河南省南阳市第二中学校2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

这是一份河南省南阳市第二中学校2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题，共11页。试卷主要包含了 答题前，考生务必用直径0， 本卷命题范围，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年春期南阳二中高二年级3月质量检测
英语试题
命题人：石莹 审题人：刘俊珂
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a bank. C. At an airport.
2. When will the meeting begin tomorrow?
A. At 9:00. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:00.
3. What will the speakers eat tonight?
A. Italian food. B. Chinese food. C. American food.
4. What does the woman mean?
A. She is on a diet. B. She has gained weight. C. She enjoys staying at home.
5. What do the speakers agree to do together?
A. Go shopping. B. Clean the floor. C. Hold a party.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman say about ice cream?
A. It is good for health. B. It can cool her down. C. It costs much money.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Make ice cream on her own. B. Get the air conditioner changed. C. Avoid eating too much ice cream.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How long will the man spend on his holiday?
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks.
9. What is the last stop of the man's trip in China?
A. Hong Kong. B. Xiamen. C. Shanghai.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To purchase a new car. B. To look for a car camera. C. To get her old car repaired.
11. What is the advantage of the SUV over the first car?
A. It is a few inches shorter. B. It can seat more persons. C. It consumes much less gas.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Pay the bill. B. Call her family. C. Take a test drive.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Old flatmates. B. Schoolmates. C. New classmates.
14. Why did the woman choose West Village University?
A. It was fairly close to her house.
B. It provided her with a scholarship.
C. It was recommended by her parents.
15. What did the man's brother major in at college?
A. Psychology. B. Engineering. C. Business.
16. What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A. Eat out. B. Meet professors. C. Share living fees.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Lou Ottens born?
A. In 1927. B. In 1960. C. In 1964.
18. What was the problem of the old tapes?
A. They were not large enough.
B. They were heavy and expensive.
C. They produced low-quality sound.
19. Where did Lou Ottens become the head of new product development?
A. In Hasselt, Belgium. B. In Duizel, Netherlands. C. In Philips headquarters.
20. How did Lou Ottens make the cassette tape a worldwide standard?
A. He sold it at a very low price.
B. He advertised his product very well.
C. He advocated licensing the format for free.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In Arkansas, July means hot days and slow, sweet nights. So why not kick back and enjoy a few at the Momentary? Relax with live music concerts on the Momentary Green.
LIVE ON THE GREEN | BRICK FIELDS
July 2, 7:30 pm-8:30 pm: free
Brick Fields of Northwest Arkansas have won the hearts of blues fans from all over the world. Their sound has been called "a cleansing of the soul" by the Nashville Blues Society. And the group have been referred to as "NWA's hardest working musical group" by a radio program.
LIVE ON THE GREEN | BAANG
July 9, 7:30pm-9:15 pm; free
Jeremiah Pickett, otherwise known as Bang, is a thought-provoking artist who has found value in creating work that inspires, uplifts, and encourages others. Bang has organized several events in the NWA area including "Bang and the Gang"
LIVE ON THE GREEN | STAX MUSIC ACADEMY
July 30, 7:30 pm-8:30pm; free
The Stax Music Academy Alumni Band was formed in 2013 to keep the Academy's former students-now in college-in the "Stax Music Academy family", further improve their musical performance skills, and offer tourists and locals alike a unique music experience.
LIVE ON THE GREEN | FOLKSINGER WILLI CARLISLE
July 23, 7:30pm-8:30 pm; free
Willi Carlisle has poetry in describing songs passed down through the generations as the most precious cultural commodity (有价值的事物), and a passion for performing them. Equally good at playing the violin and guitar, Carlisle has earned awards for his different talents!
