通用版英语小升初暑假衔接 专题8.动词分类和辨析(小初考点差异及衔接)(原卷版+解析版)
展开动词分类和辨析(小初考点差异及衔接)
小学要求
实义动词 open,learn,stop,read
系动词 be,become,turn, get
助动词 do,have,shall,will
情态动词 can,may,must,need, should
初中要求
1、 实义动词;
2、 系动词;
3、 助动词的用法;
4、容易混淆的常用动词和词组的用法辨析
【小学动词分类和辨析考点聚焦】
1. 实义动词
实义动词也叫行为动词,有人称和时态的变化,能在句中独立做谓语。如:
I like English. 我喜欢英语。
The child is playing the piano. 这个小孩正在弹钢琴。
2. 系动词
系动词也叫连系动词,不能单独作谓语,必须和表语(常用名词、形容词等) 一起使用构成系表结构。系动词可以分为下面三类:
(1) be动词
be动词是最基本的系动词。它包括am,is,are及这三个词的相应变化形式。如:
I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。
She was thirteen last year. 她去年13岁。
Be动词用法口诀:I用am, you用are, is用于He, She, It. 单数和不可数用is, 复数形式全用are.
(2) 表感觉的系动词
look(看上去) ,sound(听起来) ,feel(摸起来;感觉) ,taste(尝起来) ,smell(闻起来) 等等。如:
The cake tastes good. 这蛋糕很好吃。
Flowers smell sweet. 花闻起来很香。
(3) 其他系动词
还有一些表示具有某种状态或这种状态正在持续或变化的词,这些词也属于系动词。这类动词常见的有:seem(似乎) ,keep(保持) ,stay(仍然) , get(变得) ,go(变) ,become(变成) ,turn(转变) 等。如:
She often keeps her room clean. 她经常保持房间干净。
The weather gets warmer. 天气变得更暖和了。
3. 情态动词
情态动词指表示说话人的语气和态度的动词。不能单独作谓语,只能和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有:can,could,may,might,must,will,would,shall,should等等。如:
I can play the piano. 我会弹钢琴。
We should study hard. 我们应该努力学习。
4. 助动词
助动词本身没有词义,它和实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态,也可构成否定和疑问结构。常用的助动词有do(does,did) ,have(has) 等。如:
What do you usually do at the weekend? 你通常在周末做什么?
Did you have a good time? 你玩得开心吗?
【初中动词分类和辨析考点聚焦】
考点清单
考点一 实义动词
实义动词即行为动词,表示动作,意思完全,能独立用作谓语。实义动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1、及物动词
后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词。常见的及物动词有:buy, catch, invent, found, like, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, show, make, take, tell等。
常见及物动词的句型结构有:
(1)“主语+谓语+宾语”, 宾语可以由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。如:
I finished reading the book. // The Greens enjoy living in China. // We help each other.
(2)“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”或“主语+谓语+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语”,如:
I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him. 我把盐递给他。
My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑。
在动词bring, give, hand, lend, pass, sell, send, show, take, return等动词后用to,表示“给”,强调动作的对象。
在动词buy, cook, choose, do, get, leave, make, sing, find等后面用for,表示“为,替”,强调动作的目的。
(3)“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”,宾补的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。它可以由名词、形容词、副词、v-ing、动词不定式和介词短语等充当。
① 使役动词make, let, have等后接不带to的不定式作宾补。如:
He made me work twelve hours a day. 他让我一天工作十二小时。
② 感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等后既可接不带to的不定式作宾补,也可用v-ing作宾补。前者(不带to的不定式)表示动作已结束,后者(动名词)表示动作正在进行。试比较:
He saw a girl get on the bus. 他看见一个女孩上车了(上车的动作已经结束)。
He saw a girl getting on the bus. 他看见一个女孩在上车(上车的动作正在进行)。
2、不及物动词
本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫不及物动词。不及物动词后若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to, of, at等后方可跟上宾语。具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得看是什么动词短语了,如:listen to, look at…等。不及物动词没有被动语态。只能用于“主语+谓语”句型。常见的不及物动词有:arrive, agree, belong, come, die, exist, fail, fall, go, hurry, listen, look, rise, sit, sail, succeed, work等。如:
Look carefully! 仔细/认真看!(注意:carefully 是副词,不是名词,故不作宾语)
look at+宾语“看……”。如:Look at me carefully! 仔细/认真看着我!(me是代词,作宾语)
