2023湖南省长郡中学高一下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

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2022-2023-2长郡中学高一下期末考试
英语
时量：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Artwork Competition — Create a Character!
Are you an artist? This may be the perfect competition held by Teen Ink to check your creative abilities. We want you to create your own character. You must create a backstory for the character and give it a name. Your character must be completely original.
Rules:
● You must be a teen (aged 13—19) with a Teen Ink account (账户) to enter
● No improper content.
● Submissions (提交的材料) must relate to the topic (Create a Character).
● The competition is open to all the individuals. Character must be your own — The character you create must be entirely your own idea and design. The backstory and name must be original as well. Ideas that do not belong to you will not be considered for the competition.
Guidelines and Details:
● All art types are accepted.
● There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit
● Give your character a name and backstory. Leave these in the “Author’s Comments” section of your submission.
How to Submit:
● Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically (自动) considered for the competition. See our submission guidelines for more information.
● Include the words “Character Competition” in your submission’s title.
● Submit your reviews to the “Artwork” category on our site. Select the art type connected with what you are submitting. Hand in your entries before March 1, 2023.
Prizes:
Winners and honorable mentions will have their characters published in Teen Ink magazine. The overall winner will receive a $25 Amazon gift card.
1. What is the purpose of holding the artwork competition?
A. To increase the sales of Teen Ink. B. To test the teenagers’ artistic creativity.
C. To attract people of all ages to the activity. D. To praise the young artists for their talents
2. What rules should the participants follow?
A. The works should be a team effort. B. The participants should be under 13.
C. A common account should be shared. D. The content should correspond to the subject.
3. How will the participants submit their works?
A. By handing in entries before April 10.
B. By submitting works on the webpage.
C. By posting entries to the magazine directly.
D By sending in works titled “Character Competition”.
B
Oprah Winfrey is recognized as one of the most powerful females in the world. An outstanding TV hostess, and an influential producer are among the titles she is known as.
She was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on January 29, 1954. As a child, she lived with poverty and mistreatment. Although she was not offered everything on a silver platter, she still overcame her childhood struggles and made her mark in the world.
How did Oprah Winfrey overcome the setbacks and build her career from zero? It started when she was 19 and won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty contest. This was her stepping stone towards her journey to work in the media. She started her career as a radio and TV hostess in Nashville. Then she moved to Baltimore, Maryland, where she hosted a local talk show called People Are Talking. This show gained popularity and this eventually led to her own national talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which ran for 25 seasons and was the highest-rated talk show in the history of television.
Oprah has a heart of gold and has been a supporter of many causes over the course of her career, such as education, health, and wellness. She has used her platform to inspire, teach, and entertain people worldwide through her charity organization known as the Oprah Winfrey Network. She also took a step for the education of girls in South Africa by starting the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy.
Oprah Winfrey’s life is a true example of where being strong and determined can lead you. She has shown people that if you put your mind to something, you can achieve it. The lesson we can learn from her is that no matter how hard things get, you can always find the strength to keep going and reach your goals.
4. What was Oprah’s childhood like?
A. She was born with a silver spoon. B. She struggled with health problems.
C. She went through a lot of hardships. D. She grew up in an easy atmosphere.
5. What was the first step of Oprah’s career?
A. Winning a beauty contest. B. Launching a local talk show.
C. Running a national talk show. D. Hosting a radio and TV programme.
6. Which of the following can best describe Oprah?
A. Warm-hearted but impatient. B. Strong-willed and generous.
C. Narrow-minded but talented. D. Easy-tempered and ambitious.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A Oprah Winfrey — One of the Most Powerful Men in the World
B. Oprah Winfrey — A Female Legend of Media Broadcasting
C. The Oprah Winfrey Show — A Platform to Inspire People
D. The Oprah Winfrey Show — The Highest Rated Talk Show
C
Mindful eating is maintaining an in-the-moment awareness of the food and drink you put into your body. For many of us, our busy daily lives often make mealtimes rushed things. We find ourselves eating in the car going to work, at the desk in front of a computer screen, or parked on the couch watching TV. We eat mindlessly, taking food down regardless of whether we’re still hungry or not. In fact, we often eat for other reasons instead of hunger — to satisfy emotional needs, to free from stress, or deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, anxiety, loneliness, or boredom. Mindful eating is the opposite of this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.
Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect, always eating the right things, or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again. And it’s not about establishing strict rules for which foods you have to include or avoid in your diet. Rather, it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for, cook, serve, and eat your food.
While mindfulness isn’t for everyone, many people find it worth trying. By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat, you can learn to enjoy both your food and the experience of eating. It can keep you full with less food, and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future. It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits.
To practice mindfulness, you need to participate in an activity with total awareness. In the case of mindful eating, it’s important to eat with all your attention rather than on multitasking (reading, watching TV, daydreaming, etc). When your attention moves away, gently bring it back to your food and the experience of cooking, serving, and eating.