21. When can the audience enjoy blues music?
A. On July 2. B. On July 9. C. On July 23. D. On July 30.
22. Why did Stax Music Academy form the band?
A. To enrich college life. B. To promote local music.
C. To bond with its graduates. D. To challenge its students.
23. How is the last concert different from the other three?
A. It is free of charge. B. It focuses on folk music.
C. It'll be given by an individual. D. It'll involve various instruments.
B
When school started on that warm August day, I threw myself into everything I did, including playing volleyball. I decided to become beautiful, or at the very least, skinny. I stopped eating completely. Soon I began losing weight, which thrilled me, and I even grew to love the tiredness and lightheadedness (头晕) that came with my poor diet, for those feelings meant that I was winning.
As the season progressed, things had become tense between my head volleyball coach, Coach Smith, and me. She felt that something was wrong with my health. She talked with me about my eating and was angry that I wouldn't listen to her when she tried to make me eat. I was angry and hurt and she was suspicious (怀疑的) and worried. We fought constantly. Then my malnourishment (营养不良) started to affect my performance. I was so tired that practice and games were becoming a struggle. One afternoon, with hurt in her eyes, Coach Smith asked me what I had eaten and I told her nothing yet. She looked at me, disappointment in her eyes, knowing she couldn't make me stop, and walked away.
A couple of weeks later I attended the volleyball dinner for our volleyball team. I stood there as my coach managed to say something nice about me. I realized then that I had ruined my senior year by being disrespectful, and I had probably ruined hers as well. So that evening I wrote her a letter apologizing and thanking her.
Then one Saturday, as I was reading in the library, I felt someone gently take my arm and say softly, "Lynn Jones, how are you doing?" I looked up and saw the familiar face. "Thanks for the letter," she said. "It meant a lot."
When I think of a coach, I think of someone above me, someone who gives instruction-not a friend. But Coach Smith is different, and, like any other good friend, she dealt with my problem in a determined way even when I hated her for it at that time. I didn't deserve her kindness, but she gave it anyway. I will forever be grateful for her help, and now for her friendship.
24. How did the author feel after she started losing weight?
A. Stupid. B. Satisfied. C. Funny. D. Nervous.
25. Why did the author fight with Coach Smith?
A. She refused to go on a diet. B. She caused her team to lose.
C. She changed the training schedule. D. She refused to eat properly.
26. Why did the author write a letter to Coach Smith?
A. She felt sorry for what she did.
B. She felt sorry for eating too little food.
C. She decided to improve her performance.
D. She wanted to build a close relationship with Coach Smith.
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Unexpected Friendship B. A Fight with My Coach
C. A Strict Volleyball Coach D. My Way of Losing Weight
C
Natural selection is the process by which one type of animal within a species develops well because of certain characteristics that make it more likely to live than others in its group. The history of the peppered moth (桦尺蛾) is an example of the natural selection process.
In nineteenth-century England, certain types of peppered moths were able to better blend (融合) into their surroundings. During that time period, great changes were happening in Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution was part of this change, and with it came air pollution. Natural selection usually takes hundreds or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth, this process occurred comparatively quickly.
At the beginning of the Industrial Age, most peppered moths in England were light-colored and covered with black markings, although a few moths had dark-colored wings. Because the light-colored moths blended into the light-colored bark on the trees, they could not be easily seen by birds that would eat them. As the air grew more polluted, however, tree trunks became covered with soot (煤烟) and became darker. The light-colored moths became easy for birds to see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-colored moths now had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored.
In the twentieth century, the air cleared up, and the peppered moth population changed again. As tree trunks lightened due to less soot in the air, light-colored moths once again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as soot levels declined. Depending on their environment, the coloration of the moths helped them to be "naturally selected" to survive.
