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牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第三册Grammar and usage教学ppt课件
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这是一份牛津译林版 (2019)必修 第三册Grammar and usage教学ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了after，unexpected，Object ，Subject ，目的状语，so as to，原因状语，心情的形容词，Checking， Checking等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Explring the rules
Typhn, hurricane, trnad …
What shuld peple d during a strng strm?
Stay inside and clse and lck all the windws and drs. Listen t the radi t keep infrmed f what is ging n ...
Read the dialgue n Page 20 .
Anna is interviewing her teacher, Mr Li, abut his experiences during a hurricane.
After reading, please answer the fllwing questins.
1. Hw did Mr Li knw that the hurricane was cming? Frm the lcal news n TV.
2. What made Mr Li scared during the hurricane?The pwer failure.
3. A hurricane is destructive. In what details can we knw it is destructive in this text? Please find them ut.The rad was blcked.There may be the pwer failure.Many huge trees lay acrss the street and water was seen everywhere.There was a lt f damage and suffering.
4. What shuld we d when a hurricane hits?
First, we shuld stay inside, because ging utside during a hurricane is much t dangerus.Secnd, we shuld prepare enugh fd and water t last a whle week.
Read the passage abut an interview and cmplete the tasks (P20)
Find the sentences with t-infinitives
I lked ut f the windw, nly t see huge trees lying acrss the street and water everywhere.
There was nthing fr me t d.
I had enugh fd and water t last a whle week.
Wrking ut the rules
When the t-infintive is used as an attributive, it is ften put (befre/after) the nun r prnun it mdifies.When the t-infintive is used as an adverbial f result, it can refer t an __________ (expected/unexpected) result. In this case, we ften use nly befre the t-infinitive.
What’s the functin f the t-infinitives in the fllwing sentences?
During a strng strm, we shuld stay at hme and listen t the radi t keep infrmed f what is ging n. Besides a radi, we can have a cmputer r a smart phne t update the infrmatin.
Adverbial f purpse
After the strng strm, we were very amazed t see that ur huse was in gd cnditin and ur grandparents were very delighted t knw that we were safe and sund.
Adverbial f result
She signalled her students t exit the classrm in an rderly line cvering their heads with their hands. And the headmaster asked them t stay utside until the strm was ver.
Object cmplement
1. Alice Brwn, head teacher, was teaching when the flr began t shake.2. It was very dangerus t stay inside during the hurricane.3. My jb tday was t keep the student calm utside.
Predicative
T have a healthy diet keeps us fit.T finish yur hmewrk n time every day is yur duty.
It keeps us fit t have a healthy diet.It is yur duty t finish yur hmewrk n time every day.
熟记以下句型：It is + adj. + t d sth.It is + a/an + n (pleasure ,pity, crime, hnr…) + t d sthIt is +adj.+ fr sb. +t d sth.It is +adj(表人品的)+ f sb.+ t d sth.It tk(sb) sme time / curage/ wisdm… +t d sth.It is n use/gd /useful/ useless / a waste f time + ding sth.
Practice makes perfect
每天阅读是很有用的。对她来说获得这个奖是一个巨大的荣誉。从超市买菜比从菜农那里买要贵。
It's mre expensive t buy vegetables frm supermarkets than frm farmers.
It is useful t read every day.
It's a great hnr fr her t win this award
1. __________ is my dream _____________(travel) t the mn by is an hnr _________(get) the gld medal in the Olympics3.It is necessary fr us _______(be) cnstantly reminded f ur shrtcmings.4. It is n gd_____________(pretend) t knw what yu dn’t knw. 5.It tk them five years ___________(build) the bridge.
They are cnsidering what t d next.Sme wh were famus in their wn times wuld find it difficult t achieve success tday.
熟记以下单词：decide，determine，wish，plan，want，manage，try，affrd，prmise，arrange，desire，pretend，refuse，expect，hpe，learn，ffer，fail，agree，frget，prefer，...
