适用于新教材2024版高考英语一轮总复习Unit5HumansandNature课件北师大版必修第二册

这是一份适用于新教材2024版高考英语一轮总复习Unit5HumansandNature课件北师大版必修第二册，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，课前预习背诵与积累，教材单词，核心短语，重点句型，主题词汇背记，自然与环境保护 ，续写语料积累，归纳 ，Ⅱ主题语境语块 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
课堂突破:核心考点复习
(一)必背重点词汇1.　fld　 n.洪水,水灾 2.　drught　 n.旱灾,干旱 3.　wildlife　 n.野生动植物,野生生物 4.　crwded　 adj.拥挤的;挤满人的 5.　landscape　 n.风景,景色 6.　living　 adj.活的,活着的 7.　weed　 n.野草;海藻 8.　deer　 n.鹿 9.　insect　 n.昆虫 
10.　sil　 n.土壤 11.　climate　 n.气候 12.　lecture　 n.讲座,讲课;演讲 13.　veruse　 vt.过度使用;滥用 14.　millin　 n.百万 15.　greenhuse　 n.温室,暖房 16.　wave　 n.海浪;波涛 17.　escape　 vi.& vt.逃离;逃避 18.　file　 n.档案,卷宗 19.　petry　 n.诗歌;作诗的艺术 20.　sul　 n.灵魂 
21.　extent　 n.面积;长度;范围;程度 22.　trap　 vt.困住;使陷于危险中 23.　attempt　 n.& vt.努力,尝试,企图 24.　lss　 n.丧失;死亡 25.　damage　 n.伤害,损伤,损害 26.　duty　 n.职责,义务;责任 27.　suffering　 n.(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨 28.　cnduct　 vt.实施;进行;执行 vi.& vt.指挥29.　lamp　 n.灯 30.　nearby　 adv.附近 
31.　breathe　 vi.& vt.呼吸 32.　dust　 n.灰尘;尘埃 33.　cheerful　 adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的 34.　prve　 vt.证明;证实 35.　distant　 adj.久远的;遥远的 36.　shelter　 n.避难所 37.　varied　 adj.各种各样的,形形色色的 
(二)识记阅读词汇1.hurricane n.　　飓风　 2.vlcanic adj.　火山的;由火山作用引起的　 3.eruptin n.　爆发　 4.cmment n.　评论;意见　 5.whale n.　鲸　 6.dlphin n.　海豚　 7.shark n.　鲨(鱼)　 8.kangar n.　袋鼠　 9.eagle n.　鹰　 10.fx n.　狐狸　 
11.eclgy n.　生态;生态学　 12.jungle n.　(热带)丛林　 13.edge n.　边缘　 14.hrrible adj. 可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的　 15.tube n.　圆管,管子;(伦敦)地铁　 16.rescue n.& vt. 营救;救援　 17.vehicle n.　交通工具,车辆　 18.verseas adv. 在海外,在外国　 19.site n.　场所,地点　 20.prcess n.　过程,进程　 
21.battle n.　较量,竞争;斗争;战斗　 22.ski n.　滑雪板　vi.　滑雪　 23.captain n.　上校;队长;组长　 24.plar adj.　极地的,地极的　 25.base n.　基地,大本营;基础　vt.　以……为基础　 26.cntinent n.　洲,大洲;大陆　 27.brchure n.　小册子　 28.aftershck n.　(地震的)余震　 29.metal n.　金属　 30.riginality n.　独创性;创造力　 31.skiing n.　滑雪运动　 
(三)串记拓展词汇1.　disaster　 n.灾难→　disastrus　 adj.灾难性的,造成灾害的 2.　shck　 vt.使震惊;使难以置信→　shcking　 adj.令人震惊的,极坏的→　shcked　 adj.震惊的;震撼的 3.　survive　 vi.& vt.活下来;幸存→　survival　 n.幸存→　survivr　 n.幸存者 4. fright n.惊吓→　frighten　 v.吓唬→ frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的→　frightening　 adj.令人惊恐的,骇人的 5.　curius　 adj.好奇的→　curiusly　 adv.好奇地→　curisity　 n.好奇心,新奇的事物 
6.　bserve　 vt.观察;遵守;庆祝→　bservatin　 n.观察;观察结果→　bservable　 adj.看得见的;觉察得到的;可遵守的,可庆祝的 7.　equal　 adj.相等的;相同的→　unequal　 adj.不平等的→　equality　 n.平等→　inequality　 n.不平等→　equally　 adv.平等地→　unequally　 adv.不平等地 8. interrupt vt.打断讲话→　interruptin　 n.打断 9.　die　 vi.死→　death　 n.死,死亡 10. measure vt.估量,衡量;测量→　measurement　 n.估量,衡量;测量→　measureless　 adj.无法测量的;无可估量的;无限的 11.　perate　 v.手术;操作→　peratin　 n.手术;行动,活动;操作→　perable　 adj.可动手术的 
12.　prtect　 vt.保护;防护→　prtectin　 n.保护;防护→　prtective　 adj.给予保护的,保护的 13.　prepare　 vt.准备;筹备,筹划→　preparatin　 n.预备,准备 14. ambitin n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→　ambitius　 adj.有抱负的,志向远大的→　ambitiusly　 adv.有抱负地,志向远大地 15.　hnest　 adj.坦诚的;诚实的→　hnesty　 n.坦诚;诚实,正直→　dishnest　 adj.不诚实的→ dishnesty n.不坦诚;不诚实,不正直 16. sincere adj.真诚的,真挚的,诚实的→　sincerely　 adv.真诚地,真挚地,诚实地→　sincerity　 n.真诚,真挚,诚实 
17.　brave　 adj.勇敢的,英勇的→　bravely　 adv.勇敢地,英勇地→　bravery　 n.勇气;勇敢的行为 18.　　appear　　 vi.出现→　disappear　 vi.消失→　appearance　 n.出现→　disappearance　 n.消亡;消失 
