广东省肇庆市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

这是一份广东省肇庆市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省肇庆市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
You ought to pay more attention to your health, but it doesn’t have to be difficult to get nutrients and minerals you’re your diet. Here are healthy seeds you should eat every day.
Chia Seeds
By eating chia seeds regularly, you can maintain a healthy digestive system, control weight, improve energy, boost brain health, decrease depression and help protect against heart and liver disease.
Fennel Seeds
Fennel seeds naturally fight against bad breath and do so much more. For example, they contain a chemical element which is important for your body fluids and cells and helps balance your blood pressure and heart rate. Fennel seeds also contain vitamin C, iron, and other chemical elements.
Sunflower Seeds
Sunflower seeds come as a tasty treat coming from the lovely sunflower, and they will stir your heart health right up by reducing high blood pressure and lowering heart attack risk. They also calm asthma (哮喘) symptoms and are a good source of vitamin E which is thought to be beneficial to the human body. Please eat a fourth of a cup daily to gain these benefits.
Flaxseeds
Flaxseeds contain high fiber and promote your health while controlling the appetite and helping with weight loss. You can maintain your hair and skin health, balance blood sugar, protect against cancer risk and heart disease by eating flaxseeds as a part of your diet regularly.
Please note that flaxseeds can interact with some medicine, so check with your doctor if you’re on medication. Breastfeeding moms and pregnant women should also avoid flaxseeds at this time.
1．Which kind of seeds can help protect against heart and liver disease?
A．Chia seeds. B．Fennel seeds. C．Sunflower seeds. D．Flaxseeds.
2．Who can eat flaxseeds according to the passage?
A．People on medication. B．Breastfeeding moms.
C．People with heart disease. D．Pregnant women.
3．Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A．Science fiction. B．A healthy eating website.
C．A research paper. D．A travel magazine.

Years ago, I lived next door to an old man named Steve, who told me he hadn’t had any friends since quitting his factory job 20 years earlier. Steve sat on his porch (门廊) all day. Across the street was another neighbor, Werner, who usually sat on an armchair on his lawn. The two men, both around the same age, stared at each other but rarely talked. When Steve fell down on the floor, Werner watched as the ambulance crew tried to save him.
Steve and Werner are a handy example for the kind of separation that COVID-19 has visited upon many of us. Although the pandemic has gone now, a separation still exists. The percentage of men with at least six close friends fell by half between 1990 and 2021, according to the Survey Center on American Life.
In short, man is in friendship recession (衰退). It is the result of social conditioning and 10, 000 years of developmental forces, where cooperation has been changed into competition. The invention of the big-screen TV hasn’t helped.
A 2020 Oxford University study confirms what many people will readily admit: People prefer to socialize in groups rather than on-on-one. Groups are looser, less private. And shared activities often center on something—a sport, a bar, or a football match. But when the activity goes away, the group often goes with it.
I reconnected with an old friend who had played professional football and I asked him if he was in touch with any of his former teammates. “No,” he said. When football ended, those connections did too. Without that central activity to keep the relationship, they all disappeared from one another’s lives.
There was a time when card games or watching the football games was a sort of guilty pleasure, a senseless activity. Now we’re learning that these things, or at least the connection they represent, are basic to mental health.
4．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the neighbors. B．To tell the neighbors’ stories.
C．To give an example of separation. D．To tell the effect of the pandemic.
5．What did people readily admit in the study?
A．Men prefer one-on-one relationship.
B．Relationships in groups are more private.
C．Shared activities do not center on anything-
D．The group’s connection ends after activities go away.
6．What challenge are men facing now?
A．Friendship recession. B．Peer competition.
C．Team cooperation. D．Social development.
7．What’s the author’s opinion about card games or watching the football games?
A．A sort of guilty pleasure. B．Basic to mental health.
C．A kind of senseless activities. D．Ways to amuse themselves.

Research has revealed many benefits to being in the presence of nature, whether that’s walking in a forest, having a small garden or keeping a few household plants.