28. What was unusual about the peppered moth's natural selection process?
A. Its frequency. B. Its complexity.
C. Its contributing factors. D. Its length of time.
29. What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A. Both kinds of moths preferred dark-colored trunks.
B. Light-colored moths were more sensitive to pollution.
C. Dark-colored moths were originally easier to see on trees.
D. Different kinds of moths preferred different air conditions.
30. What would most likely happen if soot darkened England's trees again?
A. Light-colored moths would die out.
B. New species of moths would appear.
C. Dark-colored moths would rise in number again.
D. Moths would be less dependent on their surroundings.
31. Which of the following does the example of moths mainly demonstrate?
A. Nothing is permanent. B. It is the fittest that survive.
C. Keep up with the times. D. Environmental protection is essential.
D
Fossil fuels are rapidly warming the planet, and the aerosols (气溶胶) from their burning process kill millions of people each year. But those aerosols can also cool the atmosphere. It creates an odd climate contradiction. If we burn less gas, oil, and coal, we'll stop loading the sky with planet-warming carbon, but we'll also load it with fewer planet-cooling aerosols. But exactly how much cooling we get from aerosols, and how strong that effect will be as the world stops using fossil fuels, are huge questions among climate researchers.
Burning fossil fuels produces clouds of tiny particles (颗粒), which cool the climate in two main ways. "The little particles themselves act like little mirrors, and they reflect some sunlight straight back to space," says University of Oxford climate scientist Duncan Watson-Parris.
The second way is more indirect: They influence the formation of clouds, which in turn affect the local climate. "Water vapor (水蒸气) in the atmosphere covers the aerosols and forms cloud droplets (云滴), "says Watson-Parris. If you load a given area with extra aerosols, the droplets end up being more numerous, yet smaller: There's only so much water vapor to go around all the particles. Smaller droplets are brighter than bigger ones, which whitens the cloud, causing it to reflect more of the sun's energy back into space.
In addition, the atmosphere is an extremely complicated 3D system stretching miles into the sky. Temperatures, humidity, and winds are changing constantly. And the aerosols caused by human activity are extraordinarily complicated. That's why scientists can't yet say that if we burn fewer fossil fuels and reduce aerosols by X amount, we can expect Y amount of warming. That's why researchers like Watson-Parris have had a range of outcomes. More atmospheric data, they say, will help them get closer to concrete numbers.
If we find better ways to take existing aerosols out of the air, but continue to burn fuels that release planet-warming carbon dioxide, we'll raise temperatures while eliminating the tiny particles that are compensating for (抵消) some of that heat. And that, Watson-Parris says, would be "a double blow."
32. What remains unknown to climate researchers according to paragraph 1?
A. When the world can get rid of fossil fuels. B. What the best alternative to fossil fuels is.
C. How the aerosols will affect temperatures. D. How people will benefit from the aerosols.
33. What can contribute to cooling the climate according to paragraph 3?
A. Less water vapor. B. Whiter clouds. C. Bigger droplets. D. Fewer particles.
34. What are the climate researchers probably doing at present?
A. Collecting more atmospheric data. B. Calling on people to reduce the aerosols.
C. Building up a better research model. D. Questioning Watson-Parris's research results.
35. What does the underlined word "eliminating" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Comparing. B. Removing. C. Monitoring. D. Distinguishing.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you feel like you are not living the life you want? It's your life, so why does it seem like you are not in control? Below are some important lessons for life.
You are constantly comparing yourself to others.
36 It will mostly contribute to making you feel more miserable (痛苦的) because it causes feelings of envy and low self-respect. Comparing yourself to others is absurd because we all have our own unique paths to follow. 37 This will help you grow and constantly improve yourself.
You are afraid of change.
Why are most people afraid of change? Mostly because we fear the unknown. We feel secure in our comfort zones, and anything that threatens this serenity (平静) is seen as problematic. But it does not have to be this way. 38 It teaches us to adapt to circumstances we never knew we could. It helps us discover ourselves. Accepting change also helps us to be more flexible in life. This will afford you more possibilities and opportunities in your life.
You are wasting time on things you cannot control.