1. turn ne's back (n sb/sth) 对……置之不理,对……撒手不管 2.　be curius abut　 对……好奇 3.　fall dwn　 倒下 4.　　 把……系到……上 5.　make a decisin　 作出决定 6.　put n　 穿上;假装;上演 7.　pick up　 拾起,捡起;开车接;接收信号;无意中学会 8.　g ver　 过一遍,复习 9.　make rapid prgress　 取得快速进步 
10.break dwn 　停止运转,出故障　 11.be in preparatin fr 　为……准备　 12.cmment n 　对……评论　 13.pull int 　进入,驶进站　 14.have difficulty with 　在……方面有困难　 15.carry n 　继续　 16.run ut 　用完;耗尽　 17.breathe in 　吸气　 18.n the edge f 　在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)　 
1.句式凝练:It takes (sb) sme time t d sth句型。That was the day when it tk nly six hurs t break my bdy and sul .那一天我的身体和灵魂只用了六个小时就支离破碎了。2.句式凝练:as if表示“好像”句型。I felt sick,　as if I was falling frm a muntain tp in a dream　. 我觉得恶心,好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。3.句式凝练:What 句型。But 　what if I'm trapped　? 要是我困于其中怎么办?
4.句式凝练:have great difficulty (in) ding句型。The next t g was Captain Oates, wh was having great difficulty walking .下一个离去的是奥次·埃文船长,他连走路都困难。
高考常用高分词汇一、地形地貌1.gegraphy n.地理2.cntinent n.大陆3.valley n.山谷4.stream n.小溪5.desert n.沙漠6.landmark n.地标性建筑7.muntainus adj.多山的8.steep adj.陡峭的
二、自然灾害1.tsunami n.海啸2.acid rain 酸雨3.mudslide n.泥石流4.wildfire n.野火5.sandstrm n.沙尘暴6.ruin v.毁坏,破坏7.destry vt.摧毁,破坏8.threaten vt.威胁
三、救援与环保1.distribute vt.发放;分发2.evlutin n.进化3.extinct adj.灭绝的4.victim n.受害者5.preserve vt.保护6.irrigate vt.灌溉7.endangered adj.濒危的8.harmnius adj.和谐的
高考主题高频短语1.be abundant in富含;盛产　　　2.be lcated...坐落在,位于3.cver an area f占地面积为……4.take n a new lk呈现新面貌5.ff the cast f在……海岸附近6.be surrunded by被……所包围7.extreme climate极端天气8.average temperature平均温度9.drinking water shrtage饮用水缺乏10.die ut灭绝11.stricken area受灾地区12.cme t ne's rescue 前来营救某人13.be trapped in ruins被困在废墟中14.rebuild ne's hme 重建家园15.keep the balance f nature保持生态平衡
动作描写(四):动“手”语块必记1.hld ut ne's hand 伸出手2.spread ne's hands 摊开双手3.raise/put up ne's hand 举手4.hld ne's hand抓住某人的手5.shake hands with与……握手
佳句背诵1.I cupped my hand ver the phne s they culdn't hear me.我用手捂住电话,免得他们听到我的话。2.Her hands shk/trembled as she lifted the glass t her lips.她的手颤抖着把杯子送到唇边。3.I reached dwn and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I culd.我俯下身,尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。4.I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free.I pened my hands and up it flew twards the shining sun.我托起它的腿。忽然间,它自由了。我张开双手,它朝明亮的太阳飞去。
5.Withut thinking I gt ut f my car,held my hand up s the truck driver wuldn't mve frward,and bent dwn t lk at the butterfly.我想都没想就下了车,举起手不让卡车司机往前走,然后弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。
精美语段Suddenly I felt a hand n my arm and then anther n my face.I tried reaching fr my bx f matches,and grabbed it just in time,fr smene was trying t take them ut f my pcket.Frm every directin came these disgusting creatures,pulling at my hair and my clthing.Because I culd nt get hld f the matches firmly,I shuted as lud as I culd.突然,我感到一只手放在我的胳膊上,然后又一只手放在我的脸上。我试着伸手去拿我的火柴盒,及时抓住了它,因为有人想把它们从我的口袋里拿出来。这些可恶的生物从四面八方来,拉着我的头发和衣服。因为我不能牢牢抓住火柴,所以我竭尽全力大声叫喊。
1 通词句·基础自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写1.It was with the help f the lcal guide that the muntain climber was at last 　rescued　 (营救). 2.There is little dubt,hwever,that things will imprve in the nt t 　distant　 (遥远的) future. 3.Many 　deer　 (鹿) were eating grass n the hill when a plane flew acrss the sky. 4.Standing in the cld wind,I felt I culd hardly breathe (呼吸) prgramme that was aired last mnth has attracted 　millins　 (百万) f viewers. 
