广东省广州市西关外国语学校2020-2021学年高二下学期英语期中考试题（含解析）

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这是一份广东省广州市西关外国语学校2020-2021学年高二下学期英语期中考试题（含解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，根据汉语意思填写单词，根据所给汉语提示填空，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
广东省广州市西关外国语学校2020-2021学年高二下学期英语期中考试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone, and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch. Some in the city can’t wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.
“I’d use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a.m. and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open,” said Walter Choo, 40, of Fort Greene.
The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600,the Times said, possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的)reality, a technology already available on smart phones and tablets(平板电脑)that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings. So, for example, if you were walking down a street, indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.
“As far as a mainstream consumer product, this just isn’t something anybody needs,” said Sam Biddle, who writes for Gizmodo.com.“We’re accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things,” he added,“ and the average consumer isn’t gonna be able to afford another device(装置)that’s hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”
9 to 5Google publisher Seth Weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year, said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.
“It’s just like smartphones 10 years ago,” Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones, and people thought that was crazy. Same kind of thing. We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones, and it’s unnatural,” he said.“There’s gonna be improvements to that, and this a step there.”
1．One of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses is to　　　.
A．program the opening hours of a bar
B．supply you with a picture of the future
C．provide information about your surroundings
D．update the maps and GPS in your smartphones
2．The underlined phrase “pop up” in the third paragraph probably means“　　　　”.
A．develop rapidly B．get round quickly
C．appear immediately D．go over automatically
3．According to Sam Biddle, the smartphone-like glasses are　　　　.
A．necessary for teenagers B．attractive to New Yorkers
C．available to people worldwide D．expensive for average consumers

When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会)，nobody understood what she was talking about .But Sophia knew just how important Make – A –Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one her best friends .We were interested in finding out more ,so we went along to meet Sophia listen to what she had to say .
Sophia told us that Make – A –Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980.”It’s a charity(慈善机构)that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make – A –Wish help children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true ,” Sophia explained .
We asked Sophia how Make – A –Wish had first started .She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris ,who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman .Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris’s dream come true ----so, with everybody’s help , Chris, only seven years old at the time ,had been a “policeman” for a day .” when people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too ,and that was the beginning of Make – A –Wish,” explained Sophia
Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.
4．Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had .
A．volunteered to help it B．benefited from it
C．dreamed about it D．told the author about it
5．According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish .
A．is an international charity
B．was understood by nobody at first
C．raises money for very poor families
D．started by drawing the interest of the public
6．What is said about Chris in Paragraph3?
A．He has been a policeman since he was seven.
B．He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-Wish
C．He wanted people to help make his dream come true.
D．He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.
7．Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers?
A．They are important for making wishes come true.
B．They try to help children get over their illnesses.
C．They visit sick children to make them feel special.
D．They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.

If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡)accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.

Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil (化石)bones that have caved in on them selves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.
Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.
If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.
Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark- and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey(猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.
8．Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?
A．A twisted body. B．A gradual decrease in blood supply.
C．A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. D．A drop in blood pressure.
9．The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see________ .
A．how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends B．how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression
C．why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies D．when ichthyosaurs broke their bones
10．Rothschild’s finding stated in Paragraph 4________ ..
A．confirmed his assumption B．speeded up his research process
C．disagreed with his assumption D．changed his research objectives
11．Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ________ .
A．failed to evolve an anti decompression means
B．gradually developed measures against the bends
C．died out because of large sharks and crocodiles
D．evolved an anti decompression means but soon lost it

