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    精品解析:吉林省长春市公主岭一中,榆树实验等多校2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题(解析版)

    精品解析:吉林省长春市公主岭一中,榆树实验等多校2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题(解析版)第1页
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    精品解析:吉林省长春市公主岭一中,榆树实验等多校2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题(解析版)

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    这是一份精品解析:吉林省长春市公主岭一中,榆树实验等多校2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题(解析版),共21页。
    高一期末英语试题
    注意事项:
    1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
    2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
    3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
    第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
    做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
    第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
    听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
    例:How much is the shirt?
    A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
    答案是C。
    1.What does the woman want the man to do?
    A.Ask John to call her. B.Call John to come back. C.Take her to the airport.
    2.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
    A.The man’s friend. B.A public service. C.A restaurant.
    3.What is the woman doing?
    A.She is designing bedrooms B.She is renting a house. C.She is selling a suit.
    4.Where is Anna probably?
    A.In a supermarket. B.At home. C.In a cinema.
    5.When can the man get his car?
    A.Tomorrow. B.In two days. C.In three days.
    第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
    听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
    听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
    6.What is the woman probably?
    A.A doctor. B.A patient. C.A nurse.
    7.What will the man do just after his leaving?
    A.Have a rest at home. B.Go to work as soon as possible. C.Return to the hospital regularly.
    听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
    8.Where does the conversation take place?
    A.In the woman’s house. B.In the man’s house. C.In a hotel.
    9.What is the woman going to do next?
    A.Give the man the water. B.Make an apology. C.Check a room.
    10.How does the man feel in the end?
    A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed. C.Surprised.
    听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
    11.Who is bright according to the man?
    A.His father. B.His younger sister. C.The woman.
    12.What does the man think of his father?
    A.He is funny. B.He is helpful. C.He is hardworking.
    13.What may attract the woman?
    A.Raising animals. B.Solving puzzles. C.Historical novels.
    听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
    14.What is the man probably doing?
    A.Sharing his school life. B.Conducting an interview. C.Discussing his work experience.
    15.What does Aileen think is the reason for her success?
    A.Belief. B.Effort. C.Talent.
    16.What did Aileen do on weekends when she was at college?
    A.She worked part-time. B.She took some online courses. C.She went to different lectures.
    17.What does Aileen plan to do?
    A.Hire the man. B.Visit her teacher. C.Start a new industry.
    听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
    18.When will the students get to the playground?
    A.At 10:00. B.At 11:00. C.At 10:30.
    19.What will the students do on the top of the hill?
    A.Have a picnic lunch. B.Draw some pictures. C.Play some games.
    20.How will the speaker come back?
    A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bus.
    第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
    第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
    阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    A
    Newsweek has released a list of 100 famous spots in its latest issue and says all of them may not exist in the future because of various reasons.
    Kauai, Hawaii, U. S.
    Kauai is the oldest and fourth largest of Hawaiian Islands. Most of this island lies in the mist (雾 气) all year round. The thick forests are home to the colorful Hawaiian honeycreeper, an endangered bird species. Even the tiny fall or rise of the sea level will cause large changes on the island, which put the island’s ecosystem under severe stress.
    Caribbean Sea
    Four types of endangered sea turtles (龟) live here. The rising sea levels and the pollution of the oceans can destroy the beach, where the female sea turtles lay eggs. Unlike other animals, the sex of a sea turtle depends on the temperature at which the turtle hatches (孵化). The temperature for female sea turtles to hatch is above 31℃, and male below 27.7℃. Scientists worry the cut of male turtles can threaten the species’ survival.
    Recife, Brazil
    Recife in northeastern Brazil is a business center and also a great destination of tourists, who visit here for the sunny weather and white-sand beaches. Due to its nonstop coastal development, now Recife is highly weak to the threats of rising sea levels, hurricanes and storms. The reduce of coral reefs (珊瑚礁) also exposes the whole city to flooding.
    Chicago, Illinois, U. S.
    Since founded in the 1830s, the “Windy City” Chicago has become the center of transportation, industry, finance and entertainment in the Midwest of U.S. Nowadays, more than 2.6 million residents live in the modern area, making it the third most populous city in U.S. In the coming years, Chicago will suffer from gradual increase in heat waves and flooding.