Ⅱ.词形转换1.It was nearly ten 'clck at night.Her daughter nt arriving hme,Mrs.Smith felt very 　anxius　.She lked at her husband and asked 　anxiusly　, “When will ur daughter return?” The husband cmfrted her and answered, “Dn't wrry.She will sn be back.” His tne bviusly shwed his anxiety .(anxius) 2.When the big by 　frightened　 the little girl that he wuld tell her father what she had dne,the girl felt very 　frightened　.In fact what she culdn't frget was the 　frightening　 scene she went thrugh where a 　frightening　 dg was running after her.(frighten) 
3.In the freign cmpany,nt everyne is 　equal　 s many emplyees fight fr 　equality　.They think it's 　unequal　 that the wrkers wh d hard wrk aren't paid enugh,which means peple in the cmpany are nt treated 　equally　.(equal) 4.Sme 　explrers　 set ut last mnth.They hped t explre the jungles in the west where they wanted t discver sme new species.The public lked frward t the success f their explratin .(explre) 5.Each f thse 　survivrs　 wed their 　survival　 t the supprt f the brave sldiers,wh risked their lives t save them.Withut the sldiers,they said,they wuld never have 　survived　 the terrible earthquake.(survive) 
Ⅲ.语篇填空A team f explrers were driving their car when their car came t a stp.Thinking that it 1.　brke dwn　 (抛锚),they gt ff the car but nthing was wrng with it.They asked sme passers-by fr help,but sme just 2.　turned their backs n　 (对……置之不理) them.They then 3.　made the decisin　 (作出决定) that they wuld 4.　put n　(穿上) their ld clthes and push their car frward.Many passers-by 5. were curius abut (对……好奇) their behaviur and stpped t lk at them.At first they 6.　made rapid prgress　 (取得快速进步),but f curse,they 7.　had difficulty with　 (在……方面有困难) the push fr a lng time.Even ne f them was t tired and 8.　fell dwn　(摔倒).The thers had t lift him up.They had n chice but 9.　t carry n　 (继续) checking the car and fund that it 10.　ran ut f　 (用完) il. 
Ⅳ.句式仿写1.过去从我的家乡乘火车到北京需要将近二十个小时的时间,现在只需要不到六个小时。In the past 　it tk nearly twenty hurs t get t Beijing　 frm my hmetwn,but nw it needs less than six hurs. 2.爸爸似乎要生气了。我们都保持沉默。Dad seemed 　as if　 he wuld get angry.We all kept silent. 3.要是他们不能按时完成这项任务怎么办?　What if　 they culdn't finish the task n time? 4.站在长凳上我很难保持平衡。When I std n the bench,　I had great difficulty (in) keeping balance　. 
2 研考点·增分课堂
核心词汇突破1.cmment n.评论,议论　vi.& vt.表达意见;作出评论[练会]单句语法填空①I dn't feel I can cmment 　n　 yur decisin,but I can ffer yu sme f my suggestins. ②Have yu gt any cmments 　t make　(make) abut the cause f the disaster? 
[写美]一句多译·背诵露茜的朋友们经常评论说她的性格多么温和。(写作话题之人物介绍)→③Lucy's friends ften 　　cmment n　　 hw gentle her character is. →④Lucy's friends ften 　make cmments n/abut　 hw gentle her character is. 
佳句 What yu shuld keep in mind all the time is that yu can't cmment till yu knw the facts.你应该始终记住的是直到知道了事实才能作评论。(应用文之建议信)
2.shck vt.使震惊;使难以置信　n.冲击,震惊→shcking adj.令人震惊的→shcked adj.惊愕的,震惊的[练会]单句语法填空①(2020全国Ⅱ卷)My wife was als 　in　 shck when she did realize it wasn't a dream. ②(2020全国Ⅱ卷)And I went hme,and ver that weekend I wrte the stry Cliffrd the Big Red Dg,and was shcked (shck) when it was accepted fr publicatin,because I'd never written anything befre. ③It's 　shcking　 (shck) that in this cuntry hspitals shuld deny help t lder peple. 
[写美]单句写作·背诵④令我们震惊的是每年有这么多的野生动物被杀死。(写作话题之环境保护)It cmes as a shck t us that s many wild animals are killed every year.
佳句 We were shcked t knw that s many peple died in the fld.我们震惊地了解到如此多的人死于洪水。(写作话题之环境保护)
3.escape n.& vi.& vt.逃跑,逃避,逃脱;溢出[练会]单句语法填空①Because f carelessness the by wh didn't bey the traffic rules 　narrwly　 (narrw) escaped in the car accident. ②(2020天津卷)The thief tries 　t escape　(escape).And the fficer can't let him get away. ③If nt educated timely,the kid will nt escape falling (fall) int a bad habit.[写美]微写作·背诵④如果你违反了学校规则,你别指望能逃脱惩罚。If yu break the schl rules,never depend n it that yu can escape 　being punished　. 