“One study showed that patients in a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants in their rooms,” says Jenny Seham, founder and director of AIM (Arts and Integrative Medicine) in New York. She explains,“Cortisol (皮质醇)，the stress hormone, has been shown to lower with plant interaction, lowering tiredness and blood pressure. Gardening and caring for plants can help turn people away from negative thoughts or emotions.”
Houseplant collections have become a popular social media trend. Jamie Keaton Jones, a psychologist, says, “For many people, tending to plants has become a hobby. This hobby enables them to experience greater comfort and beauty from the presence of living things sharing their space.”
“Plants and exposure to greenery have been found to have many mental health benefits, such a lowering stress, decreasing feelings of depression, increasing sociability, restoring focus, improving cognitive performance, improving mood and increasing self- confidence,” says Jones.
Studies have also shown that plants and gardening increase productivity and levels of serotonin (血清素), which is responsible for uplifting mood.
“Rather than focusing on the past or worrying about the future, plant care helps one concentrate on the present moment and provides a feeling of accomplishment,” says Gayle Weill, another psychologist in Washington.
Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning process. Anyone starting to care for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics, leaving room for a little trial and error.
8．Where can the passage be found?
A．In a science magazine. B．In a novel.
C．In a history book. D．Ina biography.
9．What can we infer from Jenny Seham’s words?
A．Many hospitals keep plants in the patients’ rooms.
B．Doctors will use plants to cure the patients’ illness.
C．Keeping a few plants can get u out of tiredness.
D．Caring for plants can keep us away from bad mood.
10．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Houseplant collections are not popular in recent days.
B．Keeping plants has many physical health benefits.
C．Studies have proved that plants are beneficial for uplifting mood.
D．For many of us, plant care is difficult and takes time.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage?
A．Benefits of Keeping Houseplants B．Research on Keeping Houseplants
C．Ways to Take Care of Houseplants D．Opinions About Caring About Plants

When Erika and Cody Archie posted a video to TikTok explaining how they would be charging their then-18-year-old daughter Kylee rent, the reaction was split. One commenter called it a “punishment”. Another said, “I don’t see anything wrong with it. It helps them learn responsibility.” While a third added, “Oh, no, that’s their home.”
The video spread fast, receiving over 700, 000 views. Despite the mixed response, Cody is sure they’ve made the right decision. “This is our way of preparing her and making sure she knows that things aren’t free,” he tells Newsweek. “Part of becoming an adult is knowing that you have to either pay rent or you’ll have a house payment. Our hope is that by doing all this, we’re preparing her for the world.”
In the video, though, he was more outspoken, “Two dollars a month is plenty cheap to live in your parents’ house.”
According to the recent figures from the U. S. Census Bureau (人口普查局), 58 percent of 18- to 24-year-olds are living with their parents. While staying at home has benefits for young people, having an extra person under their roof means higher costs for parents.
A recent survey conducted by Red-field & Wilton Strategies for Newsweek asked 1,500 American adults about their thoughts on parents charging their adult children rent. Around 57 percent said that a 20-year old man moving back hone should pay for the privilege, even if their parents do not need the money. Only 28 percent felt that adult children should live rent-free.
Another survey conducted by Lending Tree produced similar results. While 85 percent of parents surveyed said they’d let their adult children move home, 73 percent would charge them rent.
Lending Tree found the percentage of adults between 24 and 40 living with their parents was highest in three states: Hawaii (21. 6 percent), New Jersey (20.7 percent) and Florida (20.1 percent). Hawaii and New Jersey are expensive places to live, while Florida is more affordable. Lending Tree researchers inferred that some Florida adult children were at home to take care of aging parents.
12．What does the underlined word “split” in Paragraph I mean?
A．Obvious. B．Unbelievable. C．Different. D．Violent.
13．What can we learn from the U. S Census Bureau?
A．Parents don’t like to live with their adult children.
B．Living with parents is beneficial for young people.
C．People older than 24 don’t like to live with their parents.
D．Young people usually ask their parents for money when living together.
14．What can be inferred from the two surveys?
A．The same organization conducted the two surveys in different states.
B．The two surveys asked the same number of adults about the topic.
C．Parents don’t charge their children because they don’t need the money.