    1. What is the climate like on Kauai?
    A. Sunny. B. Dry. C. Foggy. D. Changeable.
    2. What can cause the unequal rate between male and female turtles?
    A. The global warming.
    B. The rising sea levels.
    C. The gradual disappearance of their habitats.
    D. The female sea turtles stopping laying eggs.
    3. What do the four places have in common?
    A. They are home to honeycreepers.
    B. They are endangered coastal areas.
    C. They are faced with overpopulation.
    D. They are free from human activities.
    【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章列举了四个著名景点的名单,并表示由于各种原因,这些景点未来可能都不复存在。
    【1题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第二段“Kauai is the oldest and fourth largest of Hawaiian Islands. Most of this island lies in the mist (雾气) all year round.(考艾岛是夏威夷群岛中最古老、面积第四大的岛屿。这个岛的大部分地区终年笼罩在雾中)”可知,Kauai气候特点是多雾。故选C。
    【2题详解】
    推理判断题。根据第三段“Four types of endangered sea turtles (龟) live here. The rising sea levels and the pollution of the oceans can destroy the beach, where the female sea turtles lay eggs.(这里生活着四种濒临灭绝的海龟。海平面上升和海洋污染会破坏海滩,而海滩是雌海龟产卵的地方)”以及“The temperature for female sea turtles to hatch is above 31℃, and male below 27.7℃.(雌海龟的孵化温度在31℃以上,雄海龟在27.7℃以下”可知,海平面的上升及海洋污染会破坏海滩,而雌雄海龟会的孵化温度不同。由此推知,全球变暖导致气温变化,进而影响海龟的产卵率。故选A。
    【3题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第二段“Even the tiny fall or rise of the sea level will cause large changes on the island, which put the island’s ecosystem under severe stress.(即使是海平面的微小下降或上升也会引起岛上的巨大变化,这将使岛上的生态系统面临严重压力)”,第三段“Scientists worry the cut of male turtles can threaten the species’ survival.(科学家担心雄性海龟的死亡会威胁到这个物种的生存)”,第四段“The reduce of coral reefs (珊瑚礁) also exposes the whole city to flooding.(珊瑚礁的减少也使整个城市暴露在洪水之中)”以及第五段“In the coming years, Chicago will suffer from gradual increase in heat waves and flooding.(在未来几年,芝加哥将遭受逐渐增加的热浪和洪水)”可知,这些景点均在沿海地区,且因各种原因而濒临灭绝。故选B。
    B
    Born in Beijing in 1981, Qi Haonan graduated from the capital’s North China University of Technology in 2004, majoring in mechanical automation. Qi said that when he heard there was a job opening at the Palace Museum, he decided to apply, adding that visiting the museum’s gallery of clocks built up his decision. “These timepieces opened my mind to clocks. They are mechanical wonders combining technology and art,” he said.
    In 2005, he joined the cultural relics restoration department at the Palace Museum, becoming a student of Wang, the museum’s third generation watchmaker. “In the beginning, everything in the palace was fresh to me. It made me excited to even think about repairing old-fashioned clocks,” Qi said. But reality soon dampened his passion. There is ad rule for apprentices: For the first year, you can look, but don’t touch.
    From 8 am to 5 pm every day for that first year, Qi checked and took apart watches and clocks collected from friends to practice finding problems. It took him a year of this repetitive routine before he could finally get his hands on the small French clock in the museum. “It is ad job that requires extreme patience, because clock restoration is a very long and careful process,” he said, adding that it is clear evidence of the old saying “haste makes waste” and, in this case, haste can do a great deal of damage.
    Although the old clock repairing techniques at the Palace Museum were listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014, it was a little-known skill and in short supply of career practitioners before 2016, when three-part TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City, made the profession known to the nation. Qi didn’t expect that the documentary would make that profession cause a stir. As a result, in 2017, Qi got two apprentices and Wang got three.
    4. What eventually made Qi decide to apply for the job?
    A. The clock’s unique design.
    B. His desire to broaden his eyes.
    C. The combination between technology and art.
    D. His paying a visit to the clocks’ gallery in the museum.
    5. Which can best replace the underlined word “dampened” in paragraph 2?
    A. changed B. improved C. weakened D. controlled
    6. What can we learn from paragraph 3?
    A. Repairing clocks is a demanding job. B. Qi had no access to any clock in 2005.
    C. Qi often repaired clocks with his friends. D. Damages never happen during repairing.
    7. How did Qi feel about the documentary?
    A. Curios B. Appreciative C. Disapproving D. Uncaring.
    【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
    【解析】
    【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫文物修复师齐浩男从事文物修复工作的个人经历以及感悟。
    【4题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第一段“Qi said that when he heard there was a job opening at the Palace Museum, he decided to apply, adding that visiting the museum’s gallery of clocks built up his decision.(齐说,当他听说故宫博物院有一个工作机会时,他决定申请,并补充说,参观故宫的钟表画廊使他下定了决心)”可知,参观博物馆的钟表陈列室让齐浩男最终决定申请这份工作。故选D。
    【5题详解】
    词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“There is ad rule for apprentices: For the first year, you can look, but don’t touch.”可知,对学徒有一条规定:第一年,你可以看,但不能摸,结合but表示转折,说明学徒第一年不能接触文物这削弱了他的热情,故划线词意思是“削弱”。故选C。
    【6题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第三段“From 8 am to 5 pm every day for that first year, Qi checked and took apart watches and clocks collected from friends to practice finding problems. It took him a year of this repetitive routine before he could finally get his hands on the small French clock in the museum.(第一年,每天早上8点到下午5点,他都会检查和拆开从朋友那里收集来的手表和钟表,练习发现问题。他花了一年的时间重复这样的程序,才最终得到了博物馆里的那个法国小时钟)”以及“It is ad job that requires extreme patience, because clock restoration is a very long and careful process(这是一项需要极大耐心的工作,因为修复时钟是一个非常漫长而谨慎的过程)”可知,修理钟表是一项要求很高的工作。故选A。
    【7题详解】
    推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although the old clock repairing techniques at the Palace Museum were listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014, it was a little-known skill and in short supply of career practitioners before 2016, when three-part TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City, made the profession known to the nation. Qi didn’t expect that the documentary would make that profession cause a stir. As a result, in 2017, Qi got two apprentices and Wang got three.(尽管2014年,故宫博物院的古钟修理技术被列为国家级非物质文化遗产,但在2016年之前,这是一项鲜为人知的技能,职业从业者供不应求。2016年,三集电视纪录片《故宫大师》让这一职业为全国所知。他没有想到这部纪录片会让这个行业引起轰动。结果,2017年,齐有两个徒弟,王有三个徒弟)”可推知,这部纪录片让更多的人加入这个行业,推测小齐欣赏这部纪录片。故选B。
    C
    In the United States and other countries, schoolchildren have long learned from one kind of world map. It is called the Mercator projection. This version of map is more than 450 years old. Gerardus Mercator, a European mapmaker, designed it for the purpose of helping sailors and ships on the high seas.
