人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课后作业题

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课后作业题，共12页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37，Bttms up!等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第三单元过关检测
(时间:100分钟　满分:120分)
第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for.To help you have fun,we’ve rounded up how to say “Cheers!” around the world.
Who doesn’t dream of living the good life in France?The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine.They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne!Just before your first sip,look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”:avotresante!
Is it just us,or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm?It’s lovely anytime:brunch,to celebrate something,or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend.It originated in Italy’s Veneto region but is now available all over the world.When in Italy,the most common toast is “salute” or “cincin”(pronounced ChinChin),which has its origins in China.However,do not use this as a toast in Japan.It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.If you find yourself in Japan,stick with “Kampai!”which means,“Cheers!”
If you haven’t been to Ireland—what are you waiting for?It’s the friendliest place,and one of the funniest on the planet,and the pubs are full of stories,where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinnessor.The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but,again,practice makes perfect.Simply say,“SlainteItsw,”pronounced Slawn(to rhyme with pawn) cha(as in cha cha cha).Bottoms up!
1.What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.An Italian wine.　　　　
B.A toast from China.
C.A Japanese custom.
D.A french expression.
答案:B
解析:代词指代题。画线词前一句介绍在意大利使用的祝酒词“salute”或“cincin”,其中“cincin”是起源于中国的祝酒词。在日本不能使用“cincin”,如在日本使用该祝酒词,就会被踢出酒吧,故画线词It指代的是“cincin”这个起源于中国的祝酒词,故B项正确。
2.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrelandfromthetext?
A.Itisfamousforfood.
B.Itslanguageissimple.
C.Itmakesperfectwines.
D.Itiswellworthvisiting.
答案:D
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段对爱尔兰的介绍可知,爱尔兰是世界上最友好、最有趣的地方,酒吧里都是故事,当地人和游客聚在酒吧举杯畅饮,由此判断出爱尔兰值得一游,故D项正确。
3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocuson?
A.Waysofmakingfriendsinbars.
B.Worldfamouswinesthatcan’tbemissed.
C.Suggestionsondrinkingregionally.
D.Somefamoustouristdestinations.
答案:C
解析:主旨大意题。短文介绍了法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰几个国家用于干杯时候的话语和做法,结合第一段最后一句中的“howtosay ‘Cheers!’aroundtheworld”可知,文章介绍的是不同地方提议饮酒的不同说法,故C项正确。
B
The “melting pot” in American cuisine(菜肴,烹饪法) is a myth,not terribly unlike the idea of a melting pot of American culture,notes chef Dan Barber.“Most cultures don’t think about their cuisine in such monolithic(统一的) terms,” he says.“French,Mexican,Chinese,and Italian cuisines each consist of dozens of distinct regional foods.And I think ‘American’ cuisine is moving in the same direction,becoming more localised,not globalised.”
American cuisine is shaped by the natural wealth of the country.Having never faced agricultural hardship,Americans don’t have to rely on rotating crops,such as the Japanese,whose food culture now showcases buckwheat(荞麦) alongside rice,or the Indians,or the French and Italians,who feature beans alongside wheat.“That kind of negotiation with the land forced people to incorporate(接受) those crops in to the culture,” says Barber.And so eating soba noodles becomes part of what it means to be Japanese,and eating beans becomes part of what it means to be French.
So if what we eat is what we are,what are Americans?Well,meat.“If Americans have any unifying food identity,I would say we are a mostly white meat culture,” says Barber.“The protein-centric dinner plate,whether you’re talking about a boneless chicken breast,or a 16-ounce steak,as an everyday expectation is something that America really created,and now exports to the rest of the world.”
Every single culture and religion uses food as part of their celebrations,says Ellen Gustafson,co-founder of the FEED Project and The 30 Project,which aims to deal with both hunger and overweight issues globally.“The celebratory nature of food is universal.Every season,every harvest,and every holiday has its own food,and this is true in America as well.It helps define us.”
4.According to the first paragraph,American cuisine 　　　. 