D．More parents surveyed said that they would charge their children rent.
15．What is the author’s attitude to charging children rent?
A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Worried. D．Supportive.


二、七选五
The Sunday scare is a feeling of worry and anxiety about going to work or school the next day. They are common but manageable. 16
Structure your Sunday
Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scare. Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock, go to do something. 17 But that feeling is harder to hold on to when you’re focusing on something.
18
If you’re feeling more stress in general, it’s important to make space for relaxing activities to ground yourself. And there’s no right way to relax. You can do anything that is restful, such as baking, exercising, or connecting with a friend.
Identify your anxiety sources
Anxiety is a normal human experience, and one of the main ways to manage it is to identify your personal anxiety sources. 19 Is it a deadline, meeting or presentation? Even there’s not a single reason behind your Sunday anxiety.
End your Sunday with the right energy
Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself, to counteract the anxiety you’re feeling about Monday. Maybe that means planning some favorite food to enjoy while watching football. 20 Leave the work emails for Monday mornings.
A．Plan for a restful Sunday
B．Do things to relax yourself
C．You might still feel that sense of dread.
D．Once you have a better idea of what to do, take note of it.
E．Here are some suggestions for you to deal with the Sunday scare.
F．Try to find out what’s really causing you to worry the next week.
G．Do your best to enjoy yourself and make Sunday nights all for you.


三、完形填空
I was born in a “running family”. I have 21 how many marathons my father has participated in, but I’m pretty sure that my mother traveled on foot more than she did by 22 . But I didn’t naturally fall into the running life.
“Running is the best thing for us.” “I don’t know why people 23 it,” my parents said during many dinner 24 . After hundreds of practices and a handful of track meets later, I found myself agreeing with my 25 and I started preparing for the yearly marathon.
I spent many 26 waking up each morning with the sun and birds. I kept training in the 27 streets and sidewalks. As planned, the 28 came, and I surely took part in it.
Everything seemed to go on well, but my 29 began to lose feeling at mile marker 10. I saw the timers on the side and I was 30 to think that I wouldn’t reach my goal, which 31 me to wake up hours before the day began. I wanted to 32 , but months of hard training told me that I couldn’t do that. I continued to push myself forward. A runner next to me looked over with a face of encouragement. We 33 and ran together, side by side, along the road that seemed endless.
34 , my new running friends shouted, “We got this! Look!” The finish line was in view. Finally, we 35 the finish line together and we high-fived, only to be separated before learning each other’s names.
21．A．forgotten B．realized C．counted D．mistaken
22．A．carriage B．vehicle C．airplane D．instrument
23．A．dislike B．ignore C．accept D．experience
24．A．arguments B．discussions C．conversations D．statements
25．A．friends B．parents C．neighbors D．classmates
26．A．years B．weeks C．days D．months
27．A．noisy B．empty C．dirty D．plastic
28．A．training B．tournament C．marathon D．competition
29．A．legs B．shoulders C．stomach D．neck
30．A．delighted B．excited C．confused D．disappointed
31．A．prevented B．allowed C．motivated D．depressed
32．A．give up B．turn back C．run away D．speed up
33．A．hugged B．talked C．smiled D．nodded
34．A．Immediately B．Suddenly C．Gradually D．Frequently
35．A．sought B．touched C．left D．crossed


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once considered as one of the best and strictest referees (裁判) in the NBA, Javie is now working at a church in America.
Despite coming from a diligent family, sports were in Javie’s blood too. It was sports that really inspired him as a young boy. His father had a career as a football back referee for the football league, 36 his grandfather was an umpire (裁判员) for the baseball league.
In Javie’s 37 (young) days, a famous basketball team had picked him as a possible basketball player, but that was destroyed by an arm 38 (injure). He started as a baseball umpire and then shifted to a basketball referee, 39 (become) an NBA referee in 1986, 40 he quickly developed a bad reputation for his bad temper. In one game, Javie even drove out one of the 41 (announcer), and in another threw out a team mascot (吉祥物).