用动词不定式作宾语的动词
记忆口诀三个希望两答应（hpe，wish，want，agree，prmise） 两个要求莫拒绝（demand, ask, refuse） 设法学会做决定（manage，learn, decide） 不要假装在选择（pretend，chse） 打算提出两计划（intend, ffer,plan, mean) 申请失败负担起 (apply,fail, affrd) 准备渴望又碰巧 (prepare,desire, happen)
1.We agreed __________(meet) here but s far she hasn’t turned up Smith determined ________(g) t the his father came in , he pretended ________________(study).4. I find it interesting ___________(learn) cnsidered it his duty _________(care) abut the hmeless think it necessary ____________(increase) the salary.
t be studying
注意：不定式作某些特殊动词的宾语时，常用it作形式宾语, 而把真宾语不定式和动名词放在句末。think/cnsider/ find / feel / make /beilieve + it + adj / n + t d sth
What she wants t d mst nw is (t) travel abrad. The mst imprtant thing is t take measures t prevent the pllutin.
My wish is t be a dctr.Fr him, the first step is t find an ffice jb.The main purpse f the meeting was t elect a new manager.
我的愿望是成为一名医生。
对于他来说，第一步就是找一个办公室的工作。
这次会议的主要目的是选一名新经理。
The meeting t be held tmrrw is imprtant.I am s busy I have n time t write a letter.
I need a pen t write with.
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后。不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。
1.动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词后面
Is this the best way t help him? 这是帮他的最佳方法吗？Yur wish t be a teacher is quite understandable. 你想成为一个教师的愿望是可以理解的。
① 名词或代词为动词不定式的逻辑主语(主谓关系)。如：
Wendy was the first student t arrive at schl.
②名词或代词为不定式的逻辑宾语(动宾关系)。如：
I have a meeting t attend.
Tip:如果不定式是不及物动词，需要加介词才能与名词之间构成动宾关系。如：
This is a gd tpic t talk abut.
2.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间常有一定的逻辑关系。
③ 名词与不定式是同位语关系(动词不定式与所修饰的名词指代的内容一致)。如：
I have a wish t g t cllege.We shuld have the curage t face any difficulty.They have fund ut a way t help the villages get rid f pverty.
常接不定式作定语的抽象名词有：ability, ambitin, chance, wish, attempt, decisin, mment, need, plan, prmise, reasn, time, way, curage, pprtunity 等。
3. 动词不定式作定语，有被动形式。如：
The huse t be built there will be a library.She made a list f the peple t be invited.
4. 当中心词被序数词、形容词最高级及the next, the nly, the last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。
She was the first wman t win the gld medal in the Olympic Games.She is the nly persn t be admitted t the cmmittee.
在那儿要建的房子将是一个图书馆。
她列了一张要邀请的人的名单。
她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女子。
她是唯一获准进入委员会的人。
1. D yu knw wh is the first Chinese ________ (walk) n the mn? 2. D yu have anything ________(say)? If nt, we will put an end t the meeting.3. He has n friend _______________(depend).4. Are yu ging t the meeting ____________(hld) next week?5. The new building ________________ ( cmplete) next year will be a city museum.6. There may be an pprtunity fr yu _______ (see) the famus star.
t depend n
t be cmpleted
5. 不定式作宾语补足语
My teacher asked me t g there n time.She was cnsidered t have stlen the mney.常接不定式作宾补的词有：ask, encurage, frce, permit, urge, direct, enable, invite, rder, want, wish等(1)My mm encuraged me ____________________ (imprve)my writing skills.(2)He ften makes his little sister ________(cry).
作宾语补足语不用t的常见动词：一感(feel), 二听(listen t, hear), 三让(make, let, have), 四看(see, lk at, watch, ntice)。
I ften hear the girl sing in English
我经常听到这个女孩唱英语歌
I see him enter the classrm.
考点归纳： 1.感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
see,watch ,bserve, lk at,ntice hearlisten tfeel
sb d sthsb ding sthsth dne
I saw her ________ (read) an English pem yesterday.She was seen __________ (read) an English pem yesterday.He ________(see) t crss the rad. I ________(see) him crss the rad. I heard her ________ (sing) a sng when I passed by her rm.I heard a sng _________ (sing) by a little girl yesterday.
2.使役动词 + 宾语 + 宾补: have let make
⑴ have sb d sth: have sb /sth ding sth: have sth dne:
使某人/某物一直做某事
⑵ make sb d sth: make neself dne:
I had my car ______ (wash) last week.I’m very busy. I have a lt f files ________ (type).Jim ften makes his sister ________ (cry), but this mrning he was made __________ (cry) by his sister.The place is nisy s he shuted t make himself ________ (hear).Yu’d better nt have the light ________ (burn) all day lng.I have had my bike___________(repair), and I'm ging t have smebdy ______(repair)my radi tmrrw.
