天津市部分区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末练习试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份天津市部分区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末练习试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022~2023学年度第一学期期末练习
高二英语
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共120分，练习用时100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共85分)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
注意：做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上或填写到答题纸上。答在试卷上的无效。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman want?
A. A radio. B. Some batteries. C. Some pens.
2. What does the man like playing most?
A. Basketball. B. Football. C. Computer games.
3. Where was the woman yesterday?
A. In the hospital. B. At the man’s house. C. At her sister’s house.
4. How much did the speakers pay for the house repairs?
A. $200. B. $400. C.$800.
5. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Get a haircut. B. Attend a party. C. Do some shopping.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至第8三个小题。
6. What did the man buy recently?
A. A shirt. B. A coat. C. A jacket.
7. How much did the man pay for the item?
A. $80. B.$60. C.$55.
8. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Bargain with a salesman.
B. Lend her some money.
C. Buy her a hat.
听第7段材料，回答第9至第11三个小题。
9. What’s the problem for the speakers?
A. They’re lost.
B. Their car broke down.
C. They’re about to run out of gas.
10. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Call a truck. B. Keep driving. C. Turn around.
11. What does the man imply at the end?
A. They are very lucky.
B. The gas station is closed.
C. He needs to make a phone call.
听第8段材料，回答第12至第15四个小题。
12. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The plan for a holiday.
B. Some activities at the hotel.
C. The services offered by the hotel.
13. When can customers have breakfast?
A. At 7:20. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:40.
14. What can customers do on the third floor?
A. Watch TV. B. Go shopping. C. Use the phone.
15. Where can customers go swimming?
A. On the sixth floor. B. On the seventh floor. C. Behind the hotel.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. —I’m tired out. I can’t run any further, Tom.
— ________! Mike. I’m sure you can do it.
A. Come on B. No hurry
C. No problem D. Well done
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我累坏了，我跑不动了，汤姆。——加把劲！迈克，我相信你能做到。A. Come on加油；B. No hurry不必着急；C. No problem没问题；D. Well done干得好。根据答语可知，此处是在鼓励对方，表示“加油、加把劲”，故A项正确。
2. I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher
than in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查指示代词。句意：我要搬到乡下去，因为那里的空气比城里的新鲜很多。ones指代可数名词复数，泛指一些；one泛指可数名词中的一个；that指代不可数名词，还可指代比较对象；those是that的复数形式。这里指代的是比较的对象，air是不可数名词，故选C。

3. —What do you think of teaching，Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你认为教书怎么样，鲍勃？——我发现它有趣，有挑战性。是一个你做严肃有趣的事情的工作。本题定语从句的先行词是job，从句的结构是主谓宾结构，定语关系代词在从句中只能充当地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A。
4. The recent discovery from the ancient tomb ________ the hidden history of the family.
A. throws light on B. works closely with
C. plays a trick on D. leaves an impression on
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近在古墓中的发现揭示了这个家族隐藏的历史。A. throws light on使……显得清楚，阐明；B. works closely with与……密切合作；C. plays a trick on捉弄；D. leave an impression on给……留下印象。由“the hidden history of the family”可知，句子表示“最近在古墓中的发现揭示了这个家族隐藏的历史”，空格处意为“使……显得清楚，阐明”。故选A。
5. —The computer keeps reminding me “Error, can’t save the file”.
—Well, you _____ the software yesterday as the technician recommended. This old version doesn’t work well.
A. should have updated B. must have updated
C. couldn’t have updated D. needn’t have updated
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查should have done用法。句意：——电脑一直提醒我“出错了，不能保存文件”。——嗯，你昨天本应该按照技术人员的建议更新软件的。这个旧版本不太好用。A.should have updated本应该更新；B. must have updated肯定更新了；C. couldn’t have updated不可能更新了；D. needn’t have updated本不必要更新。根据“This old version doesn’t work well.”可知，此处表示“昨天本应该更新软件”，should have done表示过去本应该做而没做的事情。故选A项。