    But map experts say the Mercator projection should not be used in schools. They say it does not correctly show the sizes of countries and continents. For example, Mercator maps make Greenland appear bigger than China. In fact, China is about four times larger than Greenland.
    Now, school officials in Massachusetts are replacing the Mercator map with the Peters projection. German historian Arno Peters worked on the projection in the 1970s. Peters’ aim was to fix Mercator’s problems with sizes.
    Seeing a Peters map for the first time can be a strange experience. Land masses may look stretched (拉伸的) compared to how they look on the Mercator s and some other world maps.
    Every map has its purpose. At first, the main purpose of Gerardus Mercator’s map was to help sailors get across the open seas without getting lost. When the Mercator map is used for other purposes than navigating (航行), such as on classroom walls as a representation of the real world, that’s like using a telephone to brush your teeth. The aim of the Peters projection was to show all countries, all regions, all continents, at their own actual sizes.
    The Mercator and Peters projections are just two of many kinds of world maps that may hang in school classrooms. Many public schools in China, for example, use a map that shows East Asia near the center. It is human nature to view one’s own place near the center of the world. Mercator himself put Germany—his adopted homeland—near the middle of his map.
    Maps are powerful tools. And the map from which students learn about the world can make a big difference in their understanding of others.
    8. Why is the Mercator projection said to be unfit for school use?
    A. It was designed too long ago. B. It can’t provide exact information.
    C. It doesn’t suit the changing world. D. It only shows the position of the seas.
    9. Why did Arno Peters create a new map?
    A. To correct the mistakes in the Mercator map. B. To help students learn about geography.
    C. To take the place of the Mercator map. D. To compete with the Mercator map.
    10. What makes the maps of Mercator and Peters so different?
    A. Different characters of their makers. B. Different realization of the world.
    C. Their different purposes. D. Their different times.
    11. What does the author think of the maps in schools?
    A. They should put one’s country in the center. B. They should be the most advanced ones.
    C They are the most important materials. D. They have a great effect on students.
    【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是说明文。在美国和其他国家,学龄儿童长期以来都学习麦卡托投影世界地图。但如今专家表示,这种地图不适合在学校使用,所以正在改用彼得斯投影地图代替麦卡托投影世界地图。文章主要分析了这两种地图的区别。
    【8题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第二段中“But map experts say the Mercator projection should not be used in schools. They say it does not correctly show the sizes of countries and continents.(但地图专家表示,这种麦卡托投影法不应该在学校使用。他们说,它没有正确地显示国家和大陆的大小)”可知,有人称麦卡托投影法不适合学校使用,这是因为它不能提供准确的信息。故选B。
    【9题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第二段中“But map experts say the Mercator projection should not be used in schools. They say it does not correctly show the sizes of countries and continents.(但地图专家表示,这种麦卡托投影法不应该在学校使用。他们说,它没有正确地显示国家和大陆的大小)”和第三段中“German historian Arno Peters worked on the projection in the 1970s. Peters’ aim was to fix Mercator’s problems with sizes.(德国历史学家阿诺·彼得斯(Arno Peters)在20世纪70年代研究了这个投影,他的目标是解决麦卡托地图上标识的大小不准确问题)”可知,Arno Peters制作了一幅新地图是为了更正麦卡托地图上的错误。故选A。
    【10题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第五段中“At first, the main purpose of Gerardus Mercator’s map was to help sailors get across the open seas without getting lost. ...The aim of the Peters projection was to show all countries, all regions, all continents, at their own actual sizes.(起初,杰拉杜斯·麦卡托地图的主要目的是帮助水手们穿越公海而不会迷路。……彼得斯投影的目的是显示所有国家,所有地区,所有大陆,自己的实际大小)”可知,Mercator地图和Peters地图的区别在于它们的不同目的,故选C。
    【11题详解】
    推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maps are powerful tools. And the map from which students learn about the world can make a big difference in their understanding of others.(地图是强大的工具。学生们从地图上了解世界,地图可以使他们对其他事物的理解发生巨大的变化。)”可知,作者认为学校的地图能帮助学生了解世界,也可以使他们对其他事物的理解发生巨大的变化,由此可推知,作者认为学校地图对学生有很大的影响。故选D。
    D
    A NASA-led international mission launched a radar (雷达) satellite from southern California. The satellite will be involved in a major project to research the world’s oceans, lakes and rivers.
