牛津译林版英语小升初暑假衔接 专题6.音节划分+完形填空（原卷版+解析版）

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音节划分+完形填空



音标学习
音节划分
完形填空




音标学习
1. 音节概念：
（1）一个单词的音标中有几个元音音标就有几个音节。
（2）一个音节叫单音节，两个音节叫双音节，三个或三个以上的音节叫多音节。E.g. 单音节：/ə/ /zed/ /sit/ 双音节 /'i:zi/ /hə' ləʊ/ /'faɪə/
多音节/'bju:tɪfl/ /ɪntə'næʃ(ə)n(ə)l/
（3）/m/ /n/ /l/在后面没有元音音标的情况下也能和前面的辅音构成一个音节，叫做自成音节。
E.g. /l/: little /'lɪt(ə)l/ bottle /'bɒt(ə)l/ /n/: cotton /'kɒt(ə)n/ lesson /'les(ə)n/
/m/: socialism /'səʊʃəlɪz(ə)m/ symbolism /'sɪmbəlɪz(ə)m/
2. 音节的划分
（1）按单词音标划分（最简单但不全面）
① 单音节音标的划分多为：辅+元+辅 E.g. got /ɡɒt/ date /deɪt/
② 双音节和多音节的音标划分为：“辅+元”或“辅+元+辅”
E.g. better /'betə/ behind /bɪ'haɪnd/
（2）按单词字母划分（比较难但全面）
口诀：一靠后，二分手，多个中间偏左右。组合字母算一个，常见组合要遵守。
①一靠后：当两个元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时，一般把它划分给后面的音节当头。
E.g. ago→a/go /ə'ɡəʊ/→/ə/'ɡəʊ/ water→wa/ter /'wɔ:tə/→/'wɔ:/tə/
②二分手：当两个元音字母之间有两个辅音字母时，一般把他们分开，一边一个。
E.g. doctor→doc/tor /'dɒktə/→/'dɒk/tə/ number→num/ber /'nʌmbə/→/'nʌm/bə/
③多个中间偏左右：当两个元音字母中间，有三个以上的辅音字母时，中间的辅音字母要么划分给前面的音节当尾，要么划分给后面的音节当头。
E.g. improve →im/prove /ɪm'pru:v/ →/ɪm/'pru:v/
transport →tran/sport /træn'spɔ:t/→ /træn/'spɔ:t/
④组合字母算一个：指的是一些字母组合后固定发一个音（常见的是双元音和“双辅音”），在划分音节时一般被当成一个字母看待。
E.g. retry→re/try /riː'traɪ/→/riː/'traɪ/ other→o/ther /'ʌðə/→/'ʌ/ðə/
quickly→quick/ly /'kwɪklɪ/→/'kwɪk/lɪ/
⑤常见组合要遵守:英语里有一些字母常常组合在一起，但它们不像固定组合字母那样发一个音，而是各发各的音，如pr，pl，fr，cl，sp，st，sk，scr，gr等等，这类组合字母在划分音节时一般不拆开，把它们划分在一起，尊重它们的常见组合习惯。
E.g. present→pre/sent /preznt/→/pre/znt/ class →class /'klɑːs/ →/'klɑːs/
student →stu/dent /'stjuːd(ə)nt/→/'stjuː/d(ə)nt/ skirt →skirt /skɜːt/ →/skɜːt/
3. 其他语音知识——重音的读法
①重音：在单词的音标中，如果在某个音标前的上方见到“ ' ”这个符号，如/dɪ'beɪt/，这就是重音符号。这个符号指的是从其后的音节开始全部使用降调(接近汉语拼音第四声)，而在重音前的的音节，要使用升调(接近汉语拼音第一声)。如：/ri'traɪ/ /hə'ləʊ/ /bɪ'haɪnd/。
注：若无重音符号标注，则意味着从第一个音标开始就往下压声调
②次重音：在单词的音标中，如果在某个音标前的下方见到“ ˌ ”这个符号，如decode /ˌdiː'kəʊd/，这就是次重音符号。这个符号指的是从其后的音节开始全部使用升调(接近汉语拼音第一声)，直到遇到重音符号才开始降调（接近汉语拼音第四声），如：examination /ɪgˌzæmɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n/ congratulations /kənˌgrætjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)ns/。
4. 巩固练习
请给以下单词划分音节
pencil /'pensl/ afternoon /ˌɑ:ftə'nu:n/ window /'wɪndəu/
blackboard /'blækbɔ:d/ classroom /'klɑ:srum/ English /'ɪŋglɪʃ/
birthday /'bə:θdeɪ/ favourite /'feɪv(ə)rət/ sister /'sɪstə/
elephant /'elɪfənt/ breakfast /'brekfəst/ basketball /'bɑ:skɪtˌbɔ:l/
animal /'ænɪməl/ Christmas /'krɪsməs/ excuse /ɪks'kju:z/ festival /'festɪvl/

【完形填空】
一
Jack is fourteen years old.He thinks he is a young___1___,but his parents think he is still a boy.They say,"When you begin to think about ___2___ others,you will be a young man."