The painful truth is that there are many things that you cannot control in your life. 39 How do you stop wasting time on things that are out of your control? Start by determining what is within your control, such as your attitude, goals and decisions. Then think about what you cannot control, such as other people's values and how they behave. 40
Putting these important lessons for life into practice will surely improve your life.
A. As Mark Twain said, comparison is the death of joy.
B. In fact, being able to accept change has many benefits.
C. Spend more time on the things that are within your control.
D. Change must happen, so you might as well learn to enjoy it.
E. A better approach would be to compare your current self to your future self.
F. The information you are using as a basis for your judgement is likely inaccurate.
G. The sooner you acknowledge that fact the closer you get to living the life you want.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I've just read an interesting article. It says children of 41 mothers are less likely to stick to traditional roles of male 42 and female homemakers. Kids whose mothers have jobs 43 have a better chance of success later in life.
When I was five, illness 44 me of my father. To support my family, my mum 45 a full-time job, which included long days. She 46 my two sisters and me on her own. My mum always tells me, "Being 47 is important. Why? Because if you can organize your own life and make your own decisions, you can 48 almost anything." At 15, I got my first part-time job; later I 49 three more. As I got older, I realized the 50 of depending on myself and the amazing feeling I had when I 51 to get things I wanted by myself and I didn't have to 52 other people.
Watching my mother 53 in order to bring home the bacon, I gradually developed a 54 attitude to work. That was why I was able to 55 myself through four years of college on my own. Luckily I received a full-time job offer 56 before I got my degree certificate. I am 57 to my mum. She has given me so much love and 58 over the years. She has been making great efforts to 59 us a happy life. She is the greatest 60 for me to look up to.
41. A. working B. annoying C. single D. reliable
42. A. peacemakers B. breadwinners C. hosts D. successes
43. A. obviously B. constantly C. probably D. fortunately
44. A. rid B. convinced C. reminded D. robbed
45. A. landed B. rejected C. offered D. abandoned
46. A. tolerated B. raised C. educated D. influenced
47. A. independent B. confident C. intelligent D. resolute
48. A. ignore B. bear C. attain D. transform
49. A. got back B. got through C. took over D. took on
50. A. secret B. beauty C. difficulty D. necessity
51. A. intended B. struggled C. managed D. prepared
52. A. please B. inquire C. detect D. bother
53. A. compromise B. beg C. insist D. labor
54. A. complex B. relaxing C. positive D. general
55. A. walk B. put C. carry D. clasp
56. A. yet B. still C. even D. again
57. A. faithful B. close C. beneficial D. grateful
58. A. support B. mercy C. amazement D. comfort
59. A. award B. guarantee C. promise D. serve
60. A. model B. monitor C. talent D. treasure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From the first day I arrived in Kunming, I had my understanding of China 61 (change). Far from being narrow-minded and hostile to 62 (foreign), people came up to talk to me the first time I went out on the street. It happened to be all in Chinese, so I didn't understand much, 63 it did cause me to rethink my assumptions.
As my Chinese improved, this continued throughout my stay, from my landlord introducing me to people who could help us learn Chinese to 64 (get) to know the couple who ran a noodle restaurant nearby.
If you're interested in other people, their culture, and their language, they'll be 65 (friend) to you. China isn't 66 exception. Don't judge a country by its media coverage, 67 (especial) some Western media, which have much prejudice.
I saw a very different kind of China with my own eyes. Kunming, 68 I lived for most of my stay, wasn't much polluted. I had frank conversations with Chinese people about almost everything. Still China is developing, but the economic 69 (grow) means that most people 70 (see) their living standards improve rapidly in the last 20 years. People I spoke with were generally optimistic about the future.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Knowing you're interested in Chinese food, what glad I am! At your request, I'd like recommend tomato and egg noodles since you are the new learner. Firstly, this is a traditional Chinese dish preparing easily. Also, it takes less time and is popular with people who are very busy to cook a big meal. Most importantly, you can learn about its name that it mainly needs three kind of materials- noodles, tomatoes and eggs. Both of them are easy to come by in our daily life. You can find out detailed cooking steps on the blog I post the other day. Hope you can make it!
