四川省仁寿第一中学校北校区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省仁寿第一中学校北校区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期12月月考试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

仁寿一中北校区高二上学期十二月月考
英语测试
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where did Masaccio come from?
A. France. B. Italy. C. Spain.
2. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The woman's sister. B.A birthday party. C.A picture.
3. How long did it take the woman to make the doll?
A.100 minutes B.80 minutes. C.120 minutes.
4. Which course does the woman enjoy best?
A. Art history B. Chemistry. C. Physics.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. On a plane. B. In a taxi. C. On a train.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What's the relationship between the man and the woman?
A. Husband and wife B. Colleagues. C. Neighbors.
7. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A traffic accident. B.A house fire. C. A natural disaster.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the matter with the oven?
A. It can't get hot. B. It can't be turned on. C. It can't be turned off.
9. What does the man offer to do with the oven?
A. Change it for a new one.
B. Try to fix it himself first
C. Take it to the repair shop.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How far is it from the man’s village to the nearest big city?
A. 50 kilometers. B. 5 kilometers. C. 2 kilometers.
11. What do people in the man's village do on Sundays?
A. They visit the neighboring villages
B. They shop downtown.
C. They go to a huge market.
12. What is the most popular part in the man's hometown?
A. The beach.
B. The local products.
C. The surrounding countryside.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What did the man think of watching the news on TV in the past?
A. Interesting. B. Unusual. C. Boring.
14. How does the woman usually get the news?
A. On TV. B. On the radio. C. On the Internet.
15. Why docs the man feel upset when he watches the news on TV?
A. There are many advertisements.
B. There is too much bad news.
C There is some false news.
16. Why does the man like watching the news online?
A. He can find everything he wants to know.
B. He can use the Internet at every cafe.
C. He can get the latest news.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. A reporter. B. A headmaster. C. A student,
18. When did the school move to Aberdeen?
A. In 1930. B. In 1960. C. In 1990.
19. What did the school build last year?
A. Two chemistry labs. B. Two physics labs. C. A biology lab.
20. What is the school aimed at?
A. Offering the children best education.
B. Becoming the most famous secondary school.
C. Making its students enjoy many after-class activities.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Thanks to the vast territory and huge population of China, different living habits with geographical features have been an ever-lasting topic among Chinese. Netizens (网民) went wild again as they recently discovered another striking difference in the ways the country’s northerners and southerners shop for food.
According to netizens from southern China, they usually buy what they need for just one or two meals. “It is quite normal for us to buy one or half of a Chinese cabbage (大白菜) at a time,” said a netizen. However, one may be looked down upon if he does this in the north. “We love to store up on food. Buying 25 kilograms of Chinese cabbage is normal,” said a netizen from the north.
Besides, in the south, it is said that winter melon (冬瓜) is always sold in slices, “One slice is enough for two meals!” one said. While in the north, it is simply not possible. “Of course we buy a whole one, otherwise nobody is willing to buy the other half,” said a northern Chinese.
Experts say that the difference is due to the varied climate. Food can be stored for a relatively long time in the north as it is usually cold and dry there. However, the comparatively hot and humid weather in the south forces southern Chinese to buy just enough for one meal or one day, otherwise it might go bad.
Besides obvious ways of food shopping, other north-south differences in China include the flavor of tofu (豆腐) (northerners prefer a salty taste while southerners like it sweet), and the way to give directions (northerners prefer say “go east/west,” but southerners usually say “go left/right”).