总结: 动词 + 宾语(sb.) + t d sth
adviseallwaskbeg cause encurageexpectfrbidget intendinvitelikelve rderpersuadepreferpermitrequireteach tellwantwarnwish
6. 不定式作目的状语
Tim sat near the fire t get warm.The athletes practised hard t win the match.
相当于用in rder (nt) t，s as (nt) t引导的目的状语.I gt up early s as t get t schl n time.He was s careless as t leave his car unlcked.
常用enugh t，sufficient t，nly t，never t，s + 形容词/副词 + as t, such + 名词… as t d引导。Wuld yu be s kind as t clse the dr, please?I tried the dr, nly t find it lcked inside.He is brave enugh t g ut alne at nightI’m nt such a fl as t believe that.
动词不定式作结果状语，常见于以下结构：
1. 在 t…t… (太……而不能)结构中，表示反面结果，如：
It’s never t late t learn.The case was t heavy t be carried by a child.
2. 在 …enugh t… (足够……以至于……)结构中。如：
I was frtunate enugh t get the ticket.The hall is large enugh t hld 3,000 peple.
这箱子太重了，小孩搬不动
我很幸运地得到了那张票。
这个大厅足够大，可以容纳3000人。
3. 在 never t… (不再)结构中，可以接后续的结果。如：
He left hme, never t return.She left, never t be seen again.
4. 在 nly t… (却，不料)结构中,不定式常表示没有预料到的结果。如：
I hurried t the statin, nly t find the train gne.He returned after the war, nly t be tld that his wife had left him.
他离开了家，再也没有回来。
她走了，再也没人见过她。
我匆忙赶到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。
战争结束后他回来，却被告知妻子已经离开了他。
5. 在 s… as t…（如此...以至于） 结构中。如：
She was s angry as t be unable t speak.
We are nt such fls as t believe him. She wn’t be such a careless persn as t frget t lck the dr.
6. 在 such + 名词 +as t… (如此...以至于)结构中。如：
她气得连话都说不出来了。
我们没有愚蠢到相信他的地步。
她不会粗心到忘记锁门的地步。
1. The gds are t heavy ________(carry).2. I hurried t his huse, nly ________(find) that he was nt at hme.3. I ran t the schl, nly _____________ (infrm) that I wasn’t admitted by Peking University. 4. This man was strng enugh _______(lift)the heavy stne.5. Dinsaurs have died ut n the earth, never __________(see) again.6. He is such a fl ____________ able t answer the questin.
t be infrmed
8. 不定式作原因状语
After the strng strm, we were very amazed t see that ur huse was in gd cnditin and ur grandparents were very delighted t knw that we were safe and sund.I am happy t see yu.She was sad t hear the bad news.
目的状语还可以用__________或_______来表示，但________不能置于句首。
The crnavirus requires the gvernment and the public t react even mre quickly t any signs r symptms f infectin, in rder t halt the spread f the virus and prevent the medical system frm being verwhelmed and the death tll(毁坏或伤亡人数) frm rising.
I'm s excited t be here.All f us are surprised t see his rapid prgress.
不定式作原因状语常用于表_____________之后。
表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。The nvel was said t have been published.I regret t have been with yu fr s many years.seem、appear、be said、be suppsed、be believed、be thught、be knwn、be reprted等动词常用于上面句型。
10. 不定式的省略现象，即用动词原形的情况
不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, ntice, lk at , listen t, verhear, bserve 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时。 I watched him disappear in the distance. 介词but ,except, besides 后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有行为动词d,不定式要省去t。 We did nthing but/except wait. 不定式符号t作表语时的省略。当主语部分有行为动词d, 作表语的不定式t可省略。 What I want t d nw is find sme bks t read.
11. 不定式后动词的省略
1. 动词lve, mean, want, hate, like, wish, expect, hpe，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad (pleased, delighted, happy) t 等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，只保留t不定式符号。
2. 句式 wuld have dne…, shuld have dne…, ught t have dne…, needn’t have dne …, used t be …等省略形式要保留不定式后的be或have。 ---Are yu a sailr ? --- N, but I used t be (a sailr ). ---Have yu finished yur hmewrk yet? --- N, but I shuld have (finished).