佳句 There is n escaping the fact that China has been develping very rapidly in the last frty years.毫无疑问中国在过去的四十年一直迅速发展。
4.survive vi.幸存,生存下来　vt.比……活得长;幸免于,从……中逃生,幸存→survivr n.生还者,幸存者→survival n.幸存;幸存物[练会]单句语法填空①(2022全国甲卷)Presenting the best f the West End alng with the pick f the UK's turing shws,the New Theatre is Cardiff's ldest surviving (survive) traditinal theatre.②Fr a sudden heart failure,the single best chance fr 　survival　 (survive) is having smene nearby step in and d CPR quickly. 
[写美]句式升级·背诵③After she had survived that night,she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.→　Having survived that night　,she was cnfident that everything else wuld be all right.(用分词作状语改写) 
名师点睛 表示“从(事故/测试/坠机/地震)中生还”时,survive是及物动词,在其后不可用介词frm。佳句 All these buildings survived frm Qing Dynasty.所有这些建筑都是从清代留存至今的。(写作话题之传统文化)
5.equal adj.平等的,均等的;相同的;能胜任的　vt.比得上,敌得过　n.对手,同辈,匹敌→equality n.平等→equally adv.平等地,均等地→unequal adj.不平等的→inequality n.不平等[练会]单句语法填空①(2022全国乙卷)Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides 　equally　 (equal) cntact(联系) and share with ne anther. ②All peple in the cmpany have the 　equality　 (equal) f pprtunity. [写美]一句多译·背诵在勇气上没有人能和他相媲美,这一点大家都知道。→③N ne matches him in curage,abut which everyne knws. →④N ne is equal t him in curage,abut which everyne knws. →⑤N ne equals him in curage,abut which everyne knws. 
名师点睛 “胜任”的不同表达:be equal t/be up t/be suitable/fit fr/be qualified fr/be cmpetent fr佳句 I'm really equal t the psitin as I'm a lcal student wh knws the surrundings very well.我是当地学生,对周围的环境非常了解,所以能胜任这个职位。(应用文之申请信)
6.trap vt.使困住,诱骗,使陷入困境　n.陷阱,圈套[练会]单句语法填空①(2019天津卷)We succeed in ur field f specializatin and then becme trapped 　in　 it. ②　Trapped　 (trap) in ruins,the little girl still kept calm,wearing a smile and waiting t be rescued. [写美]句式升级·背诵③Many peple were trapped in the fld,and they were in great demand f fds.(写作话题之自然灾害)→　Trapped in the fld　,many peple were in great demand f fds.(用过去分词短语作状语改写) 
佳句 Dn't fall int the trap f signing smething withut reading it carefully first.不要没仔细看就签字,小心上当。
7.attempt vt.& n.尝试,试图→attempted adj.未遂的,企图的[练会]单句语法填空①(2020全国Ⅰ卷)But ur insisting it's merely a windw has kept them frm 　attempting　 (attempt) millins f requests t pen the dr. ②(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Every year abut 40,000 peple attempt t climb (climb) Kilimanjar,the highest muntain in Africa. ③The by wre a mask in 　an　 attempt t frighten the dg away. [写美]微写作·背诵④这些天,我和我的同学们正在努力工作,试图创作一部短剧。(写作话题之课外活动)These days my classmates and I are wrking hard 　in an attempt t create　 a shrt play. 
佳句 I suggest that yu shuld g n a healthy diet and keep regular exercise in an attempt t lse weight.我建议你进行健康饮食,坚持有规律的锻炼来尝试减肥。(应用文之建议信)
8.cnduct vt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏);实施　n.行为,举止→cnductr n.指挥,(公共汽车)售票员→cnductive adj.导电的,导热的[练会]单句语法填空①(2020全国Ⅰ卷)A study 　cnducted　 (cnduct) in Yungstwn,Ohi,fr example,discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. ②(2019北京卷)With her dad's permissin,she spent the next tw years researching nline and 　cnducting　 (cnduct) trials t get a recipe that was bth tasty and tth-friendly. [写美]微写作·背诵③在我们的帮助下,在养老院的那些老人表现得都非常好。With ur help,ld peple in the nursing hme cnducted themselves well .
佳句 The pll cnducted amng teenagers indicates that kids are eager t be cmfrted when they fail t perfrm well at schl.那项在青少年中进行的民意测验表明孩子们在学校表现不好的时候渴望得到安慰。
9.preparatin n.准备,预备;(常用复数)准备工作,准备措施→prepare v.准备→prepared adj.准备好的→unprepared adj.没有准备好的[练会]单句语法填空①(2021全国乙卷)Be prepared 　t have　 (have) awkward cnversatins with strangers. ②Training fr a marathn requires careful preparatin (prepare) and steady,gradual increases in the length f the runs.③Plans fr building new high-speed railways are nw 　in　 preparatin. 
[写美]微写作·背诵④我们目前正在为英语短剧表演做准备,我们认为你的指导会给我们宝贵的启发。(应用文之咨询信)We are currently 　in preparatin fr　 the English shrt play and I think yur guidance will give us valuable inspiratin. 