1. In what case is a buyer looked down upon by a northerner?
A. When he buys a whole winter melon.
B. When he buys too small an amount of food.
C. When he buys a bag of a Chinese cabbage at a time.
D. When he buys food just enough for one or two persons.
2. Why do experts think there is much difference in how much food to buy between northerners and southerners?
A. Due to different habits. B. Due to different customs.
C. Due to different climates. D. Due to different characters.
3. How do southerners prefer tofu?
A. They prefer it to taste sweet.
B. They prefer to have it taste salty.
C. They prefer it much more than northerners.
D. They prefer to have it more often to keep healthy.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了在中国的北方人与南方人在购买食品时的不同文化，以及导致这种不同的原因。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“According to netizens from southern China, they usually buy what they need for just one or two meals. “It is quite normal for us to buy one or half of a Chinese cabbage (大白菜) at a time,” said a netizen. However, one may be looked down upon if he does this in the north”（据中国南方的网友称，他们通常只买一两顿饭所需的食物。一位网友表示:“我们一次买一颗或半颗大白菜是很正常的。”然而，如果他在北方这样做，可能会被人看不起）可知：B项“当购买食品量十分少时，买主会被北方人看不起”正确。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Experts say that the difference is due to the varied climate”（专家表示，这种差异是由于气候的变化）可知：C项“由于不同气候的原因”正确，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“northerners prefer a salty taste while southerners like it sweet”（北方人喜欢吃咸的，而南方人喜欢吃甜的）可知：A项“南方人喜欢吃甜豆腐”正确，故选A。
B
It must have been a very clever human who looked at a sheep walking past and thought of the use its wool might have!
The oldest surviving textile (纺织品)made out of wool is around 3,500 years old. Wool was probably the first fiber to be woven into textiles. Because when humans stopped hunting and started raising animals, it was their first step from a wild life to a civilized one. Sheep became a convenience store for the new lifestyle of our ancestor during the Stone Age, a walking food supply that required little care. Sheep provided all — meat and milk for food, skin and bones for clothing, shelters and tools.
Some sheep were suitable to roast while others were to produce wool, as sheep fit for eating do not necessarily have high-quality wool. Early wild species of sheep had long outer hair protecting their short wool undercoats. It was this underlayer that was highly suitable for textile use, so they were selectively bred into modern sheep.
Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool. Around 1800 BC, the civilization of Babylonia was famous for its wool. After the Romans conquered Spain, they developed a new breed (品种)that would come to be known as Spanish Merino, with the whitest, finest wool ever known. Today, the Merino is the most highly regarded breed in the world.
The Chinese held onto the secret of silk for thousands of years before Europeans even got an idea about how to put two threads together. With wool, they seem to have got their revenge.
4. What do we know about raising sheep in the Stone Age?
A. People made great efforts to raise sheep.
B. People exchanged sheep for what they needed.
C. Sheep led to the boom of ancient society.
D. Sheep met many basic needs of ancient people.
5. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Economic value of sheep.
B. Features of sheep breeds.
C. Choice of suitable sheep breeds.
D. Development of the wool industry.
6. What are Babylonia and the Romans mentioned to prove?
A. The wisdom of ancient people.
B. The aggression of ancient nations.
C. The link between their rise and wool.
D. The greatness of well-organized ancient society.
7. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A. They lost their advantage of something.
B. They won and got rid of the shame of failure.
C. They did something harmful to their opponent.
D. They were taking pains to catch up with others.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了纺织品原料——羊毛的相关信息。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sheep became a convenience store for the new lifestyle of our ancestor during the Stone Age, a walking food supply that required little care. Sheep provided all — meat and milk for food, skin and bones for clothing, shelters and tools”（在石器时代，羊成了我们祖先新生活方式的便利商店，一种无需照料的步行食物。羊提供所有的肉和奶作为食物，皮和骨头作为衣服，住所和工具）可知,羊的肉和奶可作为食物，皮可作为衣服和遮蔽物，而骨头可用于制作各种工具，即羊满足了古人的许多基本需求，故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容“Some sheep were suitable to roast while others were to produce wool, as sheep fit for eating do not necessarily have high-quality wool. Early wild species of sheep had long outer hair protecting their short wool undercoats. It was this underlayer that was highly suitable for textile use, so they were selectively bred into modern sheep.”（一些羊适合烤，而另一些羊则适合生产羊毛，因为适合食用的羊不一定有高质量的羊毛。早期的野生绵羊有长长的外毛保护它们的短羊毛内层。正是这种绒毛非常适合用于纺织，所以它们被选择性地培育成现代绵羊。）可知，本段主要介绍了不是所有的羊都适合用于羊毛编织，故人们选择了合适的品种饲养。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool”可知，一些实力强大的帝国是建立在羊背和羊毛上的，紧接着就列举了巴比伦王国和罗马人的例子，故可判断出，作者说到巴比伦王国和罗马人是为了说明他们的崛起和羊毛之间是有联系的。故选C。

【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的第一句“The Chinese held onto the secret of silk for thousands of years before Europeans even got an idea about how to put two threads together”（在欧洲人知道如何把两条线连在一起之前，中国人就掌握了丝绸的秘密几千年了）可知中国人在掌握了如何制作丝绸的秘诀数千年之后，欧洲人才知道如何把蚕丝缠绕在一起变为一根。结合上文中提到西方国家在羊毛利用方面的领先情况可以推断出，画线部分意思应为他们似乎扳回一局，即羊毛纺织让欧洲人得以“一雪前耻”。revenge意为“报仇，复仇，雪耻”。故选B。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第3小题，根据倒数第二段中的"Great empires were built on the backs of sheep and their wool"可知，一些实力强大的帝国是建立在羊背和羊毛上的，紧接着就列举了巴比伦王国和罗马人的例子，故可判断出，作者说到巴比伦王国和罗马人是为了说明他们的崛起和羊毛之间是有联系的。故选C。
C
Do you ever pull your phone out of your pocket, thinking it is vibrating (振动), only to find that it isn't?
