天津市十二区重点学校2023届高三英语联考(二)试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份天津市十二区重点学校2023届高三英语联考(二)试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了本试卷共55题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年天津市十二区重点学校高三毕业班联考(二)
英语试卷
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共130分。考试用时100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至7页，第Ⅱ卷7至8页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号涂写在答题卡上，答卷时，考生务必将卷Ⅰ的答案填涂在答题卡上，卷Ⅱ答在答题纸上，卷Ⅱ答在试卷上的无效。
第Ⅰ卷(共95分)
注意事项：
1.每小题选出答案后，把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2.本试卷共55题。在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项正确。
第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1. —How about your trip to Xi’an this summer, Jack?
—________. I strongly recommend you go there for your holiday.
A. Well done B. I really got a kick
C. It’s none of your business D. I’m all thumbs
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——杰克，你这个夏天去西安的旅行怎么样？——我真的很开心。我强烈建议你去那里度假。A. Well done做得很好；B. I really got a kick我真的很开心；C. It’s none of your business与你无关；D. I’m all thumbs我笨手笨脚的。根据下句“I strongly recommend you go there for your holiday.”可知，答者想推荐问者去西安旅行，说明旅行很棒，B项“我真的很开心”符合语境。故选B项。
2. About 60 percent of the students_____from the south, the rest of them____from the north and foreign countries.
A. are, is B. is, is
C. is, are D. are, are
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】本题解析略。
3. The employers often give the job to________they believe has work experience with strong sense of duty.
A. whoever B. who C. those who D. whomever
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：雇主通常把这份工作给那些他们认为有工作经验和强烈责任感的人。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导从句，在从句中作主语，根据从句谓语动词has可知，主语应为单数形式，those who引导从句时，从句谓语形式与先行词those保持一致，为复数形式，故排除；whomever引导从句时，在从句中作宾语或表语，故排除；结合句意可知，此处应表示“无论谁”，没有范围，whoever更合适。故选A项。
4. You’d better back up general statements with________examples to make your article full and detailed.
A. various B. specific C. typical D. individual
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你最好用具体的例子来支持一般的陈述，使你的文章完整而详细。A. various各种各样的；B. specific具体的；C. typical典型的；有代表性的；D. individual单独的。根据“to make your article full and detailed.”可知，为了你的文章完整而详细，需要具体的例子。故选B。
5. The dress is a cheaper ______ of the one seen at the Paris fashion shows.
A. vision B. version C. variety D. vehicle
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条裙子是巴黎时装秀上的便宜版。A. vision愿景，幻想；B. version版本，型号；C. variety种类；D. vehicle交通工具。结合句意，此处是指这条裙子是时装秀上看到的那条裙子的便宜版本。故选B。
6. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree___they can be controlled on purpose.
A. with which B. to which
C. of which D. for which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于它们能被有意控制的程度。to which引导定语从句；which指代先行词animals,表示“对它们来说”；with which 意为“和……在一起”；of which 意为“其中”；for which 意为“为了”，故选B。
7. Peacock Dance by Yang Liping comes from a traditional belief that it aims to________the Dai women’s beauty.
A. bring out B. show off C. pass down D. turn up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：杨丽萍的《孔雀舞》源于一种传统观念，认为它旨在展现傣族女性的美。A. bring out使明显； 拿出；展现；B. show off炫耀；C. pass down传递；D. turn up出现。根据“the Dai women’s beauty.”可知，杨丽萍的《孔雀舞》展现傣族女性的美。故选A。
8. It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：对于公务人员来说向人们索取礼物或钱来作为帮忙的交换是非法的。A. in preference to优先于；B. in place of代替；C. in agreement with 同意，与……一致；D. in exchange for作为……的交换。根据句意可知，此处指索取礼物或钱财作为帮忙的交换。故选D。
9. If you are facing a difficult task, try breaking it into small steps________you can finish it more easily.
A. in case B. so that C. even if D. now that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：如果你正面临一项困难的任务，试着把它分成小步骤，这样你就能更容易地完成它。A. in case以防万一；B. so that为了、目的是；C. even if即使；D. now that既然。根据句意可知，将任务分成小步骤是“为了”更容易完成，为直接目的，应用so that引导，此处是一个目的状语从句。故选B项。
10. Having worked as a doctor for so many years, Mr. White has________rich experience in battling with various diseases.
A. accumulated B. reserved C. increased D. developed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：怀特先生从医多年，积累了与各种疾病作斗争的丰富经验。A. accumulated积累；B. reserved保留、贮备；C. increased增加、增强；D. developed开发、发展、养成。根据前面的“Having worked as a doctor for so many years”及句意可知，工作多年，应该是积累了丰富经验，accumulated符合句意。故选A项。
11. 92000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops________.
A. up to now B. ten years ago C. now and then D. by the end of next year
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语。句意：到目前为止，全国种植粮食作物的耕地面积已达9.2万公顷。A. up to now到目前为止，用现在完成时；B. ten years ago十年前，用一般过去时；C. now and then有时，用一般现在时；D. by the end of next year到明年年底前，用将来完成时。根据句中时态have been planted可知，此处应用up to now来表示“到目前为止”，故选A。
12. Although he did not do it___________, he definitely had some responsibility.
A. instantly B. deliberately
C. accidentally D. casually
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。A. instantly立即地；B. deliberately故意地；C. accidentally意外地，偶然地；D. casually随便地。句意：虽然他不是故意这样做的，但他确实负有一定的责任。故选B.
13. Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life.
A. being raised B. raising C. raised D. having raised
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大，但他一直喜欢记录小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知，此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Dave Mitchell与动词raise之间为被动关系，完整句子为Though he was raised in San Francisco，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以此处应用过去分词形式；being raised表示被动和进行，此处与句意不符，其他选项均不表示被动，与句意不符。故选C项。
14. I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child __________ make such a foolish mistake.
A. shall B. must
C. can D. should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。 句意：我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词，可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的，常常译为"竟会"、"居然"，这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外，shall表示允诺，命令等，must表示必须，can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。
15. —What happened to you and Anna? Why did she ?
—She thought I gave away her secret that she failed the math exam.
A. refuse to back down B. give you the cold shoulder
C. have green fingers D. laugh her head off
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查谚语辨析。句意：——你和安娜怎么了？她为什么冷落你？——她以为我泄露了她数学考试不及格的秘密。A. refuse to back down拒绝后退；B. give you the cold shoulder冷落你；C. have green fingers擅长园艺；D. laugh her head off笑掉大牙。由“She thought I gave away her secret that she failed the math exam”可知，空格处所在句子表示“她为什么冷落你”，因此空格处是give you the cold shoulder，故选B。
第二节：完型填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
When I was in my final year of college, a good friend of mine was planning to visit a toastmaster(宴会主持人) club and invited me to join her.____16____I loved the idea of public speaking and hoped that the____17____would be also where I would see myself someday, I was a self-doubting person filled with pessimism, which never gave me the____18____to take that baby step.
Later, my another friend encouraged me to____19____one of the forums. ____20____, I still never joined in it until I____21____ . It was when I started working in a company and moved to a different city, and I was lonely that I____22____myself harder to give this forum a(o)____23____. Little did I know that it was this little forum that was really a start to bigger____24____Since then I have started to_____25_____the road to my career as a toastmaster gradually.
That friend doesn't know what a(n)_____26_____his little encouragement has made on my life. Today I am a_____27_____individual; pessimism no longer has the upper hand and I can_____28_____call myself a public speaker. I still remember when I_____29_____my first paycheck for my public speaking, tears weren’t enough to_____30_____my emotions. I have been speaking on _____31_____occasions to various audiences since then. Whenever I walk up to the platform, holding the microphone, I believe that I am nothing but myself.
I don’t just give a_____32_____to the crowd. Sometimes, I tell them a story—one that has a_____33_____reflection of my past pessimism, one that is related to my sincere_____34_____for that friend of mine and one that_____35_____my hidden passion and talent, which might have been forgotten had it not been for her encouragement.
16. A. But B. Since C. Unless D. Though
17. A. class B. stage C. situation D. opportunity
18. A. courage B. permission C. freedom D. ability
19. A. create B. sponsor C. attend D. know
20. A. Otherwise B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However
21. A. succeeded B. graduated C. married D. settled
22. A. helped B. developed C. pushed D. recommended
23. A. try B. comment C. excuse D. purpose
24. A. tasks B. jobs C. facts D. things
25. A. repair B. block C. take D. hold
26. A. impact B. solution C. decision D. profit
27. A. strange B. confident C. common D. calm
28. A. proudly B. immediately C. exactly D. carefully
29. A. expected B. spent C. paid D. earned
30. A. arouse B. explore C. define D. handle
31. A. entire B. different C. wide D. considerate
32 A. present B. lecture C. mark D. chance
33. A. sudden B. useful C. further D. dark
34. A. explanation B. sympathy C. appreciation D. responsibility
35. A. shouts out B. calls off C. makes up D. gives away
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者起初对演讲充满自我怀疑，随后朋友鼓励作者参加演讲，作者逐渐培养出公开演讲的信心和技能，最终成为一名演讲家。