佳句 I'm really srry that I can't accmpany yu t the cncert because I am making preparatins fr the cming exam.很抱歉我不能陪你去听音乐会了,因为我正在为即将到来的考试做准备。(应用文之道歉信)
10.base n.基地,大本营;基础　vt.以……为基地→basic adj.基本的,基础的;初级的→basis n.基础[练会]单句语法填空①(2020全国Ⅰ卷)The beauty f rereading lies in the idea that ur bnd with the wrk is based 　n　 ur present mental register. ②(2019全国Ⅰ卷)Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants 　based　 (base) n hw they typed,with very lw errr rates. [写美]句式升级·背诵③Their relatinship is based n respect and trust,s it will last lng.→　Based n respect and trust　,their relatinship will last lng.(用分词作状语改写) 
佳句 We shuld always keep in mind that ur future is based n ur knwledge and skills rather than gd lks.我们应该永远记住,我们的未来是基于我们的知识和技能,而不是漂亮的外表。(应用文之演讲稿)
11.bserve vt.看到,观察到;观察,观测,监视;遵守;庆祝;纪念→bserver n.观察者→bservatin n.观察,观察力;观测[练会]写出bserve的含义①(2020天津卷)After years f bserving human nature,I have decided that tw qualities make the difference between men f great achievement and men f average perfrmance—curisity and discntent.　观察　 ②When we attend the parade t bserve the Natinal Day,we must bserve the traffic regulatins.If we bserve smene run a red light,we shuld stp him.　庆祝,遵守,观察到　 
[写美]句式升级·背诵③On the tp f Muntain Tai,peple excitedly bserved that the sun was rising frm the sea.(写作话题之旅游)→On the tp f Muntain Tai,peple excitedly bserved the sun rising frm the sea.(同义句改写) 
名师点睛 bserve sb ding强调“看到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行,而bserve sb d则表示“观察某人做了某事”,强调看到动作的全过程。佳句 Walking in the park,we can bserve many beautiful birds playing happily in the trees.在公园里散步,我们可以看到许多美丽的小鸟在树上快乐地玩耍。
12.turn ne's back n对……置之不理,对……撒手不管[练会]单句语法填空①(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)If it is nt turned 　in　 by the 4th day after the due date,it will earn a zer. ②(2021全国甲卷)Sme will turn 　t　 their parents r teachers fr help. ③The games my parents taught me when I was a child turned 　ut　 t be very useful later in my life. [写美]微写作·背诵④面试时,你应当比约定时间提前几分钟到场。(应用文之建议信)At the interview,yu are suppsed 　t turn up　 a cuple f minutes earlier than the appinted time. 
佳句 The prfessr's lecture starting with a humur turned all f us n.教授以一个幽默开头的讲座让我们大家都感兴趣。
13.run ut用完,耗尽[练会]单句语法填空①(2019全国Ⅱ卷)He had tried t cax (哄) the dg t him but,frightened,it had run 　ff　. ②After less than a week,I started nticing that the grceries were running 　ut　 pretty quickly. ③If yu g n riding yur bike like this,yu'll sner r later get run 　ver　. 
[写美]一句多译·背诵自然资源耗尽了,我们人类将无法再在地球上生存。(写作话题之自然保护)→④　When we run ut f the natural resurces,we humans will n lnger be able t live n the earth.　 →⑤　When the natural resurces are run ut f,we humans will n lnger be able t live n the earth.　 →⑥　When the natural resurces run ut,we humans will n lnger be able t live n the earth.　 
名师点睛 run ut f“用完”,主语通常是人,及物,可用于被动语态。run ut “用完,用光”,主语通常是物,不及物,不带宾语,不用于被动语态。佳句 As high schl students,we run int ne difficulty after anther in the prcess f learning.作为高中生,在学习的过程中我们会遇到一个又一个困难。(写作话题之校园生活)
14.break dwn (机器)出故障,损坏,不能运转;失败;(化学)分解;精神崩溃;感情失去控制[练会]单句语法填空①(2020天津卷)Jnes' idea has been fully realized—the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break 　dwn　 the invisible scial barrier that keeps peple frm saying hell. ②A terrible strm breaking 　ut　,n huses r ther buildings were damaged. ③Nrtn Sund was cvered with ice,which culd smetimes break 　up　 withut warning. 
[写美]句式升级·背诵④Unfrtunately,ur car didn't wrk n the way t see my grandparents.→ Unfrtunately,ur car brke dwn n the way t see my grandparents.　(同义句改写) 
佳句 Scientists say they are beginning t break thrugh in the fight against cancer.科学家们说,他们在治疗癌症方面开始有所突破。
★补遗缺 微点练全Ⅰ.一词多义洪水,水灾;大量　B.vt.灌满水;淹没;泛滥;扩展到;大量涌入;涌现①Because f the event,the ffice was flded with cmplaints.　B　 ②The river had burst its banks and flded the valley.　B　 ③The pain was s bad that I wuld be in flds f tears.　A　 ④Over 25 peple drwned when a cach tried t crss a river and fld swept thrugh.　A　 
递送　B.v.发表　C.v.接生　D.v.交给,交出①Althugh the cuple had planned t have their baby at hme,they never expected t deliver her themselves!　C　 ②The president will deliver a speech abut schls.　B　 ③The millinaire delivered ver his prperty t his nly daughter.　D　 ④We were tld the pizza wuld be delivered in 20 minutes.　A　 
Ⅱ.熟词生义1.title(P102)
2.measure(P102)
3.bserve(P41)
重点句型透视1.It takes (sb) sme time t d sth句型[教材原句]That was the day when it tk nly six hurs t break my bdy and sul.(P30)那一天我的身体和灵魂只用了六个小时就支离破碎了。[练会]单句语法填空①It will take the farmers a week 　t irrigate　 (irrigate) these fields. ②　It　 tk us tw hurs t persuade him t change his mind. [写美]一句多译·背诵为即将到来的聚会做准备花了我们好几天的时间。→③It tk us quite a few days t prepare fr the cming party. →④We spent quite a few days in preparing fr the cming party. 