3、有些动词既可以用作及物动词又可以用作不及物动词,它的意义不变。常见的有:answer, begin, close, consider, hurt, improve, insist, learn, leave, prepare, pay, read, start, sing, write等。如:
Shall I begin at once? (begin用作不及物动词) // She began working as librarian after she left school. (begin用作及物动词)
Lucy left last week. (left用作不及物动词) // When did they leave Guilin? (leave用作及物动词)
4、有些动词既可以用作及物动词又可以用作不及物动词,它的意义完全不同。这类词作及物动词是一个意思,而作不及物动词时却是另一个意思。常用的这类动词有:beat vi.跳动 vt.敲、打;grow vi.生长 vt.种植;play vi.玩耍 vt.打(牌、球)、演奏;smell vi.发出(气味)vt.嗅;ring vi.(电话、铃)响vt.打电话;speak vi.讲话vt.说(语言);hang vi.悬挂vt.绞死;operate vi.动手术vt.操作。如:
lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的“消散”,作及物动词时是“升高,举起”。
We saw the mountain when the clouds lifted.(消散)// He lifted his glass and drank.(举起)
考点二 系动词
系动词又称联系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构,说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。中考要求掌握的系动词有:be, look, seem, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, become, turn, fall ill/asleep等的用法。
2. 系动词分类:
① 状态系动词be:用来表示主语状态,后接名词、形容词、分词、不定式、副词、介词短语做表语。如:
He is a teacher.(名词)// He is happy.(形容词)// The story is very interesting.(分词)
Tom’s dream is to be a doctor. (不定式)// My father is out.(副词)// The pen is in the pencil-box.(介词短语)
② 持续系动词:用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。如:
He always kept silent at meeting. // This matter rests a mystery. // The problems remains unsolved.
③ 表像系动词:用来表示主语“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem (to be), appear (to be), look。如:
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。// He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
④ 感官系动词:感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等,后接名词、形容词、分词、不定式做表语。如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft. // This flower smells very sweet. // It sounds a good idea. // The cake tastes delicious.
⑤ 变化系动词:这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, get, come, turn(若跟名词不加冠词),fall (asleep, ill, silent), go, run等。如:
He became mad after that.//She grew rich within a short time.//The baby fell asleep.//The leaves turned yellow.
⑥ 终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”,“变成”之意。如:
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。// The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
①Mr.Wang seems (似乎)very angry.
②This kind of cloth feels (摸起来)very soft.
③Now my dream has come (实现了)true.
④You must keep (保持)healthy.
⑤Her face turned (变得)red.
考点三 助动词的用法
1、助动词的定义:协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。与被协助的主要动词构成时态,语态、疑问句、否定句和加强语气等。助动词是语法功能词,本身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉语意思。如:He doesn’t like English. 他不喜欢英语。(doesn’t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2、助动词的作用:助动词协助主要动词完成以下功能,可以用来:
① 表示时态。如:He is singing. 他在唱歌。// He has got married. 他已结婚。
② 表示语态。如:He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
③ 构成疑问句。如:Do you like college life? // Did you study English before you came here?
④ 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。如:I don’t like him. 我不喜欢他。
⑤ 加强语气。如:He did know that. // Do come to the party tomorrow evening.
3、最常用的助动词(be, have, do, shall, will, should, would)的用法:
(1)助动词be(am, is, are, was, were)的用法
① 助动词be+现在分词,构成进行时态。如:
They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。//Tom asked me what I was doing at eight last night.汤姆文我昨晚八点在干什么?