【16题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我喜欢公开演讲的想法，并希望有一天我也能在这个舞台上看到自己，但我是一个充满悲观情绪的自我怀疑的人，这种情绪从未给我迈出那一小步的勇气。A. But但是；B. Since自从；C. Unless除非；D. Though尽管。由上文“I loved the idea of public speaking”和下文“I was a self-doubting person filled with pessimism”可知，前后是转折关系，此处应用though引导让步状语从句，作者虽然喜欢公开演讲，但自己是一个充满悲观情绪的自我怀疑的人，所以不敢上台演讲，故选D。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我喜欢公开演讲的想法，并希望有一天我也能在这个舞台上看到自己，但我是一个充满悲观情绪的自我怀疑的人，这种情绪从未给我迈出那一小步的勇气。A. class班级；B. stage舞台；C. situation情况；D. opportunity机会。由上文“I loved the idea of public speaking and hoped that the”可知，是在舞台上公开演讲，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我喜欢公开演讲的想法，并希望有一天我也能在这个舞台上看到自己，但我是一个充满悲观情绪的自我怀疑的人，这种情绪从未给我迈出那一小步的勇气。A. courage勇气；B. permission允许；C. freedom自由；D. ability能力。由上文“I was a self-doubting person filled with pessimism, which never gave me the”和下文“to take that baby step”可知，作者是一个充满悲观情绪的自我怀疑的人，所以没有勇气向前迈出一小步，故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的另一个朋友鼓励我参加一个论坛。A. create创造；B. sponsor资助；C. attend出席；参加；D. know知道。由下文“one of the forums”可知，朋友鼓励作者参加一个论坛，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我毕业之前都没有参加过。A. Otherwise否则；B. Moreover此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。由下文“I still never joined in it”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然作者朋友鼓励作者去参加论坛，但是作者毕业之前都没有参加过，故选D。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我毕业之前都没有参加过。A. succeeded成功；B. graduated毕业；C. married结婚；D. settled定居；解决。由第一段中“When I was in my final year of college”和下文“It was when I started working in a company”可知，作者在毕业之前没有参加过论坛，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我开始在一家公司工作，搬到另一个城市的时候，我感到孤独，于是我更加努力地推动自己去尝试这个论坛。A. helped帮助；B. developed发展；C. pushed推动；D. recommended推荐。由下文“myself harder to give this forum”和上文提到作者在毕业之前没有参加过论坛可知，作者在工作后开始推动自己去参加论坛，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始在一家公司工作，搬到另一个城市的时候，我感到孤独，于是我更加努力地推动自己去尝试这个论坛。A. try尝试；B. comment评论；C. excuse借口；D. purpose目的。由上文“myself harder to give this forum”可知，作者推动自己去尝试这个论坛，give sth. a try意为“尝试某物”，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道的是，这个小小的论坛真的是一个更大的事情的开始。A. tasks任务；B. jobs工作；C. facts事实；D. things事情。由下文“the road to my career as a toastmaster gradually.”可知，作者从参加论坛后，开始成为一名演讲主持人，所以说这个小小的论坛真的是一个更大的事情的开始，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我开始逐渐走上演讲家的职业道路。A. repair修理；B. block阻止；C. take拿走；走（某条路线）；D. hold握住。由下文“the road to my career as a toastmaster gradually.”可知，作者开始逐渐走上演讲家的职业道路，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个朋友不知道他的小小鼓励对我的生活产生了多大的影响。A. impact影响；B. solution解决方法；C. decision决定；D. profit利润。由下文“his little encouragement has made on my life.”可知，朋友的小小鼓励对作者产生了很大影响，“his little encouragement has made on my life”是省略关系词引导的定语从句，此处是make an impact on固定搭配，意为“对……产生影响”，故选A。
27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，我是一个自信的人：悲观主义不再占上风，我可以自豪地称自己是一个公开演讲者。A. strange奇怪的；B. confident自信的；C. common普通的；D. calm冷静的。由下文“pessimism no longer has the upper hand”和“call myself a public speaker.”可知，作者不再感到悲观，他现在是一名演讲家，对自己充满自信，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，我是一个自信的人：悲观主义不再占上风，我可以自豪地称自己是一个公开演讲者。A. proudly骄傲地；自豪地；B. immediately立即；C. exactly准确地；D. carefully仔细地。由上文“pessimism no longer has the upper hand and I can”可知，作者不再感到悲观，他充满自信，可以自豪地称自己是一名演讲家，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得当我因为公开演讲而获得第一份薪水时，眼泪不足以定义我的情绪。A. expected期望；B. spent花费；C. paid支付；D. earned赚。由下文“my first paycheck for my public speaking”可知，此处指作者赚到第一个公开演讲的薪水，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. arouse唤起；B. explore探索；C. define下定义；D. handle处理。上文提到作者获得第一份薪水，所以激动的泪水无法定义自己的情绪，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直在不同的场合对不同的听众演讲。A. entire整个的；B. different不同的；C. wide宽的；D. considerate体贴的。由下文“occasions to various audiences since then”可知，作者一直在不同的场合对不同的听众演讲，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不只是给大家演讲。A. present在场；B. lecture演讲；C. mark标记；D. chance机会。由上文提到作者是一个演讲家可知，作者给大家演讲，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我会给他们讲一个故事——一个反映我过去悲观情绪的悲观故事，一个与我对那位朋友的真诚感激有关的故事，一个呼唤我隐藏的激情和才华的故事，如果不是她的鼓励，我的激情和才华都可能会被遗忘。A. sudden突然的；B. useful有用的；C. further进一步的；D. dark悲观的；黑暗的。由下文“reflection of my past pessimism,”可知，作者会讲述反映自己悲伤情绪的悲观故事，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，我会给他们讲一个故事——一个反映我过去悲观情绪的悲观故事，一个与我对那位朋友的真诚感激有关的故事，一个呼唤我隐藏的激情和才华的故事，如果不是她的鼓励，我的激情和才华都可能会被遗忘。A. explanation解释；B. sympathy同情；C. appreciation欣赏；感激；D. responsibility责任。由下文“for that friend of mine”和上文提到的作者朋友鼓励作者参加论坛可知，作者很感激自己的朋友，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时候，我会给他们讲一个故事——一个反映我过去悲观情绪的悲观故事，一个与我对那位朋友的真诚感激有关的故事，一个呼唤我隐藏的激情和才华的故事，如果不是她的鼓励，我的激情和才华都可能会被遗忘。A. shouts out大喊；呼喊；B. calls off取消；C. makes up组成；D. gives away捐赠。由下文“my hidden passion and talent”和上文提到的作者朋友鼓励作者去参加论坛可知，此处指作者隐藏的激情和才华被呼唤出来，故选A。
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
A
So whether you are “a yoga professional” looking for somewhere new to practice, or “a novice” interested in trying yoga for the first time, Move GB is pulling all the stops out for National Yoga Month, reaching out to its 1,281 yoga partners to generate a yoga schedule for Londoners that will keep you inspired and feeling great throughout the month.