不定式口诀 本领最多不定式，主表宾补定和状。 样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。 用时千万要当心，有时它把句型改， 作主宾时用“it”, 自己在后把身藏。 七个感官三使役， 宾补要把t甩开； 疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当； 逻辑主语不定式，不定式前fr sb. ; t前nt表否定， 各种用法区别开。
1.Gerge returned after the war, nly_________(tell) that his wife had left him.2. — Is Bb still perfrming? — I'm afraid nt. He is said___________ (leave) the stage already as he has becme an fficial.3. I dn't want ________(sund)like I' m speaking ill f anybdy, but the manager' s plan is unfair. 4. ________(ensure) the safety f gas, the gvernment has checked the city's gas supply system thrughly.5. We were astnished _______ (find) the temple still in its riginal cnditin.6. Tm asked the candy makers if they culd make the chclate easier _________(break) int small pieces.
t have left
Applying the rules
a. bjectb. bject cmplementc. attributived. adverbial f purpsee. adverbial f result
______ 1 I’m srry that I cannt cme t yur birthday party tmrrw as I have an imprtant meeting t attend.______ 2 She hurried t the cinema, nly t find all the tickets had been sld ut.______ 3 I ask yu t cmplete the task n yur wn.______ 4 T reach the summit, we need a lcal guide.______ 5 We must learn t walk befre we can run.______ 6 I’m afraid they will have a difficult decisin t make.______ 7 T avid lsing a gd friend, yu need t aplgize as sn as pssible.______ 8 He left his hmetwn, never t be heard frm again.______ 9 We agreed t change ur plan at the meeting.______ 10 She invited me t watch a film.
______1 I’m srry that I cannt cme t yur birthday party tmrrw as i have an imprtant meeting t attend.______2 She hurried t the cinema, nly t find all the tickets had been sld ut.______ 3 I ask yu t cmplete the task n yur wn.______ 4 T reach the summit, we need a lcal guide.______ 5 We must learn t walk befre we can run.
______ 6 I’m afraid they will have a difficult decisin t make.______ 7 T avid lsing a gd friend, yu need t aplgize as sn as pssible.______ 8 He left his hmetwn, never t be heard frm again.______ 9 We agreed t change ur plan at the meeting.______ 10 She invited me t watch a film.
Please cmplete the exercises n Page 21
t find bks abut hurricanes in the schl library
t find he wasn’t in
t make PPT slides fr my prject
was actually the first t leave
t keep us warm
wanted t return hme as sn as pssible
nly t find it cmpletely destryed
advised us t take an active part in the rebuilding
单句语法填空1．Researchers frm Brigham Yung University discvered that fathers are in a unique psitin ____________ (help) their adlescent children learn persistence.2．Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability ____________ (walk) upright n tw legs.3．It seems a little crazy nce senir year hits t find the time_______ (visit) cllege campuses, and it can als be pricey if the schls yu are applying t happen t be mre than a car ride away.
4．D yu want a rm that's full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place ____________ (relax) after a lng day?5．Milwaukee, Wiscnsin, is rad testing a new way __________ (keep) winter rads ice-free—by spreading n them cheese brine, the salty liquid used t make sft cheeses, like mzzarella.6．A cmmittee f teachers will evaluate materials and give pinins. Students then have an pprtunity ____________ (imprve) their prducts.7．I tk ntes during the meeting, but I haven't had a chance ____________ (write) them int a reprt s far.8．After that, feeling the need ____________ (explre) further, I decided t drp in n ne f ASL club's meetings.9．I fund the pre-hlidays a gd time ____________ (encurage) yung children t dnate less-used things, and it wrked.
10．The plum trees are the first ____________ (flwer) even as the snw is melting.11．Cyclists jump n and ff pavements (which are meant fr pedestrians), ride at speed alng the pavements, and think they have a special right ____________ (g) thrugh traffic lights when they are n red.12．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, prud Irene declared she had n plans____________ (retire) frm her 36-year-ld business.13．What is the best way yu can imagine ____________ (reduce) the veruse f water in ur schl?14．In many hmes in the UK, the first persn____________ (wake) up has t make tea fr the family.
15．We had better put ff interviewing the athlete, fr he is busy preparing fr an internatinal cntest ____________(hld) in Shanghai next mnth.16．In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man__________ (win) an Olympic gld medal in swimming.17．In the “mn garden” nbard the Chang'e 4, the shts f cttn marked the first live matter ever ____________ (grw) n the mn.18．N ffence, but I want t say that the driver is nt the ne ____________ (blame) fr the accident.19．It was fficially reprted that the first mammal __________ (clne) successfully frm an adult cell was Dlly the Sheep.20．The lecture____________ (fllw) will include the radical changes brught abut by the French Revlutin.