6. Do you ________ of the idea that success can be measured in terms of money alone?
A. consist B. approve C. assume D. prove
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你同意成功只能通过金钱来衡量的观点吗？A. consist由……组成；B. approve赞成，认可；C. assume假设；D. prove证明。根据句意可知，“成功只能通过金钱来衡量”是一种观点，问你是否同意这种观点，approve of sth表示“赞成某事”符合句意。故选B项。
7. There is a new market near my house. My mother often goes there and buys ________ we need for our meals.
A. what B. where C. that D. when
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我家附近有一个新市场。我妈妈经常去那里买我们吃饭需要的东西。分析句子可知，空出引导宾语从句作buy的宾语，且从句缺need后的宾语，因此用连接代词what引导该从句。故选A项。
8. ______ twice a year, whether it is a car, a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.
A. Examining B. To examine
C. Having examined D. Being examined
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：无论是小汽车、公共汽车还是卡车，每年都要接受两次检查，这是这个城市里每个司机必须遵守的规定。空格处用动名词作主语，小汽车、公共汽车，卡车是被检查，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态，即being done，故选D。
9. When I arrived, Maria ________, so we only had time for a few words.
A. had just left B. has just left C. just left D. was just leaving
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我们到达时，玛丽正要离开，因此我们只有时间说几句话。根据下文“so we only had time for a few words.”可知，玛丽正打算离开，leave等的进行时态表示将要进行的动作，故选D。
10 —What did he do in return for free ________ and food offered by the kind couple?
—He helped their son with his lessons.
A. conservation B. admission
C. accommodation D. immigration
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：——他做什么来回报那对好心的夫妇给他提供的免费的食宿? ——他给他们的儿子辅导功课。A. conservation保存；B. admission 承认；C. accommodation住处；D. immigration移居，故选C。
11. The people in the village are so ________ that they are willing to help every visitor.
A. optimistic B. energetic
C. enthusiastic D. ambitious
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个村里的人都很热心，他们愿意帮助每一位游客。A. optimistic乐观的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. enthusiastic热心的；D. ambitious有抱负的。根据“they are willing to help every visitor.”可知，此处表示“热心的、热情的”，故C项正确。
12. Generally speaking, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：一般来说，学生的内在动机和他人的高期望对他们的发展至关重要。根据句意可知，本句为客观描述，应用一般现在时；照应主语“inner motivation”可知，谓语用单数。故选A。
13. You should book your flight about two or three weeks _____ so that you can enjoy a lower price.
A. in particular B. in advance C. in return D. in fact
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：你应该提前两到三周预订机票，这样你就可以享受更低的价格。A. in particular尤其，特别是；B. in advance预先，提前；C. in return作为回报；D. in fact事实上，实际上。根据so that you can enjoy a lower price和常识可知，提前预定的机票价格会更低。故选B项。
14. （2016·浙江）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After
C. While D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】试题分析：句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。
考点：考查连词。
【名师点睛】这几个词都是连词，要分清每个连词短语的含义和用法，做题时关键看上下文和逻辑关系。since引导原因/时间状语从句；after引导时间状语从句；while引导让步/时间状语从句；unless引导的是条件状语从句。while的用法比较多，不仅仅在选择题中经常出现，学生在做阅读理解、完形填空的时候，遇到while一定要判断它的准确含义，以便于正确理解句子的意思。

15. —You seem to be in a really good mood.
— I finished my last test today. ___________! Now I’m free.
A. What a pity B. What a relief C. I’ve got it D. I’ve missed the point
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你看起来心情很好。——我今天完成了最后一次考试。我总算松了一口气!现在我自由了。A. What a pity真遗憾；B. What a relief 总算松了一口气；C. I’ve got it我明白了；D. I’ve missed the point我错过了重点。根据“I finished my last test today.”可知，完成最后一场考试后终于松了一口气。故选B。
第二节：完型填空(共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My mother left the field of education formally after I was born. However, she did not leave it ____16____. She made learning a ____17____ part of my life. I never watched television, not because I was not ____18____ to, but because it was more fun writing stories with my mom.
On my first day of kindergarten, I was excited, but ____19____. During snack time that day, I sat quietly and opened my ____20____. Inside, I found a note from my mother written on a napkin(餐巾纸). The note said that she ____21____ me, that she was proud of me and that I was the best kindergartener in the world! Because of that napkin note I ____22____ my first day of kindergarten successfully and many more school days to follow.
