牛津深圳版英语小升初暑假衔接 专题6.音节划分+完形填空（原卷版+解析版）

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音节划分+完形填空

音标学习
音节划分
完形填空



音标学习
1. 音节概念：
（1）一个单词的音标中有几个元音音标就有几个音节。
（2）一个音节叫单音节，两个音节叫双音节，三个或三个以上的音节叫多音节。E.g. 单音节：/ə/ /zed/ /sit/ 双音节 /'i:zi/ /hə' ləʊ/ /'faɪə/
多音节/'bju:tɪfl/ /ɪntə'næʃ(ə)n(ə)l/
（3）/m/ /n/ /l/在后面没有元音音标的情况下也能和前面的辅音构成一个音节，叫做自成音节。
E.g. /l/: little /'lɪt(ə)l/ bottle /'bɒt(ə)l/ /n/: cotton /'kɒt(ə)n/ lesson /'les(ə)n/
/m/: socialism /'səʊʃəlɪz(ə)m/ symbolism /'sɪmbəlɪz(ə)m/
2. 音节的划分
（1）按单词音标划分（最简单但不全面）
① 单音节音标的划分多为：辅+元+辅 E.g. got /ɡɒt/ date /deɪt/
② 双音节和多音节的音标划分为：“辅+元”或“辅+元+辅”
E.g. better /'betə/ behind /bɪ'haɪnd/
（2）按单词字母划分（比较难但全面）
口诀：一靠后，二分手，多个中间偏左右。组合字母算一个，常见组合要遵守。
①一靠后：当两个元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时，一般把它划分给后面的音节当头。
E.g. ago→a/go /ə'ɡəʊ/→/ə/'ɡəʊ/ water→wa/ter /'wɔ:tə/→/'wɔ:/tə/
②二分手：当两个元音字母之间有两个辅音字母时，一般把他们分开，一边一个。
E.g. doctor→doc/tor /'dɒktə/→/'dɒk/tə/ number→num/ber /'nʌmbə/→/'nʌm/bə/
③多个中间偏左右：当两个元音字母中间，有三个以上的辅音字母时，中间的辅音字母要么划分给前面的音节当尾，要么划分给后面的音节当头。
E.g. improve →im/prove /ɪm'pru:v/ →/ɪm/'pru:v/
transport →tran/sport /træn'spɔ:t/→ /træn/'spɔ:t/
④组合字母算一个：指的是一些字母组合后固定发一个音（常见的是双元音和“双辅音”），在划分音节时一般被当成一个字母看待。
E.g. retry→re/try /riː'traɪ/→/riː/'traɪ/ other→o/ther /'ʌðə/→/'ʌ/ðə/
quickly→quick/ly /'kwɪklɪ/→/'kwɪk/lɪ/
⑤常见组合要遵守:英语里有一些字母常常组合在一起，但它们不像固定组合字母那样发一个音，而是各发各的音，如pr，pl，fr，cl，sp，st，sk，scr，gr等等，这类组合字母在划分音节时一般不拆开，把它们划分在一起，尊重它们的常见组合习惯。
E.g. present→pre/sent /preznt/→/pre/znt/ class →class /'klɑːs/ →/'klɑːs/
student →stu/dent /'stjuːd(ə)nt/→/'stjuː/d(ə)nt/ skirt →skirt /skɜːt/ →/skɜːt/
3. 其他语音知识——重音的读法
①重音：在单词的音标中，如果在某个音标前的上方见到“ ' ”这个符号，如/dɪ'beɪt/，这就是重音符号。这个符号指的是从其后的音节开始全部使用降调(接近汉语拼音第四声)，而在重音前的的音节，要使用升调(接近汉语拼音第一声)。如：/ri'traɪ/ /hə'ləʊ/ /bɪ'haɪnd/。
注：若无重音符号标注，则意味着从第一个音标开始就往下压声调
②次重音：在单词的音标中，如果在某个音标前的下方见到“ ˌ ”这个符号，如decode /ˌdiː'kəʊd/，这就是次重音符号。这个符号指的是从其后的音节开始全部使用升调(接近汉语拼音第一声)，直到遇到重音符号才开始降调（接近汉语拼音第四声），如：examination /ɪgˌzæmɪ'neɪʃ(ə)n/ congratulations /kənˌgrætjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)ns/。
4. 巩固练习
请给以下单词划分音节
pencil /'pensl/ afternoon /ˌɑ:ftə'nu:n/ window /'wɪndəu/
blackboard /'blækbɔ:d/ classroom /'klɑ:srum/ English /'ɪŋglɪʃ/
birthday /'bə:θdeɪ/ favourite /'feɪv(ə)rət/ sister /'sɪstə/
elephant /'elɪfənt/ breakfast /'brekfəst/ basketball /'bɑ:skɪtˌbɔ:l/
animal /'ænɪməl/ Christmas /'krɪsməs/ excuse /ɪks'kju:z/ festival /'festɪvl/

【完形填空】
一
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。
A boy called Tom sat tears a wall with tears in his eyes. Mrs Bell came and asked, “What makes you so 26 ____1____?” Tom answered, “We will have a poetry competition. I don’t think I can make it because other boys ____2____ me and call me ‘Slow Tom’.”
