河南省濮阳市第一高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题（B卷）

这是一份河南省濮阳市第一高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题（B卷），共12页。
濮阳市一高 2021 级高一下学期期中质量检测
英语试题
命题人: 濮阳市一高英语命题中心
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15 小题: 每小题 2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给 A, B, C, D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Looking for a winter vacation destination? Try these four resorts（度假胜地）.
Solitude Mountain Resort, Utah
Solitude Mountain is a place to go if you love skiing in winter but hate waiting on lift lines. Loving a bargain doesn't hurt either since the accommodations here are less expensive than nearby places.
Key West, Florida
The crowds thin out and the prices fall in Key West in winter. Key West, the southernmost point in the United States, has a remote, romantic feel. It has inspired many poets and has drawn such literary greats as Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams.
Taos, New Mexico
Taos, New Mexico, is a popular winter ski spot. But if you're not a skier, you'll want to head there anytime between November and April since there are fewer people there then. You'll still be able to experience all the culture and sights, including the thousand-year-old Taos Pueblo, the only living Native American community that is regarded as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Big Sky, Montana
Big Sky, Montana, has more than 5, 800 acres of skiing area spreading across several mountains, with a vertical（垂直的）drop of 4.350 feet, as well as 85 km of award-winning Nordic ski trails. So it's a good choice to head for Big Sky for the fantastic skiing in winter when it is called "the least crowded resort ever".
21. What's the advantage of Solitude Mountain Resort?
A. Being close to modern cities. B. Having cheaper accommodations.
C. Having warmer climate in winter. D. Providing store bargains for visitors.
22. What is Taos Pueblo?
A. It is a hotel in Mexico. B. It is the name of a skier.
C. It is an ancient community. D. It is a popular ski spot.
23. What do the places have in common in winter?
A. Unpolluted. B. Risky. C. Cheap. D. Uncrowded.
B
Like human beings, dogs may catch cold because of cold weather, wet conditions or can also get it from other sick dogs. If a dog has a running nose and watery eyes, coughs or sneezes（打喷嚏）, then it is quite probable that the dog has caught cold.
A dog's cold can get over after a few days without treatment but it totally depends upon the owner to treat it with medications（药物）or improve its immune power（免疫力）to get rid of the cold naturally. Following are some of the things you can do if your dog gets a cold.
You can improve its immune power by giving it proper nutrient diet. Healthy food can really do wonders. Try to give it food which is either suggested by the vet（兽医）or is healthy for your pet. Increase the intake of food which is rich in vitamins A, C and E.
Keep your dog warm. The best place for your dog in winter is inside your house. Do not keep your dog outside when it is cold and wet. At home you can also keep the dog warm with the help of carpets. This will make him comfortable and help him to recover fast.
Increase the fluid（流质）intake as it helps a lot. Water can be the best choice but you can also add broth（肉汤）in water which will give your dog strength. Warm water will make your dog more comfortable and will also keep the dog away from the respiratory infections（呼吸道感染）.
Steam treatment is considered to be effective in getting rid of cold. It makes the nasal（鼻的）passage wet, which helps proper breathing. Just fill your bathroom with steam and leave your dog inside the bathroom for 15 minutes. Do it nearly 2 to 3 times a day and you will see your dog recovering.
These are some of the things you can do to help your dog recover from cold. However, if you are not able to find any improvement in its health, then turn to the vet for help immediately, Take your dog for regular checkups so as to avoid complications（并发症）.