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你所在的社区举办了一系列趣味活动，请你写一篇活动报道，主要内容包括：
1. 活动目的—建立和谐的人际关系，增强邻里之间的关系；
2. 具体活动-文明友谊接力赛；一起烘焙；歌曲比赛；
3. 活动意义。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。


参考答案
听力：1~5 BCCBA 6~10 BCCAA 11~15 BCBBC 16~20 AABAC
阅读理解：A篇 ACB B篇 BDAA C篇 DCCB D篇 CBAB
七选五：AEBGC
完形填空：41-45 ABCDA 46-50 BACDB 51-55 CDDCB 56-60 CDABA
语法填空：
61. changed考查非谓语动词 62. foreigners考查词性转换 63. but考查连词 64. getting 65. friendly
66. an考查冠词 67. especially考查词性转换 68. where 69. growth 70. have seen
改错：1. what→how 2. like后加to 3. the→a 4. preparing→prepared 5. very→too
6. about→from 7. kind→kinds 8. Both→All 9. 删除out 10. post→posted
Dear neighbours,
Aiming to build harmonious interpersonal network and strengthen the bond between neighbors, our community held chains of fun activities on March tenth.
Firstly, civilised friendship relay race held in the Community Stadium promoted the harmonious relationship between communities and neighbors and further revealed the spirit of sports. Then, we baked together in the community bakery, which built a close bond with neighbors. Additionally, there was a song contest for community residents, where participants are encouraged to sing a song they like at random. All the residents in the community spoke highly of the activity, finding it enjoyable and meaningful.
The activity not only provides a chance for residents to exercise ,but also makes the community more united.
Li Hua
68. wherKnowing you're interested in Chinese food, what→how glad I am! At your request, I'd like to recommend tomato and egg noodles since you are the→ a new learner. Firstly, this is a traditional Chinese dish preparing→prepared easily. Also, it takes less time and^ popular with people who are very→ too busy to cook a big a meal. Most importantly, you can learn about→from its name that it mainly needs three kind→kinds of materials-noodles, tomatoes and eggs. Both →All of them are easy to come by in our daily life. You can find out detailed cooking steps on the blog I post→posted the other day. Hope you can make it!
A篇 这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了阿肯色州7月份的几场音乐会。
21题详解
细节理解题。根据第一场音乐会介绍中的“Brick Fields of Northwest Arkansas have won the hearts of blues fans from all over the world. Their sound has been called a cleansing of the soul' by the Nashville Blues Society.（阿肯色州西北部的Brick Fields赢得了来自世界各地的布鲁斯迷的心。他们的声音被纳什维尔布鲁斯协会称为“灵魂的净化”。）”可知，第一场音乐会是关于布鲁斯音乐的，根据其举办时间“July 2, 7:30 pm-8:30pm（7月2日下午7:30-8:30）”可知，观众在7月2日能欣赏布鲁斯音乐。故选A项。
22题详解