    The satellite is called SWOT, short for Surface Water and Ocean Topography. It is designed to give scientists a never-before-seen view of the Earth’s water, which covers about 70 percent of the planet.
    About the size of a car, the satellite uses advanced microwave radar technology to collect detailed height and surface measurements of all bodies of water. The data will provide researchers with more information on the effects of climate change.
    Data will be taken from radar readings of the planet at least two times every 21 days. The information will help study ocean currents, predict the weather, and control freshwater supplies in areas with little rain.
    One major goal of the mission is to research how oceans absorb atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide (CO2) — the natural process that slows down temperatures and climate change.
    SWOT is designed to measure small differences in surface heights around smaller currents, where much of the oceans’ reduction of heat and carbon is believed to happen. And SWOT can do so with 10 times more accurate (精确的) details than existing technologies.
    The world’s oceans are estimated (估计) to have absorbed more than 90 percent of the extra heat trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere by human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. Studying how that happens will help climate scientists answer an important question: What is the turning point at which oceans start giving off, rather than absorbing, huge amounts of heat back into the atmosphere?
    The satellite will also be used to study the effects of rising ocean levels. And it will be able to measure all rivers wider than 100 meters, as well as more than 1 million lakes and bodies of water larger than 6.25 hectares.
    12. What will the data of the satellite help researchers do?
    A. Study the movement of fish. B. Increase freshwater supplies.
    C. Better learn about global warming. D. Count the number of sea creatures.
    13. What makes SWOT special compared with existing technologies?
    A. Its accuracy. B. Its size. C. Its speed. D. Its purpose.
    14. What might be a major concern according to paragraph 7?
    A. Ocean levels start to change. B. The sea starts to give off heat.
    C. Oceans will absorb extra heat. D. Greenhouse gas will increase.
    15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
    A. Exploring Oceans’ Effects On Climate B. Space Technology Used To Study The Earth
    C. Finding Out The Systems Of Water On The Earth D. Studying The Water Around The World From Space
    【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国宇航局发射了一颗雷达卫星参与一项研究世界海洋、湖泊和河流的重大项目。
    【12题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The data will provide researchers with more information on the effects of climate change.(这些数据将为研究人员提供有关气候变化影响的更多信息)”可知,卫星的数据将帮助研究人员更好地了解全球变暖。故选C。
    【13题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“And SWOT can do so with 10 times more accurate (精确的) details than existing technologies.(与现有技术相比,SWOT可以提供10倍以上的准确细节)”可知,与现有技术相比,SWOT的特别之处在于其精确度。故选A。
    【14题详解】
    细节理解题。根据第七段最后一句“Studying how that happens will help climate scientists answer an important question: What is the turning point at which oceans start giving off, rather than absorbing, huge amounts of heat back into the atmosphere?(研究这种情况是如何发生的将有助于气候科学家回答一个重要的问题:海洋开始释放而不是吸收大量热量回大气的转折点是什么?)”可知,根据第七段,海水开始散发热量可能是一个主要的关注点。故选B。
    【15题详解】
    主旨大意题。根据第一段“A NASA-led international mission launched a radar (雷达) satellite from southern California. The satellite will be involved in a major project to research the world’s oceans, lakes and rivers.(美国宇航局领导的一项国际任务在南加州发射了一颗雷达卫星。这颗卫星将参与一项研究世界海洋、湖泊和河流的重大项目)”可知,文章主要是讲美国宇航局发射了一颗雷达卫星参与一项研究世界海洋、湖泊和河流的重大项目。由此可知,Studying The Water Around The World From Space(从太空研究世界各地的水)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
    第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
    阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
    In general, foods that take longer to digest (消化) can help raise your body temperature and make you feel warmer. ____16____
    Drink Coffee
    One of the benefits to drinking coffee is the caffeine. Caffeine increases your metabolism (新陈代谢). ____17____ Iced coffee can be even better because it might have more caffeine. However, if you can’t give up the warm cup of coffee in your hands, you’ll still get the benefits from a hot cup of coffee.
    Eat Red Meat
    ____18____ Iron (铁) is an important mineral to help carry oxygen throughout your body. People with low iron may notice cold hands and feet or feel tired easily. Eating red meat can also supply vitamin B12, which contributes to healthy nerves and a strong immune system.