② 助动词be+过去分词,构成被动语态。如:
The window was broken by Tom. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。// English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。
③ 助动词be+动词不定式,表示根据安排要发生的事情。如:
He is to go to New York next week. 他下周要去纽约。// We are to teach the fresh persons. 我们要教新生。
(2)助动词have (has, had) 的用法
① have +过去分词,构成完成时态。如:He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。
By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。
② have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时。如:
I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。
③ have +been +过去分词,构成现在完成时的被动语态。如:
English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。
④ have+动词不定式,表示因客观环境而不得不做的事情。如:
It’s raining hard. I have to stay at home. 天正在下大雨,我不得不呆在家里。
(3)助动词do (does, did) 的用法
① 构成一般疑问句,如:
Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?// Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?
② do (does, did)+ not构成否定句,如:
I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。// He doesn’t like to study. 他不想学习。
In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
③ 构成否定祈使句,如:Don’t go there. 不要去那里。// Don’t be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
【注意】构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。
④ 放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,意为“一定要,确实,真的”。如:
I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。// Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。// I do miss you. 我确实想你。
⑤ 用于倒装句,如:Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
【注意】引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
⑥ 用来代替前面刚提到的动词以避免重复。如:I work harder than he does. 我工作比他努力。
---- Do you like Beijing? 你喜欢北京吗?---- Yes, I do. 是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)
(4)助动词shall/should和will/would的用法
① shall构成一般将来时,should构成过去将来时,用于第一人称,后接动词原形。
I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。
I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天给他打电话,问他我下周干什么。
② will构成一般将来时,would构成过去将来时,用于第二、三人称,后接动词原形。如:
He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。// He said he would come. 他说他要来。
【注意】在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其在口语中,will常用于第一人称,但shall只用于第一人称,如用于第二、第三人称,就失去助动词的意义,已变为情态动词,试比较:
He shall come. 他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。)// He will come. 他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。)
①学生们正在上课。The students are having a class .
②许多国家都讲英语。English is spoken in many countries.
③自从他出生以来,他一直住在北京。He has lived in Beijing since he was born.
④孩子们,务必安静点!Do be quiet ,children!
⑤今晚将有一场足球比赛。There will be a football match this evening.
⑥杰克总是把房间保持得干净、整洁。Jack always keeps his room clean and tidy .
⑦我可以问你个问题吗?May I ask you a question ?
⑧孩子们正在放风筝。The children are flying kites .
⑨他一生致力于教孩子们英语。He devoted his lifetime to teaching the children English.
容易混淆的常用动词和词组的用法辨析
1、say, speak, talk, tell的用法辨析
(1) say表示讲话,及物动词,后跟宾语或宾语从句, 强调说话的内容。如:
He said he would go there. // It’s time to leave. We have to say goodbye to you.
(2) speak表示“讲话”,一般作为不及物动词使用,而有时作为及物动词后面跟上各种语言作为宾语。如:Do you speak English? // May I speak to Mr Pope, please?
(3) talk表示“谈话”,是不及物动词,与to, about, with等连用,才可以接宾语。如:
What are you talking about? // Mr Jackson is talking with my father in the office now.
(4) tell 表示“告诉,讲述”是及物动词,可以带双宾语或复合宾语。如:
She told us an interesting story yesterday. // My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month.
2、look, see, watch和read的用法辨析
(1) look强调“看”这个动作,是不及物动词,常与at连用,然后接宾语。如:
Look! The girl is swimming in the lake. // Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual?
(2) see 指“看见”某物,强调的是结果。如:
They can’t see the words on the blackboard. // Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday?
(3) watch 指的是“观看”,“注视”之意。如:
The twins are watching TV now. // He will go to watch a volleyball match.
(4)read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。如:
Don’t read in the sun. // I like to read newspapers when I am free.
3、borrow, lend和keep的用法辨析
(1) borrow意思为“借入”,常常与from连用,是非延续性动词,表示瞬间即能完成的动作。如:
Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now. // May I borrow your dictionary?
(2) lend 是“借出”之意,常常与to连用,同borrow一样,是非延续性动词,只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。如:
Uncle Wang has lent his car to Mr Li. // Could you lend us your radio, please?
(3) keep是“保存”的意思,动作可以延续。如:
How long can the recorder be kept? // The farmer kept the pan for two weeks.
