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【备战2024年高考】英语 语法填空专项 专题14+非谓语动词综合练习100题-（高考真题+名校模拟真题）
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这是一份【备战2024年高考】英语 语法填空专项 专题14+非谓语动词综合练习100题-（高考真题+名校模拟真题），共24页。
专题14 非谓语动词综合练习100题
2023年高考真题
1.（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
2.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the 39 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
3.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
4.（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.
5.（2023新高考II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
6.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
7.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
8.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
9.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads.
10.（2023全国乙卷） 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
11.（2023全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
2.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
3.（2022新高考II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
4.（2022新高考II卷）He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
5.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
6.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
7.（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
8.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
2021年高考真题
1.（2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）.
2.（2021全国II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think)it is food.
3.（2021全国II卷）I decided to do something ________ (educate) people about this problem.
4.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
5.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
6.（2021全国甲卷）After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action.
7.（2021全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _________(visit)the place.
8.（2021全国乙卷）Accommodations aim ___________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
2023年高考模拟真题
1．He was selected (attend) pilot training.
2．The desire (explore) the universe never died.
3．You would have to wait a long time to get (pay).
4．Mr. Smith was the first (leave) on September 10th.
5．The old man escape (hurt) by the bear finally.
6．Please don’t forget (turn) off all the lights in the classroom when you leave.
7．Another tradition is to have their photographs (take).
8．He won’t like such questions (discuss) at the meeting.
9．You should make yourself (hear) when speaking.
10．She swung the pork in her hand (attract) the lion’s attention.
11．We found him (lie) on a bench, with his eyes fixed on a kite in the sky.
12．His proposal is that a new (track) system be developed.
13．The Olympic Games, first (play) in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
14．He comes home late every evening, (make) his wife very angry.
15．When I walked into the office, I saw a girl (use) my computer.
16．Did you accept the invitation (give) by the tour guide?
17．Miss Lin suggested us (adopt) a more imaginative approach to essay writing.
18．In our city library, there are so many great books on topics (range) from physics to social society.
19．She is a smart girl who has the ability (organize) the class well.
20．The photo (attach) to my application form is my favourite.
21．Every individual has a role (play) in environmental protection.
22．There was a serious incident (involve) a group of youths.
23．It is said that Benjamin Franklin raised the kite with a piece of string (tie) to it.
24．She is a model and performance artist (devote) to promoting ocean conservation.
25．Children are not permitted (enter) the stadium unless accompanied by adults.
26． (face) with what may be his most impossible mission yet, Hunt gets together his team and joins forces with Ilsa Faust, a female former British secret agent.
27．With a lot of difficult financial problems (settle), the top leaders in the company felt like a cat on hot bricks.
28．What do you enjoy (spend) this weekend?
29．A visit to a health care professional is a great chance (educate) your child on the potential risks of e-cigarette use.
30． (build) in 1937, Duane Library today houses more than 400,000 books and bound periodicals.
31．Look, those candidates currently (interview)in the office are students from different top universities.
32．Ten students have been disqualified from Harvard University after posting improper facial expressions in a chat group, a journalist (involve)in this ongoing case claimed.
33．With the summer vacation (approach), children are eager to explore nature.
34． (hear)that she tore all the important documents into pieces, the boss was very angry.
35． (inspire) by the 100-yen shops in Japan and similar retail concepts in Western countries, Chinese entrepreneur Ye Guofu and Japanese designer Miyake Junya founded MINISO in 2013.
36．In this modern era, memes (表情包) have built strong connections between strangers on the internet, (enable) them to express their feelings and to spread laughter in an easily accessible way.
37．It is reported that all 190 countries and economies, (participate) in the alliance, will be able to access vaccines during the first half of this year.
38．Thanks to the ease of real-time communication in the digital age, many young and skilled people start to turn to online platforms, (work) independently as contractors and consultants rather than looking for permanent employment.
39．Chinese students, often (come) out first in PISA tests, are expected to have a great potential to achieve more scientific breakthroughs in the future.
40．Filet mignon (菲力牛排), widely (refer) to as the best meat of all steak cuts, is cut from the very tip of the tenderloin.
41．With the latest technology (apply) to smartphones, even those who believe themselves to be unattractive can become easy on the eye with the push of a button.
42．In 2020, South Korea recorded more deaths than births for the first time ever, (prompt) calls for action to revive the country’s falling birth rate.
43．Costume dramas have always been a contentious (有争议的) topic when (compare) with other TV dramas.
44．When (build) his original Apple prototype(原型)computer, Jobs encountered a shortage of funds.
45．The French artist Charles Leval, better (know) as Levalet, creates the kind of art that brings cities to life.
46．It annoys me to think what a “perfect” image of womanhood the media present, and that so many of us, me (include), want to separate ourselves from wanting those ideals.
47．Do you see the boy (question)by the police currently? I cannot believe what has happened to him.
48．There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
49．Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
50．As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or (walk)through a rainforest.
51．I showed them I was independent by (wear) strange clothes.
52．What makes the dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without (use) electric equipment.
53．It takes them hundreds of years (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins.
54．Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not (do).
55．Linda’s mother sent her daughter a text message, (congratulate) her on being elected monitor again.
56．The paper, (write) in German, was so complex to understand that many students chose to give up.
57．To tell the truth, (compare) with other compositions in the class, this is one of the best.
58．After (inject) with the vaccine, you will be less likely to suffer from COVID-19.
59．If (give)more time, I can get a higher maths mark as I can have a second check.
60．For those people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, (make) some feel weak and others, powerful.
61．You are likely to end in failure if (turn) a deaf ear to the teachers’ practical suggestions.
62． (see) his father was asleep, he walked out of the room without making any noise.
63．Jackson looks like any other businessman, (wear) a suit and carrying a briefcase.
64．He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out (welcome) him.
65．Animals (raise) in crowded spaces are likely to get sick.
66．He didn’t make the mistake and avoided (make) a fool.
67．He spent the whole day (catch) in the traffic jam because of the heavy fog.
68．The highway (join)the two cities is expected to be opened to traffic next year.
69．He cannot but (admit) his mistake.
70．Rather than (cause)problems, he is going to help us.
71．All the employees are waiting (pay), but the company doesn’t have enough money.
72．The Internet makes information simple (find).
73．The Internet allows enthusiasts (unite)to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences.
74．Many adults (range)in age from 50 to 70 were tested on their cognitive abilities and their physical activity.
75．Mechanical pencils are more convenient than your traditional ones in the sense that they never need (sharpen).
76．The children are (not blame) for what happened yesterday.
77． (equip)with much knowledge and experience, Mr. Wang is popular with the students.
78．Planning is the key, not only to (track) your progress, but to ensuring that you can finish your tasks on time.
79．Mr Zhang does what he can (help) us improve our English.
80． (complete)the project as planned, we were allowed two days off to have a rest.
81．The President appeared at the party, (indicate) that he had recovered.
82．As a man with disability, (make) his dream come true is not an easy thing.
83．His attitude to (protect) the wild animals is very firm.
84．Don’t leave the tap (run) when you wash your face and hands.
85．Hearing the news, she burst into tears, (release) all her emotions.
86．All the people (involve) in this global case must be present.
87． (hear) this news, Mary got extremely excited.
88． (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
89．Would it be convenient for you (leave) tomorrow?