As his years in the NBA 42 (go) by, Javie developed a good reputation not only as one of 43 most feared referees but also a 44 (respect) one. In 2000, he began suffering 45 an arthritic (关节炎的) knee. So during the season, he was barely working. Surgery could only postpone the terrible situation. As a result, Javie had to change his job as a member of church staff in America.


五、其他应用文
46．假定你是李华，你校经常开展丰富多彩的科创活动，你的外国朋友John发邮件向你了解相关的情况，请给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1.活动的内容；
2.活动的意义。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
*科创：scientific innovation
Dear John,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tovel was a middle school student. He didn’t concentrate in class, so he couldn’t do well in any subject. He was also a weak basketball player, leaving no impression on others. But he loved attention. Knowing that classmates would listen if he had news to share, he went around the class making u stories about other students.
“Tom’s parents are too busy to take care of him, so he doesn’t like the weekends,” Tovel whispered. The students around Toval listened carefully and sighed.
“He has to cook by himself at weekends. And sometimes, he steals vegetables from his neighbor’s garden!” said Tovel. The classmates shook their heads, for they all knew that middle school students must not steal things from others.
“And he even cheated in some weekly exams, expecting good grades and the teachers’ praise,” added Tovel. “No. He couldn’t do that! He was cheating himself and ruining his future,” cried the classmates. They all showed sympathy for Tom, and hoped that he could be honest.
For quite a few days, the classmates were all talking about Tom and his fake news. Some students even chatted with him, showing their sympathy and expressing their expectation, which made Tom annoyed and confused.
Knowing that the stories about Tom had spread quickly and made Tom in trouble, Tovel felt bad about what he had done. Tovel wanted to change the situation and beg Tom’s forgiveness, but he didn’t know what to do. “I am willing to do everything if all will be well again," he thought.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning, Tovel went to the teachers’ office.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After hearing this, Tovel felt a little confused.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几种富含营养和矿物质的适合经常食用的种子。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“By eating chia seeds regularly, you can maintain a healthy digestive system, control weight, improve energy, boost brain health, decrease depression and help protect against heart and liver disease.(经常吃奇亚籽，你可以保持健康的消化系统，控制体重，提高能量，促进大脑健康，减少抑郁，帮助预防心脏和肝脏疾病。)”可知，奇亚籽可以预防心脏和肝脏疾病。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“You can maintain your hair and skin health, balance blood sugar, protect against cancer risk and heart disease by eating flaxseeds as a part of your diet regularly.(通过经常吃亚麻籽，你可以保持你的头发和皮肤健康，平衡血糖，防止癌症和心脏病的风险。)”可知，有心脏病的人可以吃亚麻籽。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“You ought to pay more attention to your health, but it doesn’t have to be difficult to get nutrients and minerals you’re your diet. Here are healthy seeds you should eat every day.(你应该多注意自己的健康，但从饮食中获取营养和矿物质并不难。以下的健康种子，你应该每天吃。)”可知，这是一篇关于健康食物的文章，可能来自一个健康饮食网站。故选B。