24. From the first paragraph we know about_____________.
A. the difficulty in keeping a dog as a pet. B. the similarities between dogs and human beings.
C. causes and symptoms（症状）of cold in dogs. D. characteristics of sick dogs.
25. When your dog catches cold, you should feed it on_____________.
A. its favorite food. B. the suggested food by the vet.
C. some meat and water. D. food rich in vitamin B.
26. When a dog catches cold, it is wrong to_____________.
A. keep it inside during cold and wet weather. B. let it eat too much solid food.
C. leave it inside the bathroom full of steam. D. keep it sleeping on carpets at home.
27. It can be learned from the text that_____________.
A. treating a dog's cold sometimes needs a vet's help.
B. it's quite easy to make a sick dog recover from cold.
C. a dog's cold can always disappear naturally.
D. cold in dogs won't spread between each other.
C
Teenagers have been regarded as the new "spend, spend, spend" generation, but their spending could put their parents in debt（欠债）.
A report shows that parents are lavishing cash on their teenagers so they can keep up with all the current fashion. But the report also shows that it is the age of the "kidult" as teenagers are acting older at a younger age and having a bigger say than ever in the clothes they buy and wear.
The majority of teenagers between 15 and 19 receive more than 100 pounds a month, but their plentiful pocket money is leading to many teenagers – particularly girls-becoming addicted to shopping as they spend a huge amount on clothes, make-up and electronic equipment.
Now the report is warning that the generous cash handouts from parents who owe（欠）a lot of money means the young people are not being taught important lessons in money management. Latest research from market analysts（分析员）of Mintel International shows that British teenagers -11 to 19 years old - love to spend but they are not just spending their own money. According to Richard Caines, one of Mintel International Retail analysts, "Parents today are prepared to go well beyond simply satisfying the basic financial needs of their children. So much so that the amount of money parents give to their children significantly outstrips（超过）economic growth and will continue so. There is no doubt that in the future teenagers will be hitting the shops even more often than they do already."
Today teenagers between 11 and 14 are more likely to receive at least 250 pounds a year as pocket money. The amount of pocket money obviously increases with age, so that between 15 and 19 years old the majority receive more than 100 pounds a month, with one in seven receiving 500 pounds or more.
28. Why do parents become indebted?
A. Due to their children's pocket money.
B. Due to their children's spending habits.
C. Because their children are acting older at a younger age.
D. Because their children have a bigger say than ever.
29. What does the underlined word "lavishing" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Paying. B. Loaning.
C. Receiving too much. D. Giving too much.
30. What can we learn about pocket money from the last paragraph?
A. Kids get less when they are an adult.
B. 7% of 15-19-year-old kids receive 500 pounds or more monthly.
C. 11-14-year-old kids get 250 pounds a month.
D. The older the kids are, the more they get.
31. According to the report, what do kids need to do?
A. Learn how to handle their money.
B. Stop spending pocket money.
C. Hit the shops more often.
D. Be satisfied with the amount of their pocket money.
D
Like many children, Heather studied hard, did her homework and played sports after school. During her elementary school years, she was thin, but things changed as she grew up.
"My bad eating habits began during my kid years," says Healther Daivs. "In middle school, I played sports, but with a diet of hamburgers and soda for lunch…big family dinners…I became overweight. "During her senior year in high school, Heather Davis, who is 5 feet 9 inches tall, weighed 200 pounds. "We had a meat-and-potatoes family. We had dessert every night and I was a member of the 'clean your plate club'. I tried my best to stop gaining weight, but it seemed impossible." remembers Healther Daivs. "It caught up with me." By the time she was 21 and attended college, Heather Davis' weight had increased to 250 pounds. Heather Davis says it was caused by emotional eating, a junk-food diet and lack of exercise.
The realization that failed diet led to the physical（身体的）cost of obesity（肥胖）made her decide to lose weight by taking exercise. She did gym exercise for two weeks and began changing her diet by cutting out potato chips, ice cream and pizza. Within the first two weeks, she had lost 18 pounds. Heather Davis remained determined, and over the next 12 months, with the support of her family and regular training with a gym trainer, she lost 110 pounds.
"My days of treating my body badly are over," say Heather Davis. "I focus on things I enjoy such as language classes and beach vacations." She says even though she's lost 110 pounds, she's still the same person-outgoing, and more importantly-happy. She's also become a good example for those who also want to lose weight. "If I can do it, anybody can do it," says Heather Davis.