This phenomenon, which scientists call “phantom (幻觉的) phone vibration”, is very common.Around 80% of people surveyed say they have imagined their phones vibrating when they were actually still.
So what leads to this universal behavior? According to the BBC, the explanation lies in your brain's ability to discover signals from the outside world.
When your phone is in your pocket, there are two possible states: It is either vibrating or not. Meanwhile, you also have two possible states of mind: the judgment that the phone is ⅵbrating, or that it isn't. Ideally, you match the four states correctly. However, sometimes your brain decides that the consequences of missing a call are more serious than a “false alarm”. Therefore, you become more sensitive to vibrations so that you don't miss anything.
This is just like the fire alarm in your home—it can be annoying when it goes off in response to just a tiny bit of smoke. But that's a small price to pay compared to a fire really breaking out because the alarm fails to alert you. Now, you might still ask, why can't our brains just make every judgment correctly without being too sensitive to false signals? The answer is that your brain bears a heavy burden every day. “You get a large amount of sensory information that's coining from your eyes, ears and skin, and you can't deal with all that information all the time,” Michael Rothberg, a researcher at Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, US, told Live Science.
For example, the rustling (沙沙声) of clothing or the growling (咕咕声you’re your stomach may both lead your brain to believe that they come from the vibration of your phone—it is like trying to hear your name being called in a noisy room.
So, perhaps you should just check your phone whenever you think it’s vibrating, lt isn’t too much trouble to do that, is it?
8. According to this passage, phantom phone vibration ________.
A. is common among people with mental problems
B. happens when our brains react too sensitively
C. can measure people's ability to collect information
D. helps our brains to make decisions quickly and accurately
9. Why did the author use the example of fire alarm in this passage?
A. To help us understand the cause of phantom phone vibration better.
B. To tell us the phone vibration usually happens when a fire breaks out.
C. To show us the fire alarm is as sensitive as the phone vibration.
D. To convince us it’s important to check our phones like checking a fire alarm.
10. According to Michael Rothberg, which mainly accounts for phantom phone vibration?
A. A lack of much attention. B. A noisy background.
C. An overflow of sensory information. D. A heavy burden every day.
11. What does the author suggest we do about phantom phone vibration?
A. We should always fully believe our own sense of hearing.
B. We should just check our phones when we think they're vibrating.
C. We should ignore the vibration bothering when our phones are actually still.
D. We should think of the vibration carefully before we make correct judgments.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了人们产生手机振动的幻觉的原因，并给出了解决办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However，sometimes your brain decides that the results of missing a call are more serious than a “false alarm"．Therefore，you become more sensitive（敏感的） to vibrations so that you don’t miss anything．（然而，有时你的大脑会认为错过一个电话的后果比“误报”更严重。所以，你对振动变得更加敏感，因此你不会错过任何事情）”可知，当我们的大脑对错误的信号做出敏感的反应时，电话振动幻觉就会发生。故选B项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“This is just like the fire alarm in your home—it can be annoying when it goes off in response to just a tiny bit of smoke.（这就像你家里的火警一样，一点点烟雾就会响，很烦人）”this指的电话振动幻觉，由此可推知，这个例子是为帮助我们更好地了解手机振动幻觉的原因。故选择A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The answer is that your brain bears a heavy burden every day．You get a large amount of sensory(感觉的) information that’s coming from your eyes，ears and skin，and you can’t deal with all that information all the time，（答案是你的大脑每天都承受着沉重的负担。你的眼睛、耳朵和皮肤会产生大量的感觉信息，你不可能一直处理所有这些信息）”可知，每天脑袋接受信息和处理信息的负荷很重，这是产生手机振动幻觉的主要原因。此题易误选D，D表达的是生活压力大。故选择C项。
11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“So，perhaps you should just check your phone whenever you think it's vibrating．（所以，当你认为手机在振动的时候也许你应该检查你的手机）”可知，当我们感觉手机在振动时，我们应该检查我们的手机。故选择B项。
D
The San Bernardino Valley is an oasis of life. Research by entomologist Bob Minckley shows that this area has the highest concentration of bee species in the world.