One might expect that the evergrowing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but good for the countries that receive the holidaymakers. Indeed, a rosy picture is painted for the longterm future of the holiday industry. Every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere. And every month, another rockbound Pacific island is advertised as the ‘last paradise on earth’.
However, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of seaside holidays, overcrowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.
Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education. Its forests, full of wildlife and rare flowers, were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise. In fact, the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holidaymakers traveling through the forest land. Ancient tracks became major routes for the walkers, with the consequent exploitation of precious trees and plants.
Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism. The people as well rapidly feel its effects. Farmland makes way for hotels, roads and airports; the old way of life goes. The onetime farmer is now the servant of some multinational organization; he is no longer his own master. Once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited. No doubt he wonders whether he wasn't happier in his village working his own land.
Thankfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries that receive its customers. The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and actually obtain financial support from tourist companies. At the same time, tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its people.
The way tourism is handled in the next decade will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit. Their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies. Increased understanding in planning worldwide tourism can preserve the market for them. If not, in a few years' time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.
12．What does the author indicate in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?
A．The Pacific island is a paradise. B．The Pacific island is worth visiting.
C．The advertisement is not convincing. D．The advertisement is not impressive.
13．The example of Nepal is used to suggest ________.
A．its natural resources are untouched B．its forests are exploited for farmland
C．it develops well in health and education D．it suffers from the heavy flow of tourists
14．Which of the following determines the future of tourism?
A．The number of tourists. B．The improvement of services.
C．The promotion of new products. D．The management of tourism.
15．The author's attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is ________.
A．optimistic B．doubtful C．objective D．negative

二、七选五
As we all know, the universe includes the Sun and Earth, the planets and moons, the galaxies and stars. 16
Within the universe are billions of galaxies. A galaxy such as our own Milky Way contains billions of stars. 17 Like many stars, the Sun is orbited by planet, comets, and asteroids. Together they form a solar system.
Cosmologists (宇宙学家) think that before the universe existed, all matter and energy were gathered in a tiny point. Then the point exploded. This explosion is called the Big Bang. After the Big Bang, the universe expanded at an amazing rate. 18 It took about 400 million years for the stars and galaxies to form. Earth and the rest of the solar system came into being about 9 billion years after the Big Bang.
We still have much to learn about the universe. One important question remains unanswered: Does life exist beyond Earth? Scientists do not have the answer. 19 Others believe that there are thousands of worlds with people or animals living there yet to be discovered. But no one can say for sure.
20 Some think that the universe will continue to expand forever. Others feel that the galaxies, solar systems and planets might someday be torn apart. Whatever happens to the universe, don’t worry — it’s not going to happen for billions of years!
A．One of those stars is the Sun.
B．The Sun and the Earth are in the solar system.
C．That is, the universe includes space and everything in it.
D．Some people believe that people have a good life on Earth.
E．The expansion then slowed and, over time, the universe cooled.
F．Some think that Earth is the only planet in the universe with intelligent life.
G．Cosmologists are also trying to determine what the likely future of the universe will be.

三、完形填空
Another two points! Crowded by defenders, Charlie, one hand lifting the ball high, 21 toward the basket…
At 10, he lost small areas of hair. It grew back, but then at 12, all of his hair 22 . An aunt sent tea recipes, hoping one might cure him. Nothing helped.
Soon, Charlie discovered how 23 hair loss could be. Other kids called him 24 names. He began to withdraw, 25 his head under caps. At school, he was stopped for breaking a no-hats rule. A note from his doctor gave him 26 to wear hats, but they only drew more 27 attention. Through it all, Charlie’s mother gave him 28 he needed. “She was there for me in good and bad times. When I was hurting and feeling bad, she was 29 even more for me.”
30 , something incredible happened: Charlie grew taller. One summer, he grew seven inches! Then he began spending time on basketball. Basketball helped him 31 his alopecia (斑秃). “I put my frustration into motivation to the point where kids weren’t looking at me as a kid with a condition but a kid could play basketball really well.”
The bullying stopped and his 32 career began. All along the ways he has helped others. He started the Foundation to help kids with alopecia.
Charlie wanted all kids like him to feel good about who they are. “We’re all special in our own different ways. 33 it, and enjoy life 34 . I’ve always tried to 35 myself with good people and good environments. Believe in yourself, and all dreams are possible.”
21．A．bumped B．leaped C．fled D．hiked
22．A．grew B．whitened C．cut D．disappeared
23．A．embarrassing B．fulfilling C．vivid D．distinct
24．A．suitable B．relevant C．hurtful D．extraordinary
25．A．combing B．hiding C．scanning D．washing
26．A．permission B．recommendation C．encouragement D．confidence
27．A．necessary B．absurd C．adequate D．negative
28．A．qualification B．affection C．support D．congratulation
29．A．puzzled B．awesome C．upset D．annoyed
30．A．Instead B．However C．Finally D．Besides
31．A．deal with B．turn around C．come across D．take in
32．A．autonomous B．strange C．dreaming D．outstanding
33．A．Ignore B．Abolish C．Overcome D．Embrace
34．A．properly B．positively C．comfortably D．skillfully
35．A．surround B．equip C．play D．provide