Monday, 3 September
Sunrise yoga in the clouds at Yogasphere
Start the day with an active yoga practice. An hour of mind, body and soul relaxation makes you feel flexible, inspired, and ready for the day ahead.
24th floor of The Shard, 32 London Bridge Street SEI 9SG; movegb.com
Saturday, 8 September
Aerial (空中的) yoga at Flying Fantastic
Aerial yoga gives a slightly different reading of the ancient art of yoga I uses poses through seven paths in the body and can help those with back and shoulder pain and provides a good workout. It’s devoted to helping you reduce the tension in the bones and muscles, which in turn increases your balance ability and flexibility in the muscles.
Yard Arches, 229 Union Street SEI 0LR; movegb.com
Wednesday, 12 September
Color therapy with Chroma Yoga
Conquer the mid-week tiredness and stimulate your senses with Chroma Yoga, which combines yoga practice with light and color therapy techniques, brain-stimulating music and natural smell to create a wellness experience.
45 Charlotte Road, Hackney EC2A 3PG; movegb.com
Thursday, 20 September
Power yoga at Factory 45
Turn on your holiday with an experimental studio space in the heart of Borough that is now home to art, music, fashion and fitness.
44-46 Newington Causeway, Elephant & Castle SEI 6DR; movegb.com
36. What is “a novice”?
A. A student. B. A beginner. C. A yoga coach. D. A pregnant woman.
37. If you want to practice yoga early in the morning, you should choose________.
A. Power yoga at Factory 45
B. Aerial yoga at Flying Fantastic
C. Color therapy with Chroma Yoga
D. Sunrise yoga in the clouds at Yogasphere
38. Aerial yoga class of Move GB benefits you by .
A. helping you get rid of outdated yoga moves
B. teaching you some basic dancing skills
C. curing your back and shoulder diseases
D. making your body more flexible
39. Taking Color therapy with Chroma Yoga classes, you can .
A. do yoga exercise while your senses are stimulated
B. experience floating in the air and enjoy nice views
C. enjoy colorful paintings by famous artists
D. create your own therapy techniques
40. What does Move GB intend to do?
A. To teach us the correct yoga routines.
B. To show us the benefit of doing yoga.
C. To encourage people to take more exercise.
D. To spread yoga classes throughout London.
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Move GB的一系列瑜伽活动。
【36题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“trying yoga for the first time(第一次尝试瑜伽)”可知，第一次尝试瑜伽的是瑜伽新手，所以a novice是新手，故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sunrise yoga in the clouds at Yogasphere部分的“Start the day with an active yoga practice.(以积极的瑜伽练习开始新的一天。)”可知，如果你想在清晨练习瑜伽，你应该选择Sunrise yoga in the clouds at Yogasphere，故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Aerial (空中的) yoga at Flying Fantastic部分的“It’s devoted to helping you reduce the tension in the bones and muscles, which in turn increases your balance ability and flexibility in the muscles.(它致力于帮助你减少骨骼和肌肉的紧张，从而提高你的平衡能力和肌肉的灵活性。)”可知，Move GB的空中瑜伽课程的好处在于让你的身体更灵活，故选D。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Color therapy with Chroma Yoga部分的“Conquer the mid-week tiredness and stimulate your senses with Chroma Yoga, which combines yoga practice with light and color therapy techniques, brain-stimulating music and natural smell to create a wellness experience.(克服周中疲劳，用色度瑜伽刺激你的感官，将瑜伽练习与光和色彩疗法技术、刺激大脑的音乐和自然气味相结合，创造一种健康的体验。)”可知，参加Color therapy with Chroma Yoga，你可以在刺激感官的同时做瑜伽锻炼。故选A。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“So whether you are “a yoga professional” looking for somewhere new to practice, or “a novice” interested in trying yoga for the first time, Move GB is pulling all the stops out for National Yoga Month, reaching out to its 1,281 yoga partners to generate a yoga schedule for Londoners that will keep you inspired and feeling great throughout the month.(因此，无论你是寻找新地方练习的“瑜伽专业人士”，还是对第一次尝试瑜伽感兴趣的“新手”，Move GB都在全国瑜伽月全力以赴，与1281名瑜伽合作伙伴联系，为伦敦人制定一份瑜伽时间表，让你在整个月里都保持灵感和感觉良好。)”可知，Move GB打算在伦敦推广瑜伽课程。故选D。
B
Only shock prevented the tears from streaming down my face. My cells were dead. After being accepted into the competitive Stanford Institutes of Medicine Summer Research Program (SIMR), and spending approximately 170 hours of the past month studying human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) (人胚胎干细胞), I was back to square on — with only one month of my internship(实习) left . How in the world was I going to make up for lost time?
As I asked myself the question, I thought back to exactly how I had spent those 170 hours working to develop the stem cells. I started my internship a little overwhelmed by the complex equipment in the lab. After I familiarized myself with the equipment, I began to find the function of PRDMI — a gene thought to control replication (复制) in hESCs. First, though, I needed to make a growth medium (培养基) for the hESCs. I painstakingly measured to the ten millionth of a liter, testing the accuracy of each measurement multiple times before finally putting it into the medium solution. After I plated the hESCs on my new medium, I waited with bated breath for the results.
To my joy, two days later, my cells were growing very well and even outgrowing their new home. I successfully created hundreds of stable hESCs. Everything seemed to be going so well. But now....
“Nancy, I know taking the news the first time can be hard, but keep in mind, you probably didn't do anything wrong. You know how sensitive they are. This sort of thing is common when working with stem cells,” the program director said gently.