    Eat Sweet Potatoes
    Sweet potatoes and other root vegetables need more energy to move through the digestion process, which raises your body temperature. Sweet potatoes are high in vitamin A, vitamin C and potassium. They can add fiber and other nutrients to a warm winter meal. ____19____
    Drink Water
    A simple way to help your body stay warm in winter is to drink water. Water keeps your body functioning at its best and helps regulate your internal temperature. Dehydration (脱水) causes your core temperature to drop, which may lead to low body temperature. People are less likely to drink water when it’s cold outside because they don’t feel thirsty, according to Summit Medical Group. ____20____
    A. Many foods are delicious.
    B. Red meat is a good source of iron.
    C. It can raise your body temperature.
    D. Here are some ways to keep you warmer.
    E. Research shows sweet potatoes are also good for eye health.
    F. Whatever you eat will more or less have an effect on staying warm.
    G. You may want to carry a water bottle with you to serve as a reminder.
    【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. E 20. G
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种有助于保暖御寒的食物,并详细阐述了这些食物能够保持身体暖和的原因。
    【16题详解】
    上文“In general, foods that take longer to digest (消化) can help raise your body temperature and make you feel warmer.(一般来说,需要更长时间来消化的食物可以升高体温,让你感觉更温暖。)”指出需要更长时间来消化的食物会让人感觉暖和;在下文中作者详细介绍了4种御寒保暖的食物;由此可知,D选项“Here are some ways to keep you warmer.(这里有一些让你保暖的方法)”承上启下,交代了文章的主旨,符合语境。故选D。
    【17题详解】
    由小标题“Drink Coffee(喝咖啡)”可知本段主要阐述喝咖啡有助于体温升高、保暖;上文“One of the benefits to drinking coffee is the caffeine. Caffeine increases your metabolism (新陈代谢). (喝咖啡的好处之一是咖啡因。咖啡因能促进新陈代谢。)”阐述了咖啡因所带来的的益处——促进新陈代谢;C选项“It can raise your body temperature.(它可以提高你的体温。)”承接上文,说明新陈代谢可以提高体温,解释了喝咖啡能够保暖的原因,符合语境;选项中的代词It指代上文“increases your metabolism”。故选C。
    【18题详解】
    由小标题“Eat Red Meat (吃红肉)”可知本段主要阐述吃红肉有助于保暖;下文“Iron (铁) is an important mineral to help carry oxygen throughout your body. People with low iron may notice cold hands and feet or feel tired easily.(铁是一种重要的矿物质,有助于将氧气输送到全身。缺铁的人可能会感到手脚冰凉或容易疲劳。)”详细说明红肉有助于保暖的原因——红肉中富含铁;由此可知;B选项“Red meat is a good source of iron.(红肉是铁的良好来源。)”符合语境,选项中的“Red meat”与小标题中的“Red Meat”一致,选项中的“iron”与下文中的“Iron (铁)”一致;此外,下文中的“Eating red meat can also supply vitamin B12, which contributes to healthy nerves and a strong immune system.(吃红肉还可以补充维生素B12,这有助于健康的神经和强大的免疫系统。)”与B选项构成并列递进关系,进一步阐述吃红肉对身体的益处。故选B。
    【19题详解】
    上文“Sweet potatoes are high in vitamin A, vitamin C and potassium. They can add fiber and other nutrients to a warm winter meal.(红薯富含维生素A、维生素C和钾。它们可以在温暖的冬季膳食中添加纤维和其他营养物质。)”阐述了红薯对身体的益处;E选项“Research shows sweet potatoes are also good for eye health.(研究表明,红薯对眼睛健康也有好处。)”承接上文,进一步说明红薯对身体健康的益处,选项中的“also”表明与上文的并列递进关系。故选E。
    【20题详解】
    由小标题“Drink Water(喝水)”以及段首句“A simple way to help your body stay warm in winter is to drink water.(在冬天一个简单的方法来帮助你的身体保持温暖是喝水。)”说明冬天多喝水有助于保持身体温暖;上文“People are less likely to drink water when it’s cold outside because they don’t feel thirsty, according to Summit Medical Group.(据顶峰医疗集团称,人们在室外寒冷的时候不太可能喝水,因为他们不觉得口渴。)”指出冬天在室外时人们因为不觉得口渴而很少喝水;G选项“You may want to carry a water bottle with you to serve as a reminder.(你可能需要随身携带一个水瓶作为提醒。)”针对上文冬天在户外不觉得口渴而很少喝水这一问题给出了解决的方法——随身携带一个水瓶提醒自己喝水,由此可知,G选项符合语境。故选G。
    第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
    第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
    阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    Offering our services to others for free is a selfless act we seldom oversee. It’s a loss, yet some people don’t ____21____ at all. Some even find these situations as the perfect ____22____ to help out others.
    Blake Hawthorn used his life experience to share his blessings with the people around him. His journey started in 2008, and he did lawn care (草坪护理) to ____23____ money for his college tuition. With his hard work and devotion to finishing his studies while doing yard work, he took advantage of his ____24____ and started his company.
    Blake wanted to ____25____ to the community that helped him. He created a website to ____26____ his experience in lawn care and reach out to others who might need his services, and did it for them for free.
    Blake saw a home that looked ____27____. He learned that the family who owned it had no time to do their yard. The wife was disabled, and her husband and child worked for long hours weekly to ____28____ for the family. There was no one else to take care of their lawns until Blake came to the rescue and offered to ____29____. Once he got the family’s ____30____, Blake and his friend Kevin started the work.