There have been many napkin notes since the ____23____ one. There were even napkin notes ____24____ to me in college, far away from my home. _____25_____ I changed majors, changed the way I looked at the world, there was one thing that never _____26_____ — my mother’s encouragement, support and _____27_____ in napkin notes.
This year, my mother _____28_____ to go back to school to earn her degree in teaching. Although I was in _____29_____ of my mother for following her dreams, I wanted her to _____30_____ that she didn’t need a(n) _____31_____ to make her an excellent teacher.
So I gave her a _____32_____ for school: a lunch bag filled with her favorite foods. She laughed as she _____33_____ the lunch bag. Then she pulled out a napkin with _____34_____ on it.
As she opened up her “You can do it!” napkin note from me, tears began to run down her face. When her eyes met mine, I saw she _____35_____ my unspoken message: My mother is, and always has been, a teacher.
16. A. finally B. completely C. clearly D. naturally
17. A. lucky B. crazy C. helpful D. fun
18. A. admitted B. allowed C. advised D. invited
19. A. tired B. shocked C. nervous D. bored
20. A. lunch box B. school bag C. pencil box D. toy bag
21. A. thanked B. loved C. missed D. accepted
22. A. spent B. began C. ended D. won
23. A. same B. recent C. best D. first
24. A. read B. returned C. sent D. introduced
25. A. Because B. Although C. If D. Unless
26. A. continued B. escaped C. changed D. reduced
27. A. teachings B. warnings C. choices D. dreams
28. A. suggest B. offered C. promised D. decided
29. A. charge B. memory C. favor D. control
30. A. show B. know C. imagine D. hope
31. A. book B. degree C. award D. answer
32. A. gift B. chance C. guide D. speech
33. A. washed B. filled C. packed D. opened
34. A. pictures B. replies C. suggestion D. writing
35. A. remembered B. trusted C. understood D. believed
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描述了在作者上学期间，母亲一直通过在餐巾纸上留言的方式来鼓励作者，后来作者也用类似的方式给母亲鼓励和支持。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是她并没有完全离开教育界。A. finally最终；B. completely完全地；C. clearly清楚地；D. naturally自然地。根据前文“My mother left the field of education formally”及“However”可知，母亲并没有完全离开教育界。故选B项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 她让学习成为我生活中快乐的一部分。A. lucky幸运的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. fun有趣的。根据后文“it was more fun writing stories with my mom”可知，母亲使我的学习变得有趣。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来不看电视，不是因为不允许看，而是因为和母亲一起写故事更有趣。A. admitted承认；B. allowed允许；C. advised建议；D. invited邀请。根据下文“but because it was more fun writing stories with my mom”可知，我不看电视不是因为母亲不允许我看，而是因为和母亲一起写故事更有趣。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我上幼儿园的第一天，我很激动但是很紧张。A. tired劳累的；B. shocked震惊的；C. nervous紧张的；D. bored无聊的。根据前文“On my first day of kindergarten”及后文“I sat quietly”可知，第一天我既兴奋又紧张。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：在那天的零食时间，我静静地坐着，打开了我的午餐盒。A. lunch box午餐盒；B. school bag书包；C. pencil box铅笔盒；D. toy bag玩具袋。根据前文“During snack time that day”可知，在零食时间我准备吃午餐，打开了午餐盒。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：便条上写着她爱我，她以我为自豪，说我是世界上最好的幼儿园小朋友。A. thanked感谢；B. loved爱护；C. missed想念；D. accepted接受。根据后文“that she was proud of me and that I was the best kindergartener in the world”可知，母亲夸奖并鼓励了我，她非常爱我。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于那张餐巾纸便条，我成功度过了幼儿园的第一天以及往后的许多学校时光。A. spent度过；B. began开始；C. ended结束；D. won获胜。