) the lvely flwer inside.
Delicius and 10.________ (health), tea deserves its place as the wrld's mst lved drink.Let's lift ur glasses and have a tast—t tea!
eq \a\vs4\al(层级二) 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Several years ag, I was n an assignment wrking in an underppulated area f the Amazn river basin in Suth America. This was ne f my early experiences f traveling in the area, s I hadn't learned a lt f lessns yet. My destinatin was nly abut 16 miles frm my duty statin. Many lcals had suggested that I bike r hike it, but I had a lt f equipment I didn't want t leave behind.
I finally figured ut a rute where I culd hitchhike (搭便车) alng a jeep trail fr abut a ttal f 30 miles. On the first day, I caught a bus fr my first leg f 10 miles. Then I spent tw nights camping, waiting fr a supply jeep t leave fr my secnd leg. I rde with the supply jeep t within 8 miles f my destinatin when we had a breakdwn. We spent a little ver 24 hurs making repairs.
Mving slwer nw with ur repaired car, we gt within 2 miles f ur destinatin t find that the rad had been washed ut and rainstrms in the muntains were causing flding arund ur destinatin.
Our jeep was equipped with a snrkel (通气管) t g underwater, but ur paylad (装载货物) was nt waterprf. We searched the area fr better places t crss the fldwaters, but nthing lked prmising. We started t make camp, but as the waters began t apprach, we decided t park the jeep at the highest pint and abandn (放弃) it. Mre rain brught faster­rising water, s we made a final decisin befre things gt wrse.
Sadly, in the water I slipped frm the rcks I was walking n and I lst a bag in which my wallet, flashlight, and watch were kept. I swam until I gt n the rcks again and climbed ut t the ther side. We dressed and marched up int the higher area away frm the fld. A kind gentleman in a huse, just past the fldwaters, lent us a mtrbike and we finished the rest f ur jurney.
Fr my return trip, I cheeked ut the 16­mile hike. It was easy and scenic with lts f fruit trees and fresh water alng the trail. And I learned a lessn frm that experience.
1．What d we knw abut the authr befre that assignment?
A．He lved biking and hiking very much.
B．He lacked the experience f traveling in that area.
C．He cnsidered life in the Amazn river basin easy.
D．He had never wrked in an underppulated area befre.
2．What did the authr decide t d t reach his destinatin?
A．T find a lcal as his guide.
B．T leave behind his equipment.
C．T drive all the way there by himself.
D．T get free rides frm passing jeeps.
3．What did the tw realize when they were within 2 miles f their destinatin?
A．They were lst in the frest.
B．They shuld repair their car quickly.
C．They had t walk thrugh the water.
D．They shuld turn t smene fr help.
4．What lessn did the authr mst prbably learn frm that experience?
A．He shuld never travel alne.
B．He shuld take risks smetimes.
C．He shuld travel as the lcals d.
D．He shuld avid ging ut n rainy days.
B
Meet Ben Saunders: adventurer, athlete, mtivatinal speaker. Ben, at the age f 23, was the yungest man t ski sl (单人滑雪) t the Nrth Ple. He dragged a 180­kilgramme sledge ver 1, 420 miles thrugh the wrst Arctic cnditins. This year, as well as planning a return t the Arctic, Ben plans t ski sl frm the Antarctic cast t the Suth Ple and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies n his sledge.
Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm t supprt his disrganized first adventure. “Everything that culd g wrng did g wrng. We were attacked by a bear. We started running ut f fd. It was just desperate. And we didn't get t the Ple, we didn't get there, s we had n media interest. N ne heard abut it, n bk deal, and n speaking. I was s unhappy.”
“Peple said it was impssible fr me t get t the Ple. But I think I can get there, and I did. Self­belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle—it's my belief that the mre yu stretch yurself the strnger it gets. If yu never d anything that's uncmfrtable r risky then yur self­belief gets weaker. S that's ne f the lessns I've figured ut alng the way. The thing that I've stretched and tested is my self­belief.” Ben Saunders said.