    In a kind ____3____ Mrs Bell said, “Look at the snail on the wall. It is ____4____ but sure. When you lose heart, think of the sail.” Tom thought he could run a race with the snail. So he decided to practice his ____5____ until the snail got to the top of the wall.
    ___6___ the day came. Tom did best in the competition. He didn’t ____7____ a word and won the prize. The headmaster asked, “How could you learn the poem so well?” “The snail on the wall taught me how to do it” said Tom. “I saw it ____8____ the wall little by little. It didn’t stop, nor turn back, but went on. And I thought I would do the same with my task. By the time the ____9____ had got to the top of the wall, I had learned it well.” “Well done,’ Tom!” said the headmaster happily.
    “Now boys, let’s _____10_____ Tom and the snail on the wall.”
1．A．cheerful B．sad C．angry D．patient
2．A．look like B．laugh at C．take in D．tidy up
3．A．joke B．order C．voice D．rule
4．A．slow B．helpful C．harmful D．lively
5．A．greeting B．radio C．example D．poem
6．A．Probably B．Suddenly C．Possibly D．Finally
7．A．miss B．finish C．test D．host
8．A．look around B．fall down C．climb up D．rush out
9．A．seller B．person C．snail D．pet
10．A．wake up B．cheer for C．look around D．take care of
二
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A long time ago, there was a boy named Ma Liang. He enjoyed ___11___ but was very poor, so he could not buy a ___12___ for painting.
One night, Ma Liang dreamed of an old man. The old man ___13___ him with a brush and told him to paint for the poor. After Ma Liang ___14___, he found a brush in his hand. He ___15___ dog with his brush. The picture came to life! He was so happy and began to paint for the ___16___ people.
An officer (官员) ___17___ about Ma Liang and asked him to paint some gold. Ma Liang said no. The officer got so angry that he put Ma Liang into prison (监狱). Ma Liang drew a ___18___ in the prison and ran away.
The King sent some soldiers to catch Ma Liang. He asked Ma Liang to paint some gold, too. Ma Liang painted a ___19___ mountain by the sea as well as a ship and some wind. The King got on the ship and set sail. He painted strong ___20___ to stop the ship. At last, the ship sank and the King fell into the sea. After that, Ma Liang continued to paint for the poor.
11．A．reading B．writing C．drawing D．playing
12．A．picture B．paper C．book D．brush
13．A．gave B．provided C．bought D．sent
14．A．stood up B．put down C．got up D．fell down
15．A．made B．drew C．caught D．picked
16．A．poor B．rich C．old D．young
17．A．thought B．dreamed C．heard D．cared
18．A．kitchen B．toilet C．ship D．door
19．A．golden B．beautiful C．huge D．high
20．A．sunshine B．rain C．light D．wind
三
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
I ____21____ ten days in Kunming and Lijiang last summer vacation. The hotel in Kunming was 600 yuan a night. I thought it was quite ____22____. But Kunming is very clean and beautiful.
I ____23____ the Dianchi Lake and other places of interest. I also went for a ____24____ in the center of Kunming and bought lots of ____25____ for my friends and family.
I stayed there for three nights and then I went to Lijiang by ____26____. The train ride took me about five hours. Lijiang is a world-famous old town. The Old Town of Lijiang is famous for its waterways(水路) and bridges. And its buildings are ____27____ other buildings in China. There are no cars on the street and there are only many beautiful mountains around it, so it’s very ____28____. ____29____, during my visit, it was rainy every day, so I couldn’t do all the things I wanted, like a water trip and a horseback riding. But it was still a _____30_____ and unforgettable (难忘的) vacation.
21．A．took B．spent C．paid D．cost
22．A．boring B．interesting C．cheap D．expensive
23．A．visited B．knew C．met D．drew
24．A．shower B．swim C．walk D．fight
25．A．visitors B．money C．time D．gifts
26．A．car B．boat C．bus D．train
27．A．far from B．next to C．the same as D．different from
28．A．crowded B．busy C．quiet D．noisy
29．A．Luckily B．Unluckily C．Quickly D．Slowly
30．A．happy B．sad C．boring D．terrible
四
Many people like animals. So they keep ____31____ as pets. Usually people like to keep dogs, cats, fishes and ____32____ animals as their pets. Many young people keep animals ____33____ they think these animals are ____34____. Some old people keep pets because ____35____ children don’t live ____36____ them and they ____37____ lonely（孤独的）.