Minckley collected bees at 45 sites throughout the valley from 2001 to 2009. In a recent paper Minckley stated that 497 species of bees live within just over 6 square miles of the valley, a modest area for such a study, 10 times smaller than Washington D.C. These 497 species represent 14 percent of all the nearly 4,000 bee species found in the United States.
Minckley hopes his work will help people appreciate the importance of the San Bernardino region and the vast diversity of bee species on Earth. Laurence Packer, an entomologist at York University, says that this research helps reveal where the greatest species richness of bees occurs, which is important for understanding patterns of bee diversity and what drives it. “Such long-term studies, which are relatively rare, are necessary to acquire a good understanding of an area’s diversity, especially in dry places where rainfall varies,” he adds.
One reason for this bee diversity is that the valley lies at a place where vast, abundant biomes（生物群系）live together. Perhaps counterintuitively（违反常理地）, bee diversity is low in the tropics, where plant diversity is the highest. Dry but ecologically diverse areas such as the San Bernardino Valley seem to have the right mixture of variables to ensure high bee diversity.
This hot spot of bee diversity faces several threats. In 2020, the government built 30-foot-high steel fencing along the entire border of the San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge. The most ecologically damaging aspect caused by the wall’s construction may be the massive quantities of water withdrawn from the place’s aquifer（含水层）to make concrete for the base of the wall. If the lowered levels of water affect plants, then it could potentially hurt the bees as well. For the bees, the drying up of springs will have an impact especially on those species that rely on spring-fed habitats.
12. What is Bob Minckley’s statement about the number of bee species based on?
A. Public opinions. B. Personally collected statistics.
C. Studies by former scientists. D. Journals about nature.
13. What is Laurence Packer’s attitude to Minckley’s research?
A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Disapproving.
14. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?
A. Features of regions with abundant species.
B. Threats to the survival of bees in dry areas.
C. The effect of plant diversity on the ecological environment.
D. The reason for the high concentration of bee species in the valley.
15. How would the construction of the border wall affect bee species?
A. It will lead to severe water pollution.
B. It will cause the aquifer levels to drop.
C. It will destroy flowers around the border wall.
D. It will occupy a large area of bees’ habitats.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昆虫学家鲍勃·明克利研究表明，圣贝纳迪诺山谷是世界上蜜蜂物种最集中的地区。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Minckley collected bees at 45 sites throughout the valley from 2001 to 2009.(从2001年到2009年，明克利在整个山谷的45个地点收集了蜜蜂。)”可知，鲍勃·明克利关于蜜蜂种类数量的陈述是基于个人收集的数据。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Laurence Packer, an entomologist at York University, says that this research helps reveal where the greatest species richness of bees occurs, which is important for understanding patterns of bee diversity and what drives it.(约克大学的昆虫学家劳伦斯·帕克说，这项研究有助于揭示蜜蜂物种最丰富的地方，这对于理解蜜蜂多样性的模式及其驱动因素非常重要。)”可知，劳伦斯·帕克对明克利的研究持支持态度。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“One reason for this bee diversity is that the valley lies at a place where vast, abundant biomes（生物群系）live together.(蜜蜂如此多样化的一个原因是，这个山谷位于一个巨大而丰富的生物群落共同生活的地方)”可知，作者想在第4段告诉我们山谷中蜜蜂种类高度集中的原因。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The most ecologically damaging aspect caused by the wall’s construction may be the massive quantities of water withdrawn from the place’s aquifer（含水层）to make concrete for the base of the wall.If the lowered levels of water affect plants, then it could potentially hurt the bees as well.(修建隔离墙造成的最具生态破坏性的方面可能是从该地的含水层中抽取大量的水来制作隔离墙底部的混凝土。如果低水位的水影响植物，那么它可能也会伤害蜜蜂。)”可知，边境墙的建设将导致含水层水位下降而影响蜜蜂。故选B项。
第二节 七选五 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every morning is a struggle. ___16___ But did you know that drinking water can make you more energetic and productive?