4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在人类正面临友谊衰退期，当活动结束后，小组的联系也会随之结束，打牌或看足球比赛这类看似毫无意义的活动，现在看来是心理健康的基础。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Steve and Werner are a handy example for the kind of separation that COVID-19 has visited upon many of us.(史蒂夫和沃纳是COVID-19给我们许多人带来的那种分隔的一个身边的例子。)”可知，第一段的目的是为分隔提供一个例子。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“But when the activity goes away, the group often goes with it.(但当活动结束时，团队通常也会随之消失。)”可知，人们在研究中欣然承认了活动结束后小组的联系也就结束了。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In short, man is in friendship recession(简而言之，人类正处于友谊衰退期)”可知，人类现在正面对友谊衰退期。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“There was a time when card games or watching the football games was a sort of guilty pleasure, a senseless activity. Now we’re learning that these things, or at least the connection they represent, are basic to mental health.(曾经有一段时间，打牌或看足球比赛是一种罪恶的快乐，是一种毫无意义的活动。现在我们了解到，这些东西，或者至少它们所代表的联系，是心理健康的基础。)”可知，作者认为纸牌游戏和看足球比赛是心理健康的基础。故选B。
8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，种植室内植物有助于人们远离消极的想法或情绪，提高情绪。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Research has revealed many benefits to being in the presence of nature, whether that’s walking in a forest, having a small garden or keeping a few household plants.(研究表明，置身于大自然之中有很多好处，无论是在森林里散步，拥有一个小花园，还是养一些家庭植物。)”可知，这是一篇关于科学研究发现的文章，所以很有可能来自一本科学杂志。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“One study showed that patients in a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants in their rooms(一项研究表明，在医院里，房间里有植物的病人比房间里没有植物的病人报告的疼痛、血压、疲劳和焦虑更少)”可知，照顾植物可以让我们远离坏心情。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“Cortisol (皮质醇)，the stress hormone, has been shown to lower with plant interaction, lowering tiredness and blood pressure. Gardening and caring for plants can help turn people away from negative thoughts or emotions.(应激激素皮质醇已被证明会随着植物的相互作用而降低，从而降低疲劳和血压。园艺和照顾植物可以帮助人们远离消极的想法或情绪。)”可知，研究证明，植物有助于提高情绪。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Research has revealed many benefits to being in the presence of nature, whether that’s walking in a forest, having a small garden or keeping a few household plants.(研究表明，置身于大自然之中有很多好处，无论是在森林里散步，拥有一个小花园，还是养一些家庭植物。)”和最后一段“Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning process. Anyone starting to care for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics, leaving room for a little trial and error.(像任何新的技能或爱好一样，照顾室内植物需要一个学习的过程。任何开始照顾植物的人都应该有耐心，给自己时间学习基本知识，留下一点尝试和错误的空间。)”可知，文章主要是讲种植室内植物的好处。故选A。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一对父母在网上分享向18岁的女儿收取租金的视频后，人们发表了不同的看法。
12．词句猜测题。根据下文“One commenter called it a “punishment”. Another said, “I don’t see anything wrong with it. It helps them learn responsibility.” A third added, “Hell no, that’s their home.” (一位评论者称之为“惩罚”。另一个人说：“我不觉得有什么不妥。这有助于他们学会承担责任。”第三个人补充道：“不，那是他们的家。”)”可知，人们的反应是有分歧的。Split意为“分歧”，和divide意思接近。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段“While staying at home has benefits for young people, having an extra person under their roof means higher costs for parents. (虽然呆在家里对年轻人有好处，但家里多一个人意味着父母的成本更高)”可知，与父母同住对年轻人有益。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Only 28 percent felt that adult children should live rent-free. (只有28%的人认为成年子女应该免房租)”以及倒数第二段“While 85 percent of parents surveyed said they’d let their adult children move home, 73 percent would charge them rent. (85%的受访父母表示，他们会让成年子女搬回家住，73%的人会向他们收取房租)”可推知，更多的受访家长表示他们会向孩子收取房租。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了一对父母在网上分享向18岁的女儿收取租金的视频后，人们发表了不同的看法。主要引用了第三方的数据和观点，作者没有发表对此的看法。故可推知，作者对收取儿童房租态度不清楚。故选B。