One morning,his parents give Jack some ___3___ to buy some milk at the store.He sees an old man there.The man looks very ___4___.Jack goes to him and asks,"Are you all right?"
The old man answers,"Yes,but I need something to ___5___."
"Then let's go to the restaurant,"says Jack.
When the waiter asks what they want, the old man says,"Just a glass of water."
"Do you want anything to eat?"asks the waiter.
The old man doesn't answer,and Jack asks him,"Have you had your ___6___?"
"No,I haven't had any food and I don't have any money,"___7___the old man.
The boy says to the waiter(服务员）,"My friend wants to have ___8___and coffee."
"I'm giving you too much trouble(麻烦）,"says the old man.
The old man eats ___9___what the waiter gives him."I'm fine now,"he says."I'll ___0___ forget your kindness!You are a good young man."
Jack is happy because the old man thinks he is a good man.

1.A.student B.child C.man D.member
2.A.visiting B.changing C.knowing D.helping
3.A.time B.money C.bags D.reasons
4.A.sad B.special C.different D.lazy
5.A.drink B.make C.borrow D.eat
6.A.lunch B.dinner C.breakfast D.supper
7.A.answers B.thinks C.asks D.hopes
8.A.fruit B.bread C.juice D.milk
9.A.slowly B.really C.fast D.again
10.A.always B.usually C.seldom D.never
二
完形填空
For most people, the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people 1 ask the question, “What clothes are in fashion?” And they use the word “fashionable” in the same 2 , “She was wearing a fashionable colour.”
But of course there are fashions in 3 things, not only in 4 . There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and in books. There are even fashions in school subjects, in jobs and in 5 such as Chinese, English and Japanese.
Fashions change as 6 goes. 7 you look at pictures of people or things in the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was 8 from the one in 1650. A fashionable man of 1780 was different from his grandson in 1860.
Today fashions change very 9 . Some of this is natural. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspapers, radios, telephones and televisions send information from one country to 10 in a few hours.
( )1. A. must B. may C. need D. can
( )2. A. road B. river C. way D. street
( )3. A. many B. much C. a lot D. little
( )4. A. food B. clothes C. vegetables D. drinks
( )5. A. languages B. sports C. countries D. cities
( )6. A. places B. people C. events D. time
( )7. A. Then B. And C. If D. Though
( )8. A. like B. the same C. as D. different
( )9. A. happily B. slowly C. quickly D. lonely
( )10. A. another B. the other C. other D. others
三
完形填空
I like a lot of foods, like rice, noodles, dumplings, porridge, hamburgers and so on. But my favourite ___1___ is dumplings. Every Sunday, my mother ___2___ many dumplings for me. If she has ___3___ time to make the dumplings, I’ll go to the supermarket to ___4____ some. Dumplings look ___5___ white boats. They taste delicious. ___6___ my birthday every year, I usually make a lot of dumplings with my mother ___7____ I often ask some friends to eat them with me. There are different kinds of ___8____ in them. My friends ___9____ like to eat them very much.
In a word, of all the foods, I like dumplings __10___.
( )1. A. food B. bread C. fruit D. fast food
( )2. A. do B. does C. make D. makes
( )3. A. not B. no C. don’t D. doesn’t
( )4. A. want B. take C. buy D. borrow
( )5. A. for B. after C. at D. like
( )6. A. In B. On C. About D. With
( )7. A. after B. before C. because D. when
( )8. A. fishes B. fruits C. vegetables D. mooncakes
( )9. A. all B. both C. are all D. are both
( )10. A. better B. best C. a lot D. very much
四
完形填空
Dear Linda,
Thank you for your last letter. You asked me about the __1__ in China. Let me tell you about it.
The Spring Festival is the most __2__ festival in China. Before the Spring Festival, families usually__3__ their houses. __4__ the eve of the Spring Festival, children put their new clothes and shoes beside their beds __5__ they go to sleep. Children really like the Spring Festival, __6__ they can wear new clothes and get red pocket money from their parents or other older people.
On the first day of the Spring Festival, people __7__ very early and make dumplings. People often put coins in some of the dumplings. If a person gets the dumpling with a coin in it, he or she will have good __8__ in the coming new year. After breakfast, people do lots of things, such as __9__ cards, visiting relatives and friends and so on. In __10_ places people like to set off firecrackers. It’s very interesting.
During the Spring Festival, families get together and have a very happy time.