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A few months 36 (early), Stephanie Heller noticed a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, 37 (explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. “This woman felt every bit her age.” she recalled. “I don’t let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I 38 (make)over the years. I’m only as old as I feel.”
Each of us has 39 actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But 40 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel young, 41 others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some 42 (connect)among them. People 43 a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend 44 (score) “younger” on these assessments.
When scientists ask, “How old do you feel, most of the time?” the answer can reflect the state of people’s physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, 45 is called “subjective age”.

五、根据汉语意思填写单词
46．The foundation would like to launch programs for providing _________(援助)for poor areas in Africa.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47．He is a well-educated man and behaves _________ (高雅). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48．Life can be compared to a journey with an unknown ______（目的地）. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
49．Who will in charge of the _________(分配) of food and clothing to the flood victims? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．Mr Green found the mild climate in Kunming _________(有益) to his health. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51．The film was _________(改编) from the novel with the same name. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52．Her mother’s words _________(安慰) the sobbing girl yesterday. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53．The man anxiously _________(催促) the taxi driver faster so that he could catch up with the last flight. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54．Sometimes I wonder if my teaching is _________(有关的) to the future of the students. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55．Besides studying at school, he often _________(参加) in some after-school activities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56．In a formal football match, each team can have three players to _________(替换) their teammates when necessary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57．It’s reported that Jackie Chan has _________(捐赠) a great amount of money to the charity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58．The president appeared, _________(陪同) by six strong bodyguards. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59．The police have appealed for _________(目击者) to the accident. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60．The quicker you _________(调整) yourself to the college life, the more progress you will make. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

六、根据所给汉语提示填空
61．She has a big problem with her throat. _________________ (换言之), she must give up singing. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
62．It is __________________(不可能的) for him to acknowledge that he is guilty. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
63．He _________________(一定)come, for he is always keeping his word. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
64．One of the rooms was ______________(为……保留) for yoga(瑜伽) class. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
65．When I bought the house, my sister ________________(帮我摆脱困境) with a loan. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
66．They were not dangerous at all, but I ________________(吓死了). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
67．Deeds are better than words when people are ________________(需要) of help. (根据汉语提示完成句子)

七、根据汉语意思填写单词
68．He is ________________(闲坐) doing nothing at all, which makes his wife a little annoyed. (根据汉语提示完成句子)

八、根据所给汉语提示填空
69．I ________________(忙于)my lessons now, so I can’t go to play basketball with you. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
70．Besides, ______________________(就他而言), what other people thought was not the most important thing. (根据汉语提示完成句子)