It helps to balance your nervous system. Drinking water on empty stomach especially if it’s hot can improve the health of your nervous system. ___17___ At this moment, if you just have a glass of warm water, it can properly offer water to your nervous system， which will help it function properly.
It prevents mild headaches. ___18___ So just by increasing your water intake，you are basically preventing your chances from suffering from them.
___19___ Water can help release bacteria and other harmful elements from your system. This, in turn，can help your body fight the effects of certain chemicals which can cause your looking older. Furthermore，your skin will feel refreshed, which can help it maintain a flexible appearance.
It improves your appetite（胃口）. Early in the morning, with your stomach totally empty，it is natural you will feel hungry. So another benefit of drinking water is preparing you to have the most important meal of the day—breakfast. ___20___
So now you know the benefits of drinking water on empty stomach. Just add a glass of warm or hot water to your schedule after you wake up and see all the health benefits it will bring to your life.
A. It prevents body aging.
B. It promotes mental fitness.
C. Early morning, the stomach is most thirsty.
D. We think that a cup of coffee would make things right
E. The importance of drinking water can’t be emphasized too much.
F. Besides, having a healthy desire for food is good for overall health.
G. Doctors say they result from the removal of water among various reasons.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者说明了早上起床，喝一杯水的诸多好处。
【16题详解】
下文But did you know that drinking water can make you more energetic and productive?说但是你知道喝水可以让你更有活力和富有成效吗?该空引出下文，D选项“我们认为一杯咖啡会使事情好转”切题，故选D。
【17题详解】
下文At this moment, if you just have a glass of warm water, it can properly offer water to your nervous system， which will help it function properly.说此时此刻,如果你只喝一杯温水,它能适当地为你的神经系统提供水，这将有助于它正常工作。该空引出下文，C选项“清晨，胃最渴。”切题，故选C。
【18题详解】
标题It prevents mild headaches.说它可以预防轻微的头痛。下文So just by increasing your water intake，you are basically preventing your chances from suffering from them.说通过增加水的摄入量，你基本上阻止了轻微头痛的发病机会。该空承上启下，G选项“医生说它们是由各种原因的缺水导致”切题，故选G。
【19题详解】
下文Water can help release bacteria and other harmful elements from your system. This, in turn，can help your body fight the effects of certain chemicals which can cause your looking older.说水可以帮助从你的系统释放细菌和其他有害元素。反过来，这可以帮助你的身体对抗某些使人变老的化学物质影响。该空引出下文，A选项“它可以防止身体老化。”切题，故选A。
【20题详解】
上文So another benefit of drinking water is preparing you to have the most important meal of the day—breakfast.说因此，喝水的另一个好处是为你准备一天中最重要的一餐——早餐。该空承接上文，F选项“此外，对食物有一个健康的渴望对整体健康有好处。”切题，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After moving into my mother’s home to look after her following an illness, I found myself thinking about my ___21___. It was clear that I ___22___ to find something that would help me ___23___ the house more often.
I found my ___24___ while standing in line at the store checkout one sunny spring day. Red words on the cover of a magazine caught my ___25___, “Walk Off Weight!”
After ___26___ about the advantages of walking, I knew I had found the perfect____27____that would not only make me spend more time outdoors, but would also help me keep___28___.
I didn’t start walking four miles right away; I began____29____.After a few weeks, I____30____from walking two miles every day to between four and six miles every day, My____31____increased from about three miles per hour to over four.
It wasn’t long before I began to notice the many____32____in both my physical and emotional health.
I lost____33____.The extra fat I’d been carrying around my stomach disappeared My body was____34____up and became more shape. Even my back pain had____35____!
The advantages to my emotional health were also great. My spirits lifted with each passing day I could hardly____36____to get up each morning. With more self-confidence, I also found myself to be more sociable and that I began to____37____meeting new people.
____38____for my mother became less of a tiring task. Feeling____39____ 1 was able to look after her with great enthusiasm. I____40____her to try to become as healthy and as happy as I felt.