32. When did Heather Davis become over weight?
A. During her elementary school days. B. when she was 22 years old.
C. When she was a teenager. D. During her college years.
33. During Heather Davis' college life, all the following led to her obesity EXCEPT that_____________.
A. she used to have a junk-food diet. B. she ate more when she was stressed.
C. she lived in a meat-and-potatoes family. D. she seldom took part in sports.
34. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A. Dropping 110 pounds changed a woman's life.
B. How to lose weight.
C. Stay away from unhealthy diets.
D. Heather Davis-an outgoing woman.
35. What is Davis like?
A. Forgetful B. Determined C. Talkative D. Lazy
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36 Here's how to make one.
37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it is important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get some exercise or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That's a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you're tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39 Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. Find the right motivation.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节,满分45分）
第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A lady wanted a birthday gift from her husband. For many months she had liked a beautiful 41 , and knowing her husband could 42 it, she told him that was all she wanted. On the morning of the 43 , her husband told her how 44 he was to have such a good wife, and how much he loved her. He 45 her a beautiful gift package（纸盒）. She opened it and 46 a Bible. 47 , she raised her voice and said to her husband, "With all your money, you give me a Bible?" She was so 48 that she left him.
Many years passed and the lady was very 49 in business. She owned two large companies. She 50 her husband was very old, and thought perhaps she should go to 51 him. But before she could, she 52 a letter telling her that he had died, and gave all of his possessions（财产）to her. She needed to come back and 53 things.
When she arrived at his house, sadness 54 her heart. She saw the still new 55 , just as she had left it years before, With 56 , she opened it and began to turn the pages. A ring 57 from the Bible to the floor and a 58 could be seen. She picked it up and found it was the ring she wanted in those days. And on the card was the date of her birth, and the words "LUV U ALWAYS".
59 your gift is not packaged the way you want it, it's because it is better packaged the way it is! Always appreciate little things; they usually lead you to bigger things! The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched for they must be felt with the 60 .
41. A. watch B. coat C. ring D. box
42. A. like B. afford C. design D. guess
43. A. holiday B. performance C. meeting D. birthday
44. A. proud B. kind C. sorry D. brave
45. A. lent B. asked C. gave D. moved
46. A. carried B. found C. missed D. held
47. A. Politely B. Angrily C. Patiently D. Lightly
48. A. calm B. careless C. grateful D. upset
49. A. failing B. lonely C. successful D. poor
50. A. realized B. hoped C. wondered D. explained
51. A. visit B. understand C. catch D. help
52. A. passed B. received C. sent D. wrote
53. A. take care of B. pay for C. look for D. give away
54. A. covered B. broke C. left D. filled
55. A. car B. letter C. Bible D. table
56. A. smiles B. laughter C. tears D. interests
57. A. dropped B. hid C. disappeared D. made
58. A. book B. pen C. flower D. card
59. A. Although B. But C. So D. If
60. A. hand B. heart C. face D. eye
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 61__________（have）to worry about fashion（时尚）. Everybody wears 62_________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 63_________ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 64_________（cycle）to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 65 ________（easy）see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 66_________ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades 67_________（improve）a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want 68_________（wear）the uniform. Other American studies showed no connections between uniforms and school 69_________（perform）.
School uniforms are 70________（tradition）in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
第四部分写作（共两节,满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day, I tried to take a book from the top shelf in my room. It was such tall that I couldn't reach the book on it. So I took an old chair placing beside a window and stepped on it. Which shocked me was that the chair breaks immediately. I had a fall down and was badly injured. Luckily, my sister noticed the accident and took her to hospital at once. I required to stay there for two weeks. I regretted not check the chair's condition before using it. After that accident, I did things careful in daily life and paid more attention to my safe.