根据后文“my first day of kindergarten”可知，母亲的便条鼓励我成功度过了幼儿园的第一天。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从第一张便条开始，就有了很多餐巾纸便条。A. same同样的；B. recent最近的；C. best最好的；D. first第一个。根据前文“There have been many napkin notes since”可知，从幼儿园的第一张便条开始，母亲给我留了很多这样的便条。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至我读大学时，都有餐巾纸便条寄送给我，那是离家很远的地方。A. read读；B. returned返回；C. sent寄送；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“far away from my home”可知，大学离家很远，母亲只能寄送便条给我。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使我的专业改变了，价值观改变了，但有一件事从未改变，那就是母亲在便条上留给我的鼓励，支持和教导。A. Because因为；B. Although尽管；C. If如果；D. Unless除非。根据后文“I changed majors, changed the way I looked at the world, there was one thing that never”可知，前后句意存在让步关系，表示尽管许多事都改变了，但有一件事从未改变。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我的专业改变了，价值观改变了，但有一件事从未改变，那就是母亲在便条上留给我的鼓励，支持和教导。A. continued继续；B. escaped逃跑；C. changed改变；D. reduced减少。根据前文“__10____ I changed majors, changed the way I looked at the world”可知，尽管许多事都改变了，但有一件事从未改变。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使我的专业改变了，价值观改变了，但有一件事从未改变，那就是母亲在便条上留给我的鼓励，支持和教导。A. teachings教导；B. warnings警告；C. choices选择；D. dreams梦想。根据前文“My mother left the field of education formally”及“my mother’s encouragement, support”可知，母亲之前从事教育事业，她的便条能够支持，鼓励并教导我。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年母亲决定重返校园去获得教学方面的学位。A. suggest建议；B. offered提供；C. promised承诺；D. decided决定。根据后文“go back to school to earn her degree in teaching”及“following her dreams”可知，获得教育方面的学位是母亲的梦想，她决定去实现自己的梦想。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我支持母亲追求梦想，但是我想让她知道，她不需要学位就能成为一名优秀的教师。A. charge掌管；B. memory记忆；C. favor支持，赞同；D. control控制。根据前文“Although I was in” 及后文“I wanted her to ____15____that she didn’t need a(n) ____16____”可知尽管我支持母亲，但是她并不需要学位来证明自己。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我支持母亲追求梦想，但是我想让她知道，她不需要学位就能成为一名优秀的教师。A. show展示；B. know知道；C. imagine想象；D. hope希望。根据后文“ she didn’t need a(n) ___16____to make her an excellent teacher.”可知，我想让母亲了解我的真实想法，她并不需要学位来证明自己。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我支持母亲追求梦想，但是我想让她知道，她不需要学位就能成为一名优秀的教师。A. book书籍；B. degree学位；C. award奖励；D. answer答案。根据前文“go back to school to earn her degree in teaching”可知，母亲返回校园是为了获得学位，但我认为她是一个优秀的教师，不需要学位的证明。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我送给她一份上学的礼物：一个装满了她爱吃的食物的午餐包。A. gift礼物；B. chance机会；C. guide指导；D. speech演讲。根据后文“a lunch bag filled with her favorite foods”可知，我送给母亲一份礼物。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她打开午餐包的时候，大笑起来。A. washed清洗；B. filled充满；C. packed打包；D. opened打开。根据后文“Then she pulled out a napkin”可知，母亲打开午餐包，看到了里面的餐巾纸便条。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她拿出那张带有字迹的餐巾纸。A. pictures照片；B. replies回应；C. suggestion建议；D. writing书写，字迹。根据后文“As she opened up her “You can do it!” napkin note from me”可知，我在餐巾纸上写下了我对母亲的鼓励。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们四目相对，我知道她读懂了我未说出口的信息：我母亲一直都是一名教师。A. remembered记得；B. trusted信任；C. understood理解；D. believed相信。根据后文“my unspoken message”可知，有些话我没有说出来，但母亲知道我要表达的内容。故选C项。
第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分)
A
A night in the African rainforest camping under the stars is just one of the many never-to-be-forgotten experiences of our latest offer to Weekly News readers.
Day 1: The 5* Victoria Falls Hotel will meet your needs during your first day in Africa after the 30 km drive from the international airport. Located only minutes from the falls, the hotel has splendid views of the breathtaking waters.