    The yard was overgrown and ____31____. Black and Kevin cut the overgrown branches, cleared the path and did a(n)____32____ cleaning to the house. You can see a big ____33____ all their work made!
    The woman was ____34____ by what she saw in the end surely overly grateful too! It’s ____35____ how Blake’s simple kindness to his neighbor resulted in this neat yard.
    21. A. mind B. know C. understand D. realize
    22. A. profession B. position C. opportunity D. request
    23. A. donate B. spare C. save D. earn
    24. A. skills B. clues C. images D. theories
    25. A. look forward B. pay off C. give back D. get down
    26. A. establish B. judge C. create D. introduce
    27. A. scared B. ignored C. limited D. honored
    28. A. allow B. account C. provide D. apply
    29 A. help B. work C. stay D. clean
    30. A. indication B. suggestion C. appreciation D. confirmation
    31. A. deadly B. lovely C. ugly D. orderly
    32 A. secure B. complete C. odd D. regular
    33. A. difference B. profit C. mistake D. discovery
    34. A. entertained B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. shocked
    35. A. illegal B. impressive C. effective D. emotional
    【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了布莱克免费为他的社区打理草坪,为需要的人提供帮助。
    【21题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是一种损失,但有些人根本不介意。A. mind介意;B. know知道;C. understand理解;D. realize认识到。根据后文“Some even find these situations as the perfect  2  to help out others.”可知有些人甚至发现这些情况是帮助别人的最佳时机,所以这种损失,他们不介意。故选A项。
    【22题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:有些人甚至认为这些情况是帮助别人的绝佳机会。A. profession同行;B. position位置;C. opportunity机会;D. request要求。根据前文“It’s a loss, yet some people don’t   1   at all.”可知,有些人对帮助他人的损失毫不在意,所以他们认为是帮助别人的绝佳机会。故选C项。
    【23题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:他的职业生涯始于2008年,当时他靠打理草坪赚钱交大学学费。A. donate捐赠;B. spare抽出;C. save储蓄;D. earn赚。根据后文“for his college tuition”可知,此处应是他靠打理草坪赚钱交大学学费。故选D项。
    【24题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:他一边在院子里干活,一边努力完成学业,利用自己的技能创办了自己的公司。A. skills技能;B. clues线索;C. images形象;D. theories理论。根据后文“his experience in lawn care and reach out to others who might need his services, and did it for them for free.”可知,他的公司是草坪护理方面,所以是利用自己的技能创办了自己的公司。故选A项。
    【25题详解】
    考查动词短语辨析。句意:布莱克想回馈帮助过他的社区。A. look forward期待;B. pay off还清;C. give back归还;回馈;D. get down坐下。根据后文“did it for them for free”可知,布莱克免费为他的社区护理草坪,所以是他想回馈帮助过他的社区。故选C项。
    【26题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:他创建了一个网站,介绍他在草坪护理方面的经验,并向可能需要他服务的人伸出援手,并免费为他们提供服务。A. establish建立;B. judge审判;C. create创建;D. introduce介绍。根据前文“He created a website”可知,创建网站,应是介绍他在草坪护理方面的经验。故选D项。
    【27题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:布莱克看到了一个被忽视的家。A. scared害怕的;B. ignored忽视;C. limited有限的;D. honored光荣的。根据后文“There was no one else to take care of their lawns”可知,没人来照顾他们的草坪,所以说这个家是被忽视的。故选B项。
    【28题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:她的妻子是残疾人,她的丈夫和孩子每周工作很长时间来养家糊口。A. allow允许;B. account认为是;C. provide提供;供养;D. apply应用。根据前文“her husband and child worked for long hours”可知,她的丈夫和孩子每周工作很长时间,应该是养家。故选C项。
    【29题详解】
    考查动词词义辨析。句意:没有其他人来照顾他们的草坪,直到布莱克来帮忙。A. help帮助;B. work工作;C. stay保持;D. clean打扫。根据前文“There was no one else to take care of their lawns until Blake came to the rescue”可知,没人照顾他们的草坪,所以布莱克是来提供帮助的。故选A项。
    【30题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:得到家人的确认后,布莱克和他的朋友凯文就开始了工作。A. indication指示;B. suggestion建议;C. appreciation感谢;D. confirmation确认。根据后文“Blake and his friend Kevin started the work.”可知,布莱克和他的朋友凯文在去帮这家人打理草坪之前,应得到他们的确认。故选D项。
    【31题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:院子里杂草丛生,很难看。A. deadly致命的;B. lovely可爱的;C. ugly丑陋的;D. orderly有秩序的。根据前文“The yard was overgrown”可知,空处和overgrown(杂草丛生的(并列,结合选项,ugly符合语境,院子里杂草丛生,所以很难看。故选C项。
    【32题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:布莱克和凯文砍掉了长得茂盛的树枝,清理了道路,并彻底打扫了房子。A. secure安全的;B. complete完整的;C. odd奇怪的;D. regular定时的。根据前文“Black and Kevin cut the overgrown branches, cleared the path”可知,空处和前文构成排比句,句意相近,所以应是彻底打扫了房子符合语境。故选B项。
    【33题详解】
    考查名词词义辨析。句意:你可以看到他们的工作带来了很大的不同!A. difference不同;B. profit利润;C. mistake错误;D. discovery发现。根据后文“resulted in this neat yard”可知,他们使院子变得整洁,所以是他们的工作带来了很大的不同。故选A项。
    【34题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:女人被她最后看到的景象震惊了,当然她也非常感激!A. entertained娱乐的;B. embarrassed尴尬的;C. puzzled困惑的;D. shocked震惊的。根据前文“You can see a big     13     all their work made!”可知,他们的工作带来了很大的不同,即把院子打扫得很干净,所以女人看到自己的院子发生很大改变后震惊了。故选D项。
    【35题详解】
    考查形容词词义辨析。句意:令人印象深刻的是,布莱克对邻居的简单善良造就了这个整洁的院子。A. illegal非法的;B. impressive给人印象深刻的;C. effective有效的;D. emotional情感的。根据后文“Blake’s simple kindness to his neighbor resulted in this neat yard”可知,布莱克对邻居的简单善良造就了这个整洁的院子,这是让人印象深刻的。故选B项。
    第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Yesterday I went to the shops. I was a bit tired but ____36____ (extreme) happy to be out and about, I bought some flowers for my neighbour Amanda. We have just become ____37____ (friend). About two weeks ago, I dropped in and she told me ____38____ much she loved flowers. So I bought her the flowers ____39____ that reason and dropped in again. But I didn’t know that she had had a small stroke (中风) while she was driving.