第二节 书面表达（满分 25分）
假定你正在参加学校举办的一个英语演讲比赛, 就如何应对全球变暖这一话题发表自己的见解, 号召同学们过低碳生活, 为节能减排做贡献。请就这一话题写一篇演讲稿, 陈述你活自己的观点。演讲稿应包括以下内容:
1. 节能减排, 低碳生活, 人人可为;
2. 改变以往的家庭生活习惯（用电、用水等）;
3. 出行使用公共交通工具或骑自行车。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
3. 语言流畅, 书写规范, 卷面整洁。
参考词汇: 低碳生活low carbon life碳排放carbon emission
濮阳市一高2021级高一下学期期中质量检测
英语试题答案
A篇答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了三个美国的秋季节日。
21.A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 The meeting on Cape Cod is one that the locals look forward to all year long.可知，科德角的聚会深受当地人喜爱,故选A
22.C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 The latter allows travelers to taste the best local food that Maine has to offer at Casco Bay可知，想要品尝缅因州当地食物的人们最有可能会去 Harvest on the Harbor,故选C项。
23.D推理判断题。根据第一段可知,这些节日的共同之处是它们都在秋季举行,故选D项。A、B两项只是前两个节日的共同之处，c项则只有第一个节日符合。
B篇答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文。史密斯在沙漠中行驶时遇到了沙尘暴，车子抛锚。他感到很渴，碰到两个人都不愿意给他喝水，而是非要卖给他领带。史密斯很生气地拒绝了。最后他看到了一个酒店，他想进入，却因为没有打领带而不被允许进入。
24.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“His car left the road and then broke down.”（他的车离开了公路，然后抛锚了。）可知，在沙尘暴中，他的车出了问题。故选C。
25.A词义猜测题。根据第四段第五句和第六句“I am dying of thirst. Let me have some of your water.”（我渴死了。给我喝点你的水。）可知，史密斯快渴死了，想要喝这个人的水，根据第八句You can’t have any water,” he said, “but I’ll sell you a necktie.”（“你不能喝水，”他说，“但我可以卖给你一条领带。”）可知，此时史密斯很生气，因为他想喝水，不想买领带，但是这个人就是不给他喝水。所以furiously和angrily词义相近。故选A。
26.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“You can’t come in here without a necktie.”（你不能不打领带就进来。）可知，因为穿着不得体，所以史密斯不被允许进入旅馆。故选C。
27．D主旨大意题。史密斯在沙漠中行驶时遇到了沙尘暴，车子抛锚。他感到很渴，碰到两个人都不愿意给他喝水，而是非要卖给他领带。史密斯很生气地拒绝了。最后他看到了一个酒店，他想进入，却因为没有打领带而不被允许进入。所以这个故事告诉我们：当你回首往事时，你可以将许多事件联系起来。故选D。
C篇答案与解析
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历，说明了不要在意别人对自己身体的负面评价，每个人都应该充满活力而又快乐地去生活。
28.B细节理解题。文章第一段提及作者哥哥说的话 “you’re already obese(你已经肥胖了)”由此可知，作者以前很胖。故选B项。
29.D推理判断题。根据文中第二段“I listened as she shared her own journey to recovery and self-love(我听着她分享自己的康复和自爱之旅)”及“If what you see bothers you so much, feel free to practise the ancient art of looking somewhere else(如果你看到的东西让你如此烦恼，请自由地练习看别处的古老艺术)”可知Ragen Chastain 是非常友善和自信的。故选D项。
30 C细节理解题。根据文中 “Walking! I was suddenly aware of how foolish I’d been for so long(走步!我突然意识到我一直以来是多么的愚蠢)”可知作者听完Ragen Chastai的故事后倍受启发。故选C项。
31 A推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“The next time anyone comment? on your body in a negative（消极的）way, look them straight in the eye, smile and say. “If what you see bothers you so much, feel free to practice the ancient art of looking somewhere else(下次有人对你的身体有负面评价时，直视他们的眼睛，微笑着说。”如果你看到的东西让你如此烦恼，请自由地看看其他地方)”可知，作者告诉我们爱自己，不在乎别人的负面评价。故选A项。
D篇答案与解析