21. A. health B. work C. dream D. plan
22. A. failed B. refused C. needed D. forgot
23. A. live in B. get out of C. move into D. keep away from
24. A. purpose B. hobby C. job D. answer
25. A. eye B. arm C. hand D. leg
26. A. Hearing B. reading C. talking D. writing
27. A. advice B. behavior C. thought D. activity
28. A. quiet B. safe C. fit D. busy
29. A. quickly B. suddenly C. slowly D. finally
30. A. left B. progressed C. followed D. ended
31. A. time B. size C. age D. speed
32. A. changes B. chances C. problems D. differences
33. A. interest B. touch C. weight D. heart
34. A. held B. built C. given D. brought
35. A. increased B. gone C. returned D. appeared
36. A. stop B. manage C. promise D. wait
37. A. enjoy B. avoid C. regret D. remember
38. A. Caring B. Working C. Searching D. Waiting
39. A. lonely B. proud C. worried D. lively
40. A. required B. forced C. encouraged D. allowed
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. A 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。作者在照顾生病的母亲时开始关注自己的健康。偶然了解散步的好处后，作者开始坚持散步，不久就发现自己的身体和情绪方面有了很大的变化。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在母亲生病后，我搬到她家里照顾她，我发现自己在为自己的健康着想。A. health健康；B. work工作；C. dream梦想；D. plan计划。根据本句中的“look after her following an illness”以及下文的描述可知，我发现我开始关注自己的健康。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，我需要找到一种能帮助我更经常地走出家门的东西。A. failed失败；B. refused拒绝；C.needed需要；D. forgot忘记。根据上文中的“I found myself thinking about”以及下文中的“make me spend more time outdoors”可知，我需要找一些能帮助我走出房间的事情来做。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意同上。A. live in住在；B. get out of走出；C. move into搬到；D. keep away from远离，回避。根据下文中的“make me spend more time outdoors”可知，我需要找一些能帮助我走出房间的事情来做。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个阳光明媚的春日，我在商店收银台排队时找到了答案。A. purpose目的；B. hobby爱好，解决办法；C. job工作；D. answer答案。根据上文中的“to find something ... the house more often”以及下文中的“Walk Off Weight”可知，我找到了答案。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一本杂志封面上的红字引起了我的注意，“散步减肥！”A. eye眼睛；B. arm胳膊；C. hand手；D. leg腿 。根据上文中的“standing in line at the store checkout one sunny spring day”以及本句中的“Walk Off Weight”可知，一本杂志封面上红色的字吸引了我的注意。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在阅读了关于散步的好处之后，我知道我已经找到了一种完美的活动，它不仅能让我花更多的时间在户外，而且还能帮助我保持健康。A. hearing听说；B. reading 阅读；C. talking谈论；D. writing写。根据第二段以及下文的描述可知，读了散步的种种好处。我明白我找到了一项不仅能让自己多待在户外而且能帮助我保持健康的最佳活动。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在阅读了关于散步的好处之后，我知道我已经找到了一种完美的活动，它不仅能让我花更多的时间在户外，而且还能帮助我保持健康。A. advice建议；B. behavior行为；C. thought思想；D. activity活动。根据语境和常识可知，散步是一种保持健康的日常活动。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在阅读了关于散步的好处之后，我知道我已经找到了一种完美的活动，它不仅能让我花更多的时间在户外，而且还能帮助我保持健康。A. quiet安静的；B. safe安全的；C. fit健康的；D. busy忙的。通过分析句子并翻译语境可知，此处指keep fit “保持健康”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我并没有马上开始步行四英里；我慢慢地开始。A. quickly快速地；B. suddenly突然；C. slowly慢地；D. finally最后。根据上文中的“I didn’t start walking four miles right away”可知，我慢慢地开始。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我从每天步行两英里发展到每天步行四到六英里。A. left离开；B. progressed发展；C. followed跟随；D. ended结束。根据上文中的“I didn’t start walking four miles right away”及下文“from walking two miles every day to between four and six miles every day”可知，我从每天步行两英里发展到每天四到六英里。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的速度从大约每小时三英里增加到超过每小时四英里。A. time时间；B. size大小，尺寸；C. age年龄；D. speed速度。根据本句中的“three miles per hour to over four”可知，此处指的是我的步行速度。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我开始注意到我身体和心理健康有了许多变化。A. changes变化；B. chances机会；C. problems问题；D. differences不同。根据下文几段的描述可知，不久我开始注意到自己在身体和心理健康有了许多变化。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我瘦了。A. interest兴趣；B. touch触摸；C. weight重量；D. heart心。根据下文中的“The extra fat I’d been carrying around my stomach disappeared”可知，我体重减轻了。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我的身体强健了，变得更有型了。A. held up举起；B. built up增进，加强；C. given up放弃；D. brought up抚养。结合语境可知，我开始散步不久，就发现自己的身体有了积极的变化。因此，此处表示我的体质增强了。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至我的背痛也消失了！A. increased增加；B. gone走，不复存在；C. returned返回；D. appeared出现。结合语境可知，我的体质增强了，背部疼痛也消失了，这都是坚持散步给我的身体带来的积极变化。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早晨我都迫不及待地起床。A. stop停止；B. manage控制，设法；C. promise许诺 ；D. wait等待。根据上文中的“The advantages to my emotional health were also great. My spirits lifted with each passing day.”可知，我每天早上迫不及待地起床。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我也发现自己变得更善于交际，我开始享受结识新朋友的乐趣。A. enjoy喜欢；B. avoid避免；C. regret后悔；D. remember记得。根据“With more ... be more sociable”可知，我开始喜欢结识新朋友。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：照顾母亲不再那么累了。A. Caring for照顾；B. Working for为……工作；C. Searching for搜寻；D. Waiting for等待。根据第一段中的“After moving into my mother’s home to look after her following an illness”以及最后一段中的“I was able to look after her with great enthusiasm”可知，照顾母亲不再是一件累人的工作。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到精力充沛，能够以极大的热情照顾她。A. lonely寂寞的，偏僻的；B. proud自豪的；C. worried担心的；D. lively生气勃勃的, 精力充沛的。根据最后一段中的“I was able to look after her with great enthusiasm”可知，我感到精力充沛，因此能够以极大的热情照顾她。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我鼓励她努力变得像我一样健康和快乐。A. required要求；B. forced强迫；C. encouraged鼓励；D. allowed允许。根据第一段的描述可知，我母亲生病了，因此，我鼓励母亲努力变得像我一样健康快乐。故选C项。