4、bring, take, carry, get和fetch的用法辨析
(1) bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。 如:
Bring me the book, please. // May I bring Jim to see you next Saturday?
(2) take意思是“拿走”,“带走”,把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。如:
It looks like rain. Take a raincoat with you. // Mother took the little girl to the next room.
(3) carry 是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思,指随身携带,有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义,不表明来去的方向。如:
Do you always carry a handbag? // The box is heavy. Can you carry it?
(4) get是去某处将某物拿回来。如:
Please go to my office to get some chalk. // There is no water in the bottle. Why not get some?
(5) fetch 指往返,去了又回来,到别处去把某人或某物带来或拿来。如:
She has gone to fetch water. // Can you fetch the book for me at once?
5、wear, put on和dress的用法辨析
(1) wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思,可用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等,强调“穿着”的状态。如:
Tom always wears black shoes. // He wears a raincoat even when it is fine. // She doesn’t like to wear a red flower in her hair.
(2) put on是“穿上”“戴上”的意思,可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。如:
It’s cold. You’d better put on your coat. // He put on his hat and went out of the room.
(3) dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词,有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作“穿着”解时,只用于穿衣服,不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作为及物动词用时,它的宾语是人,不是衣服。dress sb.(给某人穿衣服),而wear作“穿着”用时,也是及物动词,但它的宾语是物,不是人,即wear sth.(穿着衣物)。如:She always dresses well. // Get up and dress quickly. // Mary is dressing her child.
6、take, spend, pay和cost的用法辨析
(1) take指做某事用多少时间。句型是:It takes/took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do sth.
It took me three days to finish the work. // It will take you a week to travel through the forest.
(2) spend指某人在某事(物)上花费时间或钱。句型是:Sb spends + money/time + on something / (in) doing sth.
She spent more than 500 yuan on that coat. // He didn’t spend much time on his lessons.
He spent much time (in) correcting students’ exercises. // Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes.
(3) cost的宾语通常是时间、金钱、力气,句型:sth. +(cost)+sb.+时间/金钱/力气。如:
How much does a house like this cost? // The book cost me 20 yuan.
(4) pay的宾语通常是金钱,句型:sb.+(pay)+金钱+for+事物。如:I paid him twenty dollars for the book.
7、reach, get 和arrive的用法辨析
(1) reach是及物动词,后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。如:
After the train had left, they reached the station. // We reached the top of the mountain at last.
(2) get是不及动词,常与to连用,再接名词,后面接表示地点的副词时,不用to,get to常用于口语中。如:
When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun. // My sister was cooking when mother got home.
(3) arrive是不及物动词,表示到达一个小地方时,用arrive at, 到达一个大地方时用arrive in。后面接表示地点的副词时,不用at/in。如:The soldiers arrived at a small village // The foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow.
8、accept和receive的用法辨析
(1) receive 通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”,接不接受是另一回事,receive多是接受实际的东西,如信件,礼物等。如:On my twentieth birthday I received several gifts. 我二十岁生日那天我收到好几份礼物。
(2) accept 则指主动地“接受”,accept多是接受抽象的东西,如想法,表扬,批评,道歉等。如:
She offered him a lift and he accepted (it). 她请他坐她的车,他就领情了。
She received his present, but she didn’t accept it. 她收到了他的礼物,但是没有接受。
(3) 表示“接见”、“接待”时,要用 receive 而不用 accept。如:She was warmly received. 她受到热情接待。
9、join, join in, take part in和attend的用法辨析
(1) join多指参加组织、团体、党派等,后面跟人时表示和某人一起参加某项活动。如:
He joined the army in 2010. 他在2010年参军。// She joined a health club. 她参加了一个健身俱乐部。
(2) join in指参加某项游戏或活动。如:
Can I join in the game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗?// They all join in singing the song. 他们一起唱这首歌。
(3) take part in多指参加群众性的活动、运动、会议等。如:
How many countries will take part in the World Cup? 有多少个国家要参加世界杯?