Day 2: Your night under the stars, within few minutes’ walk of the Victoria Falls. Our purpose-built campsite offers our guests a chance to feel the atmosphere of the rainforest. Your evening starts with a great barbecue cooked by our head chef, followed by a program of African music and dance. Then, as moon rises and the stars shine, you retire to your tent to sleep or to listen to the fascinating sounds of the African rainforest.
Days 3-4: The 5* Zimbabwe National Hotel will accommodate you in the heart of the Zimbabwean wilderness. By jeep from your campsite near the Falls, you arrive at midday via the Zambezi river. The hotel offers you everything you would expect from 5* luxury hotel. In the evening, enjoy our international menu, or relax in the gardens. Those who love adventure can join our specially arranged rafting trip down the Zambezi river.
Days 5-6: Arrive by helicopter at the 5* Plaza Hotel, only 20 minutes’ drive from the airport. Day 5 includes an amazing safari to see some of the world’s most unusual animals in their natural habitats. On the final day, you can make shopping trip into town.
Included in this special offer: 6 nights in 5* hotel accommodation. Depart from London Heathrow Airport. Bed and breakfast meal basis. Price (£1, 355) is per person based on two people sharing a room.
36. During Day 2, the tourists will have a chance to _________.
A. cook a barbecue B. dance African dances
C. have a sleep outdoors D. walk around the rainforest
37. The tourists will go to the Zimbabwe National Hotel by________.
A. helicopter B. ship C. jeep D. raft
38. The tourists will have time to do some shopping on________.
A. Day 1 B. Day 2 C. Day 3 D. Day 6
39 We can learn from the text that the tourists ________.
A. can enjoy free meals during the whole trip
B. have to pay extra money for a single room
C. should book in advance to get a discount
D. are required to be London locals
40. Where does the text most probably come from?
A. A travel guide. B. A geography textbook.
C. A hotel advertisement. D. An introduction to Weekly News.
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期六天的非洲之旅。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“Your night under the stars, within few minutes’ walk of the Victoria Falls. Our purpose-built campsite offers our guests a chance to feel the atmosphere of the rainforest.”（你在星空下的夜晚，步行几分钟即可到达维多利亚瀑布。我们专门建造的营地让我们的客人有机会感受雨林的气氛）和“Then, as moon rises and the stars shine, you retire to your tent to sleep or to listen to the fascinating sounds of the African rainforest.”（然后，当月亮升起，星星闪烁时，你就回到帐篷里睡觉，或者听听非洲雨林迷人的声音），可知第二天，游客们是住在营地（离维多利亚瀑布很近），晚上回帐篷睡觉，可得出游客们将在户外睡一觉。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段中的“By jeep from your campsite near the Falls, you arrive at midday via the Zambezi river. The hotel offers you everything you would expect from 5* luxury hotel.”（乘坐吉普车从瀑布附近的营地出发，中午经过赞比西河到达。该酒店为您提供5*豪华酒店的一切服务），可知游客们将坐吉普车前往津巴布韦国家饭店。故选C项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段中的“Days 5-6”（第5-6天）和“On the final day, you can make shopping trip into town.”（最后一天，你可以去城里购物），可知是第6天游客们将有时间购物。故选D项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Price (£1, 355) is per person based on two people sharing a room.”（价格（$1,355 ）是按两个人合住一个房间计算的），可知$1,355是双人间的每个人的费用，可得出如果想住单人间可能需要额外加钱。故选B项。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。由文章中出现的行程安排、价格、食宿条件等信息可知，文章应该选自旅游指南。故选A项。
B
That cold January night, I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theater. With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me.
As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away from any possible robbers. Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets.
About a block from my apartment, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.
Suddenly I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran out of the door and back to where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found.
Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck pulled up to the sidewalk next to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?” I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eyes: “Is this what you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.
It was nearly 3 a.m. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn’t get much sleep that night, but I had gotten my wallet back. I also had gotten back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.