“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting t me. If I knew it was pssible, if I knew I culd d it withut t much bther, I wuldn't be interested. Why? Persnally I'm attracted by the human perfrmance element t it. Nt that lng ag, running a marathn was seen as the tp pint f human attempt, and nw I wuldn't be that surprised if my mum said she was ging t run ne next year.”
“Peple's hrizns are changing. I'm nt particularly gifted, and I'm abslutely average. I've just chsen this ne gal t achieve and I've been wrking hard t realize it. That's it. And that's the thing that attracts me: with enugh training and enugh determinatin, enugh fcus and preparatin, hw far can we g？And I dn't think I've fund ut yet.”
5．What d we knw abut Ben Saunders' first adventure?
A．There was n press cverage.
B．It was supprted by his cmpany.
C．It was well planned and rganized.
D．He actually reached the Nrth Ple.
6．What shuld yu d if yu want t stretch yur self­belief accrding t Ben Saunders?
A．Yu shuld ften test yur cnfidence.
B．Yu shuld try smething adventurus.
C．Yu shuld aim t reach the Nrth Ple.
D．Yu shuld always stretch yur muscles.
7．Why was Ben Saunders excited abut his Antarctic adventure?
A．Because he liked running a marathn.
B．Because he wanted t exercise his bdy.
C．Because he knew it might be achievable.
D．Because he was sure he culd d it easily.
8．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．We have t change ur views abut adventure.
B.We can never knw ur pssibilities and energies.
C．We shuld have a reasn fr ging n an adventure.
D．We have t be especially talented t have an adventure.
Ⅱ.七选五
[2023·福建省三明市高二联考]
ANIMAL BODY LANGUAGE
Human beings are nt nly nes wh cmmunicate. __1__ Here is a quick lk at hw sme f ur animal friends send messages t us and t each ther.
__2__ When a dg is happy, its ears will stand up and its eyes will be wide pen. The dg will start barking, mving its tail, and running arund in circles r jumping up and dwn t shw yu that it wants t play. A dg that is afraid will lay n its back and clse its eyes. The dg may shw its teeth and lwer its bdy s that it is clse t the grund. The dg may als shake, and it will put its tail between its legs. When a dg is angry, its main bdy language is shwing its teeth and grwling (低声叫). The dg will try making itself lk as big as pssible. The tail will stand straight ut frm the bdy.
Elephants als use nises and bdy language t express themselves. An elephant's sense f smell is highly develped. An elephant can smell hw anther elephant is feeling and even tell if it is sick. The elephant's nse, r trunk, is als used t make nises and t welcme ther elephants. Different nises have a variety f meanings: they can mean “I am hungry”， “I am angry”， r “Gd t see yu！”__3__ If an elephant spreads its ears, it means “Watch ut！” T shw friendship, elephants will tuch each ther with their trunks and stand clse t each ther, putting their heads tgether.
Dlphins are scial animals. __4__ An angry dlphin will smetimes hit its tail n the surface f the water. The mvement and nise let ther dlphins knw that smething is wrng. If a dlphin wants t send a message ver a lng distance, r if it wants t shw hw strng it is, it will jump high ut f the water and land n its side, making a lud nise. A dlphin's favrite activity is leaping int the air while playing with its friends. When dlphins are tired and need t rest, they will swim in small grups clse t the surface. __5__
A．Dgs are human's lyal friends.
B．If yu see them ding this, yu shuld nt disturb them.
C．An elephant's bdy language includes ear signals and gestures.
D．They live in grups and lve shwing each ther their feelings.
E．Dgs use sunds, bdy mvements, and their tails t cmmunicate.
F．If an elephant senses its partner is falling sick, it will als make a nise.
G．Animals use bdy language t tell each ther hw they feel and what they think.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Back in 2015, I made sme pwerful cmments t graduating students at Utah Valley University. I advised the students t live a __1__ life. We all need t g ut and live large, nt just when we're yung, but thrughut ur __2__ lives.
Hwever, peple ften __3__ t live large. Why? Because mst f the time, they fear their __4__ failure.