“I know,” I said. “I’m ready to try again.”
Thomas Edison said. “Our greatest weakness lies in giving up. The most certain way to succeed is always to try just one more time.
41 What do we know about the author from Paragraph 1?
A. She was seriously ill because of a cell disease.
B. Her internship was shortened for some reason.
C. Her research result didn't reach her expectation.
D. She cried a lot after not accomplishing her goal.
42. How long did the author’s internship remain when the cells lost their lives?
A. One month. B. Two months.
C. One hundred and seventy hours. D. One year.
43. What are the feelings expressed in the underlined sentence?
A. Doubt and confusion. B. Relief and relaxation.
C. Anxiety and eagerness. D. Sadness and disappointment.
44. According to the program director, what is very usual during replication in hESCs?
A. Efforts made in vain. B. Cells growing too big.
C. Researchers getting injured. D. Medium solution incorrectly measured.
45. What does the author try to tell us through this story?
A. Hard work always brings good luck. B. Stick to hope and never give up.
C. Think twice before you act. D. Never miss a mistake.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在斯坦福医学院暑期研究项目(SIMR)实习期间的经历，在那里他们花了170个小时研究人类胚胎干细胞(hESCs)。在最初成功地制造出稳定的hESCs后，他们发现这些细胞已经死亡。作者感到震惊和不知所措，回忆起他们在工作中付出的努力，并决定不顾挫折再试一次。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Only shock prevented the tears from streaming down my face. My cells were dead.(只有震惊使我的眼泪没有从脸上流下来。我的细胞都死了)”可知，作者研究所培养的细胞都死了，即她的研究结果没有达到她的预期。故选C。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was back to square on — with only one month of my internship(实习) left .(我又回到了正轨——我的实习只剩下一个月了)”可知，在培养的细胞死亡时，作者的实习期只剩下一个月的时间。故选A。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句前面的内容“After I plated the hESCs on my new medium,( 我把hESCs镀在新培养基上后)”以及划线句后面的句子“To my joy, two days later, my cells were growing very well and even outgrowing their new home. (令我高兴的是，两天后，我的细胞生长得非常好，甚至超过了它们的新家)”可知，作者提交了自己新的培养基后，以一种期待的焦急和渴望的心情等待着实验结果。由此推知，划线句与C选项为同义词，即表示“焦急和渴望”。故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“This sort of thing is common when working with stem cells.(这种情况在处理干细胞时很常见)”可知，在实验过程中培养的细胞死亡是非常常见的事情。故选A。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thomas Edison said. “Our greatest weakness lies in giving up. The most certain way to succeed is always to try just one more time.(托马斯·爱迪生说。“我们最大的弱点在于放弃。成功最可靠的方法就是再试一次)”可推知，作者通过自己的故事告诉读者坚持希望不要放弃。故选B。
C
As people travelling by air become increasingly aware of their carbon footprint, flying has become not only one of the most polluting industries, but also one with the most potential to turn things around.
After Solar Impulse 2 completed the world’s first flight by a solar-powered aircraft in 2016, airlines and aircraft producers looked to become the first to provide a commercial plane. Bertrand Piccard, one of the pilots responsible for Solar Impulse 2’s journey said, “Al1 the clean technologies we’ve already had can be used everywhere. We have to use them, not only for the environment, but also because they are profitable and able to create jobs.”
The following year saw many projects in the aviation (航空) field as the airline industry acknowledged the future of low- carbon transportation methods. In 2017, Zunum Aero, a small aviation company which focused on delivering a range of hybrid-electric (混合电动的) planes received financial aid from JetBlue and Boeing, whilst EasyJet teamed up with Wright Electric to develop battery-powered aircraft and NASA also announced its plans to develop its own electric aircraft.
Orkney Islands, lying about 20 miles north of the Scottish mainland, are rich in renewable resources, especially the wind energy. Loganair, a Scottish airline, is cooperating with aviation companies to make Orkney the world’s first fully electric airline routes. However, this is never easy. Due to the limited size and weight of a battery that an airplane can carry, airplane producers are faced with a bottleneck—the continued power supply for electric airplanes. They believe the abundant wind energy in Orkney could be the key to solving it.
The benefits of electric air travel transcend its low-carbon emissions. Aviation experts believe these aircraft’s power source will also mean they will be less noisy, smaller, require less maintenance costs, and need a shorter runway to take off and land—this could lead to more airports in small cities and more rural areas being connected to the world at large.
46. What did Bertrand want to convey in his words?
A. The future of aircraft pilots.
B. The success of Solar Impulse 2.
C. The convenience of commercial planes.
D The significance of using renewable energy.
47. How did EasyJet carry out the low-carbon transportation methods?
A. By asking for financial support from banks.
B. By working together with another company.
C. By purchasing patents from other countries.
D. By improving the technology on its own.
48. What will airplane producers probably do to make Orkney’s electric airline routes a reality?
A. Use natural resources to charge airplanes.
B. Build more coal-fired power stations.
C Develop shorter airline routes.
D. Increase the size of battery.
49. What does the underlined word “transcend” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Go beyond. B. Rely on. C. Differ from. D. Refer to.