16．E 17．C 18．B 19．F 20．G

【导语】这是一篇应用文。很多人会经历周日恐慌，文章对如何管理周日恐慌提出了建议。
16．根据前文“The Sunday scare is a feeling of worry and anxiety about going to work or school the next day. They are common but manageable.(周日恐慌是指对第二天上班或上学感到担心和焦虑。它们很常见，但是可以管理的。)”和小标题“Structure your Sunday(安排好你的周日)”可知，此处是指对如何管理周日恐慌提出建议，所以选项E“这里有一些建议，可以帮助你应对周日恐慌。”切合文意。故选E。
17．根据后文“But that feeling is harder to hold on to when you’re focusing on something.(但当你专注于某件事时，这种感觉就更难持续了。)”中的转折词but可知，此处是指虽然还会感到有点恐慌，所以选项C“你可能还会有那种恐慌感。”切合文意。故选C。
18．根据后文“If you’re feeling more stress in general, it’s important to make space for relaxing activities to ground yourself.(如果你总体上感到压力更大，那么为放松活动腾出空间来让自己放松是很重要的。)”可知，此处是指做一些让自己放松的事情，所以选项B“做一些让自己放松的事情”切合文意。故选B。
19．根据前文“Anxiety is a normal human experience, and one of the main ways to manage it is to identify your personal anxiety sources.(焦虑是一种正常的人类经历，管理它的主要方法之一是确定你个人的焦虑来源。)”可知，此处是指找到自己的焦虑来源，所以选项F“试着找出下周真正让你担心的是什么。”切合文意。故选F。
20．根据前文“Make Sunday nights about doing something for yourself, to counteract the anxiety you’re feeling about Monday.(让周日晚上为自己做点事情，抵消周一的焦虑。)”可知，此处是指把周日晚上都留给自己，让自己过得愉快，所以选项G“尽你最大的努力去享受，让周日晚上完全属于你。”切合文意。故选G。

21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者参加马拉松时所结识的陌生队友给予鼓励并完成马拉松的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经忘记父亲参加了多少场马拉松，但是我十分确定母亲步行旅行的次数比交通工具多。A. forgotten忘记；B. realized意识到；C. counted数；D. mistaken认错。根据下文“but I’m pretty sure”可知，该处表示转折，且与pretty sure的含义相反，故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经忘记父亲参加了多少场马拉松，但是我十分确定母亲步行旅行的次数比交通工具多。A. carriage马车；B. vehicle交通工具；C. airplane飞机；D. instrument乐器。根据前文“I was born in a “running family”.”可知，作者一家人喜欢跑步，因此推断此处说的是母亲步行旅行比乘坐交通工具的次数多。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道为什么 人们不喜欢它。”我父母在很多次晚餐对话时说。A. dislike不喜欢；B. ignore忽视；C. accept接受；D. experience经历。根据上文“Running is the best thing for us.（跑步对我们来说是最好的事）”可知，这里讲的是跑步是对人有好处的，所以不能理解为什么有人不喜欢跑步。该处与下文存在转折，故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道为什么人们不喜欢它。”我父母在很多次晚餐对话时说。A. arguments争论；B. discussions讨论；C. conversations对话；D. statements声明。根据句意及引号可知，该处是父母晚餐时所说的话，故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过数百次的练习和几次田径运动会之后，我发现我开始认同父母，并且开始准备一年一度的马拉松比赛。A. friends朋友；B. parents父母；C. neighbors邻居；D. classmates同学。根据上文“But I didn’t naturally fall into the running life.（但我并没有自然而然地投入到跑步生活中去）”可知，作者一开始并不喜欢跑步，在经过一系列的练习后他才喜欢上这个运动，从而开始认同父母。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了好几个月，每天早上伴随着太阳和鸟醒来。A. years年；B. weeks周；C. days天；D. months月。根据下文“I wanted to ___12___,but months of hard training told me that I couldn’t do that.（我想要放弃，但是几个月的艰苦训练告诉我我不能这样做）”可知，作者花了几个月的时间训练。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直在空荡的街道和人行道练习。A. noisy嘈杂的；B. empty空的；C. dirty脏的；D. plastic塑料的。根据上文“I spent many___6___waking up each morning with the sun and birds.（我花了好几个月，每天早上伴随着太阳和鸟醒来）”可知，作者起的很早，街道上应该是空的。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如计划的那样，马拉松来了，并且我确信会参加。