九、读后续写
71．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A little girl whose parents had died lived with her grandmother and slept in an upstairs bedroom. One night there was a fire in the house and the grandmother died while trying to rescue the child. The fire spread quickly, and the situation was terrible.
Neighbours called the fire department, then stood helplessly by, unable to enter the house because flames blocked all the entrances. The little girl appeared at an upstairs window, crying for help, just as word spread among the crowd that the fire- fighters would be delayed a few minutes because they were all at another fire.
Suddenly, a man appeared with a ladder, put it up against the side of the house and disappeared inside. When he reappeared, he had the little girl in his arms. He delivered the child to the waiting arms below, then disappeared into the night.
An investigation revealed that the child had no living relatives, and weeks later a meeting was held in the town hall to determine who would take the child into their home and bring her up.
A teacher said she would like to raise the child. She pointed out that she could ensure her a good education. A farmer offered her an upbringing (教养) on his farm. He pointed out that living on a farm was healthy and satisfying. Others spoke, giving their reasons why it was to the child's advantage to live with them.
Finally, the town's richest resident rose and said, “I can give this child all the advantages that you have mentioned here, plus money and everything that money can buy.”
Throughout all this, the child remained silent, her eyes on the floor.
“Does anyone else want to speak?” asked the meeting chairman. A man came forward from the back of the hall. He walked slowly and appeared to be in pain.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
When he got to the front of the hall, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When asked her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．C 2．C 3．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种使用智能技术的新型眼镜，这种眼镜可以向用户提供周围环境的具体信息。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600,the Times said, possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的)reality, a technology already available on smart phones and tablets(平板电脑)that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings. (《纽约时报》称，这款类似智能手机的眼镜可能会在今年上市，价格在250美元到600美元之间，可能包括增强现实技术的变体，这种技术已经在智能手机和平板电脑上使用，可以将周围环境的信息覆盖到屏幕上。)”可知，Google眼镜这一技术可以给你提供周围环境的信息。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据划线词前一句“The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600,the Times said, possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的)reality, a technology already available on smart phones and tablets(平板电脑)that overlays information onto the screen about one’s surroundings. (《纽约时报》称，这款类似智能手机的眼镜可能会在今年上市，价格在250美元到600美元之间，可能包括增强现实技术的变体，这种技术已经在智能手机和平板电脑上使用，可以将周围环境的信息覆盖到屏幕上。)”以及划线词后半句“showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you. (告诉你最近的咖啡店，或者可以在你面前的人行道上绘制出方向。)”可知，这一技术可以迅速得知你周围事物的信息，所以猜测该词pop up表示“立即出现”之意。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段““We’re accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things,” he added,“ and the average consumer isn’t gonna be able to afford another device(装置)that’s hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”(我们已经习惯了口袋里有一件东西可以做所有这些事情，”他补充说，“普通消费者负担不起另一种价值成百上千美元的设备。”)”可知，目前这一产品的价格还不是普通人能够承受的。故选D。
4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过十九岁的Sophia Giorgi的讲述介绍了Make-A-Wish Foundation世界基金会的一些信息。Make —A—Wish 是1980年开始于美国的一家世界慈善机构。帮助那些患有疾病的儿童实现一个愿望。
4．细节理解题。根据文章首段because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one her best friends可知这个组织帮助了她的一个好朋友，所以索菲亚发现了“Make-A-Wish”是因为她最好的朋友。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Sophia told us that Make – A –Wish is a worldwide organization …….”It’s a charity(慈善机构)that helps children ……可知，Make – A –Wish是一个国际慈善机构，故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris ,可知，她说这一切都始于一个名叫克里斯的重病男孩。所以创办Make-A-Wish的想法是Chris提出的，故选B。
7．细节理解题。从文章末段 Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.可知，索菲亚说，志愿者很重要，因为他们是帮助实现愿望的人。所以这些志愿者在帮助人们实现梦想方面是非常重要的，故选A。
8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A

【分析】本文是说明文，文章介绍了对鱼龙等海洋生物变弯曲的原因的研究。
8．细节理解题。第一段第三句提到遭遇bend的症状是"sharp pain and a bent body"，此处bent等于twisted，意为"扭曲的，弯曲的"，故答案选A。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150million years．"可知Rothschild教授的研究目的是鱼龙如何适应减压问题，答案为B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句"Instead，he was astonished to discover the opposite．"可知研究结果与他原本的假设相反，因此答案为C。
11．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means，they clearly did so quickly-and，most strangely，they lost it afterwards．可以推断出答案，Rothschild可能已经得出结论：鱼龙类生物未能进化出反减压器官，故选A。
12．C 13．D 14．D 15．C