8. Which belongs to mindful eating?
A. Eating while driving. B. Eating as quickly as possible.
C. Eating to fill emotional needs. D. Eating only to satisfy physical hunger.
9. What does the underlined word “on-the-go” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Rudely. B. Crazily. C. Irregularly. D. Hurriedly.
10. What’s the author’s attitude towards mindful eating?
A. It’s a trend in weight loss. B. It’s worthwhile to have a go.
C. It’s a universal rule of diet. D. It’s helpful to keep energetic.
11. What might be talked about in the following paragraph?
A. The benefits of mindful eating. B. The practice of mindful eating.
C. The reasons for mindful eating. D. The spread of mindful eating.
D
Artificial cloud technology could soon be used in the fight against environmental damage. Researchers in Australia have used machines to spray salt water into the air, and noted that the reflective qualities of these artificial clouds helped protect the Great Barrier Reef from sun bleaching (漂白).
The so-called cloud brightening project works by thickening existing clouds and reducing sunlight exposure to protect the reef. No artificial chemicals make it into the clouds in the sky. When water droplets steam, they leave only small salt crystals that float up into the atmosphere. This provides a larger surface area for water vapor to be liquids around them, forming thicker clouds.
The past two years have seen uncommon forest fires and droughts triggered by the climate change emergency, meaning that widespread use of this technique may become more commonplace if carbon emissions arc not checked.
Drones, unmanned flying vehicles, have also entered the cloud controlling picture, used in the United Arab Emirates, a country desperately in need of more rainfall, to deliver electrical shocks to clouds in order to facilitate rainfall. Zapping (击打) clouds to produce a positive or negative charge within clouds can cause water droplets to form together. The greater the charge, the larger the droplets, which is vital for ensuring that as much rain as possible reaches the surface before steam gives off all the hard-won moisture (水分).
Even if one waves aside climate change, global waterfall shortages are still an increasing concern, given the planet’s booming population. More people means more mouths to feed, and the demand for water in agriculture for animals and crops further increases urgency for cloud controlling technology. An increase in rain also leads to positive economic growth in many countries, as large harvests stabilize financial systems and living standards in all climates.
Increasingly, scientists are looking to our skies in providing solutions to protect our environment. Cloud controlling technologies have promise. However, for this field of science to become practical economically, more research needs to be done in making this process a practicable option in protecting our environment.
12. How does the cloud brightening project work?
A. By creating more water vapor which later becomes liquids.
B. By spraying chemicals and small salt crystals into the atmosphere.
C. By expanding the water vapor arca and blocking more sunlight.
D. By steaming water droplets to provide a larger surface area.
13. What do we know about drones from paragraph 4?
A. They spread larger water droplets.
B. They charge clouds to promote rain.
C. They will be popularized in dry years.
D. They control the movements of clouds.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Problems of overpopulation.
B. Solutions to waterfall shortage.
C. Urgency of economic development.
D. Additional benefit of cloud technology.
15. Which aspect does the author think should be improved?
A. High cost.
B. Research method.
C. Environmental impact.
D. Complicated process.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Family Link has lots of advantages that may be favored by parents. Inside the app, you can create Google accounts for your children, sharing information like their names and birth dates. ___16___, the device immediately requires you to log in and install the Family Link app onto the device so it can be monitored.
____17____On the parent’s phone, by tapping on the child’s account profile you can follow a child’s location. You can also approve or reject apps that a child is trying to download. So if you’re worried about an addictive game, simply block the apps.
Parents can also use Family Link to create restrictions for how children browse the web. You can turn on a filter (过滤器) that blocks bad websites, though Google acknowledges the filter is imperfect and some unpleasant sites may get past it. ___18___, you can also require the child to get permission for each site visited, blocking the ones you disapprove of.
___19___, which can be used to set limits for how long a child can use a phone each day. For instance, you could give the child three hours on weekdays. You can also schedule regular bedtime hours that lockdown the device at specific times.
Caroline Knorr, the parenting editor of Common Sense Media, which evaluates content and products for families, applauded the screen time feature, noting the difficulty of getting children to put down their phones. ___20___“It’s not a set-it-and-forget-it thing where parents think,” she said. “We’re all still learning this technology, and life is very unpredictable.”
A. For a more picky approach
B. It is going to solve all my problems
C. Then when your child logs in to a phone
D. From there, Family Link is a breeze to use
E. Parents will probably love a feature called screen time
F. But sticking with time limits and schedules would be complicated
G. Parents can also get a weekly report to see how often a child is using a certain app
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I recently spent a week on the Greek island of Ikaria with my partner, exploring the secrets of the locals’ healthy and happy lifestyle. It was a (n) ____21____ break from the fast-paced world, and we learned a lot about the ____22____ of slowing down and enjoying life.