90．When I heard this exciting news, I couldn’t wait (run) to tell my parents.
91．It’s amazing that the boy can swim across the river (measure) 100 meters wide.
92．Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and a packed lunch (consist) of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert.
93．We must reduce the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) and fertilizer so as to protect our rivers, streams and farmlands from (pollute).
94．It is no use (do) what you like; you have got to like what you do.
95． (eat) a hard-boiled egg or an orange as a snack can contribute to a well-balanced diet.
96．Don’t let the child who is not old enough (go) swimming alone.
97．In order to avoid (attract) unnecessary attention he kept his voice down.
98．I had to create a table of contents (base) on the topics of its articles.
99．In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they (survive).
100．He was sitting by the window with his head (bury) in a book.
参考答案：
2023年高考真题
1.（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案: to bite。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the 39 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
答案:recognized。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
3.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
答案：to be lifted。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
4.（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.
答案：wanting。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
5.（2023新高考II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
答案：visiting。
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
6.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
答案：to teach。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
7.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：borrowing。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
8.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
答案：intended。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
9.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads.
答案：built。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
10.（2023全国乙卷） 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
答案：Having visited。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
11.（2023全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
答案：recording。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
答案：Covering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
2.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案：to increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
3.（2022新高考II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
答案：to falling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
4.（2022新高考II卷）He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
答案：to see
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
答案：to journey
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
6.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
答案：held
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
7.（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
答案：planning
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
8.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
答案：to strengthen; inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。第二空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
2021年高考真题
1.（2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）.
答案：astonished
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished.
2.（2021全国II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think)it is food.
答案：thinking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，____2____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。
3.（2021全国II卷）I decided to do something ________ (educate) people about this problem.
答案：to educate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
4.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
答案：excited
解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
5.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
答案：to walk
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
6.（2021全国甲卷）After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action.
答案：spending
解析：考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
7.（2021全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _________(visit)the place.
答案：visiting
解析：考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
8.（2021全国乙卷）Accommodations aim ___________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
答案：to have
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
2023年高考模拟真题
1．to attend
【详解】考查不定式。句意：他被选去参加飞行员训练。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be selected to do sth.“被选中做某事”，该空用不定式形式。故填to attend。
2．to explore
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：探索宇宙的愿望从未停止。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词。空处需要动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的抽象名词the desire。故填to explore。
3．paid
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你要等很长时间才能拿到工资。分析句子结构，空处和前面的to get一起构成不定式结构，pay和逻辑主语You之间是动宾关系，且空前的get为系动词，所以空处应用过去分词，表示被动。故填paid。
4．to leave
【详解】考查不定式。句意：史密斯先生是9月10日第一个离开的。first是序数词，其后跟不定式作后置定语，由此空格处是to leave。故填to leave。
5．being hurt
【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意：老人终于逃脱了熊的伤害。escape doing sth“逃脱做某事”是固定短语，且逻辑主语The old man与hurt为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动语态。故填being hurt。
6．to turn
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：当你离开时，请不要忘记关掉教室里所有的灯。结合句意可知，此处指“不要忘记关灯”，用forget to do sth，指事情还没做，故填to turn。
7．taken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：另一个传统是给他们拍照。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语photographs与动词take是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填taken。
8．discussed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不喜欢这样的问题在会议上被讨论。非谓语动词discuss与名词questions是被动关系，空处应用过去分词作宾补。故填discussed。
9．heard
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你说话的时候应该让别人听到你的声音。make后接复合宾语，动词hear和宾语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填heard。
10．to attract
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她挥动手中的猪肉以引起狮子的注意。结合句意可知，空处表示目的，需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to attract。
11．lying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现他躺在长椅上，眼睛盯着天上的风筝。分析句子可知，这里使用了find+宾语+宾补，非谓语动词lie与宾语him之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式作宾补。故填lying。
12．tracking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的建议是开发一种新的跟踪系统。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作定语，再分析句意可知，track和system之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填tracking。
13．played
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥林匹克运动会，首次于公元前776年举办，直到1912年才有女运动员参加。句中有谓语did not include，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰The Olympic Games，且动词play和The Olympic Games是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填played。
14．making
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：他每天晚上回家都很晚，这使他的妻子很生气。分析句子结构，本句是一个简单句，句子的谓语动词是comes，所以空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知，他回家晚使得妻子很生气，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词的一般式作结果状语。故填making。
15．using
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我走进办公室时，我看到一个女孩在用我的电脑。根据前文“When I walked into the office(当我走进办公室时)”语境分析可知，应是“see sb. doing”，意为“看见某人在做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语。故填using。
16．given
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你接受导游的邀请了吗?分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为give和invitation之间是被动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的过去分词作后置定语。故填given。
17．adopting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：林老师建议我们用一种更有想象力的方法来写论文。短语suggest sb. doing sth.，为动名词的复合结构，作宾语，故填adopting。
18．ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们城市的图书馆里，有许多关于物理学和社会学的伟大著作。句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词topics，动词range和topics是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填ranging。
19．to organize
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是一个聪明的女孩，有能力组织好班级。have the ability to do sth.固定搭配，意为“有能力做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填to organize。
20．attached
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：附在申请表上的照片是我最喜欢的。句中有谓语is，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词photo，且动词attach和名词photo是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填attached。
21．to play
【详解】考查不定式。句意：在环境保护方面，每个人都可以发挥作用。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，作后置定语。play和a role之间是动宾关系，但其逻辑主语为句子的主语Every individual，所以这里应用不定式的一般式，作后置定语。故填to play。
22．involving
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：发生了一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词incident作定语，involve和逻辑主语incident之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填involving。
23．tied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说本杰明·富兰克林用一根绑在风筝上的绳子放飞了风筝。with+宾语+宾补结构，a piece of string“一根绳子”和非谓语动词tie“系”之间为被动关系，故此处过去分词短语tied to it作名词string的补语，表被动。故填tied。
24．devoted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：be devoted to意为“致力于”，因为本句已有谓语动词，故“致力于”用过去分词作后置定语。故填devoted。
25．to enter
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：除非有大人陪同，儿童不得进入体育场。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be permitted to do“被允许做某事”的否定形式，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to enter。
26．Faced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对可能是他最不可能完成的任务，亨特召集了他的团队，并与前英国女特工伊尔莎·浮士德联手。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词gets，所以face用非谓语形式，此处是固定搭配be faced with意为“面对”所以，此处去掉be，用过去分词作状语。故填Faced.