41. How did the author feel when she was walking home after work?
A. Cold and sick. B. Fortunate and hopeful.
C. Satisfied and cheerful. D. Disappointed and helpless.
42. What is the author’s problem in Paragraph 1?
A. She didn’t know how to learn acting in an evening school.
B. She failed to balance her part-time job and acting.
C. She had to take part in various city activities.
D. She gave up both acting and San Francisco.
43. On her way home the author ______.
A. lost her wallet unknowingly B. was stopped by a garbage truck driver
C. was robbed of her wallet by an armed man D. found some homeless people following her
44. In the fifth paragraph why did the author say she was dreaming?
A. Her wallet was found in a garbage truck. B. Someone offered to take her back home.
C. She heard someone call her name. D. A red-haired man came to see her.
45. From the passage, we can infer that the author ______.
A. would stop working at night B. would stay on in San Francisco
C. would make friends with cleaners D. would give up her job at the bank
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文。在一个失意的夜晚作者独自回家，工作及生活的不顺使作者心情沮丧，甚至于考虑要放弃在旧金山这个大都市的生活。然而随后发生的钱包失而复得的事情却让作者感受到了人们之间的温暖，也感受到了世界的美好，内心又充满了对城市生活的希望。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me.(我一边走，一边认真地考虑着要不要放弃演戏和旧金山。城市生活对我来说已经太多了)”可知，作者想放弃演戏甚至城市生活的消极心态说明了作者走在大街上的心情，用disappointed形容正确。第二段“As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold.(当我走在高楼下面空荡荡的街道上时，我觉得自己非常渺小和寒冷)”可知，高楼和空寂的大街衬托出我的渺小和无助，因此用helpless形容也很正确。故选D。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time.(我在银行的兼职工作和晚上的表演都让我很头疼)”可知，作者没有协调好兼职工作与表演之间的关系。故选B。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.(尽管如此，那声音还是让我紧张，所以我开始跑得更快了。直到我到达我的公寓大楼，打开门，我才意识到刚才的声音是什么。原来是我的钱包掉到人行道上了)”可知，作者在回家的路上不知不觉地丢了钱包。故选A。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?” I thought I was dreaming.(这时有个声音从里面喊道“艾丽莎·卡马乔？”我以为我在做梦)”可知，听见有人叫他的名字，作者以为在做梦。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I also had got back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn't be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.(我也恢复了一些城市生活的乐趣。我意识到只要人们愿意互相帮助，城市就不会是一个糟糕的地方)”可推知，作者可能会继续留在旧金山。故选B。
C
Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are just a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control.
One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to a competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores.
The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed gratification. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat.
Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive ( 冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational ( 理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.
Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve our long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment, and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides.
46. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people .
A. avoid various possible troubles
B. communicate well with others
C. show proper behaviors consciously
D. deal with more important things timely
47. What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies?
A. Those having the highest IQ scores.
B. Those respecting the teacher most.
C. Those having the greatest willpower.
D. Those performing most actively in class.
48. What does the underlined word “gratification” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A. Effect. B. Competition. C. Hardship. D. Enjoyment.
49. What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975?
A. Few children could get two treats.
B. Not all the kids was short of patience.
C. Most of the children ate another treat.
D. Self-control is very important for one’s future.
50. Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system?
A. Consuming plenty of sweet food.
B. Staying up late at night often.
C. Copying others’ homework.
D. Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks.