50. What’s the benefit of electric planes besides its green footprint?
A. Making plane tickets cheaper.
B. Making the flying time shorter.
C. Making the world more connected.
D. Making the plane maintenance easier.
【答案】46. D 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了清洁能源在航空行业的运用所带来的好处。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Bertrand Piccard, one of the pilots responsible for Solar Impulse 2’s journey said, “Al1 the clean technologies we’ve already had can be used everywhere. We have to use them, not only for the environment, but also because they are profitable and able to create jobs.” (负责“阳光动力2号”飞行的飞行员之一伯特兰·皮卡德说：“我们已经拥有的所有清洁技术都可以在任何地方使用。我们必须利用它们，不仅是为了环境，还因为它们有利可图，能够创造就业机会。”)”可知，Bertrand表示使用清洁技术不仅对环境有好处，还能创造岗位，这是使用清洁能源的意义。故选D项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“EasyJet teamed up with Wright Electric to develop battery-powered aircraft (易捷航空与莱特电气合作开发电池驱动飞机)”可知，EasyJet与Wright电气公司合作开发电池驱动飞机。故选B项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Loganair, a Scottish airline, is cooperating with aviation companies to make Orkney the world’s first fully electric airline routes. However, this is never easy. Due to the limited size and weight of a battery that an airplane can carry, airplane producers are faced with a bottleneck—the continued power supply for electric airplanes. They believe the abundant wind energy in Orkney could be the key to solving it. (苏格兰航空公司洛根航空正与航空公司合作，使奥克尼成为世界上第一条全电动航线。然而，这并不容易。由于飞机可携带的电池的尺寸和重量有限，飞机制造商面临着一个瓶颈——电动飞机的持续电力供应。他们认为奥克尼岛丰富的风能可能是解决这个问题的关键。)”可知，奥克尼岛丰富的风能可能是解决电动飞机持续电力供应问题的关键，说明他们将利用自然资源来给飞机供电。故选A项。
【49题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“The benefits of electric air travel transcend its low-carbon emissions. Aviation experts believe these aircraft’s power source will also mean they will be less noisy, smaller, require less maintenance costs, and need a shorter runway to take off and land (电动航空旅行的好处超越了它的低碳排放。航空专家认为，这些飞机的动力来源也意味着它们的噪音更小，体积更小，维护成本更低，并且需要更短的跑道起降)”可知，电动航空飞行的好处transcend它的低碳排放，它还有噪音更小、体积更小、维护成本更低、需要的跑道更短等优点，由此可知，此处应指它的好处不仅仅是低碳。A. Go beyond超出、胜过；B. Rely on依赖；C. Differ from与……不同；D. Refer to谈到、提及。transcend为动词，表示“超出、超越”，此处与go beyond为同义词。故选A项。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Aviation experts believe these aircraft’s power source will also mean they will be less noisy, smaller, require less maintenance costs, and need a shorter runway to take off and land—this could lead to more airports in small cities and more rural areas being connected to the world at large. (航空专家认为，这些飞机的动力来源也意味着它们噪音更小、体积更小、维护成本更低，而且需要更短的跑道起降——这可能会导致小城市和更多农村地区的机场与世界接轨。)”可知，电动飞机还有噪音更小、体积更小、维护成本更低、需要的跑道更短等特点，而这可能会导致小城市和更多的农村地区的气场与世界接轨。由此可推知，这会导致世界联系更紧密。故选C项。
D
Industry and educators all agree that the world needs creativity. There is interest in the field, lots of urging but very little action. Everyone is a bit scared of what to do next. On the question of creativity and imagination, they are mostly uncreative and unimaginative.
Educators seek artificial ways to change imaginative activity into problem-solving models that end up compromising the very creativity they celebrate. Creativity is often reduced to problem-solving. To be exact, you need imagination to solve many problems and creativity is part of what it takes. But problem-solving is far from the whole of creativity; and if you only focus creative thinking on problems and solutions, you will fall into a trap.
For teaching purposes, problems are an anxious place to cultivate creativity. If you think of anyone coming up with an idea — a new song, a dance step or a joke, it isn’t necessarily about a problem but rather an opportunity for the mind to exercise its independence. This is the purpose behind the theory of scholars now called “Big C Creativity”, which is the breakthrough kind of thinking that benefits culture or science, such as Mozart’s Alla Turca and Einstein’s theory of relativity. But the same is true of everyday “Small C Creativity” that isn’t specifically problem-based.
Enjoying the independence of the mind is the basis for naturally imaginative activity, like humor or amusing answers.
Our contemporary education systematically damages creativity and unintentionally punishes students for exercising their imagination. Schools use grades to evaluate students, which is a passive attack to the imagination.
It might be indeed impossible to teach creativity but the least we can do for our students is to make school a safe place for imagination. My viewpoint is that learning outcomes are only good for uncreative study. For education to cultivate creativity and imagination, we need to stop asking students anxiously to follow demonstrable (可论证的) proofs learning which cause a burden to students’ imagination.
51. What can be learned from the first paragraph?
A. Educators are uncreative in teaching.
B. The world has lost interest in creativity.
C. People fail to do much to become creative.
D. Educators have got down to cultivating creative students.
52. What’s the author’s attitude to educators changing creativity into problem-solving models?
A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Neutral. D. Disapproving.
53. Which of the following is a “Big C Creativity”?
A. Mike finds a way to solve a math problem.
B. Tom makes a discovery in the Biology field.
C. Darwin answers a question humorously
D. Mary learns to sing a new song.
54. According to the author, what can be done to help cultivate students’ creativity?
A. Encouraging students to get rid of fixed rules of learning.
B. Helping students to obtain better learning outcomes.
C. Starting more classes to teach students creativity.
D. Providing students with a safe place to study.
55. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Why does the world need creativity?