【点睛】
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As you can see, many Chinese families drink tea after dinner or serve tea when ___41___ (greet) visitors. This is not only a healthy habit but also shows rich culture and history. In China, tea can be commonly seen as ___42___ sign of respect to the older generation. In the Chinese traditional wedding ceremony, ___43___ (express) their gratitude, both the bride and bridegroom kneel in front of their parents and serve them tea. People also make serious ___44___ (apologize) to others by presenting tea. These ___45___ (vary) tea customs make up the rich Chinese tea culture.
As for ___46___ (it) history, tea, originating from China, is consumed around the world now. About 2,000 years ago, tea ___47___ (introduce) in Chinese texts as a healthy drink that made people live longer. Additionally, both green and black tea are said to be useful to prevent cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases. The only thing ___48___ people should be aware of is that tea should not be drunk along ___49___ meals.
Today, tea is gaining popularity around the world. In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea together. The ceremony, usually hosted in a tea-house, ___50___ (date) from the 16th century.
【答案】41. greeting
42. a 43. to express
44. apologies
45. various
46. its 47. was introduced
48. that 49. with
50. dates
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国饮茶的习俗和历史由来。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：正如你可以看见的，许多中国家庭晚饭后会喝茶或者用茶招呼客人。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，主语和主句主语一致，表示“当他们在招待客人时”，故完整形式是when they are greeting visitors，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略。故填greeting。
【42题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：在中国，茶可以被看作是一种对长辈尊重的标志。sign标志，是可数名词，此处表示“一种……的标志”，表示泛指,首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：在中国传统婚礼上，为了表达他们的感谢，新郎和新娘都要跪在他们的父母面前敬茶。这里句子前后用逗号隔开且没有主语，所以这里是非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to express。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们还会以敬茶的方式向他人表示诚挚的歉意。此处应该填名词作宾语，apology道歉，可数名词，前面无限定词，故用复数形式。故填apologies。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些各式各样的茶道构成了丰富的中国茶文化。空处修饰名词，需要用形容词作定语，various各种各样的，形容词。故填various。
【46题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：至于它的历史，茶来源于中国，现在全世界都在消费茶叶。后面有名词history，此处应该用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【47题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：大约2000年前，茶作为一种可以延年益寿的健康饮品被引入中国的文字中。主语tea和动词introduce之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，时间发生在2000年前，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was。故填was introduced。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人们唯一应该注意的是，不应该在吃饭的时候喝茶。根据句式结构判断，后面从句部分修饰the only thing，所以此句是定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词被the only修饰时，关系词只能用that不能用which。故填that。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。along with表示“连同……一起”，固定搭配，故填with。
【50题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种仪式通常在茶馆举行，可以追溯到16世纪。date是谓语动词，根据上下文时态可知，此处用一般现在时，且主语The ceremony为单数，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式dates。故填dates。

第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last night I was having a shower in the bathroom at about 10:30 while the silence was broken by some unusual noises in outside. I quickly got dressing and ran out of the bathroom, only find a big fire on the third floor of our flat building. Luckily, most of the people, including my family, have left the building by the time the firefighters arrived. But a baby along with his parents were still trapped in a flat on a fourth floor. The firemen were true great. Some put out the fire but the others managed to rescue the parents and their baby. We are really grateful to the brave firefighters who risked their own lives to save ourselves.