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向大家介绍了当今世界旅游过热所带来的一些负面问题，许多国家为了发展旅游业，招揽游客，致使当地的环境、人们的生活方式发生了改变，产生了许多负面效应。不过，现在旅游行业也认识到了这些问题，并作出了一些努力来改变这些状况。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“And every month, another rockbound Pacific island is advertised as the ‘last paradise on earth’.(每个月，还有一个被岩石包围的太平洋岛屿被宣传为“地球上最后的天堂”)”以及第二段“However, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of seaside holidays, overcrowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.(然而，这种增长的规模和速度似乎注定会破坏游客想要享受的东西。在那些急于从海边度假中快速赚钱的国家，过度拥挤的海滩和无尽的水泥丛林般的酒店已经开始失去吸引力)”可推知，对于这种迅速更替的旅游广告，作者认为是不太可信的。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy.(然而，这种增长的规模和速度似乎注定会破坏游客想要享受的东西)”以及第三段“Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education. Its forests, full of wildlife and rare flowers, were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise. In fact, the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holidaymakers traveling through the forest land. Ancient tracks became major routes for the walkers, with the consequent exploitation of precious trees and plants. (那些缺乏旅游经验的国家遭受的损失最大。近年来，尼泊尔开始吸引外国游客为卫生和教育发展提供资金。它的森林里到处都是野生动物和珍稀花卉，成为游客们的另一个未受破坏的天堂。事实上，大自然很快就感受到了成千上万的度假者穿越森林的影响。随着珍贵的树木和植物被开发利用，古代的足迹成为了步行者的主要路线)”可推知，作者想要借尼泊尔来说明过度开发旅游资源给这个国家带来了许多的问题。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The way tourism is handled in the next decade will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit. Their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies. Increased understanding in planning worldwide tourism can preserve the market for them.(未来十年，旅游业的发展方式将决定旅游业的命运，也将决定我们都想去的国家的命运。他们的需求和问题比旅游公司的更重要。增加对全球旅游规划的了解可以为他们保留市场)”可推知，旅游管理决定了旅游业的未来。故选D。
15．推理判断题。本文主要分两部分内容，前文作者主要对旅游过热带来的不良影响进行了说明，后文又对旅游行业自身的改善做了介绍，总体来看，作者是以一个客观的角度来说明的，可推知，作者对旅游业发展的态度是客观的。故选C。
16．C 17．A 18．E 19．F 20．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了宇宙的诞生、构成以及对宇宙未来的预测。
16．根据上文“As we all know, the universe includes the Sun and Earth, the planets and moons, the galaxies and stars.(我们都知道，宇宙包括太阳和地球，行星和卫星，星系和恒星)”可知，上文提到了宇宙包含许多东西，本句为本段最后一句，对上文进行总结，故C选项“也就是说，宇宙包括空间和其中的一切”符合语境，故选C。
17．根据后文“Like many stars, the Sun is orbited by planet, comets, and asteroids. Together they form a solar system.(像许多恒星一样，太阳被行星、彗星和小行星所环绕。它们一起构成了太阳系)”可知，后文举出了太阳这颗恒星，A选项中stars对应后文stars。故A选项“其中一颗恒星是太阳”符合语境，故选A。
18．根据上文“After the Big Bang, the universe expanded at an amazing rate.(大爆炸之后，宇宙以惊人的速度膨胀)”以及后文“It took about 400 million years for the stars and galaxies to form. Earth and the rest of the solar system came into being about 9 billion years after the Big Bang.(恒星和星系的形成花了大约4亿年。地球和太阳系的其他部分在宇宙大爆炸后大约90亿年形成)”可知，上文提到了膨胀，故本句继续说明膨胀之后的过程，E选项中expansion对应上文expanded。故E选项“膨胀变慢了，随着时间的推移，宇宙冷却了”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据上文“We still have much to learn about the universe. One important question remains unanswered: Does life exist beyond Earth? Scientists do not have the answer.(关于宇宙，我们还有很多需要了解的。一个重要的问题仍未得到解答：地球之外是否存在生命？科学家们没有答案)”以及后文“Others believe that there are thousands of worlds with people or animals living there yet to be discovered. But no one can say for sure.(另一些人则认为，有成千上万的世界有人类或动物居住在那里，尚未被发现。但没有人能确定)”可知，后文提到了另一些人的看法，与F选项中some构成some…others…，表示“一些……另一些……”。故F选项“有些人认为地球是宇宙中唯一有智慧生命的行星”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据后文“Some think that the universe will continue to expand forever. Others feel that the galaxies, solar systems and planets might someday be torn apart. Whatever happens to the universe, don’t worry-it’s not going to happen for billions of years!(有些人认为宇宙会永远膨胀下去。另一些人则认为，星系、太阳系和行星有一天可能会被撕裂。不管宇宙发生了什么，不要担心——几十亿年内都不会发生！)”可知，本段主要是关于对未来宇宙的样子进行的预测，故G选项“宇宙学家也在试图确定宇宙的未来可能会是什么样子”符合语境，故选G。