(4) )attend是正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、典礼;听报告、讲座等。如:
He’ll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要会议。
10、die, dead, death和dying的用法辨析
(1) die是动词,意为“死,去世”,为短暂性动词,不能与延续性时间连用,表延续性用be dead。如:
She has been dead for 3 years. 她去世三年了。// She died three years ago. 她三年前去世。
(2) dead是形容词,意为“死的”,表示状态。如:The poor man is dead. 这个可怜的人死了。
(3) death是名词,意为“死(亡)”。如:Her death is remembered by us forever. 他的过世永远铭刻在我们的心中。
(4) dying为die的现在分词,也可作形容词,表“垂死的,濒于死亡边缘的,枯萎的”之意。如:
She is dying. 她快要死了。
11、lose, fail, beat, win和defeat的用法辨析
(1) lose意为“输给某人”,固定搭配为lose to sb.。如:
Unluckily we lost the match to Class Three. 不幸的是我们比赛输给了三班。
(2) fail意为“失败”或“未做成某事”。如:Our plan has failed. 我们的计划失败了。
(3) beat意为“打败”,后接sb.或某支队伍。如:
Class Three beat us 5-0. 三班以5∶0打败了我们。// I beat her at swimming yesterday. 昨天游泳我赢了她。
(4) win意为“赢得”,如赢得荣誉、比赛、地位等。如:I am sure to win the match. 我一定能赢得比赛。
(5) defeat意为“击败,战胜,使失败,挫折”。The enemy was defeated. 敌人被打败了。
12、look for, find和find out的用法辨析
(1) look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。如:
He began to look for a new job immediately after he was fired. 他被解雇后立即开始寻找一份新工作。
(2) find意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如:
---- Did you find Li Ming yesterday? 你昨天找到李明了吗?
---- No, we looked for him everywhere, but didn’t find him. 没有。我们到处找了,但没有找到他。
He found a few coins in the car. 他在汽车里捡到几枚硬币。
(3) find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实。如:Please find out when the train leaves.请查一下火车什么时候离站。
13、listen to和hear的用法辨析
(1) listen为不及物动词,与to构成固定搭配,强调听的动作。如:
Listen! There is a girl singing outside. 听,外面有个女孩在唱歌。
(2) hear 强调听的结果。如:I heard your words. 我听到你说的话了
14、lose, forget和leave的用法辨析
(1) lose意为“丢失,失去”。东西失去了,找不回来了。如:I lost my watch. 我的表丢失了(我丢失了表)。
(2) forget意为“忘记”,大脑中不再存在此类信息。后可跟名词、代词、不定式和动名词。如:
I forgot your name. 我忘记了你的名字。// I forget taking my DC with me. 我忘了已经把我的DC带上了。
(3)“leave sth.+地点”意为“把某物落在某处”。如:I left my watch at home. 我把表忘在家里了。
15、think of, think about和think over的用法辨析
(1) think of意为“想到/起……”。如:I can’t think of his name. 我想不起他的名字。
(2) think about意为“考虑”宾语it或them置后。如:What do you think about it? 你认为这件事怎么样?
(3) think over意为“仔细考虑”,宾语it或them放在中间,一般指考虑问题。如:
We need several days to think this matter over. 我们需要几天的时间把这件事情仔细考虑一下。
16、used to do sth., be used to doing sth.和be used to do sth. 的用法辨析
(1) used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事。I used to get up at six in the morning.
(2) be used to doing. 表示习惯做某事,to 后的动词用-ing形式。I’m used to getting up early.
(3) be used to do sth. 指被用来做什么。Pens are used to write.
1.—Our parents are the ones we could , aren?t they?
—Yes, whatever trouble we have, they are always behind us.
A.look after B.depend on
C.talk about D.play with
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我们的父母总是我们可以依靠的人,是不是?——是的,无论我们有什么麻烦,他们总在我们身后支持我们。
2.We need to form a habit of the whole test paper first as soon as we get it.
A.looking for B.looking over
C.looking up D.looking through
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我们要养成一拿到试卷就通览全卷的习惯。本题考查动词短语辨析。look through sth.快速查看;浏览。
3.Though he failed many times, he didn’t and finally he became a great singer.