B. Why is it impossible to teach creativity?
C. How can we solve problems more creatively?
D. How can educators build better schools for students?
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虽然业界和教育工作者一致认为世界需要创造力，但是创造力是不能被教授的，并分析了原因。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Industry and educators all agree that the world needs creativity. There is interest in the field, lots of urging but very little action. Everyone is a bit scared of what to do next. On the question of creativity and imagination, they are mostly uncreative and unimaginative.(业界和教育工作者一致认为，世界需要创造力。人们对这个领域很感兴趣，很多人在敦促，但很少有行动。每个人都有点害怕下一步该做什么。在创造力和想象力的问题上，他们大多是缺乏创造力和想象力的)”可知，虽然人们明白创造力的重要性，可是却没有做多少来拥有创造力。故选C。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Educators seek artificial ways to change imaginative activity into problem-solving models that end up compromising the very creativity they celebrate. Creativity is often reduced to problem-solving. To be exact, you need imagination to solve many problems and creativity is part of what it takes. But problem-solving is far from the whole of creativity; and if you only focus creative thinking on problems and solutions, you will fall into a trap.(教育工作者寻求人为的方法，将富有想象力的活动转变为解决问题的模式，最终损害了他们所颂扬的创造力。创造力往往被简化为解决问题。准确地说，你需要想象力来解决许多问题，而创造力是解决问题所需要的一部分。但解决问题远不是创造力的全部；如果你只把创造性思维集中在问题和解决方案上，你就会陷入一个陷阱)”可推知，作者对于教育者将创造力转变为解决问题的模式非常反对，作者认为这样的教育方式最终损害了教育者所颂扬的创造力。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For teaching purposes, problems are an anxious place to cultivate creativity. If you think of anyone coming up with an idea — a new song, a dance step or a joke, it isn’t necessarily about a problem but rather an opportunity for the mind to exercise its independence. This is the purpose behind the theory of scholars now called “Big C Creativity”, which is the breakthrough kind of thinking that benefits culture or science, such as Mozart’s Alla Turca and Einstein’s theory of relativity.(从教学的角度来说，问题是培养创造力的好地方。如果你想到有人想出了一个主意——一首新歌、一个舞步或一个笑话，它不一定是关于一个问题，而是一个让大脑锻炼其独立性的机会。这就是学者们所谓的“大C创造力”理论背后的目的，这是一种有利于文化或科学的突破性思维，比如莫扎特的《土耳其进行曲》和爱因斯坦的相对论。)”可知，所谓的“大C创造力”指的是思维或科学的突破。由此推知，四个选项中的选项B“Tom makes a discovery in the Biology field.(汤姆在生物学领域有了新发现)”指的是在科学领域的新发现。故选B。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It might be indeed impossible to teach creativity but the least we can do for our students is to make school a safe place for imagination. My viewpoint is that learning outcomes are only good for uncreative study. For education to cultivate creativity and imagination, we need to stop asking students anxiously to follow demonstrable(可论证的) proofs learning which cause a burden to students’ imagination.(教授创造力可能是不可能的，但我们至少可以为学生做的是让学校成为一个想象的安全场所。我的观点是，学习成果只对非创造性的学习有好处。为了培养创造力和想象力，我们需要停止要求学生焦虑地遵循可论证的学习方法，这对学生的想象力造成了负担)”可知，作者认为如果想要培养学生的创造力，教师可以鼓励学生摆脱固定的学习方法。故选A。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Educators seek artificial ways to change imaginative activity into problem-solving models that end up compromising the very creativity they celebrate. Creativity is often reduced to problem-solving. To be exact, you need imagination to solve many problems and creativity is part of what it takes. But problem-solving is far from the whole of creativity; and if you only focus creative thinking on problems and solutions, you will fall into a trap.(教育工作者寻求人为的方法，将富有想象力的活动转变为解决问题的模式，最终损害了他们所颂扬的创造力。创造力往往被简化为解决问题。准确地说，你需要想象力来解决许多问题，而创造力是解决问题所需要的一部分。但解决问题远不是创造力的全部；如果你只把创造性思维集中在问题和解决方案上，你就会陷入一个陷阱)”可知，作者认为教育工作者目前的教学方法并不能培养创造力；而根据倒数第二段“Our contemporary education systematically damages creativity and unintentionally punishes students for exercising their imagination. Schools use grades to evaluate students, which is a passive attack to the imagination.(我们的当代教育系统地损害了创造力，无意中惩罚了学生发挥想象力的行为。学校用分数来评价学生，这是对想象力的被动攻击)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要分析了创造力不能教授的原因。由此可知，“Why is it impossible to teach creativity?(为什么不可能教授创造力？)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷(共35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。
My neighbor Josie was a good cook and college professor. We have been good friends for many years. Each early morning, Josie would invite me to join her in walking and she would make breakfast for me as a reward!
Josie planted a lovely garden. Every flower and vegetable made its debut (首秀) once a year. There were so many kinds that I could not even recognize what was growing, and we had the freshest salads in the neighborhood all summer long!
Each evening, Josie and I would sit in front of the garden. We would have a chat, exchanging our world views as well as funny jokes. However, one evening, Josie was a “no-show”. Then I heard the ambulance and saw her husband and children running outside. Josie suffered a stroke (中风).