I've had a tn f failures, but sme f thse have led t sme huge __5__. Many years ag, I decided t lend a large amunt f mney using a restaurant as cllateral (抵押物). The decisin was a big __6__ n my part! I didn't knw much abut that kind f __7__， and I certainly wuldn't knw hw t run it. __8__， I lst almst all f what I had laned.
I learned frm it that I shuldn't __9__ what I knw best—real estate (房地产). Later, I __10__ that I culd d even __11__ by wning the right kind f incme­prducing prperties. I als, very successfully, risked the develpment f warehuses (仓储), where the __12__ were even bigger. Thse did cme with increased risks, but they were risks I was willing t take because I knew them enugh. The success I had in thse risks __13__ lessns learned frm my failures and my effrts t live large.
Nw, living large fr yu may nt be abut __14__ in real estate. It will mean different things t different peple, but __15__ that the term refers t mre than making mney.
1．A.great B．simple
C．large D．meaningful
2．A.current B．temprary
C．psitive D．entire
3．A.struggle B．decide
C．hesitate D．favr
4．A.ptential B．real
C．fake D．dedicated
5．A.disasters B．successes
C．respnsibilities D．pressures
6．A.imprvement B．mistake
C．life D．respnsibility
7．A.business B．questin
C．prcedure D．prcess
8．A.Additinally B．Frtunately
C．Therefre D．Hwever
9．A.get rid f B．jump int
C．let alne D．keep away frm
10．A.stressed B．cmplained
C．discvered D．dubted
11．A.nthing B．better
C．enugh D．less
12．A.hbbies B．presentatins
C．rules D．prfits
13．A.resulted in B．came frm
C．picked ut D．handed ut
14．A.investing B．arriving
C．sharing D．lying
15．A.wnder B．admit
C．warn D．remember
课时作业(十一)
层级一 课时跟踪检测
维度1
1．have attended 2.have been chatting 3.has survived
4．has been dminated 5.has been ringing 6.has been cnsidering 7.has been wrking 8.have been cleaning
9．have been taken 10.have reprted
维度2
1．have been cleaning the classrm
2．have been reading this bk
3．the envirnment has been imprved a lt
4．because he has been playing in the mud all the mrning
5．I've been reviewing Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry and bilgy
6．I have been learning English fr ten years
维度3
1．experienced 2.was destryed 3.was rescued 4.has been living 5.studying 6.have been encuraging 7.has imprved 8.has been vlunteering 9.will graduate 10.intends
维度4
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文， 主要介绍了世界各地的茶文化。
1．答案与解析：has been enjyed 由语境及fr centuries可知enjy所表示的动作开始于过去， 并一直持续到现在， 且tea与enjy之间是逻辑上的动宾关系， 故填has been enjyed。
2．答案与解析：cmpetitin 此处要表达的是“尽管有来自软饮料和咖啡的竞争”， 故填cmpetitin。
3．答案与解析：types 由设空处前的fur可知， 设空处应填名词的复数形式， 故填types。
4．答案与解析：used 设空处作prcesses的后置定语， 因为use与prcesses之间是逻辑上的动宾关系， 且use所表示的动作已完成， 故填used。
5．答案与解析：fr be famus fr意为“以……而闻名”。
6．答案与解析：wh/that 设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰a British prime minister, 且在从句中作主语， 故填wh/that。
7．答案与解析：the 形容词最高级前填定冠词the。
8．答案与解析：prperly 设空处修饰动词sewing, 故填副词prperly。
9．答案与解析：shwing 设空处作伴随状语， 因为it与shw之间是逻辑上的主谓关系， 且shw所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生， 故填shwing。
10．答案与解析：healthy 设空处与Delicius并列作主语补足语， 意为“健康的”， 故填healthy。
层级二 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在亚马孙雨林执行任务途中的经历。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This was ne a lt f lessns yet.”可知， 在那次任务之前， 作者缺少在那里出行的经验。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I finally figured ut a rute where I culd hitchhike alng a jeep leave fr my secnd leg.”可知， 作者决定搭便车前往目的地。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Sadly, in the water I slipped frm the rcks I was walking watch were kept.”可知， 作者跟同伴最后决定涉水过去。