归纳(1)It takes (sb) sme time t d sth表示“花(某人)多久去做某事”,其中it为形式主语,后面的动词不定式为真正主语。(2)该句型可以和spend句型进行改写,spend常用句式为:sb spends sme time n sth/(in) ding sth。另外,spend也可用以表示花钱。佳句 It tk us three hurs t help the farmers t pick the watermeln n the farm.在农场帮那些农民摘西瓜花去了我们三个小时的时间。(写作话题之社会实践)
2.as if表示“好像”句型[教材原句]I felt sick,as if I was falling frm a muntain tp in a dream.(P31)我觉得恶心,好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。[练会]单句语法填空①The kids were very friendly with her and even lked up t her as if she 　were　 (be) their wn mther. ②The teacher talked with us as if he 　had knwn　 (knw) abut that. 
[写美]句式升级·背诵③The stranger walked back and frth in the hall as if he was lking fr smething.→The stranger walked back and frth in the hall as if lking fr smething . (用省略句改写) ④Tny std under the tree with his head bent as if he was criticized by his mther.→Tny std under the tree with his head bent as if criticized by his mther . (用省略句改写) 
归纳(1)as if表示“好像”,等同于as thugh,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。(2)当主句为一般将来时态时,as if/thugh引导的让步状语从句应用一般现在时态。(3)as if/thugh引导的从句中,主语和主句主语相同,且含有be动词时,可省略从句主语和be动词。(4)在as if/thugh引导的从句中,如果从句内容和事实相符用真实语气,和事实不符则应用虚拟语气。
佳句Waiting fr the result f the cmpetitin,he felt as if his heart had stpped beating.等待比赛的结果时,他感觉他的心脏好像停止了跳动。(写作话题之体育运动)
3.What 句型[教材原句]But what if I'm trapped?(P103) 要是我困于其中怎么办?[练会]微写作①假若下起雨来,我们又没处避雨可怎么办?　What if it rains　 when we can't get under shelter? ②万一我生病不能去爬山了怎么办?　What if I shuld fall sick　 and be unable t climb the hill? ③假如警察没有经过那家超市会怎么样?　What if the pliceman hadn't passed　 by the supermarket? [写美]句式升级·背诵④What will we d if ur head teacher desn't agree with us?→　What if ur head teacher desn't agree with us?　(同义句改写) 
归纳(1)What 常用以提出假设,表示“如果……怎么办?”“要是……会怎么样?”。(2)What 后的句子可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,针对现在和将来情况常用过去时态,针对过去情况常用过去完成时态。佳句 What if the habitats f these animals were destryed?要是这些动物的栖息地被毁坏了怎么办?
4.have difficulty (in) ding句型[教材原句]The next t g was Captain Oates,wh was having great difficulty walking.(P37)下一个离去的是奥次·埃文船长,他连走路都困难。[练会]单句语法填空①(2020天津卷)If yu have difficulties 　reading　 (read),ask abut special reading pprtunities. ②(2019北京卷)If they have prblems 　with　 registratin,Wilsn is there t assist them. ③Whatever difficulty yu have 　writing　 (write) the reprt,dn't hesitate t ask yur manager fr advice. 
[写美]单句写作·背诵④我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难,这使得我很适合做志愿者。(应用文之申请信)I have little difficulty (in) cmmunicating with freigners,which makes me fit fr a vlunteer.　 
归纳(1)have great difficulty walking“走路都很困难”,have difficulty (in) ding sth句型表示“做某事有困难”。(2)该句型也可用have prblems/truble (in) ding sth,当后面跟名词时则需要用句型have difficulty/prblems/truble with sth。佳句I'm srry t learn abut the difficulty yu have in cmmunicating with yur deskmate.知道你和你的同桌交流有困难我很难过。(应用文之安慰信)
3 练续写·锤炼技能　
场景描写——灾难及救援Ⅰ.主题语境词汇
Ⅲ.基于主题语境续写对练1.完成句子(1)丹尼斯正在家熟睡的时候,突然一个很大的声音把他吵醒了。(be )Dennis was sleeping sundly at hme when a lud sund wke him up .(2)他从卧室的窗户向外看去,注意到一辆翻倒的车下窜出火焰。(v.-ing 作状语;ntice sth ding;sht) Lking ut f his bedrm windws ,he 　nticed flames shting ut　 frm under an upside-dwn vehicle. 
(3)他起床,打了一个紧急电话,抓起灭火器,跑向那辆不能动的汽车。(动词的联动;v.-ing作状语)He 　gt up　,　made an emergency call　 and grabbed the fire extinguisher,　　running t the brken car　　. (4)接近那辆车,眼前的情况让他非常震惊,一名年轻男子被卡在车内,显然非常疼痛。(v.-ing作状语; where引导定语从句;介词短语作状语)　Appraching the vehicle　,he was shcked at the situatin 　where a yung man was stuck/trapped　 in the car,　in visible pain　. (5)丹尼斯毫不犹豫地开始行动。灭火器连续喷了两下,火被扑灭了。(介词短语;并列句) Withut hesitatin ,Dennis started t act.　Tw gd bursts were sht　 frm the extinguisher and the fire was put ut. 