A.consists of varieties of regional foods
B.is becoming more and more globalised
C.has absorbed a lot from Chinese cuisine
D.is not as unified as its culture
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。文章第一段讲述了各国的菜肴如:法国、墨西哥、中国和意大利的都包括自己的区域性的食物,美国的菜肴发展方向也是一样的,所以美国的菜肴也包含了多种当地的特色。故选A项。
5.WhathasmadeAmericancuisinedifferentfromothercuisinesaccordingtothearticle?
A.Relyingonrotatingcrops.
B.Thedifficultyofplantingcrops.
C.TheUS’meltingpotculture.
D.TheUS’agriculturalwealth.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Americancuisineisshapedbythenaturalwealthofthecountry.”可知,美国的菜肴是由丰富的自然资源塑造的。故选D项。
6.Wecanconcludefromthearticlethat　　　hasbecomepartofwhatitmeanstobeAmerican. 
A.eatingrice
B.eatingbeans
C.eatingwhitemeat
D.eatingsobanoodles
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soifwhatweeatiswhatweare,whatareAmericans?Well,meat.‘IfAmericanshaveanyunifyingfoodidentity,Iwouldsayweareamostlywhitemeatculture,’saysBarber.”可知,肉食文化是美国饮食文化的一部分。故选C项。
7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?
A.Americancuisineishealthierthanothercuisines.
B.Americancuisinehasn’tchangedmuchovertime.
C.Americansusefoodaspartoftheircelebrations.
D.Americansarequiteproudoftheirowncuisine.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thecelebratorynatureoffoodisuniversal.Everyseason,everyharvest,andeveryholidayhasitsownfood,andthisistrueinAmericaaswell.Ithelpsdefineus.”可知,用食物来庆祝节日是世界通用的,美国也不例外。故选C项。
C
Living in a foreign culture can be exciting,but it can also be confusing.A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences.They found that miscommunication was always possible,even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”.
On her first day in Micronesia,an island in the Pacific,Lisa thought people weren’t paying any attention to her.The day was hot.She went into a store and asked,“Do you have cold drinks?” The woman there didn’t say anything.Lisa repeated the question.Still the woman said nothing.She later learnt that the woman had answered her:She had raised her eyebrows,which in Micronesia means “yes”.
Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria,a country in Europe.She went to a restaurant that was famous for its cabbage.She asked the waiter,“Do you have cabbage today?” He nodded his head.Jan waited,but the cabbage never came.In that country,a nod means “no”.
Tom had a similar problem when he arrived in India.After explaining something in class,he asked his students if they understood.They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head.He thought some people had not understood,so he explained again.When he asked again,they did the same thing.He soon found out that his students did understand.In India,people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from.You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean “yes” or “no”.
8.The Americans teaching English in other countries found that they 　　　. 
A.had problems with communication
B.needed to learn foreign languages
C.should often discuss their experiences
D.should go abroad for vacations
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theyfoundthatmiscommunicationwasalwayspossible,evenoversomethingassimpleas ‘yes’ and ‘no’.”可知,在外国教英语的美国人发现像“是”和“不是”这样简单的沟通失误时有发生,也就是他们发现沟通有问题。故选A项。
9.PeopleinMicronesiashow“yes”by　　　. 
A.noddingheads
B.raisingeyebrows
C.shakingheads
D.saying“no”
答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shehadraisedhereyebrows,whichinMicronesiameans ‘yes’.”可知,密克罗尼西亚人用抬眉毛表示“是”。故选B项。
10.Tommisunderstoodhisclassatfirstbecause　　　. 
A.hedidn’tknowwherethestudentscamefrom
B.hedidn’texplaineverythingclearlyenough
C.somestudentsdidn’tunderstandhisquestions
D.hedidnotknowmuchaboutIndianculture
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingonwheretheycomefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean ‘yes’ or ‘no’.”可知,在印度,人们以不同的方式点头和摇头,这取决于他们来自哪里,你必须知道一个人来自哪里,才能知道他们的意思是“是”还是“不是”,Tom最初误解了学生们的意思就是因为他不了解这方面的印度文化。故选D项。
11.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?
A.InBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans“no”.
B.JantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.
C.Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage.
D.InIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans“yes”.