【答案】46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了自我控制是一项重要的技能，它使我们能够规范行为，以实现我们的长期目标。研究表明，自我控制不仅对实现目标很重要，而且意志力更强的人往往在各方面都做得更好。同时分析了自控力的形成原因。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals.可知自我控制是为了避免不良行为、增加可取行为和实现长期目标而调节和调整反应的能力。即良好的自我控制能力可以帮助人们有意识地表现出正确的行为。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。第二段中In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to a competitive academic program.可知表现出更强自我控制能力的学生成绩更好，考试分数更高，更有可能被一个竞争激烈的学术项目录取。即意志力最强的学生最有可能在学习上取得最好的成绩。故选C。
【48题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats.（在这些实验中，孩子们被提供了一个选择:他们可以选择马上吃一种零食，通常是一块饼干或一块糖果，或者他们可以等一小段时间，以便得到两种零食。）可推知让小孩选择立即吃一颗糖，还是等待后吃两颗糖这个实验是有关于“延迟满足”的，故划线部分单词意思为“享受；满足”，A. Effect.影响；B. Competition.竞争；C. Hardship.困苦；D. Enjoyment.享受。故选D。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat.（不出所料，许多孩子在实验者离开房间的那一刻就选择了吃单一的食物。然而，一些孩子能够等待第二次治疗。）可知我们能从米歇尔1975年的实验中了解到并不是所有的孩子都缺乏耐心。故选B。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.（冷系统是我们意志力的一部分，它是理性的、深思熟虑的，它使我们能够考虑我们行为的后果，从而抑制我们的冲动。）可知冷系统是我们意志力的一部分是理性和周到的，是我们可以考虑我们行为的后果。分析选项只有D选项“停止喝高糖饮料”是考虑行为后果的做法，故选D。
【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如第五小题，根据倒数第二段最后一句The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.（冷系统是我们意志力的一部分，它是理性的、深思熟虑的，它使我们能够考虑我们行为的后果，从而抑制我们的冲动。）可知冷系统是我们意志力的一部分是理性和周到的，是我们可以考虑我们行为的后果。分析选项只有D选项“停止喝高糖饮料”是考虑行为后果的做法，故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
I remembered an incident when I was a teenage girl clearly. Once, I was travelling by train with my mom and my elder sister to visit my grandparents in another city. It was a day journey and we entered the ladies compartment(车室)of the train. It was crowded but we got seats and settled down. We kept our luggage under the seats and waited for the train to start.
Ladies kept on coming inside. The seats were quickly taken. Only one seat was empty when a woman with a baby entered. She was about to go over to the empty place when a big and strong man entered and walked to the seat quickly, sitting down with a thump(重击声). Therefore, the lady with the child held on to her bag and stood in the corner. I was watching all this angrily. I expected the woman standing there or any of the other ladies to speak out to ask the man to leave the ladies compartment.
However, no one spoke. My mom and my sister had their eyes shut to rest, unaware of anything wrong. I decided I could not disturb them. I could have offered my place but I was already squashed(挤扁)between my mom and my sister.
The train started. The woman standing beside the man was swaying(摇摆) to and fro with the train, with the screaming child in her arms. However, the manner-less man had no reaction. I was furious with the man for his bad behavior. I could no longer bear it, so I decided to help the woman in some way. I got up and walked calmly over to the man. I asked him if he could read. He made a bad face and said he could. Next, I asked him to read what was written on the back of his seat. He did so and saw “Ladies”on it. He got the point and left the compartment in a big hurry, almost falling.
51. Why did the author take the train journey? (no more than 5 words)
________________
52. Why did the woman with a baby have to stand in the corner? (no more than 10 words)
________________
53. What is the meaning of the underlined word “furious”in Paragraph 4? (1 word)
________________
54. How did the author make the man realize his mistake? (no more than 15 words)
________________
55. What do you think of the author’s act? Please explain. (no more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】51. She went to visit grandparents.
52. A man took the last empty seat. 53. Angry
54. She asked him to read what was written on the back of his seat.
55. Caring and courageous. She cared about the woman with a baby and was the only one who reminded men of their mistakes.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和母亲以及姐姐坐火车去看祖父母，在火车上看到一个男人走进了女士车厢，并把最后一个空位占了，导致一个带着孩子的女士只能站着，作者很生气，最后她想办法提醒了那位男士这是女士车厢，让他羞愧离去。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Once, I was travelling by train with my mom and my elder sister to visit my grandparents in another city.(有一次，我和妈妈、姐姐坐火车去另一个城市看望爷爷奶奶)”可知，作者要去看望祖父母，所以才坐火车。故填She went to visit grandparents.
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“She was about to go over to the empty place when a big and strong man entered and walked to the seat quickly, sitting down with a thump. Therefore, the lady with the child held on to her bag and stood in the corner.(她正要走到那个空位子上，这时一个高大强壮的男人走了进来，迅速走到座位前，砰的一声坐了下来。因此，带孩子的女士抓住她的包站在角落里)”可知，一个男人坐了车厢里的最后一个空位，所以带着孩子的女士只能站在角落里。故填A man took the last empty seat.