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典利用乌鸦帮助人类清理被随意丢弃的烟头，既保护了环境，又节约了收集烟头的成本。
32D 细节理解题。根据第四段内容“The birds are not only receiving a delicious treat while cleaning the city, they’re also saving that city a lot of money. The company has guessed that the project will be able to reduce the cost of cigarette end collection by about 75%.”（这些鸟不仅在清洁城市时得到了美味的款待，还为城市节省了很多钱。该公司估计，该项目将能够降低约75%的烟头收集成本。）可知，使用乌鸦收集烟头可以为城市节省很多钱，据估计能够降低约75%的烟头收集成本，由此可知，使用鸟类收集烟头的最大优势是能节省很多钱。故选D项。
33C 推理判断题 由第四段和第五段的“About 1 billion cigarette ends litter on the streets of Sweden every year, making up 62% of the total liter”这一句可知，答案C正确
34 D．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Then the birds will receive a treat for their efforts.”（然后，这些鸟将因它们的努力而得到款待。）和倒数第二段关键句“At the same time, there’s a lower risk of them mistakenly eating any rubbish due to the delicious treats for them.”（同时，由于给它们提供的美味的食物，它们误食垃圾的风险更低。）可知，乌鸦帮助人类收集烟头，可以得到美味的食物，这也降低了它们误食垃圾的风险，让它们能够吃到健康的食物，由此可知，该项目给鸟类带来了足够的健康食物。故选D项。
35C.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Crows are known for their abilities to build and use tools. If this project proves to be successful, then the idea could spread to other places and perhaps be a huge help in other cities and even countries as well.”（乌鸦以其建造和使用工具的能力而闻名。如果这个项目被证明是成功的，那么这个想法可能会传播到其他地方，也许对其他城市甚至国家也会有巨大的帮助。）可知，这者认为乌鸦以其建造和使用工具的能力而闻名，如果这个项目被证明是成功的，也可以帮助其他城市甚至国家解决类似问题，由此可推断出，作者对这个鸟类项目的态度是支持的。故选C项。
七选五答案与解析
这是一篇应用文。主要讲述如何保持宿舍整洁。
36 F根据下文“As a result, everybody’s business is nobody’s business.(因此，每个人都要操心的事情就成了没人操心的事情)”可知，空格处应描述宿舍里有可能不是你一个人住；选项F. Besides, many students share a room with at least another student.(另外，许多学生与至少一个学生共用一个房间)正好引出下文的结果。故选F。
37 E 根据上文“If you can, sweep up your room every day in the morning. You can also do it every other day.(如果可以的话，每天早上打扫你的房间。你也可以每隔一天打扫一次)”以及下文“Doing this can make the process harder during exam time.(这样做让整个过程在考试期间更困难)”可知，空格处应接上文描述打扫卫生的时间，但是不能间隔时间太长；选项E. But do not go more than two days without cleaning your room.(但是不要超过两天时间不打扫卫生)承接上下文。故选E。
38 B 根据下文“The quickest way of making a dorm room dirty and unorganized is to throw clothes everywhere.(让宿舍很快变得脏乱的方法就是把衣服扔得到处都是)”可知，本段主要讲述保持整洁的方法之一，即，不要把衣服扔得到处都是；且空格处概括本段内容；选项B. Avoid placing clothes everywhere(避免把衣服放的到处都是)概括下文。故选B。
39 C 根据上文“Therefore, having a study plan helps you stay in control of your study life(因此，有一个学习计划能帮助你控制你的学习生活)”可知，空格处应承接上文进一步讲述有学习计划的好处；选项C. It also makes your social and personal life easier.(它还可以让你的社交和个人生活更容易)，其中“It”指代上文“having a study plan”且进一步讲述它的好处。故选C。
40 G 根据上文“Therefore, the best way of keeping your room clean is to avoid eating in it(因此，让你的房间保持整洁的最好的方法是避免在里面吃东西)”可知，空格处应进一步描述避免在房间里吃东西的其他情况；选项G. Similarly, do not allow friends and classmates to eat in your room.(同样，也不要让你的朋友和室友在你的房间里吃东西)正好衔接上文。故选G。