推理判断题。根据第三场音乐会介绍中的“The Stax Music Academy Alumni Band was formed in 2013 to keep the Academy's former students-nowv in college-in the 'Stax Music Academy family'（Stax音乐学院校友会乐队成立于2013年，目的是将学院以前的学生现在都在上大学——留在‘Stax音乐学院大家庭’中）”可知，该学院成立乐队是为了增强和毕业生的联系。故选C项。
23题详解
细节理解题。根据第四场音乐会介绍中的“FOLKSINGER WILLI CARLISLE（民间歌手 Willi Carlisle）”和“Willi Carlisle has poetry in describing songs passed down through the generations as the most precious cultural commodity（有价值的事物）（Willi Carlisle用诗歌来形容一代又一代流传下来的歌曲是最珍贵的文化商品）”可知，该音乐会以民间音乐为主。故选B项。
B篇 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过节食的方式减肥，但健康也因此受到影响。她的排球教练为此很担心，找她谈话并劝诫，但作者不但不理解反而很生气。后来作者意识到自己的行为伤害了教练并给她写了一封道歉信。教练收到信后很开心，她们现在成了很好的朋友。
24. B 推理判断题 根据第一段中的“…which thrilled me，and I even grew to love the tiredness…”可知，减肥见效后作者很高兴，甚至喜欢上了减肥时的疲惫感，故satisfied符合语境。
25. D 事实细节题 根据第二段内容可知，两人经常吵架的原因是作者不顾教练百般劝解，执意要节食。
26. A 事实细节题 根据文章第二段作者对教练的种种不理解和第三段中的“I realized then that I had ruined my senioryear by being disrespectful， and I had probably ruined hers as well.”可看出，作者认识到自己的所作所为伤害了自己的教练，因此感到歉疚才给教练写信。
27. A 主旨大意题 作者想要通过节食的方式减肥，她的教练发现后经常劝诫她，但作者的一意孤行让两个人矛盾加深。后来作者认识到了自己的行为给教练带来了伤害，及时修补两人之间的关系，两个人成了好朋友。由此可知，Unexpected Friendship符合文意。
C篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同颜色的桦尺蛾数量随外界环境变化而变化，体现了“物竞天择”这一自然法则。
28. D 事实细节题 根据第二段中的“Natural selection usually takes hundreds or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth，this process occurred comparatively quickly.”以及第三段中的“Within 50 years，the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored.”可知，桦尺蛾所经历的自然选择过程只用了50年的时间，远比一般情况下要快，耗时更短，故D项正确。
29. C 事实细节题 根据第三段的前两句可知，工业革命之前，浅色桦尺蛾能更好地融入浅色树皮环境，相应地，深色桦尺蛾更容易被发现，故C项正确。
30. C 推理判断题 由文章的三、四段可知，不同颜色桦尺蛾的数量总是根据周围环境的变化而变化。由此可推断，如果煤烟再次使树木变黑，那么深色桦尺蛾的数量将会再次增加，故C项正确。
31. B 推理判断题 本文开宗明义，首段点出文章主题natural selection（自然选择；物竞天择）；下文则通过英国桦尺蛾的不同种类在不同时期的种群数量变化之例阐释了这一自然法则，结合第一段最后一句“The history of the peppered moth is an example of the natural selection process.”可推知，B项（适者生存）正确。
D篇
主题语境：人与自然—环境保护
本文是说明文。燃烧化石燃料产生的气溶胶虽然对人体和环境有害，但也能帮助地球“降温”。研究人员希望通过收集更多的大气数据来弄清楚人类停止使用化石燃料后气温变化的确切数据。
32. C。理解具体信息。根据第一段可知，燃烧化石燃料产生的气溶胶不仅使全球气候变暖，还影响人类健康。但这些气溶胶也可以降低大气温度。目前，气象研究员仍不清楚气溶胶的降温作用有多大，也不能判断全球停用化石燃料将会对气候产生怎样的影响。
33. B。理解具体信息。根据第三段中的Smaller droplets are brighter than bigger ones, which whitens the cloud, causing it to reflect more of the sun's energy back into space 可知，云滴体积越小，云就越白，也更容易将太阳光反射到太空中，从而有利于降低大气温度。
34. A。推断。根据倒数第二段中的More atmospheric data, they say, will help them get closer to concrete numbers可知，更多的大气数据有助于气象研究员得出确切的结果。由此可推知，他们现在很有可能在收集更多的大气数据。
35. B。理解词汇。根据本段中的take existing aerosols out of the air可知，如果我们清除了空气中现存的气溶胶，但同时还继续燃烧化石燃料的话，就会导致气温升高，Watson-Parris认为这对人类来说无疑是双重打击。故划线词意为“清除”。