答案:A
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inthatcountry,anodmeans ‘no’.”可知,在保加利亚,点头意味着“不是”。故选A项。
D
During the mid-1960s,Vinh Linh,Quang Tri in Vietnam was a wasteland,which was often under attack from the US air force.Vietnamese soldiers who were fighting against the US discussed how to make people there safe.Some suggested moving the people underground.Then they began to build a tunnel (隧道).
The Vinh Moc tunnel was built for the people of Son Trung and Son Ha in Vinh Linh county of Quang Tri Province.It was built in several stages,beginning in 1966 and was not in use until 1971.It grew to include wells,kitchens,rooms for each family and hospitals.Around 60 families lived in the tunnel.
Deep under the ground,hidden from soldiers,people lived in the tunnel for many years.They survived.The tunnel was a success and no villagers lost their lives thanks to it.
During that time,17 children were born in the tunnel,each of whose lives was a proof that the tunnel was effective in protecting the villagers.As time goes by,it has become both a historical site and a tourist attraction for people wishing to learn about a heroic period in Vietnam’s history.
The total length of the tunnel network is nearly 2 km,and it has three floors.It was built over two years.The two sides have small houses every 3 m.The tunnel centre has a 150-seat hall,a hospital and maternity rooms (产房).It is linked to the sea by seven exits,which also function as ventilators (通风设备),and to a nearby hill by another six.
People wanting to know about the Vietnam War should have some knowledge of the tunnel network in Quang Tri.The tunnel network shows the wisdom and bravery of the local people in their fight for their identity.
Ten years after the war ended,the Vinh Moc tunnel was opened to tourists.These days,the government is working to protect the historical relic.
12.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.During the mid-1960s,Vietnam was at war with the US.
B.Vinh Linh,Quang Tri in Vietnam was an undeveloped place.
C.Soldiers built the tunnels as hiding places for villagers there.
D.Some people in the tunnel suffered much and died during the 1960s.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theysurvived.Thetunnelwasasuccessandnovillagerslosttheirlivesthankstoit.”可知选D项。
13.Thevillagerslivinginthetunnelswere　　　duringthoseyears. 
A.awful B.safe
C.poor D.generous
答案:B
解析:推理判断题。地面上在发生战争,而文章第三段说村民们生存了下来,第四段提到17个孩子出生,由此可以推断出隧道里的村民的生活是安全的。故选B项。
14.Accordingtothepassage,theVinhMocTunnel　　　. 
A.isnearly2kminlengthwithbadventilation
B.hadbeenbuiltfor7yearsbeforeitcameintouse
C.isaplacethatshowsthebraveryofthelocalpeople
D.wasfirstbuiltasabasefortheVietnamesearmy
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“Thetunnelnetworkshowsthewisdomandbraveryofthelocalpeopleintheirfightfortheiridentity.”可知选C项。
15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.HowtoprotecttheVinhMoctunnel
B.ApainfulmemoryoftheVietnamWar
C.ThewisdomandbraveryoftheVietnamese
D.TheVinhMoctunnel—afamoushistoricalrelicinVietnam
答案:D
解析:标题归纳题。阅读全文可知文章介绍了越南的著名历史遗迹之一——theVinhMoctunnel。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.　16　.Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. 
ChopstickRules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.　17　. 
HandsorUtensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East,it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.　18　,instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. 
MakingRequests
　19　.In Portugal,this would be a serious mistake,because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.Similarly,in Italy,never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. 
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange,but they are important in various countries.　20　,the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. 
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
答案:16~20 DFCGB
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ask people to name the world’s tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma.But quiz them on its exact　21　and many will be not sure. 
In 1975,Chinese surveyors　22　 that Mount Qomolangma was 8848.13 metres high.As 　23　 improved,satellites,photoelectricity,radars and gravity measurement technologies were 　24　 to get more exact figures.Of course,someone still had to carry 　25　 to what is the world’s rooftop. 
In 2005,a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that,as they　26　 the height to be 8844.43 metres.Scaling Qomolangma is no 　27　 task.The average air temperature there is -29 degrees Celsius,even four degrees　28　 than in Antarctica.The snow there is 4-5 metres thick and hurricane—like 　29　 blow all the time.Team members were training to 　30　the extreme conditions. 