完形填空答案与解析
41:动物园非常大，而他们的时间又是有限的，所以每个地方都去是不可能的。答案:B
42 解析:一个时间紧，一个地方大。这是他们要有选择地去看的两个原因。答案:C
43解析:return“原路返回，折回”。在岔路口如果不计划好，很可能会从原路折回再到另一处，这样就大大浪费了时间。答案:A
44.解析:branch“分支，(河流、道路、线路等)分岔”。既然在岔路口就不再是main road“大道”，crossing“十字路口”，highway“公路，大路”。答案:B
45.解析:show“指示，告示，指出”，如:The clock shows half past two.时钟的针指着两点半。point加上out可以表达“指出”；intend“打算，意欲”。答案:A
46.解析:和discussion搭配可用brief,意为“简短的讨论”；long discussion“长时间的讨论”，用brief最恰当。答案:D
47.解析:favor意为“偏爱”。答案:C
48.解析:“因此，鉴于此，他们不得不一路都要作出选择。”答案:B
49.解析:在他们所作的决定中，每一个选择都意味着要放弃某些东西，而放弃这些，往往令人禁不住感到遗憾。give up“放弃，舍弃”。另外三个词均含有“得到，抓住”之意，和give up相反。答案:D
50.解析:根据本句后半部分可知“不容许耽搁”。slowly“缓慢地”；timely“及时地”，强调“适当的时间”；easily“容易地”。答案:B
51.解析:犹豫不决、优柔寡断只能耽误更多的时间，错过更多的景致。答案:B
52.解析:这几句话说明一个意思，逻辑强调。最后得出结论；只有快速地作出决定才能提供更多观光的机会，从而减少可能的遗憾。答案:C
53.解析:reduce“减少”；increase“增加”;raise“提高”；cause“引起”。答案:C
54.解析:more or less“大致，大约”。上面这个故事所说明的道理借用到生活上，大致也是如此。just exactly“恰好，精确地”；hardly“几乎不”，与文意不符；most是代词或形容词“大部分”。答案:B
55.解析:这几个是生活中的例子，和上面的故事相似。说明一个道理:鱼和熊掌不能兼得。前两项应排除。enjoyable“令人愉快的”，这个词的意义没有desirable“非常想做的，令人满意的”那么强，那么令人难以割舍。答案:D
56.解析:have to“不得不”，因客观原因，主观无能为力。must“必须”，强调主观认为有必要。wish,want表示主观的愿望。答案:D
57.解析:此处表示如果犹豫不决，患得患失，权衡利弊，那么就可能一无所获，两手空空。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”；kill time“消磨时间，打发日子”；have a hard time“过得很艰难”；hope for“希望得到”。答案:A
58.解析:end up in sth.“以某事作为结局”；start with...“以……开始”；get up“起床，起身”；succeed in sth.“成功地做某事”。答案:D
59.解析:at least“至少”。by no means,not in the least意思均是“一点也不”；at most“至多”。文章的最后以幽默的语调结尾：“不要难过，至少你能得到生活中最想要的东西的一半——最难得到的东西。”答案:D
60.解析:hard=difficult。短语动词obtain的意思是“得到”。答案:C
语法填空答案与解析
61．welcomed 62．how 63．specially 64．experiments 65．who
66．weight 67．Based 68．will be held 69．to spread 70．about
本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了神州十三号中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光福在天宫空间站为数百万学生进行科学讲座的事情。
61．考查动词时态。句意：下午3点40分，报告会开始，神舟十三号队员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光福等迎接同学、老师和与会人员。分析句子可知，空处缺少句子的谓语，根据when后的动词started可知，句子为一般过去时，动词要用过去式，welcome的过去式为welcomed。故填welcomed。
62．考查宾语从句。句意：他们向观众介绍了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作，展示了他们的锻炼设备和特别设计的宇航服，并在微重力条件下进行了一些物理实验，如“浮力消失”和“水球”。分析句子可知，空处缺少连接词引导宾语从句，根据句意可知，三位宇航员介绍了他们如何在空间站生活和工作，how如何，符合语境。故填：how。
63．考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰“designed”，用副词作状语，special的副词形式为specially(特别地)。故填specially。
64．考查名词。句意同上。根据several(几个)可知，后面的可数名词experiment，用复数形式。故填experiments。
65．考查定语从句。句意：叶光福展示了他如何在失重的环境中翻转自己的身体，这是他的第一次太空飞行。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Ye，指代人，且作从句的主语，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