27．to settle
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于有许多困难的财务问题需要解决，公司的高层领导感到如坐针毡。分析句式结构可知，这里为with的复合结构，表示“有许多困难的财务问题待需解决”，所以用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语表示将来动作。故填to settle。
28．to spend
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你喜欢做什么来度过这个周末？spend意为“度过”，为动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语enjoy的宾语为what，故本空填to spend，作目的状语。故答案为to spend。
29．to educate
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：去看专业医生是一个很好的机会，让你的孩子了解使用电子烟的潜在风险。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词chance。故填to educate。
30．Built
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Duane图书馆建于1937年，如今拥有超过40万册图书和装订期刊。句子分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，动词build与逻辑主语Duane Library之间为动宾关系，设空处应填build的过去分词built表被动，设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Built。
31．being interviewed
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：看，正在办公室里被面试的候选人，都是来自不同顶尖大学的学生。分析可知，“ (interview)in the office”在句中为后置定语，及物动词interview与其逻辑主语candidates为被动关系，根据句中“currently”可知，此处用现在分词的被动语态being done。故填being interviewed。
32．involved
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一名与此案件关联的记者声称, 10名学生因在聊天群中发布不当的表情而被取消哈佛大学的录取资格。分析句子可知，“ (involve)in this ongoing case”在句中作后置定语，修饰名词journalist，动词involve与名词journalist为动宾关系，可以解释为“记者被牵连其中”所以此处用过去分词involved，故填involved。
33．approaching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着暑假临近，孩子们渴望探索大自然。根据“With the summer vacation”可知，此处用with复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，是非谓语动词，approach“临近”和the summer vacation逻辑上是主动关系，空处应用approach的现在分词形式approaching。故填approaching。
34．Hearing/Having heard
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听说她把所有的重要文件都撕成了碎片，老板非常生气。句子主干部分的谓语动词was，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句“听说她把所有的重要文件都撕成碎片，老板非常生气”可知，动词hear和句子的主语the boss之间是主动关系，故填写现在分词Hearing作状语。此外，本题前半句句意也可以理解为“听说……之后”，填写完成式Having heard也可成立。故填Hearing/ Having heard。
35．Inspired
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到日本100日元店和西方类似零售理念的启发，中国企业家叶国富和日本设计师三宅顺也于2013年创立了名创优品。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的原因状语，inspire“启发”和Chinese entrepreneur Ye Guofu and Japanese designer Miyake Junya逻辑上是被动关系，应用inspire的过去分词形式inspired，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Inspired。
36．enabling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个现代时代，表情包在互联网上建立了陌生人之间的牢固联系，使他们能够以一种容易接近的方式表达自己的感受，传播笑声。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的结果状语，结合句意可推知，此处表示自然发生的结果，应用enable的现在分词形式enabling。故填enabling。
37．participating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，参与该联盟的所有190个国家和经济体将能够在今年上半年获得疫苗。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作all 190 countries and economies的后置定语，participate in“参与”和all 190 countries and economies逻辑上是主动关系，且结合句意可知，该动作当时在进行中，应用participate的现在分词形式participating，表示参与该联盟的所有190个国家和经济体。故填participating。
38．working
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于数字时代实时通信的便利性，许多年轻有技能的人开始转向在线平台，作为承包商和顾问独立工作，而不是寻找长期工作。句子主干部分的谓语动词是start，横线处应填入非谓语动词。逻辑主语people和work是主动关，本题应用现在分词作状语，故填working。
39．coming
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国学生通常在PISA考试中名列前茅，他们有望在未来取得更多科学突破。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“are expected to”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“come out”意为“出现，显露”，“Chinese students”和“come”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“come”的现在分词“coming”，作后置定语。故填coming。
40．referred
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：菲力牛排，被广泛认为是所有牛排中最好的肉，是从里脊的最尖端切下来的。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作Filet mignon的后置定语，refer to和Filet mignon逻辑上是被动关系，且结合句意可知，该动作当时已完成，应用refer的过去分词形式referred，表示被广泛称为是所有牛排中最好的肉。故填referred。
41．applied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着最新科技应用于智能手机，即使是那些认为自己不好看的人也可以通过按一下按钮变得很养眼。根据“With the latest technology”可知，此处用with复合结构，apply和the latest technology逻辑上是被动关系，空处应用apply的过去分词形式applied，作宾语补足语。故填applied。
42．prompting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年，韩国的死亡人数首次超过了出生人数，这促使人们呼吁采取行动，重振该国不断下降的出生率。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的结果状语，结合句意可推知，此处表示随着主句行为自然发生的结果，应用prompt“促使”的现在分词形式prompting。故填prompting。
43．compared
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：与其他电视剧相比，古装剧一直是一个有争议的话题。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：when costume dramas are compared。省略了主语和are。故填compared。
44．building
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意：当乔布斯制造他最初的苹果原型电脑时，他遇到了资金短缺的问题。“when+非谓语动词”结构是状语从句的省略，即当状语从句和主句是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。所填动词的逻辑主语是Jobs，和build是主动关系，完整从句为When he was building his original Apple prototype(原型)computer，省略主语和be动词，用现在分词形式，故填building。
45．known
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：法国艺术家Charles Leval，更广为人知的名字是Levalet，他创造的艺术为城市带来了生机。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作Charles Leval的后置定语，know和Charles Leval逻辑上是被动关系，应用know的过去分词形式known。故填known。
46．included
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：想到媒体呈现出一个多么“完美”的女性形象, 我很恼火。我们中的许多人, 包括我在内, 都想把自己从想要的这些理想形象中分离出来。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。此处为独立主格结构，主语me与动词include是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填included。
47．being questioned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你看见那个正在被警察询问的男孩了吗? 我不敢相信这样的事发生在他身上。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词boy，boy与question是被动关系，且根据时间副词currently可知，此处非谓语动词与see同时发生，因此需要使用现在分词的被动形式，即being questioned。故填being questioned。
48．caused
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年极端天气事件的数量急剧上升，这主要是由全球气温上升引起的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。
49．supported
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是可习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词为非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。
50．walking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。短语：imagine sb. doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。sb. doing此处为动名词的复合结构，作动词imagine的宾语。分析句子可知，此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语，故填walking。
51．wearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我穿奇装异服，向他们表明我很独立。介词后接名词、动名词作宾语。空前by为介词，所以此处填动名词，故填wearing。
52．using
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让这些住宅令人钦佩的是，它们能够在不使用电气设备的情况下为房子“调节空气”。介词后接名词、动名词或代词作宾语。空前有介词without，空处应用动名词。故填using。
53．to break
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。其中许多袋子最终落入海洋，较大的袋子可以困住海龟和海豚等海洋生物。此处为固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间做某事），动词不定式（to do ）作真正的主语，it形式主语。故填to break。
54．to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语，不定式作宾补。故填to do。
55．congratulating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：琳达的母亲给她的女儿发了一条短信，祝贺她再次当选班长。句子主干部分的谓语动词是sent，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语Linda’s mother和动词congratulate是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填congratulating。
56．written
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这篇用德语写的论文太复杂了，以至于许多学生选择放弃。句子谓语动词为was，设空处应用非谓语动词，write与逻辑主语The paper之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填written。
57．compared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：说实话，与班上其他作文相比，这是最好的作文之一。句子主干部分的谓语动词是is，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语this和动词compare是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，即be compared with(与……相比)，故填compared。
58．being injected
【详解】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：注射疫苗后，你患COVID-19的可能性就会降低。After是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，you和inject之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态，即being injected，故填being injected。
59．given
【详解】考查省略和非谓语动词。句意：如果给我更多的时间，我可以得到一个更高的数学分数，因为我可以再检查一次。分析句子可知，此处是if条件状语从句的省略，逻辑主语I与动词give之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；其完整结构为If I am given more time，当主从句主语一致时，可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填given。
60．making
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次独一无二的经历，让一些人感到脆弱的同时让另一些人则感到强大。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词此处使用非谓语动词。主语climbing Qomolangma与make之间为主动关系，此处使用现在分词作状语，故填making。