(6)他告诉年轻人不要动,以防止他伤着他的脖子。(in case引导从句)He tld the yung man t stay still 　in case he injured his neck　. (7)不久,医生们来了,丹尼斯感到非常欣慰。(副词作状语;relieve) Shrtly after ,the dctrs arrived and Dennis 　felt greatly relieved　. 
2.衔接美文将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。Dennis was sleeping sundly at hme when a lud sund wke him up.Lking ut f his bedrm windws,he nticed flames shting ut frm under an upside dwn vehicle.Immediately,he gt up,made an emergency call and grabbed the fire extinguisher,running t the brken car.Appraching the vehicle,he was shcked at the situatin where a yung man was stuck/trapped in the car,in visible pain.Withut hesitatin,Dennis started t act.Tw gd bursts were sht frm the extinguisher and the fire was put ut.Then,he tld the yung man t stay still in case he injured his neck.Shrtly after,the dctrs arrived and Dennis felt greatly relieved. 
4 测效果·课堂评价
Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点A组　基础必练1.After millins f experiments,the experts' thery prves (prve) true nw and is put int attractive tur takes yu t sme f San Francisc's mst cheerful (cheer) hliday said that they regretted the disappearance (disappear) f a histrical was generally accepted that 　vlcanic　(vlcan) rcks with such high levels f the metal culd nt exist. 
5.Arund the year 600,the 　eruptin　 (erupt) f a nearby vlcan buried all thse buildings. 
B组　高考链接6.(2020天津卷) many f tday's sund prfessinals are sharing their knwledge and experience with prfessinals in ther fields t create new prducts 　based　 (base) n the phenmenn we call sund. 7.(2021全国乙卷)One afternn,while attempting (attempt) t get int bed she cllapsed (倒下) frm what was eventually discvered t be a heart attack.8.(2020天津卷)It's been years since they were dusty (dust) little rms with bks.9.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The quality f life in France is 　equally　 (equal) excellent. 10.(2021全国甲卷)I fell nt the stnes, damaging (damage) a nerve in my hand,and Tby came ver,helping me up:Safe,man.Safe.
Ⅱ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点It was a ht summer.Sme junir schl bys were playing near a river where they felt very curius 1.　abut　 the stnes n the bttm f the river.One recmmended they 2.　pick　 (pick) sme f the stnes and they culd swim t fight against the heat at the same time.The thers agreed.Sn after they swam in the river,a disastrus 3.　thing　 happened.One by was drwned in the deep part.The ther bys felt very 4.　frightened　 (fright). Then they began t swim t him,5.　attempting　 (attempt) t save him,6.　but　 failed and they were als drwned.At that mment,a yung man was passing by.Observing the bys 7.　struggling　 (struggle) in the water, withut thinking,the man jumped int the river.He saved the bys ne by ne.
8.　While/Althugh/Thugh　 he felt very exhausted,he felt very satisfied because there were n 9. deaths (die).When the villagers arrived,they praised the yung man fr his 10.　bravery　 (brave),wh walked away withut saying wh he was. 
Ⅲ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)【写作素材】1.海洋污染正成为一个日益严重的问题,我们应该立即采取措施来解决它。(take immediate measures)2.每个人都应该努力在这场战斗中发挥自己的作用。(attempt t play ne's rle in the battle)3.当然,我们很难靠自己的力量保护所有的海洋动物。(have difficulty ding)4.因此,在一定程度上,我们需要共同努力,首先应该做的是禁止人们向海洋扔垃圾。(t a certain extent)
5.此外,制造环保船舶也同样重要。(be equally imprtant)6.在保护海洋的过程中,世界各国都应该承担起责任。(in the prcess f sea prtectin)
【连句成篇】 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。S serius is sea pllutin becming that we shuld take immediate measures t slve it.Everyne shuld attempt t play his rle in the battle. Of curse,we have difficulty (in) prtecting all the marine animals n ur wn.Therefre,t a certain extent, we need jint effrts and what shuld be dne first is banning peple frm thrwing rubbish int the sea.Besides, it's equally imprtant t make ships envirnmentally friendly. In the prcess f sea prtectin,all the cuntries thrughut the wrld shuld take the respnsibility. 
(江苏卷,阅读理解C)El Niñ,a Spanish term fr “the Christ child”,was named by Suth American fishermen wh nticed that the glbal weather pattern,which happens every tw t seven years,reduced the amunt f fishes caught arund Christmas.El Niñ sees warm water,cllected ver several years in the western Pacific,flw back eastwards when winds that nrmally blw westwards weaken,r smetimes the ther way rund.
The weather effects,bth gd and bad,are felt in many places.Rich cuntries gain mre frm pwerful Niñs,n balance,than they lse.A study fund that a strng Niñ in 1997-98 helped America's ecnmy grw by $15 billin,partly because f better agricultural harvests:farmers in the Midwest gained frm extra rain.The ttal rise in agricultural incmes in rich cuntries is greater than the fall in pr nes.But in Indnesia extremely dry frests are in flames.A multi-year drught (干旱) in suth-east Brazil is becming wrse.Thugh heavy rains brught abut by El Niñ may relieve the drught in Califrnia,they are likely t cause surface flding and ther disasters.