【53题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据最后一段中“However, the manner-less man had no reaction.(然而，这个无礼的人没有任何反应)”以及“I could no longer bear it, so I decided to help the woman in some way.(我再也无法忍受了，所以我决定以某种方式帮助那个女人)”可推知，作者不能忍受男人的无礼行为，所以她是很生气的，可推出furious是“生气”之意，和angry意思相近。故填Angry。
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“I got up and walked calmly over to the man. I asked him if he could read. He made a bad face and said he could. Next, I asked him to read what was written on the back of his seat. He did so and saw “Ladies”on it. He got the point and left the compartment in a big hurry, almost falling.(我站起来，平静地向那个人走去。我问他是否识字。他做了个鬼脸，说他可以。接下来，我让他读了写在椅背上的字。他照做了，看到上面写着“女士们”。他明白了，匆忙地离开了车厢，差点摔倒)”可知，作者要求男人看椅背上的字，让他意识到这是女士车厢。故填She asked him to read what was written on the back of his seat.
【55题详解】
开放性试题。根据第二段“Only one seat was empty when a woman with a baby entered. She was about to go over to the empty place when a big and strong man entered and walked to the seat quickly, sitting down with a thump. Therefore, the lady with the child held on to her bag and stood in the corner. I was watching all this angrily.(当一位抱着婴儿的妇女进来时，只有一个座位空着。她正要走到那个空位子上，这时一个高大强壮的男人走了进来，迅速走到座位前，砰的一声坐了下来。因此，带孩子的女士抓住她的包站在角落里。我愤怒地看着这一切)”以及最后一段“I could no longer bear it, so I decided to help the woman in some way. I got up and walked calmly over to the man. I asked him if he could read. He made a bad face and said he could. Next, I asked him to read what was written on the back of his seat. He did so and saw “Ladies”on it. He got the point and left the compartment in a big hurry, almost falling.(我再也无法忍受了，所以我决定以某种方式帮助那个女人。我站起来，平静地向那个人走去。我问他是否识字。他做了个鬼脸，说他可以。接下来，我让他读了写在椅背上的字。他照做了，看到上面写着“女士们”。他明白了，匆忙地离开了车厢，差点摔倒)”可知，作者关心带孩子的女士，并且是唯一一个提醒男人错误的人，所以是有爱心和勇气的。故填Caring and courageous. She cared about the woman with a baby and was the only one who reminded men of their mistakes.
第二节：书面表达(共1小题：满分25分)
56. 青少年研究专家Susan Taylor在自己的英文网站上开辟专栏，邀请大家分享心目中的“最好礼物”。她认为，礼物贵在心意，应为之付出时间和精力。假设你是李津，请用英文发帖，内容要点包括：
(1)赞同Susan的看法；
(2)描述你收到或送出的最好礼物；
(3)该礼物的意义。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Li Jin, China
Reply to Susan Taylor
Posted on Dec.23rd 2022, 10:00 a.m.
I’m Li Jin, a high school student from China.________
此处不能答题
I’m Li Jin, a high school student from China.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I’m Li Jin a high school student from China. As for your view on gifts, I cannot agree more. Here is my own experience. The best gift I’ve received is my English teacher's New Year's card. On opening the card reading “My dear, just believe in yourself and you'll make it!”, a sense of warmth crowded into my heart. For me, it's more than a card but the trust she gave me. She believes I can, therefore, I really manage to do it. I know that it's not the present but the thought that counts. That card reflected her concern which I’ll save forever.
Hope you share your best gift with us. Looking forward to your reply.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。青少年研究专家Susan Taylor在自己的英文网站上开辟专栏，邀请大家分享心目中的“最好礼物”。她认为，礼物贵在心意，应为之付出时间和精力。假设你是李津，请用英文发帖。
【详解】1.词汇积累
保存：save→preserve
重要：count→matter
相信：believe in→trust
给予：give→supply
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：She believes I can, therefore, I really manage to do it.
拓展句：I really manage to do it because she believes I can.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The best gift I’ve received is my English teacher's New Year's card. (运用了省略关系词的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I know that it's not the present but the thought that counts. (运用了that引导宾语从句)