61．turning
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果对老师提出的实用的建议充耳不闻，你很可能以失败告终。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词。本句完整句子为You are likely to end in failure if you are turning a deaf ear to the teachers’ practical suggestions.省略主语you are，保留现在分词。故填turning。
62．Seeing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到他父亲睡着了，他没有发出任何声音就走出了房间。句中有谓语walked out of，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语he和动词see是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Seeing。
63．wearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克逊看起来和其他商人一样，穿着西装，拿着公文包。句子主干部分的谓语动词是looks，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语Jackson和动词wear是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填wearing。
64．to welcome
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学生前来欢迎他。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处使用不定式作目的状语，故填to welcome。
65．raised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在拥挤的地方饲养的动物很可能生病。此处为非谓语，动词raise和名词Animals之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填raised。
66．being made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他没有犯错，避免了被当成傻瓜。avoid doing sth是固定用法，动名词作宾语；动词make和主语之间是被动关系，故用其动名词的被动式。故填being made。
67．caught
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大雾，他一整天都被困在交通堵塞中。此处为非谓语，动词catch和主语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语，表示伴随。故填caught。
68．joining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：连接这两个城市的高速公路预计明年通车。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做后置定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语The highway之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填joining。
69．admit
【详解】考查省略to的不定式。句意：他不得不承认自己的错误。cannot but do意为“不得不做某事”，此处使用省略to的不定式。动词admit意为“承认”。故填admit。
70．cause
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不是要给我们制造麻烦，而是要帮助我们。连词rather than意为“而不是”，其后接动不定式，不定式可带to，也可不带to，但rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式，所以空处应填cause。故填cause。
71．to be paid
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的员工都在等着发工资，但是公司没有足够的钱。该空所给动词pay在句中作wait的宾语，应使用不定式形式，wait to do；主语employee与pay为被动关系，应该是公司给工人发工资，所以应填动词不定式的被动式。故填to be paid。
72．to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网使信息更容易找到。此处是固定搭配make sth.+形容词+to do，意为“使得做某事是怎么样的”。故填to find。
73．to unite
【详解】考查不定式作补语。句意：互联网让狂热者团结起来，分享他们对潮流的兴奋，交流和分享经验。固定短语：allow sb./sth. to do sth.“允许……做某事”，不定式作补语，结合句中英语提示，故填to unite。
74．ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多年龄在50到70岁之间的成年人接受了认知能力和身体活动的测试。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰adults，adults和range为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填ranging。
75．sharpening/to be sharpened
【详解】考查动名词，不定式和被动语态。句意：机械铅笔比传统铅笔更方便，因为它们永远不需要削尖。机械铅笔不需要被削尖，sth. need doing/to be done意为“某物需要被做”，因此空格处用sharpening/to be sharpened。故填sharpening/to be sharpened。
76．not to blame
【详解】考查固定结构。句意：昨天发生的事不怪孩子们。固定短语：be to blame“……要受到责备；把……归咎于”，其否定式是在不定式to前加not，结合句中英语提示，故填not to blame。
77．Equipped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：王先生有丰富的知识和经验，很受学生的欢迎。be equipped with装备着，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词作状语。根据句意，故填Equipped。
78．tracking
【详解】考查动名词。句意：计划不仅是跟踪你的进度的关键，也是确保你能按时完成任务的关键。固定搭配the key to doing sth意为“……的关键”，设空处应填动词track的动名词tracking，作介词to的宾语。故填tracking。
79．to help
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：张老师尽他所能帮助我们提高英语水平。分析句子可知，what he can是宾语从句，作动词does的宾语，空处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to help。
80．Having completed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在按计划完成项目后，我们被允许休息两天。分析句子结构可知complete在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与we构成主动关系，且动作已经完成，应用having done形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Having completed。
81．indicating
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：总统出现在晚会上，表明他已经康复了。设空处为非谓语动词，该空下文是前半句产生的意料之中、自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填indicating。
82．making
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个残疾人，他实现梦想不是一件容易的事。分析句子成分可知，本句谓语动词为“is”，所以动名词作主语。故填making。
83．protecting
【详解】考查动名词。句意：他保护野生动物的态度非常坚决。attitude to doing sth.意为“做某事的态度”，动名词作介词的宾语。故填protecting。
84．running
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洗脸和洗手时，不要让水龙头一直开着。Don’t leave为谓语动词，空格处作宾语补足语，宾语 the tap和run之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填running。
85．releasing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，她放声大哭，释放了所有的情绪。空处在句中是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语she和动词release是主动关系，应用现在分成作状语，故填releasing。
86．involved
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这一全球性案件的所有相关人员都必须出席。此处为非谓语，动词involve“使参与”和所修饰的名词people之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语，involved已转化为形容词。故填involved。
87．Hearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，玛丽非常兴奋。分析句子可知，空处作句子的时间状语，是非谓语动词，hear和Mary逻辑上是主动关系，应用hear的现在分词形式hearing，且空处位于句首，hearing首字母应大写。故填Hearing。
88．Founded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校成立于20世纪初，一直致力于激发孩子们对艺术的热爱。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词keeps，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the school和found为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式，表示被动，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Founded。
89．to leave
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：你明天离开方便吗？分析句子可知，这里考查It's+形容词+(for sb.)+to do sth.表“（对于某人来说）做某事是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式。故填to leave。
90．to run
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我听到这个激动人心的消息时，我迫不及待地跑去告诉我的父母。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式。故填to run。
91．measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这男孩能游过那条宽100米的河，真是令人惊奇。“(measure) 100 meters wide.”作后置定语，修饰名词river，动词measure“（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为”应用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the river之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填measuring。
92．consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校为学生提供早餐、晚餐和包括三明治、饮料和甜点的盒装午餐。分析句子结构可知，consist of为非谓语动词短语，无被动形式，主动表被动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。
93．pollution/being polluted
【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：我们必须减少农药和化肥的使用，以保护我们的河流、溪流和农田免受污染。分析句子可知，空处作介词from的宾语，可用pollute的名词形式pollution，意为“污染”，是抽象名词，或用非谓语动词，且pollute和our rivers, streams and farmlands逻辑上是被动关系，应用pollute的动名词的被动式being polluted。故填pollution/being polluted。
94．doing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。句中it is no use doing sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事没有价值”，此处使用动名词作主语，此处it为形式主语，doing为真正的主语。故填doing。
95．Eating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃一个煮熟的鸡蛋或一个橙子作为零食有助于均衡饮食。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作主语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是普遍的、一般的行为，所以应使用动名词形式作主语，且表示主动意义，因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Eating。
96．go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要让年龄不够大的孩子单独去游泳。分析句子可知，who is not old enough是who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the child，主句使用了固定短语let sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，省略了to的不定式作宾语补足语，空处应用go的原形。故填go。
97．attracting
【详解】考查动名词。句意：为避免引起不必要的注意，他把声音压低了。动词avoid后接动名词作宾语，avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”。故填attracting。
98．based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我必须根据文章的标题来创建目录。句中谓语是had，空格处用非谓语动词，be based on意为“根据”，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填based。
99．are to survive
【详解】考查不定式短语。句意：在这样干燥的天气里，这些花如果要存活就必须浇水。此处用不定式短语be to do表示将来，表示“注定，必须要做的事情”，主句为一般将来时，主语为they，所以if引导的条件状语从句be动词用are。故填are to survive。
100．buried
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐在窗户旁边，头埋在书里。此处为with的复合结构，其中his head与bury为被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，故填buried。
专题14 非谓语动词综合练习100题
2023年高考真题
1.（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
2.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the 39 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
3.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
4.（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.