The mst recent pwerful Niñ,in 1997-98,killed arund 21,000 peple and caused damage wrth $36 billin arund the glbe.But such Niñs cme with mnths f warning,and s much is knwn abut hw they happen that gvernments can prepare.Accrding t the Overseas Develpment Institute (ODI),hwever,just 12% f disaster-relief funding in the past tw decades has gne n reducing risks in advance,rather than recvery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dllar spent n risk-reductin saves at least tw n recnstructin.
Simple imprvements t infrastructure(基础设施) can reduce the spread f disease.Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is fllwed by an utbreak f the disease f bad stmach.Strnger bridges mean villages are less likely t be left withut fd and medicine after flds. Accrding t a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and c-authrs,civil cnflict is related t El Niñ's harmful effects—and the prer the cuntry,the strnger the link.Thugh the relatinship may nt be causal,helping divided cmmunities t prepare fr disasters wuld at least reduce the risk that thse disasters are fllwed by killing and wunding peple.Since the prest are least likely t make up fr their lsses frm disasters linked t El Niñ, reducing their lsses needs t be the pririty.
真题再做61.What can we learn abut El Niñ in Paragraph 1?A.It is named after a Suth American takes place almst every year all ver the frces fishermen t stp catching fish arund sees the changes f water flw directin in the cean.答案:D解析:细节理解题。第一段概括说明了厄尔尼诺现象名字的来源,发生的时间、地点、现象的成因等内容。根据文中“back eastwards”和“nrmally blw westwards”等关键词可知D项正确。
62.What may El Niñs bring abut t the cuntries affected?A.Agricultural harvests in rich cuntries becme mre harmful than cuntries' gains are greater than their cuntries suffer less frm drughts ecnmically.答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段中 “Rich cuntries gain mre...”排除A项,错误点出在fall一词;B项的说法没有根据,文章中并没有做出对比;D项错在less一词,从文章第二段和第三段的说明可知,一些贫困的国家,如印度尼西亚,遭受到严重的干旱,影响了国家的经济发展。C项的题源句为第二段中“Rich cuntries gain mre frm pwerful Niñs, n balance, than they lse.”,句意为“总的来说,富裕国家得大于失。”
63.The data prvided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that 　　　. A.mre investment shuld g t risk reductinB.gvernments f pr cuntries need mre aidC.victims f El Niñ deserve mre cmpensatinD.recvery and recnstructin shuld cme first答案:A解析:推理判断题。题源句为:Accrding t the Overseas Develpment Institute(ODI), hwever, just 12% f disaster-relief funding in the past tw decades has gne n reducing risks in advance, rather than recvery and rebuilding afterwards.句意为:然而根据海外研究所提供的数字,在过去的20年里,相比于灾后恢复和重建,只有12%的赈灾资金用于事先的减灾预防。just的内涵意义是“言其少”,因此选择A项。B、C项文章没有提及,D项弄反了作者的观点。
64.What is the authr's purpse in writing the passage?A.T intrduce El Niñ and its explain the cnsequences f El Niñ shw ways f fighting against El Niñ urge peple t prepare fr El Niñ.答案:D解析:作者意图题。作者首先简要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象,列举了其危害性,进而引出作者写作的真实意图:厄尔尼诺现象是可预报、可预防的,因此政府部门以及有关人员应该积极行动起来做好灾害的防范工作。A、B、C三项都属于以偏概全,以事实细节代替写作目的。
语言能力1.掌握构词知识
3.积累高频词块(1)every tw t seven years 　每隔两到七年　 (2)the glbal weather pattern 　全球天气模式　 (3)the ther way rund 　与之相反　 (4)n balance 　总而言之,总的来说　 (5)relieve the drught 　缓解旱情　 (6)in advance 　提前　 (7)rather than 　而不是　 (8)make up fr 　弥补　 
4.赏析续写佳句El Niñ sees warm water,cllected ver several years in the western Pacific, flw back eastwards when winds that nrmally blw westwards weaken,r smetimes the ther way rund.在厄尔尼诺现象中,　西太平洋积聚了数年的温暖海水　,当通常向西吹的风减弱时,会向东回流,有时也会反过来。 
5.破解复杂句式El Niñ,a Spanish term fr “the Christ child”,was named by Suth American fishermen wh nticed that the glbal weather pattern,which happens every tw t seven years,reduced the amunt f fishes caught arund Christmas.分析:本句为含有两个定语从句和一个宾语从句的主从复合句。主句部分为El Niñ was named by Suth American fishermen;a Spanish term fr “the Christ child” 作　同位语　,对El Niñ作进一步的解释;在wh引导的定语从句中,又包含that引导的　宾语　从句和which引导的　定语　从句。 译文:　厄尔尼诺现象,西班牙语 “圣婴现象” 的音译,是由南美洲渔民命名的,他们注意到全球天气 (变化) 模式会使临近圣诞节的捕鱼量减少,这一现象每两至七年发生一次。　 
技法点拨破解“写作意图题”两招1.依据文体特点推意图(1)记叙文:一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性语言,且往往有一定的哲理性,所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开的。(2)应用文:文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍,使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。(3)说明文:推断作者的写作目的在于对文章主旨的把握,阅读时需要找准主题句。(4)议论文:提出论点——进行论证——得出结论,作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。