66．考查名词。句意同上。空处缺少名词，作have的宾语，此处表示“体重”，用weight，不可数名词。故填weight。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：在我国载人航天飞行的基础上，中国宇航员将在未来举行更多的讲座。分析句子可知，空处作句子的状语，逻辑主语lectures与base构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词，作状语。故填Based。
68．考查动词语态。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语，主语lectures与hold构成逻辑上的被动关系，且时间为in future，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be held。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：这样的活动旨在传播载人航天知识，使年轻人对科学更加好奇。be intended to do为固定短语，意思为“旨在做某事”。故填to spread。
70．考查介词。句意同上。固定短语 be curious about“对于……好奇”，此处使用形容词，作宾语补足语，空处缺少介词about。故填about。
短文改错答案与解析
1.her→me 2.now→then 3.but→and 4.tidily→tidy 5.在play后加with
6.将the去掉 7.look→looking 8.most→more 9.homeworks→homework
10.had→has
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养猫的经历和感悟。
1.考查代词。句意：去年我生日的时候，妈妈送给我一只可爱的猫作为生日礼物。根据“my mother”可知，此处对应的人称代词是“我”，作为宾语需用me。故将her改为me。
2.考查固定短语。句意：从那时起，照顾这只猫就成了我的工作。此处表示“从那时起”，需用固定短语from then on，故将now改为then。
3.考查连词。句意：我每天喂猫，并保持它的窝干净整洁。“feed the cat every day” 和“keep its nest （窝）clean and tidy”是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故将but改为and。
4.考查形容词。句意同上。分析可知，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语。故将tidily改为tidy。
5.考查固定短语。句意：我也尽量抽出时间和猫玩。play with sb.为固定短语，意为“和……一起玩”。故在play后面加with。
6.考查冠词。句意：当我在做某事时，它通常静静地躺在我面前，耐心地看着我。in front of表示“在……前面（物体外部）”，in the front of表示“在……前面（物体内部）”，此处表示在“我”前面，即外部的前面，需将the去掉。故将the去掉。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。已有谓语动词lies，此处需用非谓语动词作状语，it和look为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故将look改为looking。
8.考查形容词比较级。句意：自从我有了这只可爱的小猫，我变得比以前更有耐心了，即使是做作业。根据“than”可知，此处为形容词比较级。故将most改为more。
9.考查名词。句意同上。homework为不可数名词。故将homeworks改为homework。
10.考查动词时态。句意：有宠物的生活变得更好。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为life，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故将had改为has
作文参考范文 Dear John,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in Chinese traditional festivals and want to experience one of them.
There are many traditional festivals in China, such as the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival. To be frank, the atmosphere of the Mid-Autumn Festival is absolutely significant. I really hope you can come and spend the festival with me.
The Mid-Autumn Festival, a special occasion for families to gather, falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year. The fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year celebrates the harvest and people admire the beautiful moon with joy. After all, it is said that the moon that day is the biggest and brightest. It's also a day to eat special food like moon cakes.
I am looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hus