5.（2023新高考II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
6.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
7.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
8.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
9.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads.
10.（2023全国乙卷） 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
11.（2023全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
2.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
3.（2022新高考II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
4.（2022新高考II卷）He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
5.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
6.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
7.（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
8.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
2021年高考真题
1.（2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）.
2.（2021全国II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think)it is food.
3.（2021全国II卷）I decided to do something ________ (educate) people about this problem.
4.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
5.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
6.（2021全国甲卷）After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action.
7.（2021全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _________(visit)the place.
8.（2021全国乙卷）Accommodations aim ___________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
2023年高考模拟真题
1．He was selected (attend) pilot training.
2．The desire (explore) the universe never died.
3．You would have to wait a long time to get (pay).
4．Mr. Smith was the first (leave) on September 10th.
5．The old man escape (hurt) by the bear finally.
6．Please don’t forget (turn) off all the lights in the classroom when you leave.
7．Another tradition is to have their photographs (take).
8．He won’t like such questions (discuss) at the meeting.
9．You should make yourself (hear) when speaking.
10．She swung the pork in her hand (attract) the lion’s attention.
11．We found him (lie) on a bench, with his eyes fixed on a kite in the sky.
12．His proposal is that a new (track) system be developed.
13．The Olympic Games, first (play) in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
14．He comes home late every evening, (make) his wife very angry.
15．When I walked into the office, I saw a girl (use) my computer.
16．Did you accept the invitation (give) by the tour guide?
17．Miss Lin suggested us (adopt) a more imaginative approach to essay writing.
18．In our city library, there are so many great books on topics (range) from physics to social society.
19．She is a smart girl who has the ability (organize) the class well.
20．The photo (attach) to my application form is my favourite.
21．Every individual has a role (play) in environmental protection.
22．There was a serious incident (involve) a group of youths.
23．It is said that Benjamin Franklin raised the kite with a piece of string (tie) to it.
24．She is a model and performance artist (devote) to promoting ocean conservation.
25．Children are not permitted (enter) the stadium unless accompanied by adults.
26． (face) with what may be his most impossible mission yet, Hunt gets together his team and joins forces with Ilsa Faust, a female former British secret agent.
27．With a lot of difficult financial problems (settle), the top leaders in the company felt like a cat on hot bricks.
28．What do you enjoy (spend) this weekend?
29．A visit to a health care professional is a great chance (educate) your child on the potential risks of e-cigarette use.
30． (build) in 1937, Duane Library today houses more than 400,000 books and bound periodicals.
31．Look, those candidates currently (interview)in the office are students from different top universities.
32．Ten students have been disqualified from Harvard University after posting improper facial expressions in a chat group, a journalist (involve)in this ongoing case claimed.
33．With the summer vacation (approach), children are eager to explore nature.
34． (hear)that she tore all the important documents into pieces, the boss was very angry.
35． (inspire) by the 100-yen shops in Japan and similar retail concepts in Western countries, Chinese entrepreneur Ye Guofu and Japanese designer Miyake Junya founded MINISO in 2013.
36．In this modern era, memes (表情包) have built strong connections between strangers on the internet, (enable) them to express their feelings and to spread laughter in an easily accessible way.
37．It is reported that all 190 countries and economies, (participate) in the alliance, will be able to access vaccines during the first half of this year.
38．Thanks to the ease of real-time communication in the digital age, many young and skilled people start to turn to online platforms, (work) independently as contractors and consultants rather than looking for permanent employment.
39．Chinese students, often (come) out first in PISA tests, are expected to have a great potential to achieve more scientific breakthroughs in the future.
40．Filet mignon (菲力牛排), widely (refer) to as the best meat of all steak cuts, is cut from the very tip of the tenderloin.
41．With the latest technology (apply) to smartphones, even those who believe themselves to be unattractive can become easy on the eye with the push of a button.
42．In 2020, South Korea recorded more deaths than births for the first time ever, (prompt) calls for action to revive the country’s falling birth rate.
43．Costume dramas have always been a contentious (有争议的) topic when (compare) with other TV dramas.
44．When (build) his original Apple prototype(原型)computer, Jobs encountered a shortage of funds.
45．The French artist Charles Leval, better (know) as Levalet, creates the kind of art that brings cities to life.
46．It annoys me to think what a “perfect” image of womanhood the media present, and that so many of us, me (include), want to separate ourselves from wanting those ideals.
47．Do you see the boy (question)by the police currently? I cannot believe what has happened to him.
48．There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
49．Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
50．As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or (walk)through a rainforest.
51．I showed them I was independent by (wear) strange clothes.
52．What makes the dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without (use) electric equipment.
53．It takes them hundreds of years (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins.
54．Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not (do).
55．Linda’s mother sent her daughter a text message, (congratulate) her on being elected monitor again.
56．The paper, (write) in German, was so complex to understand that many students chose to give up.
57．To tell the truth, (compare) with other compositions in the class, this is one of the best.
58．After (inject) with the vaccine, you will be less likely to suffer from COVID-19.
59．If (give)more time, I can get a higher maths mark as I can have a second check.
60．For those people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, (make) some feel weak and others, powerful.
61．You are likely to end in failure if (turn) a deaf ear to the teachers’ practical suggestions.
62． (see) his father was asleep, he walked out of the room without making any noise.
63．Jackson looks like any other businessman, (wear) a suit and carrying a briefcase.
64．He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out (welcome) him.
65．Animals (raise) in crowded spaces are likely to get sick.
66．He didn’t make the mistake and avoided (make) a fool.
67．He spent the whole day (catch) in the traffic jam because of the heavy fog.
68．The highway (join)the two cities is expected to be opened to traffic next year.
69．He cannot but (admit) his mistake.
70．Rather than (cause)problems, he is going to help us.
71．All the employees are waiting (pay), but the company doesn’t have enough money.
72．The Internet makes information simple (find).
73．The Internet allows enthusiasts (unite)to share their excitement about trends, to communicate and share experiences.
74．Many adults (range)in age from 50 to 70 were tested on their cognitive abilities and their physical activity.
75．Mechanical pencils are more convenient than your traditional ones in the sense that they never need (sharpen).
76．The children are (not blame) for what happened yesterday.
77． (equip)with much knowledge and experience, Mr. Wang is popular with the students.
78．Planning is the key, not only to (track) your progress, but to ensuring that you can finish your tasks on time.
79．Mr Zhang does what he can (help) us improve our English.
80． (complete)the project as planned, we were allowed two days off to have a rest.
81．The President appeared at the party, (indicate) that he had recovered.
82．As a man with disability, (make) his dream come true is not an easy thing.
83．His attitude to (protect) the wild animals is very firm.
84．Don’t leave the tap (run) when you wash your face and hands.
85．Hearing the news, she burst into tears, (release) all her emotions.
86．All the people (involve) in this global case must be present.
87． (hear) this news, Mary got extremely excited.
88． (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
89．Would it be convenient for you (leave) tomorrow?
90．When I heard this exciting news, I couldn’t wait (run) to tell my parents.
91．It’s amazing that the boy can swim across the river (measure) 100 meters wide.
92．Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and a packed lunch (consist) of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert.
93．We must reduce the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) and fertilizer so as to protect our rivers, streams and farmlands from (pollute).
94．It is no use (do) what you like; you have got to like what you do.