In a nutshell,measuring the Qomolangma’s height is a tall order,　31　 huge amounts of money and human resources.But it is worth the　32　.Qomolangma is the perfect 　33　 for observing crustal (地壳的)movements.And changes to the peak’s height could 　34　 whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other. 
Besides,the condition of snow and other natural materials at the top is an indicator of upcoming climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau.That’s 　35　 measuring the Qomolangma’s height is so significant.Put to good use,it can benefit mankind. 
21.A.location B.appearance
C.area D.height
答案:D
解析:location“位置”;appearance“外貌”;area“地区”;height“高度”。根据下文1975年以及2005年对珠穆朗玛峰高度的测量可知,此处指的是其高度。故选D项。
22.A.determined B.assumed
C.estimated D.admitted
答案:A
解析:根据下文“As　　　improved,satellites,photoelectricity,radarsandgravitymeasurementtechnologieswere　　　togetmoreexactfigures.”可知,此空指的是中国的测量员确定珠穆朗玛峰的高度是8848.13米。故选A项。 
23.A.condition B.technology
C.society D.economy
答案:B
解析:句意:随着技术的进步,卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。condition“条件”;technology“技术”;society“社会”;economy“经济”。根据下文的satellites,photoelectricity,radarsandgravitymeasurementtechnologies 可知,卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术都是科技。故选B项。
24.A.employed B.expected
C.approached D.inspired
答案:A
解析:employ“运用”;expect“期望”;approach“接近”;inspire“鼓舞”。根据下文的togetmoreexactfigures 可知,这些高科技被运用到测量珠穆朗玛峰精确的高度中。故选A项。
25.A.weapons B.vehicles
C.instruments D.packages
答案:C
解析:句意:当然,仍然要有人携带一些设备到世界屋脊。weapon“武器”;vehicle“交通工具”;instrument“设备”;package“包裹”。根据常识可知,测量是需要设备仪器的,此处指的是需要携带一些设备登山。故选C项。
26.A.changed B.calculated
C.extended D.expanded
答案:B
解析:change“改变”;calculate“计算”;extend“延伸”;expand“扩大”。根据上文“In2005,aChineseteamscaledQomolangmaandfoundthatitwasnotashighasthat”以及下文“theheighttobe8844.43metres.”可知,此处指的是中国登山队在2005年计算的珠穆朗玛峰的高度是8844.43米。故选B项。
27.A.glorious B.easy
C.admirable D.tough
答案:B
解析:根据下文“Theaverageairtemperaturethereis-29degreesCelsius,evenfourdegrees　　　thaninAntarctica.”可知,攀登珠穆朗玛峰并不是一件容易的事。故选B项。 
28.A.colder B.hotter
C.higher D.lower
答案:D
解析:根据-29degreesCelsius可知,此处表示珠穆朗玛峰的温度比南极洲还要低4摄氏度。故选D项。
29.A.snows B.rains
C.winds D.snowflakes
答案:C
解析:句意:那里的雪有4~5米厚,像飓风一样的风一直在吹。根据下文的blow可知,此处表示风。故选C项。
30.A.copewith B.fightfor
C.takeon D.carryout
答案:A
解析:句意:队员们正在接受为极端条件而战的训练。copewith“应付”;fightfor“与……斗争”;takeon“承担”;carryout“实施”。根据theextremeconditions可知,此处表示登山队员们正在训练的目的是为了应付珠穆朗玛峰的极端条件。故选A项。
31.A.wasting B.spending
C.overcoming D.involving
答案:D
解析:根据hugeamountsofmoneyandhumanresources 可知,测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度涉及大量的人力和物力。故选D项。
32.A.effort B.loss
C.harvest D.achievement
答案:A
解析:根据下文“Puttogooduse,itcanbenefitmankind.(如果使用得当,它可以造福人类。)”可知,这项任务值得去努力做。故选A项。
33.A.channel B.window
C.solution D.entrance
答案:B
解析:根据下文observingcrustalmovements可知,珠穆朗玛峰是观测地壳运动的最佳窗口。故选B项。
34.A.measure B.foresee
C.indicate D.expose
答案:C
解析:句意:峰顶高度的变化可以表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。measure“测量”;foresee“预见”;indicate“表明”;expose“暴露”。故选C项。
35.A.where B.how
C.why D.whether
答案:C
解析:句意:这就是为什么测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是如此重要。where“哪里”;how“怎样”;why“为什么”;whether“是否”。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many of us would like to travel somewhere that is safe and peaceful.For foreign visitors,China 36.　　　　　　　　　　　　(see) as one of the safest places in the world,according to an international security report.The report,now in its 37.(eight) year,is released every year by International SOS,a medical and travel security services company,and consulting company Control Risks. 