Mr. Li is an old man. He is a pet doctor. He is friendly to all people and their pets. People in the neighborhood love ____38____ very much. People usually call him “The Pet Doctor”, When people’s pets are sick（生病的）, they often ask Mr. Li for ____39____. Mr. Li can always help the sick pets get well soon. So he is ____40____ popular in the neighborhod.
31．A．animals B．sports C．music D．gift
32．A．any B．other C．another D．others
33．A．so B．but C．or D．because
34．A．strict B．scary C．cute D．afraid
35．A．their B．they C．your D．our
36．A．on B．for C．with D．over
37．A．feel B．look C．sound D．taste
38．A．she B．her C．he D．him
39．A．work B．help C．job D．dream
40．A．never B．a little C．always D．kind of
五
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
My grandfather is 65 year old. He has short white ____41____. He often wears a cap. Now, he is kind of old, ____42____ I think he is a good-looking man. Here is a photo ____43____ him from 1972.
Look! In the ____44____, he is only 16 yeas old. He’s a little short. He ____45____ short straight black hair. He wears a pair of glasses.
I’m also 16 years old now. But we’re quite ____46____. I’m 178 cm tall. My hair is ____47____ and long. My grandfather ____48____ it’s ugly (丑陋的) to have long blond hair, but I think I’m handsome. I wear a pair of glasses, ____49____. There are pictures of my favorite rock bands (摇滚乐队) on most of my T-shirts. My grandfather often says to me. “I don’t know why you like that kind of clothes.”
Oh, my name is Wang Feng. I am a middle school student. ____50____ do you think of my appearance (外表) ?
41．A．eyes B．legs C．mouth D．hair
42．A．but B．so C．or D．because
43．A．under B．of C．in D．at
44．A．card B．photo C．office D．newspaper
45．A．have B．had C．has D．having
46．A．thin B．heavy C．real D．different
47．A．red B．white C．blond D．black
48．A．enjoys B．watches C．looks D．thinks
49．A．either B．too C．also D．as well
50．A．When B．Why C．What D．Where
六
通读下面短文，　掌握其大意，　然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，　选出一个最佳答案，　并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Coco is a little bear and she is two years old. Her favorite ___51___ is red, so she wears a red dress every day. Coco is very clever and she is ___52___ at dancing. Jeff is her elder brother. The cute bear is four ___53___ old. He likes blue and his shirt is blue. His favorite toy is a blue car. He often plays with it ___54___. Coco’s mother is a writer. She always wears an orange dress. She ___55___ the computer at home. What about Coco’s father? He is fat and ___56___ green shirt. Oh, he wears glasses, but he often can’t find them and has to ___57___ them.
    Sometimes they go to the ___58___ to read books. The library is very big and there are all kinds of books in it. In the library, everybody must be ___59___. Coco and Jeff do very well. What books do they like to ____60____? They like some picture books, because they only know few words. And their father likes books on his work. They love the library and they have fun there.
51．A．food B．color C．sport D．subject
52．A．boring B．angry C．good D．happy
53．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years
54．A．happily B．easily C．quickly D．clearly
55．A．knock on B．works on C．put away D．talk to
56．A．buys B．sells C．wants D．wears
57．A．think of B．look at C．look for D．prepare for
58．A．park B．library C．supermarket D．school
59．A．clever B．careful C．quiet D．busy
60．A．read B．catch C．open D．take
七
One day, a toad (癞蛤蟆) met a monkey. They decided to look for something to eat because they both felt ____61____. They saw a woman making something when they came to a farmer’s house. They got an idea.
The toad ____62____ into the well (水井). Hearing something fall into water, the woman quickly ran to the well. The monkey at once went into the house, took a basket with a big cake and ____63____ to the hill (小山).
After a while, the toad met the monkey there. The monkey wanted to eat the cake by ____64____ so he said to the toad, “Let’s roll (滚) the basket downhill. Who gets the basket first can have the cake.” “But that’s unfair. I can’t run as fast as you,” said the toad. The monkey said, “You must ____65____ with me, or the cake will be mine.”
The toad had to race with the monkey. They pushed the basket downhill and the race ____66____. The monkey ran fast after the basket, but the toad moved ____67____ and began to eat the cake.
When the monkey caught the basket, he found the toad stopped. He climbed (爬) the hill again and ____68____ the toad eating the cake. He became angry and wanted to take the ____69____ back. But to the monkey’s surprise, the toad asked him to eat it together.