95． (eat) a hard-boiled egg or an orange as a snack can contribute to a well-balanced diet.
96．Don’t let the child who is not old enough (go) swimming alone.
97．In order to avoid (attract) unnecessary attention he kept his voice down.
98．I had to create a table of contents (base) on the topics of its articles.
99．In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they (survive).
100．He was sitting by the window with his head (bury) in a book.
参考答案：
2023年高考真题
1.（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案: to bite。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
2.（2023新高考I卷）Shanghai may be the 39 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
答案:recognized。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
3.（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 41 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
答案：to be lifted。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
4.（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 45 (want) more next time.
答案：wanting。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
5.（2023新高考II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
答案：visiting。
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
6.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
答案：to teach。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
7.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：borrowing。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
8.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
答案：intended。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
9.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build) system of ring roads.
答案：built。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
10.（2023全国乙卷） 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
答案：Having visited。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
11.（2023全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
答案：recording。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
答案：Covering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
2.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案：to increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
3.（2022新高考II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
答案：to falling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
4.（2022新高考II卷）He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ________ (see) them.
答案：to see
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
答案：to journey
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
6.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
答案：held
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
7.（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
答案：planning
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
8.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
答案：to strengthen; inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。第二空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
2021年高考真题
1.（2021新高考I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）.
答案：astonished
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。作宾补,所以用形容词,表示人"吃惊的",故填astonished.
2.（2021全国II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think)it is food.
答案：thinking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，____2____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。
3.（2021全国II卷）I decided to do something ________ (educate) people about this problem.
答案：to educate
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
4.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
答案：excited
解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
5.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
答案：to walk
解析：考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
6.（2021全国甲卷）After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action.
答案：spending
解析：考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
7.（2021全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _________(visit)the place.
答案：visiting
解析：考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
8.（2021全国乙卷）Accommodations aim ___________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
答案：to have
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
2023年高考模拟真题
1．to attend
【详解】考查不定式。句意：他被选去参加飞行员训练。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be selected to do sth.“被选中做某事”，该空用不定式形式。故填to attend。
2．to explore
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：探索宇宙的愿望从未停止。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词。空处需要动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的抽象名词the desire。故填to explore。
3．paid
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你要等很长时间才能拿到工资。分析句子结构，空处和前面的to get一起构成不定式结构，pay和逻辑主语You之间是动宾关系，且空前的get为系动词，所以空处应用过去分词，表示被动。故填paid。
4．to leave
【详解】考查不定式。句意：史密斯先生是9月10日第一个离开的。first是序数词，其后跟不定式作后置定语，由此空格处是to leave。故填to leave。
5．being hurt
【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意：老人终于逃脱了熊的伤害。escape doing sth“逃脱做某事”是固定短语，且逻辑主语The old man与hurt为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动语态。故填being hurt。
6．to turn
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：当你离开时，请不要忘记关掉教室里所有的灯。结合句意可知，此处指“不要忘记关灯”，用forget to do sth，指事情还没做，故填to turn。
7．taken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：另一个传统是给他们拍照。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语photographs与动词take是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填taken。
8．discussed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不喜欢这样的问题在会议上被讨论。非谓语动词discuss与名词questions是被动关系，空处应用过去分词作宾补。故填discussed。
9．heard
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你说话的时候应该让别人听到你的声音。make后接复合宾语，动词hear和宾语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填heard。
10．to attract
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她挥动手中的猪肉以引起狮子的注意。结合句意可知，空处表示目的，需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to attract。
11．lying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现他躺在长椅上，眼睛盯着天上的风筝。分析句子可知，这里使用了find+宾语+宾补，非谓语动词lie与宾语him之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式作宾补。故填lying。
12．tracking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的建议是开发一种新的跟踪系统。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作定语，再分析句意可知，track和system之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填tracking。
13．played
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥林匹克运动会，首次于公元前776年举办，直到1912年才有女运动员参加。句中有谓语did not include，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰The Olympic Games，且动词play和The Olympic Games是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填played。
14．making
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：他每天晚上回家都很晚，这使他的妻子很生气。分析句子结构，本句是一个简单句，句子的谓语动词是comes，所以空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知，他回家晚使得妻子很生气，这里表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词的一般式作结果状语。故填making。
15．using
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我走进办公室时，我看到一个女孩在用我的电脑。根据前文“When I walked into the office(当我走进办公室时)”语境分析可知，应是“see sb. doing”，意为“看见某人在做某事”，现在分词作宾语补足语。故填using。
16．given
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你接受导游的邀请了吗?分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为give和invitation之间是被动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的过去分词作后置定语。故填given。
17．adopting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：林老师建议我们用一种更有想象力的方法来写论文。短语suggest sb. doing sth.，为动名词的复合结构，作宾语，故填adopting。
18．ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们城市的图书馆里，有许多关于物理学和社会学的伟大著作。句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词topics，动词range和topics是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填ranging。
19．to organize
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是一个聪明的女孩，有能力组织好班级。have the ability to do sth.固定搭配，意为“有能力做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填to organize。
20．attached
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：附在申请表上的照片是我最喜欢的。句中有谓语is，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词photo，且动词attach和名词photo是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填attached。
21．to play
【详解】考查不定式。句意：在环境保护方面，每个人都可以发挥作用。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词，作后置定语。play和a role之间是动宾关系，但其逻辑主语为句子的主语Every individual，所以这里应用不定式的一般式，作后置定语。故填to play。
22．involving
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：发生了一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词incident作定语，involve和逻辑主语incident之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填involving。
23．tied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说本杰明·富兰克林用一根绑在风筝上的绳子放飞了风筝。with+宾语+宾补结构，a piece of string“一根绳子”和非谓语动词tie“系”之间为被动关系，故此处过去分词短语tied to it作名词string的补语，表被动。故填tied。
24．devoted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：be devoted to意为“致力于”，因为本句已有谓语动词，故“致力于”用过去分词作后置定语。故填devoted。
25．to enter
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：除非有大人陪同，儿童不得进入体育场。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be permitted to do“被允许做某事”的否定形式，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to enter。
26．Faced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对可能是他最不可能完成的任务，亨特召集了他的团队，并与前英国女特工伊尔莎·浮士德联手。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词gets，所以face用非谓语形式，此处是固定搭配be faced with意为“面对”所以，此处去掉be，用过去分词作状语。故填Faced.