Explring the rules
Typhn, hurricane, trnad …
What shuld peple d during a strng strm?
Stay inside and clse and lck all the windws and drs. Listen t the radi t keep infrmed f what is ging n ...
Read the dialgue n Page 20 .
Anna is interviewing her teacher, Mr Li, abut his experiences during a hurricane.
After reading, please answer the fllwing questins.
1. Hw did Mr Li knw that the hurricane was cming? Frm the lcal news n TV.
2. What made Mr Li scared during the hurricane?The pwer failure.
3. A hurricane is destructive. In what details can we knw it is destructive in this text? Please find them ut.The rad was blcked.There may be the pwer failure.Many huge trees lay acrss the street and water was seen everywhere.There was a lt f damage and suffering.
4. What shuld we d when a hurricane hits?
First, we shuld stay inside, because ging utside during a hurricane is much t dangerus.Secnd, we shuld prepare enugh fd and water t last a whle week.
Read the passage abut an interview and cmplete the tasks (P20)
Find the sentences with t-infinitives
I lked ut f the windw, nly t see huge trees lying acrss the street and water everywhere.
There was nthing fr me t d.
I had enugh fd and water t last a whle week.
Wrking ut the rules
When the t-infintive is used as an attributive, it is ften put (befre/after) the nun r prnun it mdifies.When the t-infintive is used as an adverbial f result, it can refer t an __________ (expected/unexpected) result. In this case, we ften use nly befre the t-infinitive.
What’s the functin f the t-infinitives in the fllwing sentences?
During a strng strm, we shuld stay at hme and listen t the radi t keep infrmed f what is ging n. Besides a radi, we can have a cmputer r a smart phne t update the infrmatin.
Adverbial f purpse
After the strng strm, we were very amazed t see that ur huse was in gd cnditin and ur grandparents were very delighted t knw that we were safe and sund.
Adverbial f result
She signalled her students t exit the classrm in an rderly line cvering their heads with their hands. And the headmaster asked them t stay utside until the strm was ver.
Object cmplement
1. Alice Brwn, head teacher, was teaching when the flr began t shake.2. It was very dangerus t stay inside during the hurricane.3. My jb tday was t keep the student calm utside.
Predicative
T have a healthy diet keeps us fit.T finish yur hmewrk n time every day is yur duty.
It keeps us fit t have a healthy diet.It is yur duty t finish yur hmewrk n time every day.
熟记以下句型：It is + adj. + t d sth.It is + a/an + n (pleasure ,pity, crime, hnr…) + t d sthIt is +adj.+ fr sb. +t d sth.It is +adj(表人品的)+ f sb.+ t d sth.It tk(sb) sme time / curage/ wisdm… +t d sth.It is n use/gd /useful/ useless / a waste f time + ding sth.
Practice makes perfect
每天阅读是很有用的。对她来说获得这个奖是一个巨大的荣誉。从超市买菜比从菜农那里买要贵。
It's mre expensive t buy vegetables frm supermarkets than frm farmers.
It is useful t read every day.
It's a great hnr fr her t win this award
1. __________ is my dream _____________(travel) t the mn by is an hnr _________(get) the gld medal in the Olympics3.It is necessary fr us _______(be) cnstantly reminded f ur shrtcmings.4. It is n gd_____________(pretend) t knw what yu dn’t knw. 5.It tk them five years ___________(build) the bridge.
They are cnsidering what t d next.Sme wh were famus in their wn times wuld find it difficult t achieve success tday.
熟记以下单词：decide，determine，wish，plan，want，manage，try，affrd，prmise，arrange，desire，pretend，refuse，expect，hpe，learn，ffer，fail，agree，frget，prefer，...
用动词不定式作宾语的动词
记忆口诀三个希望两答应（hpe，wish，want，agree，prmise） 两个要求莫拒绝（demand, ask, refuse） 设法学会做决定（manage，learn, decide） 不要假装在选择（pretend，chse） 打算提出两计划（intend, ffer,plan, mean) 申请失败负担起 (apply,fail, affrd) 准备渴望又碰巧 (prepare,desire, happen)
1.We agreed __________(meet) here but s far she hasn’t turned up Smith determined ________(g) t the his father came in , he pretended ________________(study).4. I find it interesting ___________(learn) cnsidered it his duty _________(care) abut the hmeless think it necessary ____________(increase) the salary.
t be studying
注意：不定式作某些特殊动词的宾语时，常用it作形式宾语, 而把真宾语不定式和动名词放在句末。think/cnsider/ find / feel / make /beilieve + it + adj / n + t d sth
What she wants t d mst nw is (t) travel abrad. The mst imprtant thing is t take measures t prevent the pllutin.