The monkey felt ____70____ for his behavior (行为). He decided he would never do that any more.
61．A．hungry B．sad C．busy D．free
62．A．sat B．climbed C．jumped D．walked
63．A．took out B．looked for C．ran away D．picked up
64．A．themselves B．myself C．ourselves D．himself
65．A．live B．race C．stay D．shout
66．A．missed B．answered C．started D．ended
67．A．quickly B．slowly C．sadly D．luckily
68．A．shouted B．told C．asked D．saw
69．A．basket B．tree C．banana D．cake
70．A．sorry B．boring C．afraid D．happy
八
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
People in different countries have different ways of doing things. Something that is ____71____ in one country may be not polite in another.
In Britain, you mustn’t lift (举起) your bowl to your ____72____ when you are having soup. But it’s ____73____ in China. In Japan you needn’t worry about making ____74____ when you have it. It shows that you are enjoying it. Making a noise is considered as (被认为) bad manners (礼仪) in Britain. If you are a ____75____ in Mongolia, what do they wish you to do? They wish you to give a “burp” (打嗝), ____76____ you finish eating. Because it shows that you like the food. In Britain, you should try not to ____77____ your hands on the table when you’re having a meal. In Mexico, however, they hope you keep the hands or the table during a meal. But in Arab, you must be very careful with your hands. In Arab, You mustn’t eat with your ____78____ hand. Arabians consider it’s ____79____ to eat with left hands. So, when you are in other countries, ____80____ other people’s ways of doing things carefully and follow (跟随) them.
71．A．bad B．useful C．polite D．good
72．A．mouth B．nose C．ears D．head
73．A．same B．different C．important D．difficult
74．A．faces B．noises C．mistakes D．friends
75．A．teacher B．student C．doctor D．visitor
76．A．after B．before C．how D．what
77．A．give B．take C．open D．put
78．A．right B．clean C．left D．dirty
79．A．lucky B．bad C．happy D．good
80．A．guess B．find C．play D．watch
九
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
One day, a rabbit hid（隐藏）in some wood on a farm. When the farmer came out to get some wood, the rabbit had to jump out ___81___. The farmer had a dog. His name was Rover. He ___82___ the rabbit and ran after it. The dog got closer and closer to the rabbit. At that time, the farmer saw a trick（诡计）. He could not believe his ___83___.  The rabbit gave two big jumps.  First, it jumped to the side to let the ___84___ run past. Then the rabbit jumped onto Rover’s back. How ___85___ Rover was! And he was afraid, too. He ran on and on, trying to make the rabbit fall off his back. But the rabbit stayed on until they ___86___ came to some bushes（灌木丛）by the river. Then the rabbit ___87___ off his back and ran away.
What did Rover do? He slowed down and started to ___88___ the rabbit, but he couldn’t find her anywhere. At last, he went back to the ___89___with his tail between his legs. The farmer laughed. He could see that Rover didn’t ___90___the rabbit’s trick at all. How clever the rabbit was!
81．A．slowly B．quickly C．easily D．freely
82．A．got B．left C．lost D．found
83．A．eyes B．ears C．words D．plans
84．A．farmer B．bear C．rabbit D．dog
85．A．surprised B．sad C．excited D．relaxed
86．A．really B．firstly C．finally D．carefully
87．A．flew B．walked C．took D．jumped
88．A．look after B．look for C．look at D．look into
89．A．farm B．bushes C．village D．river
90．A．change B．try C．like D．use
十
My son lives in a town in France. It is a wonderful but busy town. People there are very kind. On the old streets, there are many ____91____. You can eat a lot of delicious food there. My son is a ____92____ in a restaurant. He makes Chinese food for it. It is very ____93____ to go shopping because there are many supermarkets and shops. There is a big cinema near my son’s home, ____94____ he can see great films there. People in the town will ____95____ feel bored because there are a lot of things to do. Also, it is easy for them to ____96____ a bus to get to the city centre from their town. But I like nature (自然) ____97____. So I would like to live in the country. Here, I can ____98____ the field and sunflowers. Sometimes rabbits run into my garden. I think it’s very ____99____ to be in this kind of fun places. _____100_____ my home! You will feel very happy here.
91．A．hospitals B．restaurants C．museums D．schools
92．A．waiter B．cooker C．manager D．cook
93．A．busy B．hard C．easy D．heavy
94．A．after B．so C．if D．but
95．A．always B．usually C．often D．never
96．A．take B．by C．make D．with
97．A．good B．better C．well D．very
98．A．miss B．leave C．enjoy D．worry
99．A．difficult B．close C．hard D．nice
100．A．Welcome to B．Go away from C．Stay to D．Play with