The report listed China as having 38.　　　　　 low travel risk.It also said that the safety situation in China 39.　　　　　　　　　　　　(remain) stable and its risk rating has not changed for many years.40.　　　　　　　(actual),China has become the fourth most 41.(popularity) destination for tourists across the world,with more than 60 million trips 42.　　　　　(make) by people from other countries last year,according to the United Nations. 
Maria Pelayo,24,of Madrid,who arrived in Beijing last year,said she was impressed by China’s order and safety on her arrival.This has made her feel much safer than in the United States or Turkey, 43.　　　　　 she has also visited.She doesn’t feel she is 44.　　　　　 any danger in Beijing,because she sees China’s efforts to keep order from police officers and 45.(volunteer) on the street. 
答案:36.is seen　37.eighth　38.a　39.has remained　40.Actually　41.popular　42.made　43.which　44.in　45.volunteers
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,你的英国朋友 Tom计划来中国旅游,想了解中国的历史文化并参观旅游景点。请你用英文给Tom写一封回信,给出你的建议。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
 
 
 
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文
Dear Tom, 
I know from your last letter that you plan to travel to China to know more about China’s culture.Now I’d like to offer some suggestions for your stay in China.The most important place that you need to pay a visit to is Beijing,the capital of our country.For one thing,Beijing is the best place of Chinese traditions and culture.For another,there are many places of interest for you to visit,such as the Great Wall and the Summer Palace,etc.Moreover,you can also enjoy many different delicious foods in Beijing.
Looking forward to your coming!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
My family and I go to the Big Island of Hawaii in the United States every year.Each year,we do the same things—spend time at the beaches,surfing and fishing.On this trip,however,my family got tired of this holiday style and wanted to do something different.We learnt from a local that there was a hot spring on the island called the Boiling Pots.Without doing any research,we decided to set off on an adventure to that spot.
We drove to the destination,but were surprised to find that the area was closed off by a fence (栅栏).Reading the sign placed in front of the gate,we found out it was,in fact,a forbidden area that lay at the bottom of the mountain.And we were on the mountaintop.Seemingly out of nowhere,a strange man came up to us.He told us he would go to the Boiling Pots and that he would show us the way down there if we would just jump over the fence and follow him.After some discussion,my family,8 members,followed the man past the fence.
The “path” was a slope (斜坡) covered in mud and high grass.Several times,our members fell but nobody gave up and turned back because it seemed an amazing adventure.
After about one hour’s walk,we arrived at the bottom finally,but a large river stopped us.The strange man went to borrow a boat from his friend living nearby.We stood on the bank,waiting for him and joking that we could swim across the river.
Just then,I heard the voice of my father screaming at us to move.I looked up to the sky and saw a large tree falling towards us.I ran forward,pushing the people in front of me.I fell to the ground,hearing a loud sound of the tree hitting the ground,along with pieces of branches surrounding us.
Inasecond,allwentquiet. 
 
 
 
Whenwehadnoideawhattodo,thestrangemancameback. 
 
 
 
参考范文
Inasecond, allwentquiet.I slowly got up,looking around to see if anyone was hurt.However,one person did it faster than me.It was my father.He rushed to us,asking us,“Is everyone OK?” His voice was full of anxiety and love.Luckily,all were safe,except my little sister who had injured her left knee.We all surrounded her to check whether she could walk normally.She tried to stand up but failed because of the ache.
Whenwehadnoideawhattodo,thestrangemancameback.He said that the moment he heard the loud sound,he returned immediately.Seeing what we had experienced,he said sorry to us again and again,and told us the dangerous situation could be the reason why the area was a forbidden one.We had to give up our plan to the hot spring.With the strange man’s help,we made a little “bed” with the branches,and carried my little sister back finally.What an adventure!