A. training训练；B. tournament锦标赛；C. marathon马拉松；D. competition比赛。根据上文“I started preparing for the yearly marathon.（我开始为年度的马拉松做准备）”可知，该处是马拉松来了。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切似乎很顺利，但是我的腿在十英里处开始失去知觉。A. legs腿；B. shoulders肩膀；C. stomach胃；D. neck脖子。根据下文“I wouldn’t reach my goal（我不能完成我的目标）”可知，作者担忧无法跑完马拉松，故应该是腿失去知觉。故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到旁边的计时器，失望地认为我不能达到目标，它激励我在一天开始前几个小时醒来。A. delighted高兴的；B. excited激动的；C. confused困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Everything seemed to go on well, but my___9___ began to lose feeling at mile marker 10.（一切进行的很顺利，但是我的腿在十公里处开始失去了知觉）”可知，不能完成马拉松，作者应该是失望的。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到侧面的计时器，失望地认为我不能达到目标，它激励我在一天开始前几个小时醒来。A. prevented阻止；B. allowed允许；C. motivated激励；D. depressed沮丧。根据句意，which指代的是目标，它是作者坚持早起的动力来源，故选C。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想要放弃，但几个月的艰苦训练告诉我我不能这样做。A. give up放弃；B. turn back返回；C. run away逃跑；D. speed up加速。根据下文“but months of hard training told me that I couldn’t do that.I continued to push myself forward.（但几个月的艰苦训练告诉我不能这样做，我继续奋力向前）”可知，作者仍然在继续跑，前后之前是转折关系，所以作者之前想要放弃。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们微笑着，沿着那条似乎无止尽的路并肩跑。A. hugged拥抱；B. talked谈论；C. smiled微笑；D. nodded点头。根据上文“A runner next to me looked over with a face of encouragement.（我旁边的一名跑步者一脸鼓励的看着我）”可知，态度是友好和善的。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我的新的跑步的朋友们大喊“我们能行，你看！”终点线就在眼前。A. Immediately立即；B. Suddenly突然；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Frequently频繁地。根据上文“We ___13___ and ran together, side by side, along the road that seemed endless.（我们微笑着，沿着那条似乎无止境的路并肩跑）”和下文“my new running friends shouted, “We got this! Look!”（我的新的跑步的朋友大喊“我们能行，你看！）”可知，在跑步中一直用神情鼓励对方，而后在看到终点线，突然发出声音大喊。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们一起越过了终点线并且击掌，结果没来得得悉对方的名字就分开了。A. sought寻求；B. touched触摸；C. left离开；D. crossed越过。根据下文“we high-fived（我们击掌）”可知，我们穿过了终点线。故选D。

36．while 37．younger 38．injury 39．becoming 40．when 41．announcers 42．went 43．the 44．respected 45．from

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被认为是NBA最优秀、最严格的裁判之一的哈维的个人经历。
36．考查连词。句意：他的父亲是足球联盟的足球后卫裁判，而他的祖父是棒球联盟的裁判。表示前后文的对比，应用并列连词while。故填while。
37．考查比较级。句意：在哈维更年轻的时候，一个著名的篮球队曾选择他作为一名潜在的篮球运动员，但这一切都因手臂受伤而破灭了。表示“更年轻的时候”此处应用形容词比较级younger，修饰名词days。故填younger。
38．考查名词。句意：在哈维更年轻的时候，一个著名的篮球队曾选择他作为一名潜在的篮球运动员，但这一切都因手臂受伤而破灭了。根据上文不定冠词an可知应填单数名词injury，故填injury。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：他最初是一名棒球裁判，然后转到篮球裁判，1986年成为NBA裁判，当时他的坏脾气很快就出了名。分析句子结构可知become与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填becoming。
40．考查定语从句。句意：他最初是一名棒球裁判，然后转到篮球裁判，1986年成为NBA裁判，当时他的坏脾气很快就出了名。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词1986，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填when。
41．考查名词的数。句意：在一场比赛中，哈维甚至赶走了一名解说员，在另一场比赛中，他还扔出了球队的吉祥物。此处为one of+可数名词复数结构。故填announcers。
42．考查时态。句意：随着他在NBA的岁月流逝，哈维不仅是最令人害怕的裁判之一，而且是一个受人尊敬的裁判。空处为从句谓语动词，根据后文developed可知为一般过去时。故填went。
43．考查冠词。句意：随着他在NBA的岁月流逝，哈维不仅是最令人害怕的裁判之一，而且是一个受人尊敬的裁判。此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，后文most feared为最高级，前面应用定冠词。故填the。
44．考查形容词。句意：随着他在NBA的岁月流逝，哈维不仅是最令人害怕的裁判之一，而且是一个受人尊敬的裁判。修饰one，表示“受人尊敬的”应用形容词respected。故填respected。
45．考查介词。句意：2000年，他开始遭受膝盖关节炎的折磨。短语suffer from表示“遭受”。故填from。
46．Dear John,
I am very glad to hear from you.