Yours,
Li Mei
( )1. A. Children’s Day B. Spring Festival C. Teachers’ Day D. National Day
( )2. A. interesting B. funny C. important D. boring
( )3. A. clean B. buy C. make D. change
( )4. A. In B. On C. With D. At
( )5. A. after B. before C. ago D. when
( )6. A. so B. but C. however D. because
( )7. A. get on B. get off C. get to D. get up
( )8. A. start B. luck C. habit D. feeling
( )9. A. playing B. making C. collecting D. doing
( )10. A. much B. many C. a lot D. other
五
完形填空
Mrs Green is a middle school teacher in China. She 1 English in our school. She has taught English for nine years.
Every morning, Mrs Green 2 school at 7: 00, an hour before classes begin. She 3 two classes every day. She often uses recorders in class, and sometimes she gives us lessons in the 4 lab. She often asks us to practise listening and 5 in class. She checks our 6 and helps us with our lessons after class. She doesn’t leave school until 5: 30 7 the afternoon.
We like Mrs Green’s lessons very much, because she always makes them 8 . She often tells us how to study. And we all try to learn new things by ourselves. I think 9 a good teacher. I want to be a 10 like her when I grow up.
1. A. teaches B. learns C. reads D. speaks
2. A. leaves B. goes C. gets to D. arrives
3. A. have B. has C. had D. is having
4. A. physics B. biology C. language D. history
5. A. speaking B. to speak C. telling D. to tell
6. A. pictures B. bags C. housework D. homework
7. A. on B. in C. at D. to
8. A. different B. scary C. interesting D. boring
9. A. I am B. I’m not C. she is D. she isn’t
10. A. worker B. doctor C. nurse D. teacher
六
完形填空
Mr King is a very old man. He likes eating dumplings very much. Every Sunday，he goes to a Chinese 1 and eats dumplings 2 dinner. Ann is a waitress. She 3 in the restaurant. Ann often 4 with Bob，so they become very good friends. Every time after Mr King 5 for his dinner，he puts some money on the table. The 6 is for Ann. It’ s her tip（小费）.One day，Bob 7 Ann，“Do you want a tip or half my lottery（彩票）prize?”Ann thinks that 8 is telling a joke（玩笑）. 9 she laughs and says，“Half of your prize.”
The next day, Mr King wins the lottery and gets six million dollars. Then he goes to the restaurant and gives Ann the tip— 10 of his lottery prize！
1. A. office B. library C. restaurant D. school
2. A. at B. for C. with D. in
3. A. works B. does C. finishes D. makes
4. A. thinks B. tells C. says D. talks
5. A. takes B. costs C. spends D. pays
6. A. lottery B. money C. job D. prize
7. A. answers B. shows C. asks D. feels
8. A. she B. he C. they D. we
9. A. And B. But C. So D. Or
10. A. half B. few C. little D. most
七
完形填空
Mrs Green is going shopping in a new shopping mall. She is going to buy 1 .She is looking for it. Now she is in a very big clothes shop.She is looking 2 one of the sweaters in the shop. And there is a young man 3 near her. Mrs Green wants to try 4 the sweater. So she asks the young man，“Excuse me，are you going to serve（接待） 5 ?I want a sweater.”The young man is 6 and says，“I’m sorry. I 7 serve you.”Mrs Green says，“Of course，you can. That’s 8 .”The young man says，“It is not my job. I want 9 ，too.”Mrs Green feels very 10 .
1. A. a dress B. a pair of shoes
C. trousers D. a sweater
2. A. on B. / C. at D. to
3. A. asking B. singing C. standing D. dancing
4. A. for B. / C. in D. on
5. A. you B. me C. I D. us
6. A. happy B. surprised（惊讶的）
C. pleased（高兴的） D. afraid（害怕的）
7. A. don’t B. do C. can D. can’t
8. A. nice of you B. you must do
C. your job D. you please
9. A. a sweater B. a T-shirt
C. a shirt D. trousers
10. A. happy B. angry（生气的）
C. sorry D. sad（伤心的）
八
完形填空
Food is important. Everyone needs to 1 well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is 2 . We begin to get knowledge even when we are young. Small children are 3 in everything around them. They learn 4 while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older they begin to 5 story books, science books and anything else they like. When they find something new, they have to ask questions and 6 to find out the answers.
What is the best 7 to get knowledge? If we learn 8 ourselves, we will get the most knowledge. If we are 9 getting answers from others and don’t ask why, we will never learn more and understand 10 .