Later, when I set eyes on her, she was in a wheelchair, covered in a thick blanket. She looked smaller and older than before. But how she chose to face it made me surprised. During the days when Josie had some strength, her husband wheeled her into the living room, and they watched old movies together. She called it “date time”. And during the most special days when Josie was doing well, her husband took her for a walk outside in her wheelchair. She called it “going on vacation”. Despite the fact that Josie was not expected to make a full recovery, they continued to watch movies and took lots of mini-vacations.
She is grateful for listening to her grandchildren telling stories to her, smelling a summer barbecue, sharing a laugh with her favorite neighbor, and being here for another day. I am thankful for her simple life lesson: Find the positive, and you will find your reason to live.
56. What was Josie like before she suffered a stroke? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
57. How was Josie’s skill in gardening? (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
58. How can we understand the underlined part in Paragraph 3? (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
59. What made the author surprised after Josie suffered the stroke? (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
60. How does Josie’s story inspire you? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. She was active and enthusiastic about life.##She was an active and enthusiastic person.
57. Excellent.##Great.
58. Josie didn’t appear.##Josie didn’t come.
59. That Joise chose to face her life positively.
60. We should be positive and always see the bright side of life when things are bad.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的邻居Josie是一个积极的、充满热情的人，喜欢散步，善于烹饪，园艺技术高超，乐于分享和沟通，一次中风后Josie再也无法完全恢复了，但是她依旧抱有热情，乐观地对待生活，作者从她身上学到了很多。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Each early morning, Josie would invite me to join her in walking and she would make breakfast for me as a reward!（每天清晨，Josie都会邀请我和她一起散步，她会为我做早餐作为奖励！）”、第二段中“Josie planted a lovely garden.（Josie种了一个漂亮的花园。）”和第三段中“We would have a chat, exchanging our world views as well as funny jokes.（我们会聊天，交流我们的世界观以及有趣的笑话。）”可知，中风以前的Josie喜欢散步，善于烹饪，园艺技术高超，乐于分享和沟通。由此推知，她对生活的态度是积极的、富有热情的，或者说她是个积极而富有热情的人。故答案为She was active and enthusiastic about life./She was an active and enthusiastic person.。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Josie planted a lovely garden. Every flower and vegetable made its debut (首秀) once a year. There were so many kinds that I could not even recognize what was growing, and we had the freshest salads in the neighborhood all summer long!（Josie种了一个漂亮的花园。每一种花和蔬菜每年都有一次首次亮相。蔬菜的种类太多了，我甚至都不知道是什么在长。整个夏天，我们吃的沙拉都是附近最新鲜的！）”可知，Josie的花园非常美丽，鲜花和蔬菜种类丰富，非常新鲜。由此推知，她的园艺技术非常棒。故答案为Excellent./Great.。
【58题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线句下文“Then I heard the ambulance and saw her husband and children running outside. Josie suffered a stroke (中风).（然后我听到救护车的声音，看到她的丈夫和孩子们跑到外面。Josie中风了。）”可知，那一晚Josie中风了，被送去抢救，所以没有出现。故答案为Josie didn’t appear./Josie didn’t come.。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite the fact that Josie was not expected to make a full recovery, they continued to watch movies and took lots of mini-vacations.（尽管Josie预计不会完全康复，但他们继续看电影，并度过了许多迷你假期。）”可知，面对生活的不幸，Josie并没有悲观失望，而是积极地面对，用热情、充满希望的方式去度过生活。由此推知，令作者感到惊讶的是Josie选择积极地面对生活。故答案为That Joise chose to face her life positively.。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，Josie是一个积极的、充满热情的人，喜欢散步，善于烹饪，园艺技术高超，乐于分享和沟通，即使是中风后Josie再也无法完全恢复了，她依旧抱有热情，乐观地对待生活。她这样积极对待生活的态度，和面对不顺依旧乐观的精神启发着读者。故答案为We should be positive and always see the bright side of life when things are bad.。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，最近学校拟开展一个为期21天的个人挑战活动，旨在帮助学生发现自身不足，提升自我。请你为学校广播站写一篇广播稿，宣传此次活动，内容包括：
1.举办该活动目的；
2.列举参加此次活动的益处；
3.鼓励同学们踊跃报名。
注意：
1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.词数100左右
提示：21天个人挑战 21-Day Challenge
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 21-Day Challenge
Hello, everyone! Our Student Union plans to launch an initiative called “21-Day Challenge”. It aims to help us students spot our weaknesses and improve ourselves.
Senior high school is like a path leading to a promising future of students and also a world full of challenges. We should have a positive mind to rise to the challenges because opportunity lies in each of them. We will acquire great knowledge and experience personal growth. Most importantly, the time and effort will open the door to our potential, which is a natural ability that can be developed when we try hard enough.
I hope all of you are willing to participate in this activity and realize your dream in the near future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为学校广播站写一篇广播稿，宣传学校拟开展的一个为期21天的个人挑战活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
启动：launch→initiate
发现：spot→discover
在于：lie in→consist in
参加：participate in→take part in
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Our Student Union plans to launch an initiative called “21-Day Challenge”. It aims to help us students spot our weaknesses and improve ourselves.
拓展句：Our Student Union plans to launch an initiative called “21-Day Challenge”, which aims to help us students spot our weaknesses and improve ourselves.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We should have a positive mind to rise to the challenges because opportunity lies in each of them. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Most importantly, the time and effort will open the door to our potential, which is a natural ability that can be developed when we try hard enough. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，that引导的限制性定语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)