Making a feature of scientific innovation, my school holds a variety of activities. Firstly, there are various school-based curricula about scientific innovation, ranging from architectural model design to unmanned aerial vehicles programming. Furthermore, all sorts of wonderful scientific lectures are monthly given in connection with the latest science research. Lastly, the students can participate in various types of competitions, such as Robotics Competition and so on.
All of the science and innovation activities are held targeted at cultivating the teenagers’ interest in scientific exploration and encouraging more students to throw themselves into research. In addition, these activities can also enhance the students’ abilities of practice and innovation, and attract more students to choose the related majors after entering universities.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校经常开展丰富多彩的科创活动，你的外国朋友John发邮件向你了解相关的情况，请给他回一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
加强：enhance→strengthen
培养：cultivate→foster
高兴的：glad→delighted
有关的：related→relevant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, these activities can also enhance the students’ abilities of practice and innovation, and attract more students to choose the related majors after entering universities.
拓展句：In addition, not only can these activities also enhance the students’ abilities of practice and innovation, but also they attract more students to choose the related majors after entering universities.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, there are various school-based curricula about scientific innovation, ranging from architectural model design to unmanned aerial vehicles programming. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] All of the science and innovation activities are held targeted at cultivating the teenagers’ interest in scientific exploration and encouraging more students to throw themselves into research. (运用了动名词作宾语)
47．

The next morning, Tovel went to the teachers’ office. After hesitating for a while, he found the headteacher Miss Liu, one of his most reliable teachers. In a matter of moments, Tovel told Miss Liu all the things he had said and that his words had made a very bad influence on Tom. After that, he expressed his deep regret, and asked Miss Liu, “What can I do to make things right?” Miss Liu thought for a moment, then told him, “You must go back to your seat, take a piece of paper, crumple it up, and then smooth it again.
After hearing this, Tovel felt a little confused. He thought that Miss Liu’s suggestion was strange but the task seemed simple enough. And if it would take away the guilt he felt, then why not do it? So Tovel thanked Miss Liu and quickly went back to the classroom. Then Tovel took out a piece of paper carefully, and crumpled it up as Miss Liu had told him. But to his sadness, he couldn’t smooth the paper back, and he seemed to understand something. Tovel took the paper to Miss Liu with tears in his eyes. Seeing this, Miss Liu said, “Friendship is like a piece of paper. After crumpled up, it can’t restore the same even if you try your best to smooth it.” Tovel understood Miss Liu’s words deeply, and said, “I will tell my classmates the truth and apologize to Tom sincerely.”
【导语】本文讲述了Tovel为了获取同学关注，编造了关于Tom的谣言，而后得知此事对Tom造成困扰后，想要寻求原谅，改变情况的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，Tovel来到了老师办公室。”可知，第一段可描写Tovel向老师坦白并寻求帮助。由第二段首句内容“听到这个之后，Tovel感到有点困惑。”可知，该段还可以写老师给他提供的建议。
②由第二段首句内容“听到这个之后，Tovel感到有点困惑。”可知，第二段可写按照老师所说的去做，解开了困惑，并真诚道歉，成功取得原谅。
2.续写线索：向老师说明情况——老师奇怪的建议——如实去做——解开困惑——懂得道理——真诚致歉
3.词汇激活行为类
①告知：tell/inform
②表达：express/show
③询问：ask/inquire
④理解：understand/comprehend
情绪类
①内疚：guilt/shame
②感激：thank/gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1] In a matter of moments, Tovel told Miss Liu all the things he had said and that his words had made a very bad influence on Tom. (运用了省略that的定语从句和that引导的宾语从句 )
[高分句型2]Then Tovel took out a piece of paper carefully, and crumpled it up as Miss Liu had told him. (运用了as引导的状语从句)