My wish is t be a dctr.Fr him, the first step is t find an ffice jb.The main purpse f the meeting was t elect a new manager.
我的愿望是成为一名医生。
对于他来说，第一步就是找一个办公室的工作。
这次会议的主要目的是选一名新经理。
The meeting t be held tmrrw is imprtant.I am s busy I have n time t write a letter.
I need a pen t write with.
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后。不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系或修饰关系。
1.动词不定式作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词或代词后面
Is this the best way t help him? 这是帮他的最佳方法吗？Yur wish t be a teacher is quite understandable. 你想成为一个教师的愿望是可以理解的。
① 名词或代词为动词不定式的逻辑主语(主谓关系)。如：
Wendy was the first student t arrive at schl.
②名词或代词为不定式的逻辑宾语(动宾关系)。如：
I have a meeting t attend.
Tip:如果不定式是不及物动词，需要加介词才能与名词之间构成动宾关系。如：
This is a gd tpic t talk abut.
2.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间常有一定的逻辑关系。
③ 名词与不定式是同位语关系(动词不定式与所修饰的名词指代的内容一致)。如：
I have a wish t g t cllege.We shuld have the curage t face any difficulty.They have fund ut a way t help the villages get rid f pverty.
常接不定式作定语的抽象名词有：ability, ambitin, chance, wish, attempt, decisin, mment, need, plan, prmise, reasn, time, way, curage, pprtunity 等。
3. 动词不定式作定语，有被动形式。如：
The huse t be built there will be a library.She made a list f the peple t be invited.
4. 当中心词被序数词、形容词最高级及the next, the nly, the last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。
She was the first wman t win the gld medal in the Olympic Games.She is the nly persn t be admitted t the cmmittee.
在那儿要建的房子将是一个图书馆。
她列了一张要邀请的人的名单。
她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女子。
她是唯一获准进入委员会的人。
1. D yu knw wh is the first Chinese ________ (walk) n the mn? 2. D yu have anything ________(say)? If nt, we will put an end t the meeting.3. He has n friend _______________(depend).4. Are yu ging t the meeting ____________(hld) next week?5. The new building ________________ ( cmplete) next year will be a city museum.6. There may be an pprtunity fr yu _______ (see) the famus star.
t depend n
t be cmpleted
5. 不定式作宾语补足语
My teacher asked me t g there n time.She was cnsidered t have stlen the mney.常接不定式作宾补的词有：ask, encurage, frce, permit, urge, direct, enable, invite, rder, want, wish等(1)My mm encuraged me ____________________ (imprve)my writing skills.(2)He ften makes his little sister ________(cry).
作宾语补足语不用t的常见动词：一感(feel), 二听(listen t, hear), 三让(make, let, have), 四看(see, lk at, watch, ntice)。
I ften hear the girl sing in English
我经常听到这个女孩唱英语歌
I see him enter the classrm.
考点归纳： 1.感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾补
see,watch ,bserve, lk at,ntice hearlisten tfeel
sb d sthsb ding sthsth dne
I saw her ________ (read) an English pem yesterday.She was seen __________ (read) an English pem yesterday.He ________(see) t crss the rad. I ________(see) him crss the rad. I heard her ________ (sing) a sng when I passed by her rm.I heard a sng _________ (sing) by a little girl yesterday.
2.使役动词 + 宾语 + 宾补: have let make
⑴ have sb d sth: have sb /sth ding sth: have sth dne:
使某人/某物一直做某事
⑵ make sb d sth: make neself dne:
I had my car ______ (wash) last week.I’m very busy. I have a lt f files ________ (type).Jim ften makes his sister ________ (cry), but this mrning he was made __________ (cry) by his sister.The place is nisy s he shuted t make himself ________ (hear).Yu’d better nt have the light ________ (burn) all day lng.I have had my bike___________(repair), and I'm ging t have smebdy ______(repair)my radi tmrrw.