27．to settle
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于有许多困难的财务问题需要解决，公司的高层领导感到如坐针毡。分析句式结构可知，这里为with的复合结构，表示“有许多困难的财务问题待需解决”，所以用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语表示将来动作。故填to settle。
28．to spend
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你喜欢做什么来度过这个周末？spend意为“度过”，为动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语enjoy的宾语为what，故本空填to spend，作目的状语。故答案为to spend。
29．to educate
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：去看专业医生是一个很好的机会，让你的孩子了解使用电子烟的潜在风险。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词chance。故填to educate。
30．Built
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Duane图书馆建于1937年，如今拥有超过40万册图书和装订期刊。句子分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，动词build与逻辑主语Duane Library之间为动宾关系，设空处应填build的过去分词built表被动，设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Built。
31．being interviewed
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：看，正在办公室里被面试的候选人，都是来自不同顶尖大学的学生。分析可知，“ (interview)in the office”在句中为后置定语，及物动词interview与其逻辑主语candidates为被动关系，根据句中“currently”可知，此处用现在分词的被动语态being done。故填being interviewed。
32．involved
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一名与此案件关联的记者声称, 10名学生因在聊天群中发布不当的表情而被取消哈佛大学的录取资格。分析句子可知，“ (involve)in this ongoing case”在句中作后置定语，修饰名词journalist，动词involve与名词journalist为动宾关系，可以解释为“记者被牵连其中”所以此处用过去分词involved，故填involved。
33．approaching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着暑假临近，孩子们渴望探索大自然。根据“With the summer vacation”可知，此处用with复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，是非谓语动词，approach“临近”和the summer vacation逻辑上是主动关系，空处应用approach的现在分词形式approaching。故填approaching。
34．Hearing/Having heard
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听说她把所有的重要文件都撕成了碎片，老板非常生气。句子主干部分的谓语动词was，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句“听说她把所有的重要文件都撕成碎片，老板非常生气”可知，动词hear和句子的主语the boss之间是主动关系，故填写现在分词Hearing作状语。此外，本题前半句句意也可以理解为“听说……之后”，填写完成式Having heard也可成立。故填Hearing/ Having heard。
35．Inspired
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到日本100日元店和西方类似零售理念的启发，中国企业家叶国富和日本设计师三宅顺也于2013年创立了名创优品。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的原因状语，inspire“启发”和Chinese entrepreneur Ye Guofu and Japanese designer Miyake Junya逻辑上是被动关系，应用inspire的过去分词形式inspired，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Inspired。
36．enabling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个现代时代，表情包在互联网上建立了陌生人之间的牢固联系，使他们能够以一种容易接近的方式表达自己的感受，传播笑声。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的结果状语，结合句意可推知，此处表示自然发生的结果，应用enable的现在分词形式enabling。故填enabling。
37．participating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，参与该联盟的所有190个国家和经济体将能够在今年上半年获得疫苗。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作all 190 countries and economies的后置定语，participate in“参与”和all 190 countries and economies逻辑上是主动关系，且结合句意可知，该动作当时在进行中，应用participate的现在分词形式participating，表示参与该联盟的所有190个国家和经济体。故填participating。
38．working
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于数字时代实时通信的便利性，许多年轻有技能的人开始转向在线平台，作为承包商和顾问独立工作，而不是寻找长期工作。句子主干部分的谓语动词是start，横线处应填入非谓语动词。逻辑主语people和work是主动关，本题应用现在分词作状语，故填working。
39．coming
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国学生通常在PISA考试中名列前茅，他们有望在未来取得更多科学突破。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“are expected to”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“come out”意为“出现，显露”，“Chinese students”和“come”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“come”的现在分词“coming”，作后置定语。故填coming。
40．referred
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：菲力牛排，被广泛认为是所有牛排中最好的肉，是从里脊的最尖端切下来的。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作Filet mignon的后置定语，refer to和Filet mignon逻辑上是被动关系，且结合句意可知，该动作当时已完成，应用refer的过去分词形式referred，表示被广泛称为是所有牛排中最好的肉。故填referred。
41．applied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着最新科技应用于智能手机，即使是那些认为自己不好看的人也可以通过按一下按钮变得很养眼。根据“With the latest technology”可知，此处用with复合结构，apply和the latest technology逻辑上是被动关系，空处应用apply的过去分词形式applied，作宾语补足语。故填applied。
42．prompting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年，韩国的死亡人数首次超过了出生人数，这促使人们呼吁采取行动，重振该国不断下降的出生率。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的结果状语，结合句意可推知，此处表示随着主句行为自然发生的结果，应用prompt“促使”的现在分词形式prompting。故填prompting。
43．compared
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：与其他电视剧相比，古装剧一直是一个有争议的话题。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：when costume dramas are compared。省略了主语和are。故填compared。
44．building
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意：当乔布斯制造他最初的苹果原型电脑时，他遇到了资金短缺的问题。“when+非谓语动词”结构是状语从句的省略，即当状语从句和主句是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。所填动词的逻辑主语是Jobs，和build是主动关系，完整从句为When he was building his original Apple prototype(原型)computer，省略主语和be动词，用现在分词形式，故填building。
45．known
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：法国艺术家Charles Leval，更广为人知的名字是Levalet，他创造的艺术为城市带来了生机。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作Charles Leval的后置定语，know和Charles Leval逻辑上是被动关系，应用know的过去分词形式known。故填known。
46．included
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：想到媒体呈现出一个多么“完美”的女性形象, 我很恼火。我们中的许多人, 包括我在内, 都想把自己从想要的这些理想形象中分离出来。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。此处为独立主格结构，主语me与动词include是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填included。
47．being questioned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你看见那个正在被警察询问的男孩了吗? 我不敢相信这样的事发生在他身上。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词boy，boy与question是被动关系，且根据时间副词currently可知，此处非谓语动词与see同时发生，因此需要使用现在分词的被动形式，即being questioned。故填being questioned。
48．caused
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年极端天气事件的数量急剧上升，这主要是由全球气温上升引起的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。
49．supported
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是可习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词为非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。
50．walking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。短语：imagine sb. doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。sb. doing此处为动名词的复合结构，作动词imagine的宾语。分析句子可知，此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语，故填walking。
51．wearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我穿奇装异服，向他们表明我很独立。介词后接名词、动名词作宾语。空前by为介词，所以此处填动名词，故填wearing。
52．using
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让这些住宅令人钦佩的是，它们能够在不使用电气设备的情况下为房子“调节空气”。介词后接名词、动名词或代词作宾语。空前有介词without，空处应用动名词。故填using。
53．to break
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。其中许多袋子最终落入海洋，较大的袋子可以困住海龟和海豚等海洋生物。此处为固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间做某事），动词不定式（to do ）作真正的主语，it形式主语。故填to break。
54．to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语，不定式作宾补。故填to do。
55．congratulating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：琳达的母亲给她的女儿发了一条短信，祝贺她再次当选班长。句子主干部分的谓语动词是sent，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语Linda’s mother和动词congratulate是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填congratulating。
56．written
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这篇用德语写的论文太复杂了，以至于许多学生选择放弃。句子谓语动词为was，设空处应用非谓语动词，write与逻辑主语The paper之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填written。
57．compared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：说实话，与班上其他作文相比，这是最好的作文之一。句子主干部分的谓语动词是is，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语this和动词compare是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，即be compared with(与……相比)，故填compared。
58．being injected
【详解】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：注射疫苗后，你患COVID-19的可能性就会降低。After是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，you和inject之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态，即being injected，故填being injected。
59．given
【详解】考查省略和非谓语动词。句意：如果给我更多的时间，我可以得到一个更高的数学分数，因为我可以再检查一次。分析句子可知，此处是if条件状语从句的省略，逻辑主语I与动词give之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；其完整结构为If I am given more time，当主从句主语一致时，可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填given。
60．making