A.climb up B.dress up
C.give up D.pick up
【答案】C
【解析】句意:虽然他失败了很多次,但他没有放弃,最终成为了一名很棒的歌手。本题考查动词短语辨析。由句意可判断他面对失败没有放弃。因此选择C项。
1.—You can between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club.
—I consider going to the chess club, for I like playing chess better.
A.decide B.guess C.hide D.wait
答案 A 本题考查动词辨析。decide决定;guess猜测;hide躲藏;wait等待。结合空后的“between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club”和答语可知,是在两者之间做决定,故选A。
2.—How was your camping in the countryside last weekend?
—It was great. We a tent by the lake and had much fun.
A.put up B.put off C.put on D.put in
答案 A 本题考查动词短语辨析。此处表示“在湖边搭帐篷”。put up搭建;put off推迟;put on穿上;put in插话,提出。故选A。
3.It’s sure that even the best sports players be a champion without hard work.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
答案 C 本题考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;needn’t不需要;can’t不可能;shouldn’t不应该。根据语境可知,不努力是不可能成为冠军的,用can’t表示“不可能”,故选C。
4.—Tommy, how does the sausage pizza ?
—Emm, you must put too much salt in it.
A.look B.taste C.feel D.smell
答案 B 本题考查动词辨析。look看起来;taste尝起来;feel感觉起来;smell闻起来。根据“put too much salt in it”可知,是品尝了之后才说的,故选B。
5.Miss Smith told us to the form as soon as we finished it.
A.throw away B.hand in C.fill out D.point at
答案 B 考查动词短语辨析。throw away扔掉;hand in上交;fill out填写;point at指向。根据“as soon as we finished it”可推知,应该是一完成就上交,故选B。
6.We shouldn’t the losers. Instead, they need more support.
A.laugh at B.cheer up C.learn from D.look after
答案 A 本题考查动词短语辨析。laugh at嘲笑;cheer up使振作起来;learn from向……学习;look after照顾。根据“Instead, they need more support.”可知,失败者不应该被嘲笑。故选A。
7.If you want to call a meeting or anything, a notice.
A.cut off B.take away C.put up D.point out
答案 C 本题考查动词短语辨析。cut off切断;take away拿走;put up张贴;point out指出。根据“If you want to call a meeting or anything”和“notice”可知,如果想召集会议,可以张贴布告,故选C。
8.We can’t getting a new light for our classroom. The one we have doesn’t work.
A.put off B.ask for C.insist on D.pay for
答案 A 本题考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟,拖延;ask for请求,要求;insist on坚持;pay for支付。根据“The one we have doesn’t work.”可知,换灯这件事情不容推迟。故选A。
9.—Tony, I feel upset these days.
—Do exercise with me. It’s a good way to your emotions.
A.get off B.give up C.deal with D.suffer from
答案 C 本题考查动词短语辨析。get off下车;give up放弃;deal with处理;suffer from遭受。根据前文“I feel upset these days”可知,锻炼可以解决情绪问题。故选C。
10.I want to say “thanks” to my parents who driving me to and from school every day.
A.put off B.insist on C.worry about D.benefit from
答案 B 本题考查动词短语辨析。put off 推迟;insist on坚持;worry about担心;benefit from受益于。根据语境可推断是因为爸爸妈妈坚持接送,“我”表示感激。故选B。
11.Jack not following his teacher’s suggestions after he didn’t pass the final exam.
A.regretted B.apologized C.pronounced D.discussed
答案 A 本题考查动词词义辨析。regret后悔;apologize道歉;pronounce宣布;discuss讨论。根据题干中didn’t pass the final exam可知杰克后悔没有听从老师的建议,故选A。
12.—Simon failed the exam again.
—That’s not surprising. Computer games too much of his time.
A.take out B.take away C.take off D.take up
答案 D 本题考查动词短语辨析。take out 取出;take away带走;take off起飞,脱下;take up占据(时间,空间),从事。根据语境可知西蒙考试不及格的原因是电脑游戏占用了他太多的时间,故选D。
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