【答案】1.while→when
2.去掉in
3.dressing→dressed
4.only后添加to
5.have→had
6.were→was
7. a→the
8. true→truly
9. but→and
10.ourselves→us
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者居住的公寓三楼着火，大多数人在消防员到达的时候已经离开了大楼，但一名婴儿和他的父母仍被困在四楼的公寓里。消防队员一些人把火扑灭，其他人设法营救父母和他们的孩子。作者非常感谢那些冒着生命危险的勇敢的消防员。
【详解】1.考查连词。句意：昨晚大约十点半的时候，我正在浴室里洗澡，突然外面的一些不寻常的声音打破了寂静。此处考查固定句型sb. be doing sth. when…表示“某人正在做某事，突然……”。故while改为when。
2.考查介词。句意同上。副词outside意为“在外面”，前面不需要介词。故去掉in。
3.考查形容词。句意：我迅速穿好衣服，跑出浴室，结果发现我们公寓的三层着火了。结合句意表示“穿好衣服”短语为get dressed。故dressing改为dressed。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。结合句意表示“结果发现……；不料竟会”应用only to do sth.，表示意想不到的结果。故only后添加to。
5.考查时态。句意：幸运的是，大多数人，包括我的家人，在消防员赶到的时候已经离开了大楼。结合后文by the time the firefighters arrived可知此处“离开”发生在“到达”之前，应用过去完成时。故have改为had。
6.考查主谓一致。句意：但一个婴儿和他的父母还被困在四楼的房子里。along with 连接前后两个主语时，谓语动词应和前面的主语保持一致，本句与a baby保持一致，谓语动词应用单数形式。故were改为was。
7.考查冠词。句意同上。四楼即“第四层”应用the fourth floor表达。故a改为the。
8.考查副词。句意：消防员真的很棒。修饰形容词great应用true的副词形式。故true改为truly。
9.考查连词。句意：一些人把火扑灭，另一些人设法救出父母和他们的孩子。结合上下文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。
10.考查代词。句意：我们非常感谢那些冒着生命危险救我们的勇敢的消防员。此处作宾语指“我们”应用人称代词宾格形式us。故ourselves改为us。
第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你校正在进行主题为“终身学习”的征文活动，请根据以下要点用英语写一篇文章投稿：
1. 终身学习的原因；2. 终身学习的方法。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Lifelong Learning
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【答案】 Lifelong Learning
In a rapidly changing world, it is of vital importance to remain lifelong learners. Why is lifelong learning important? First of all, science and technology are developing and new knowledge is constantly emerging. If we don’t study, we will be eliminated sooner or later. Secondly, through study we can realize our self-worth better and get more space for development.
Actually, there are many ways of lifelong learning. We can go to museums, through which we will have a better understanding of art and history. We can read books, through which we can gain a wide range of knowledge. We can even learn by playing a sport or taking a trip, as long as we are eager to learn.
In summary, we should never stop to learn, or we will be abandoned by the times.
【解析】
【导语】本文是开放性作文。要求考生写一篇主题为“终身学习”的文章。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：be of importance→important
首先：first of all→at first
出现：emerge→appear
实际上：actually→in fact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In a rapidly changing world, it is of vital importance to remain lifelong learners.
拓展句：Because we are in a rapidly changing world, it is of vital importance to remain lifelong learners.
【点睛】【高分句型1】If we don’t study, we will be eliminated sooner or later.（由If引导的条件状语从句）
【高分句型2】We can go to museums, through which we will have a better understanding of art and history.（由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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