One of the first things we ____23____ was how relaxed life was on Ikaria. Unlike the ____24____ rush of modern society, the locals took things ____25____, enjoying long meals with friends and family, taking a ____26____ in the afternoon, and spending lots of time outdoors. While they worked hard when they ____27____ to, they also knew how to take breaks and ____28____ the simple pleasures of life.
Food played a big role in their healthy lifestyle, too. The island’s Mediterranean diet ____29____ fresh vegetables, fruits, and seafood instead of red meat and carbohydrate (碳水化合物), and we enjoyed delicious meals at local restaurants. The amount was small, but the flavors were ____30____, and we noticed that the locals ____31____ to snack on healthy options like nuts and seeds.
Exercise was also a big part of life for the native people on Ikaria. The hilly landscape provided plenty of opportunities for ____32____, and we even joined a group of locals for a morning yoga session on the beach.
____33____, our time on Ikaria taught us the importance of prioritizing (优先) self-care and taking things at a lower ____34____. While we may not be able to ____35____ the exact lifestyle of the locals back home, we can certainly include some of their habits into our own lives.
21. A. embarrassing B. refreshing C. surprising D. creative
22. A. disadvantages B. philosophies C. functions D. intentions
23. A. noticed B. confirmed C. recorded D. assumed
24. A. ordinary B. sudden C. constant D. illegal
25. A. seriously B. slowly C. quickly D. personally
26. A. rest B. lesson C. ride D. leave
27. A. expected B. refused C. managed D. needed
28. A. appreciate B. accept C. provide D. promote
29. A. makes out B. stirs up C. focuses on D. adapts to
30. A. light B. rich C. hot D. salty
31. A. tended B. used C. promised D. decided
32. A. boating B. skating C. hiking D. driving
33. A. Besides B. Therefore C. However D. Overall
34. A. process B. conduct C. amount D. pace
35. A. admire B. copy C. balance D. measure
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou ___36___(refer) to the strengths of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and pointed out that there is great potential for future advances if scientists make good use of these strengths. Their efforts to conduct research in both fields may ___37___(final) pay off. A good example ___38___(illustrate) this point is the discovery of qinghaosu in 1972, which was intended as ___39___effective treatment for malaria. The Chinese herb qinghao, from ___40___qinghaosu comes, has been used to cure diseases for almost 2,000 years. However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments. By then, the fight against malaria ___41___(achieve) only limited success. Since the discovery of qinghaosu, the ___42___(survive) rate of malaria patients has increased by around 30%.
___43___her broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, Tu might never have discovered qinghaosu. It is important that scientists draw on the wisdom of both fields. With ___44___(sufficiency) research, many more medicine discoveries like qinghaosu are likely ___45___(make).
第三节 课文默写填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
46. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, _____________ the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. (根据句意填空)
47. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must _____________ and leave room for doubt. (根据句意填空)
48. When we are in low spirits, we may _____________ things that give us comfort and a sense of security. (根据句意填空)
49. _____________ sorrow, she jumps into his grave. (根据句意填空)
50. However, _____________. In his late twenties, Beethoven suffered one of the worst possible twists for a musician. (根据句意填空)
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部正在征稿，主题是“音乐的力量”，请你分享你的故事。内容包括：
1. 你对音乐的体验和感受；
2. 音乐如何给你鼓舞或激励。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
The Power of Music
The school English club is calling on all the students to contribute their best essays themed the power of music.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I sometimes allowed them to walk to and from school alone if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a small friend followed them home after school. This friend had short legs and long floppy ears, with a furry coat and tiny spots across her nose. She was the cutest puppy I had ever seen and my girls begged me to keep her.
She was not more than twelve weeks old. She had no identifying marks of any sort. I didn’t know what to do. I thought about running an ad in the lost and found but I really didn’t want to. It would break the kids’ hearts if someone should show up. Besides, her owners should have watched her more closely, I thought.
By the end of the week she was part of our family. She was very clever and good with the girls. The Following week something told me to check the lost and found section in the local paper. One particular ad caught my attention and my heart sank at what I read. Someone was searching for a lost puppy near our grade school. They sounded desperate. My hand shook. I could not ask myself to pick up the phone.
Instead, I pretend I hadn’t seen the ad. I quickly put the paper aside and tried to ignore it. I never say anything about it to the kids or my husband.
By now we had named the puppy. She looked like a Molly so we called her Molly. She followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, she was one step behind them. When they did housework she was there to help.
There was only one problem with this perfect dog: my conscience (良心) was bothering me. I knew in my heart I had to call that number and see if our Molly was the puppy they were desperately looking for.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the phone.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Opening the door, I saw a woman with a little girl sitting in a small wheelchair.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________