4．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Many lcals had suggested that I bike r hike it”以及最后一段可知， 作者从那次经历中领悟到自己应该像当地人一样出行。
B
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了英国极地探险家本·桑德斯。
5．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“we didn't get there, s we had n media interest”可知， 在本·桑德斯的第一次北极探险中， 由于他们没有到达北极， 所以没有媒体的报道。
6．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If yu never d anything that's uncmfrtable r risky then yur self­belief gets weaker.”可知， 本·桑德斯认为如果你想增强自我信念， 就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情。
7．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting t me.”可知， 令本·桑德斯感到兴奋的是他的南极探险是可行的、可以实现的。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“with enugh training 've fund ut yet”可知， 本·桑德斯认为我们永远不会知道我们能走多远， 即我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述动物的交流方式。
1．答案与解析：G 根据上文“Human beings are nt nly nes wh cmmunicate.”和下文“Here is a quick lk at hw sme f ur animal friends send messages t us and t each ther.”可知， 中间要提到动物也有它们的交流方式。选项G“动物用肢体语言告诉对方它们感觉如何和它们想的什么。”和上下文意思连贯。
2．答案与解析：E 根据下文“When a dg is happy, its ears will stand up and its eyes will be wide pen.”可知， 这一段说明狗的交流方式。故选E。
3．答案与解析：C 根据下文“If an elephant spreads its ears, it means ‘Watch ut！’ T shw friendship, elephants will tuch each ther with their trunks and stand clse t each ther, putting their heads tgether.”可知， 这里描述大象用耳朵和身体来交流。选项C“大象的肢体语言包括耳朵信号和姿势。”和下文意思一致。
4．答案与解析：D 根据上文“Dlphins are scial animals.”可知， 这里描述海豚的生活特点。选项D“它们住在一起， 并且喜欢相互表达它们的情感。”和上文意思一致。
5．答案与解析：B 根据上文“When dlphins are tired and need t rest, they will swim in small grups clse t the surface.”可知， 这里提到海豚也会累， 也需要休息。选项B“如果你看到它们这样， 你不应该打扰它们。”和上文意思一致。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的经历为例子， 鼓励学生不要畏惧失败， 要做到胸怀宽广。
1．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“We all need t g ut and live large”可知， 作者建议学生要胸怀宽广(large)。
2．答案与解析：D 根据语境和上文中的“nt just when we're yung”可知， 胸怀宽广要贯串在我们整个(entire)生命中。
3．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“Because mst f the time, they fear their __4__ failure.”可知， 人们因为害怕失败， 做事犹犹豫豫(hesitate)。
4．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知， 此处指未知的、潜在的(ptential)失败。
5．答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“but sme f thse have led t sme huge”可知， 此处为转折关系， 与失败对应的应是成功， 此处指一些失败带来了成功(success)。
6．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“I didn't knw much lst almst all f what I had laned.”可知， 作者的决策是一个巨大的错误(mistake)。
7．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“I certainly wuldn't I had laned.”及语境可知， 此处指作者对这种生意(business)不了解。
8．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知， 空处前后存在因果关系， 因为不懂行， 所以(therefre)损失惨重。
9．答案与解析：D 根据语境及下文中的“what I knw best”可知， 作者不应脱离(keep away frm)他最熟悉的领域。
10．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“wning the right kind f incme­prducing bigger”可知， 此处指作者发现(discver)有更适合自己的收入来源， 并且在这一领域可以做得更好(better)。
11．答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。
12．答案与解析：D 根据语境和上文中的“I culd d even __11__ by wning the right kind f incme­prducing prperties.”可知， 相比房地产， 仓储发展利润(prfit)更大。
13．答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“I've had a tn f failures, but sme f thse have led t sme huge ________．”可知， 作者的成功来自(cme frm)从失败中吸取的教训。
14．答案与解析：A 根据上下文语境可知， 此处指投资(invest)房地产。
15．答案与解析：D 根据语境可知， living large对每个人有不同的含义， 但作者希望读者能够记住(remember)它不仅仅指赚钱。