    Thanks to the timely medical treatment, she was recovering. We held hands, ____40____ (talk) sweetly. I made her day as she hadn’t been given flowers in years. I spent the rest of ____41____ day with her and looked after her. Amanda lives alone without any family member after she lost her husband last year. Tomorrow, I’m going to look through my DVDs to give her something ____42____ (cheer) and happy. I think she ____43____ (discourage) after what happened. I also think of getting a taxi and shopping together with her after her full ____44____ (recover).
    I’m really glad that I can be of service, and that I can be directed in ways _____45_____ (show) my love.
    【答案】36. extremely
    37. friends
    38. how 39. for
    40. talking
    41. the 42. cheerful
    43. was discouraged
    44. recovery
    45. to show
    【解析】
    【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我和我的邻居阿曼达之间相互关心和爱护的友情故事。
    【36题详解】
    考查副词。句意:我有点累,但非常高兴能出去走走,我给邻居阿曼达买了一些花。空格处修饰形容词happy,作状语,应用副词形式。故填extremely。
    【37题详解】
    考查名词的数。句意:我们已经成为朋友。空格处作表语,根据句意,应用名词的复数形式。故填friends。
    【38题详解】
    考查宾语从句。句意:大约两周前,我顺便拜访了她,她告诉我她有多爱花。空格处和much作程度状语,构成how much引导的宾语从句。故填how。
    【39题详解】
    考查介词。句意:所以为了这个原因,我给她买了花,然后又拜访了她。根据空格后的名词that reason可知,空格处应填介词,表示“为了”应用介词for。故填for。
    【40题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:我们手牵着手,说着甜蜜的话语。held为谓语,空格处应填非谓语动词作状语,主语we和动词talk为逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填talking。
    【41题详解】
    考查冠词。句意:我和她一起度过了剩下的一天,并照顾她。根据空格后的名词day可知,空格处应填定冠词表示特指“那一天”。故填the。
    【42题详解】
    考查形容词。句意:明天,我将要翻看我的DVD,给她一些快乐和高兴的东西。空格处和形容词happy并列作后置定语,应用形容词形式。故填cheerful。
    【43题详解】
    考查动词时态,被动语态和主谓一致。句意:我想她在发生这件事后很沮丧。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语after what happened可知,应用一般过去时,主语she和动词discourage之间为被动关系,且主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was discouraged。
    【44题详解】
    考查名词。句意:我还想在她完全康复后和她一起打车购物。根据空格前的形容词full可知,空格处应填名词作介词after的宾语,recovery为可数名词,根据句意应用单数形式。故填recovery。
    【45题详解】
    考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的很高兴我能够提供帮助,我能被引导用表达我的爱的方式。名词way后面需要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to show。
    第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
    第一节 (满分15分)
    46. 假定你是李华,你的外教Joyce女士对汉服(Hanfu)很感兴趣,并让你有空就带她去汉服专卖店逛逛。请你给她写一封电子邮件,约她周末一起去看看,内容包括:
    1.赞扬她的兴趣;
    2.简要介绍汉服;
    3.出发时间和地点。
    注意:
    1.写作词数应为80左右;
    2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
    Dear Miss Joyce,
    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    Yours,
    Li Hua
    【答案】Dear Miss Joyce,
    I’m glad you are interested in the Chinese Hanfu, which makes me feel proud of our culture. I’m sure it will enable you to understand our country better.
    There were a lot of kinds of beautiful clothes in the history of China, the most famous of which were from Han Dynasty. They are popular to many people now.
    We can go and choose Hanfu in the store this weekend. If it is convenient for you, we may meet at the school gate at 9:00 am this Saturday and then take a taxi there.