总结: 动词 + 宾语(sb.) + t d sth
adviseallwaskbeg cause encurageexpectfrbidget intendinvitelikelve rderpersuadepreferpermitrequireteach tellwantwarnwish
6. 不定式作目的状语
Tim sat near the fire t get warm.The athletes practised hard t win the match.
相当于用in rder (nt) t，s as (nt) t引导的目的状语.I gt up early s as t get t schl n time.He was s careless as t leave his car unlcked.
常用enugh t，sufficient t，nly t，never t，s + 形容词/副词 + as t, such + 名词… as t d引导。Wuld yu be s kind as t clse the dr, please?I tried the dr, nly t find it lcked inside.He is brave enugh t g ut alne at nightI’m nt such a fl as t believe that.
动词不定式作结果状语，常见于以下结构：
1. 在 t…t… (太……而不能)结构中，表示反面结果，如：
It’s never t late t learn.The case was t heavy t be carried by a child.
2. 在 …enugh t… (足够……以至于……)结构中。如：
I was frtunate enugh t get the ticket.The hall is large enugh t hld 3,000 peple.
这箱子太重了，小孩搬不动
我很幸运地得到了那张票。
这个大厅足够大，可以容纳3000人。
3. 在 never t… (不再)结构中，可以接后续的结果。如：
He left hme, never t return.She left, never t be seen again.
4. 在 nly t… (却，不料)结构中,不定式常表示没有预料到的结果。如：
I hurried t the statin, nly t find the train gne.He returned after the war, nly t be tld that his wife had left him.
他离开了家，再也没有回来。
她走了，再也没人见过她。
我匆忙赶到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。
战争结束后他回来，却被告知妻子已经离开了他。
5. 在 s… as t…（如此...以至于） 结构中。如：
She was s angry as t be unable t speak.
We are nt such fls as t believe him. She wn’t be such a careless persn as t frget t lck the dr.
6. 在 such + 名词 +as t… (如此...以至于)结构中。如：
她气得连话都说不出来了。
我们没有愚蠢到相信他的地步。
她不会粗心到忘记锁门的地步。
1. The gds are t heavy ________(carry).2. I hurried t his huse, nly ________(find) that he was nt at hme.3. I ran t the schl, nly _____________ (infrm) that I wasn’t admitted by Peking University. 4. This man was strng enugh _______(lift)the heavy stne.5. Dinsaurs have died ut n the earth, never __________(see) again.6. He is such a fl ____________ able t answer the questin.
t be infrmed
8. 不定式作原因状语
After the strng strm, we were very amazed t see that ur huse was in gd cnditin and ur grandparents were very delighted t knw that we were safe and sund.I am happy t see yu.She was sad t hear the bad news.
目的状语还可以用__________或_______来表示，但________不能置于句首。
The crnavirus requires the gvernment and the public t react even mre quickly t any signs r symptms f infectin, in rder t halt the spread f the virus and prevent the medical system frm being verwhelmed and the death tll(毁坏或伤亡人数) frm rising.
I'm s excited t be here.All f us are surprised t see his rapid prgress.
不定式作原因状语常用于表_____________之后。
表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作。The nvel was said t have been published.I regret t have been with yu fr s many years.seem、appear、be said、be suppsed、be believed、be thught、be knwn、be reprted等动词常用于上面句型。
10. 不定式的省略现象，即用动词原形的情况
不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, ntice, lk at , listen t, verhear, bserve 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时。 I watched him disappear in the distance. 介词but ,except, besides 后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有行为动词d,不定式要省去t。 We did nthing but/except wait. 不定式符号t作表语时的省略。当主语部分有行为动词d, 作表语的不定式t可省略。 What I want t d nw is find sme bks t read.
11. 不定式后动词的省略
1. 动词lve, mean, want, hate, like, wish, expect, hpe，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad (pleased, delighted, happy) t 等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，只保留t不定式符号。
2. 句式 wuld have dne…, shuld have dne…, ught t have dne…, needn’t have dne …, used t be …等省略形式要保留不定式后的be或have。 ---Are yu a sailr ? --- N, but I used t be (a sailr ). ---Have yu finished yur hmewrk yet? --- N, but I shuld have (finished).