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一次独一无二的经历，让一些人感到脆弱的同时让另一些人则感到强大。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词此处使用非谓语动词。主语climbing Qomolangma与make之间为主动关系，此处使用现在分词作状语，故填making。
61．turning
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果对老师提出的实用的建议充耳不闻，你很可能以失败告终。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词。本句完整句子为You are likely to end in failure if you are turning a deaf ear to the teachers’ practical suggestions.省略主语you are，保留现在分词。故填turning。
62．Seeing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到他父亲睡着了，他没有发出任何声音就走出了房间。句中有谓语walked out of，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语he和动词see是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Seeing。
63．wearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克逊看起来和其他商人一样，穿着西装，拿着公文包。句子主干部分的谓语动词是looks，横线处应填入非谓语动词作状语，主语Jackson和动词wear是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填wearing。
64．to welcome
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学生前来欢迎他。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有一个谓语动词且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处使用不定式作目的状语，故填to welcome。
65．raised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在拥挤的地方饲养的动物很可能生病。此处为非谓语，动词raise和名词Animals之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填raised。
66．being made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他没有犯错，避免了被当成傻瓜。avoid doing sth是固定用法，动名词作宾语；动词make和主语之间是被动关系，故用其动名词的被动式。故填being made。
67．caught
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大雾，他一整天都被困在交通堵塞中。此处为非谓语，动词catch和主语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语，表示伴随。故填caught。
68．joining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：连接这两个城市的高速公路预计明年通车。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做后置定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语The highway之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填joining。
69．admit
【详解】考查省略to的不定式。句意：他不得不承认自己的错误。cannot but do意为“不得不做某事”，此处使用省略to的不定式。动词admit意为“承认”。故填admit。
70．cause
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不是要给我们制造麻烦，而是要帮助我们。连词rather than意为“而不是”，其后接动不定式，不定式可带to，也可不带to，但rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式，所以空处应填cause。故填cause。
71．to be paid
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的员工都在等着发工资，但是公司没有足够的钱。该空所给动词pay在句中作wait的宾语，应使用不定式形式，wait to do；主语employee与pay为被动关系，应该是公司给工人发工资，所以应填动词不定式的被动式。故填to be paid。
72．to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网使信息更容易找到。此处是固定搭配make sth.+形容词+to do，意为“使得做某事是怎么样的”。故填to find。
73．to unite
【详解】考查不定式作补语。句意：互联网让狂热者团结起来，分享他们对潮流的兴奋，交流和分享经验。固定短语：allow sb./sth. to do sth.“允许……做某事”，不定式作补语，结合句中英语提示，故填to unite。
74．ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多年龄在50到70岁之间的成年人接受了认知能力和身体活动的测试。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰adults，adults和range为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填ranging。
75．sharpening/to be sharpened
【详解】考查动名词，不定式和被动语态。句意：机械铅笔比传统铅笔更方便，因为它们永远不需要削尖。机械铅笔不需要被削尖，sth. need doing/to be done意为“某物需要被做”，因此空格处用sharpening/to be sharpened。故填sharpening/to be sharpened。
76．not to blame
【详解】考查固定结构。句意：昨天发生的事不怪孩子们。固定短语：be to blame“……要受到责备；把……归咎于”，其否定式是在不定式to前加not，结合句中英语提示，故填not to blame。
77．Equipped
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：王先生有丰富的知识和经验，很受学生的欢迎。be equipped with装备着，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词作状语。根据句意，故填Equipped。
78．tracking
【详解】考查动名词。句意：计划不仅是跟踪你的进度的关键，也是确保你能按时完成任务的关键。固定搭配the key to doing sth意为“……的关键”，设空处应填动词track的动名词tracking，作介词to的宾语。故填tracking。
79．to help
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：张老师尽他所能帮助我们提高英语水平。分析句子可知，what he can是宾语从句，作动词does的宾语，空处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to help。
80．Having completed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在按计划完成项目后，我们被允许休息两天。分析句子结构可知complete在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与we构成主动关系，且动作已经完成，应用having done形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Having completed。
81．indicating
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：总统出现在晚会上，表明他已经康复了。设空处为非谓语动词，该空下文是前半句产生的意料之中、自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填indicating。
82．making
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个残疾人，他实现梦想不是一件容易的事。分析句子成分可知，本句谓语动词为“is”，所以动名词作主语。故填making。
83．protecting
【详解】考查动名词。句意：他保护野生动物的态度非常坚决。attitude to doing sth.意为“做某事的态度”，动名词作介词的宾语。故填protecting。
84．running
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洗脸和洗手时，不要让水龙头一直开着。Don’t leave为谓语动词，空格处作宾语补足语，宾语 the tap和run之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填running。
85．releasing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，她放声大哭，释放了所有的情绪。空处在句中是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语she和动词release是主动关系，应用现在分成作状语，故填releasing。
86．involved
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这一全球性案件的所有相关人员都必须出席。此处为非谓语，动词involve“使参与”和所修饰的名词people之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语，involved已转化为形容词。故填involved。
87．Hearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，玛丽非常兴奋。分析句子可知，空处作句子的时间状语，是非谓语动词，hear和Mary逻辑上是主动关系，应用hear的现在分词形式hearing，且空处位于句首，hearing首字母应大写。故填Hearing。
88．Founded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校成立于20世纪初，一直致力于激发孩子们对艺术的热爱。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词keeps，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the school和found为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式，表示被动，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Founded。
89．to leave
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：你明天离开方便吗？分析句子可知，这里考查It's+形容词+(for sb.)+to do sth.表“（对于某人来说）做某事是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式。故填to leave。
90．to run
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我听到这个激动人心的消息时，我迫不及待地跑去告诉我的父母。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式。故填to run。
91．measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这男孩能游过那条宽100米的河，真是令人惊奇。“(measure) 100 meters wide.”作后置定语，修饰名词river，动词measure“（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为”应用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the river之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填measuring。
92．consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校为学生提供早餐、晚餐和包括三明治、饮料和甜点的盒装午餐。分析句子结构可知，consist of为非谓语动词短语，无被动形式，主动表被动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。
93．pollution/being polluted
【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：我们必须减少农药和化肥的使用，以保护我们的河流、溪流和农田免受污染。分析句子可知，空处作介词from的宾语，可用pollute的名词形式pollution，意为“污染”，是抽象名词，或用非谓语动词，且pollute和our rivers, streams and farmlands逻辑上是被动关系，应用pollute的动名词的被动式being polluted。故填pollution/being polluted。
94．doing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。句中it is no use doing sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事没有价值”，此处使用动名词作主语，此处it为形式主语，doing为真正的主语。故填doing。
95．Eating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃一个煮熟的鸡蛋或一个橙子作为零食有助于均衡饮食。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作主语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是普遍的、一般的行为，所以应使用动名词形式作主语，且表示主动意义，因位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Eating。
96．go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要让年龄不够大的孩子单独去游泳。分析句子可知，who is not old enough是who引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the child，主句使用了固定短语let sb. do sth.，意为“让某人做某事”，省略了to的不定式作宾语补足语，空处应用go的原形。故填go。
97．attracting
【详解】考查动名词。句意：为避免引起不必要的注意，他把声音压低了。动词avoid后接动名词作宾语，avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”。故填attracting。
98．based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我必须根据文章的标题来创建目录。句中谓语是had，空格处用非谓语动词，be based on意为“根据”，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填based。
99．are to survive
【详解】考查不定式短语。句意：在这样干燥的天气里，这些花如果要存活就必须浇水。此处用不定式短语be to do表示将来，表示“注定，必须要做的事情”，主句为一般将来时，主语为they，所以if引导的条件状语从句be动词用are。故填are to survive。
100．buried
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐在窗户旁边，头埋在书里。此处为with的复合结构，其中his head与bury为被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，故填buried。
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