    I’m looking forward to your reply.
    Yours,
    Li Hua
    【解析】
    【导语】本文是应用文。假定你是李华,你外教Joyce女士对汉服(Hanfu)很感兴趣,并让你有空就带她去汉服专卖店逛逛。请你给她写一封电子邮件,约她周末一起去看看,内容包括:赞扬她的兴趣;简要介绍汉服;出发时间和地点。
    【详解】1.词汇积累
    高兴的:glad→pleased
    对……感兴趣:be interested in→have an interest in
    确信:be sure→make sure
    选择:choose→select
    2.句式拓展
    简单句变复合句
    原句:They are popular to many people now.
    拓展句:They are popular to many people now, especially the young who are interested in Chinese culture.
    【点睛】【高分句型1】There were a lot of kinds of beautiful clothes in the history of China, the most famous of which were from Han Dynasty. (运用了介词+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)
    【高分句型2】If it is convenient for you, we may meet at the school gate at 9:00 am this Saturday and then take a taxi there.(运用了if引导的状语从句)
    第二节 (满分25分)
    47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
    The sun was hardly up that Christmas morning, so most of the light in the living room came from the little lights on the tree. I’d gotten up early to plug it in (接通电源) and bring a little extra magic into the house before my daughter walked down the stairs to open her gifts.
    Gifts had been placed around the base of the tree, under the bottom row of branches, for about a month. Rufus, our senior dog we’d adopted (收养) twelve years ago, hadn’t so much as sniffed (嗅) at them. That morning was different, though, because he watched as my daughter tore the paper off her presents, threw it aside, and cheered at what she found. Next, it was my husband’s turn. He opened his gifts more carefully than our daughter had. Then it was my turn to open the gift. Then it was time for Rufus’s gift. We were excited to give it to him.
    It was a new, extra-large bed where he could sleep and rest. He’d been such a wonderful boy for all these years, eager to please, loyal, protective but friendly... He deserved (值得) a nice bed upgrade. We’d taken our time picking that bed out as a family. The colors needed to match the living room because that was the room it’d be in. Rufus was quite like a gentleman. From the first week we had him, he’d run through the house with a bone hanging from the side of his mouth like a pipe. If he’d been a human, he’d have spent most of his time in his study, surrounded by leather, books, and shiny strong wood furniture. So we bought the bed that was the perfect match for the living room, his age, and his personality. We didn’t pack it up in Christmas paper like the other gifts. We just brought it downstairs and lay it in front of him, expecting him to check it out for a few seconds and then jump up, settle in, and almost immediately start snoring (打鼾) on the soft bed.
    注意:
    1.续写词数应为150左右;
    2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
    However, Rufus had other plans.
    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    Rufus had followed the rules and done what everyone else did.
    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    【答案】However, Rufus had other plans. He was one of the family and everyone else had torn the outside layers of their gifts away to recover the true prizes underneath. He started to check it out the way we expected him to, but the lying-on-it part never happened. All of us humans ended up distracted in one way or another, and Rufus had torn the “wrapping paper” off his gift while no one was watching. Filling was spread all over the carpet and went up from the middle of the bed.
    Rufus had followed the rules and done what everyone else did. But things didn’t turn out just the way they were supposed to. We all saw the “Oh, no, I messed up...” realization wash over him. He was ashamed of himself and probably more than a little sad about not having a chance to fall asleep on something so comfortable. Honestly speaking, it would’ve made perfect sense for us to wrap the bed in shinning Christmas paper just like all the other gifts. We had to buy him another bed.
    【解析】
    【导语】本文以时间为线索展开,讲述了作者在圣诞节为家里的每个人包括狗狗Rufus准备了礼物,每个人都很开心地拆开礼物,Rufus的礼物是全家挑选出来的一张特大号的床,它没有像其他礼物一样用圣诞纸包起来,而是就放在楼下,作者一家期待Rufus看到它后跳起来并舒服地睡在上面。
    【详解】1.段落续写:
    ①由第一段首句内容“然而,Rufus另有打算。”可知,第一段可描写Rufus看到礼物后在没人注意的情况下撕下了“包装纸”,填充物铺满了地毯。
    ②由第二段首句内容“Rufus遵守了规则,做了其他人都做的事。”可知,第二段可描写床被搞砸了,“我”们不得不再买一张床。
    2.续写线索:查看——分散注意——打开礼物——填充物铺满地毯——羞愧——重新买一张床
    3.词汇激活
    行为类
    ①查看:check out/examine
    ②发生:happen/take place
    ③延伸:spread/extend
    情绪类
    ①羞愧的:ashamed/abashed
    ②悲伤的:sad/sorrowful
    【点睛】[高分句型1] All of us humans ended up distracted in one way or another, and Rufus had torn the “wrapping paper” off his gift while no one was watching.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句)
    [高分句型2] He started to check it out the way we expected him to, but the lying-on-it part never happened. (运用了省略关系词的定语从句)
    听力:1~5 ACBAB 6~10 CACAA 11~15 BCCBB 16~20 BCCAC


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