不定式口诀 本领最多不定式，主表宾补定和状。 样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。 用时千万要当心，有时它把句型改， 作主宾时用“it”, 自己在后把身藏。 七个感官三使役， 宾补要把t甩开； 疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当； 逻辑主语不定式，不定式前fr sb. ; t前nt表否定， 各种用法区别开。
1.Gerge returned after the war, nly_________(tell) that his wife had left him.2. — Is Bb still perfrming? — I'm afraid nt. He is said___________ (leave) the stage already as he has becme an fficial.3. I dn't want ________(sund)like I' m speaking ill f anybdy, but the manager' s plan is unfair. 4. ________(ensure) the safety f gas, the gvernment has checked the city's gas supply system thrughly.5. We were astnished _______ (find) the temple still in its riginal cnditin.6. Tm asked the candy makers if they culd make the chclate easier _________(break) int small pieces.
t have left
Applying the rules
a. bjectb. bject cmplementc. attributived. adverbial f purpsee. adverbial f result
______ 1 I’m srry that I cannt cme t yur birthday party tmrrw as I have an imprtant meeting t attend.______ 2 She hurried t the cinema, nly t find all the tickets had been sld ut.______ 3 I ask yu t cmplete the task n yur wn.______ 4 T reach the summit, we need a lcal guide.______ 5 We must learn t walk befre we can run.______ 6 I’m afraid they will have a difficult decisin t make.______ 7 T avid lsing a gd friend, yu need t aplgize as sn as pssible.______ 8 He left his hmetwn, never t be heard frm again.______ 9 We agreed t change ur plan at the meeting.______ 10 She invited me t watch a film.
______1 I’m srry that I cannt cme t yur birthday party tmrrw as i have an imprtant meeting t attend.______2 She hurried t the cinema, nly t find all the tickets had been sld ut.______ 3 I ask yu t cmplete the task n yur wn.______ 4 T reach the summit, we need a lcal guide.______ 5 We must learn t walk befre we can run.
______ 6 I’m afraid they will have a difficult decisin t make.______ 7 T avid lsing a gd friend, yu need t aplgize as sn as pssible.______ 8 He left his hmetwn, never t be heard frm again.______ 9 We agreed t change ur plan at the meeting.______ 10 She invited me t watch a film.
Please cmplete the exercises n Page 21
t find bks abut hurricanes in the schl library
t find he wasn’t in
t make PPT slides fr my prject
was actually the first t leave
t keep us warm
wanted t return hme as sn as pssible
nly t find it cmpletely destryed
advised us t take an active part in the rebuilding
单句语法填空1．Researchers frm Brigham Yung University discvered that fathers are in a unique psitin ____________ (help) their adlescent children learn persistence.2．Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability ____________ (walk) upright n tw legs.3．It seems a little crazy nce senir year hits t find the time_______ (visit) cllege campuses, and it can als be pricey if the schls yu are applying t happen t be mre than a car ride away.
4．D yu want a rm that's full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place ____________ (relax) after a lng day?5．Milwaukee, Wiscnsin, is rad testing a new way __________ (keep) winter rads ice-free—by spreading n them cheese brine, the salty liquid used t make sft cheeses, like mzzarella.6．A cmmittee f teachers will evaluate materials and give pinins. Students then have an pprtunity ____________ (imprve) their prducts.7．I tk ntes during the meeting, but I haven't had a chance ____________ (write) them int a reprt s far.8．After that, feeling the need ____________ (explre) further, I decided t drp in n ne f ASL club's meetings.9．I fund the pre-hlidays a gd time ____________ (encurage) yung children t dnate less-used things, and it wrked.
10．The plum trees are the first ____________ (flwer) even as the snw is melting.11．Cyclists jump n and ff pavements (which are meant fr pedestrians), ride at speed alng the pavements, and think they have a special right ____________ (g) thrugh traffic lights when they are n red.12．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, prud Irene declared she had n plans____________ (retire) frm her 36-year-ld business.13．What is the best way yu can imagine ____________ (reduce) the veruse f water in ur schl?14．In many hmes in the UK, the first persn____________ (wake) up has t make tea fr the family.
15．We had better put ff interviewing the athlete, fr he is busy preparing fr an internatinal cntest ____________(hld) in Shanghai next mnth.16．In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man__________ (win) an Olympic gld medal in swimming.17．In the “mn garden” nbard the Chang'e 4, the shts f cttn marked the first live matter ever ____________ (grw) n the mn.18．N ffence, but I want t say that the driver is nt the ne ____________ (blame) fr the accident.19．It was fficially reprted that the first mammal __________ (clne) successfully frm an adult cell was Dlly the Sheep.20．The lecture____________ (fllw) will include the radical changes brught abut by the French Revlutin.
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