1. A .sleep B. read C. drink D. eat
2. A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat
3. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. good
4. A . everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
5. A . lend B. write C. learn D. read
6. A . try B. have C. think D. wait
7. A . place B. school C. way D. road
8. A . on B. with C. to D. by
9. A. seldom B. always C certainly D. sometimes
10. A. harder B. much C. well D. better
九
完形填空
Today is the last Saturday before Christmas. Everyone in the USA 1 shopping for presents. 2 is falling. People are walking fast. They are trying to keep 3 when they move from shop to shop. In the shops children are 4 at the toys. They are talking to a man called Father Christmas. He asks, “ What do you want for Christmas?”
In the USA it is warm and beautiful in summer. The trees and fields are green then. But now it is winter and 5 is white.
At 6 ，small lights make the houses and buildings 7 . Christmas is a beautiful 8 of a year.
Christmas Day always begins before 9 . Children wake up very early in the morning. They open the 10 from their parents. Then they wake up their parents, saying “ Merry Christmas.”
1. A. be B. is C. am D. are
2. A. Snow B. Rain C. Leaf D. Kite
3. A. happy B. nice C. cold D. warm
4. A. seeing B. see C. looking D. look
5. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
6. A. evening B. night C. morning D. afternoon
7. A. bad B. nice C. old D. new
8. A. time’s B. times’ C. times D. time
9. A. breakfast B. lunch C. supper D. dinner
10. A. doors B. presents C. windows D. TV
十
完形填空
Mary is 1 English girl, but she lives in France (法国) with her family now. She is six 2 old. Her mother says to her，“You are six, and you will start school here. You will like the school because (因为) it’s a 3 school.” “Is it an English school?” Mary asks. “Yes, it is .” Her mother answers.
Mary goes to school. The teachers 4 very friendly and speak good 5 . And there are two other English girls in the class, 6 . She begins to like the school.
Her mother takes her to school 7 the morning and brings her home in the afternoon.
One day ,when her mother is at school, Mary runs out of the classroom and says, “We have a 8 girl in our class today. She is six, too. She is very nice, 9 she isn’t English. She is a German (德国人).” “Doesn’t she speak English?” Mary’ s mother asks. “No, but she always laughs 10 English.” She says happily.
1. A. an B. a C. the D. /
2. A. year B. years C. years’ D. year’s
3. A. old B. bad C. small D. nice
4. A. are B. is C. aren’t D. isn’t
5. A. Japanese B. English C. Chinese D. French(法语)
6. A. either B. also C. all D. too
7. A. on B. at C. in D. of
8. A. nice B. new C. good D. old
9. A. and B. or C. but D. because
10. A. in B. at C. with D. on
十一
完形填空
Dear Bob,
How are you?
Today is my first day in this school, and I want to 1 you something about my new school.
My school is not 2 but very beautiful. It is 3 to the People’s Library. There is a post office 4 our school and the park. There are 5 buildings in our school, the 6 building, the teachers’ building and a library.
There are many teachers in my school. They are kind 7 strict. There are also a lot of students to study here. We work hard in class. 8 class, we often do some sports or go to music or art clubs. Behind the students’ building, there is a big playground. It is beautiful. On each side of it there are tall trees and all kinds of flowers. On the 9 side, we can play 10 . On the left side we can play volleyball. In the middle, we can play football. Every day we have fun together on the playground.
I love my school. Welcome to my school!
1. A. say B. talk C. speak D. tell
2. A. tall B. nice C. big D. small
3. A. near B. next C. front D. back
4. A. among B. for C. with D. between
5. A. one B. two C. three D. four
6. A. students’ B. teachers’ C. restaurant D. parents’
7. A. and B. still C. or D. so
8. A. In B. On C. At D. After
9. A. left B. right C. middle D. front
10. A. the violin B. basketball C. the piano D. the guitar
十二
完形填空
Hello, I am Jack. I’m the leader of a sport team. The team 1 are my father , my mother , my brother 2 my sister .
My father is a famous 3 player in our city. He has a lot of fans. He plays in the national team and he will 4 in the World Cup.
My mother has a 5 habit(习惯). She gets up early in the morning. She jogs in a park. She also 6 doing yoga (瑜伽) in the evening. She is a happy mum. We love her very much.
My brother likes table tennis. 7 plays it with his friends on Saturday or Sunday afternoon.
My sister 8 to school every morning to keep fit. She is a dancer. Running helps her dance well.
Like my 9 , I love football, too. I am 10 the Football Club of my school.
I love my family—such a sport family.
1. A. jobs B. members C. numbers D. tests
2. A. or B. and C. but D. though
3. A. basketball B. football C. tennis D. piano
4. A. play B. stop C. lend D. use
5. A. good B. bad C. beautiful D. young
6. A. watches B. works C. makes D. enjoys
7. A. She B. They C. He D. It
8. A. walks B. runs C. jumps D. rides
9. A. father B. mother C. brother D. sister
10. A. at B. in C. of D. behind