21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．D 34．B 35．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名篮球运动员查理积极面对自己的缺陷并拥有了杰出的职业生涯的故事。

21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在防守队员的包围下，Charlie一手把球举得高高的，向篮筐跳去。A. bumped碰上；B. leaped跳跃；C. fled逃走；D. hiked远足。根据后文“one hand lifting the ball high”以及“toward the basket”可知，应是描述篮球比赛中跳起来投篮的场景。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来又长出来了，但到了12岁，他的头发就全没了。A. grew成长，生长；B. whitened变白；C. cut修剪；D. disappeared消失。根据句中“but”和下文“Soon, Charlie discovered how　　3　　 hair loss could be.”可知，头发长出来后又没了。故选D项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，Charlie发现了脱发是多么令人尴尬。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. fulfilling令人满足的；C. vivid生动的；D. distinct不同的。结合常识和下文“He began towithdraw, ____5____ his head under caps.”可知，没有头发，很尴尬，所以Charlie不与人交往，并把头藏在帽子下面。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他孩子用伤自尊的名字称呼他。A. suitable合适的；B. relevant有关的；C. hurtful伤自尊的；D. extraordinary非凡的。根据后文“He began to withdraw”可推知，Charlie开始不与人交往，因为其他的孩子说了伤害他自尊的话。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始往不与人交往，把头藏在帽子下面。A. combing梳理；B. hiding隐藏，隐藏；C. scanning扫描；D. washing清洗。结合常识和句中“withdraw”可推知，Charlie戴帽子是为了隐藏他的光头。故选B项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自医生的说明（使学校）允许他戴帽子，但这只会引起更多的负面关注。A. permission许可；B. recommendation推荐；C. encouragement鼓励；D. confidence会议。根据前文“a no-hats rule”可知，学校不允许戴帽子，医生的说明帮助他得到在学校戴帽子的许可。故选A项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：来自医生的说明（使学校）允许他戴帽子，但这只会引起更多的负面关注。A. necessary有必要的；B. absurd荒谬的；C. adequate足够的；D. negative负面的。根据句中转折连词“but”可知推知，虽然得到在学校戴帽子的许可，但情况并未改观，结合下文“When I was hurting and feeling bad”可知，戴帽子给Charlie带来更多负面关注。故选D项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这一切中，Charlie的母亲给了他所需要的支持。A. qualification资格；B. affection喜爱；C. support支持；D. congratulation祝贺。根据后文“She was there for me in good and bad times.”可知，妈妈一直给与他鼓励和支持。故选C项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我感到难过时，她更为我难过。A. puzzled困惑的；B. awesome令人敬畏的；C. upset难过的；D. annoyed烦恼的，恼怒的。结合常识和前文“When I was hurting and feeling bad”可知，知道儿子受到伤害，母亲更加难过。故选C项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，令人难以置信的事情发生了：Charlie长得更高了。A. Instead然而，相反地；B. However然而；C. Finally终于；D. Besides而且，此外。下文“something unbelievable happened”与前文为转折关系。However意为“然而”，表示一种转折，说明后面陈述的内容与前面的内容相反；Instead虽然也表示转折，但它的意思更侧重于“取而代之”这层意思，往往翻译成“相反地”。故选B项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：篮球帮助他解决了脱发问题。A. deal with处理，应对；B. turn around转身；C. come across偶然遇见；D. take in吸收，领会。根据下文“I put my frustration into motivation to the point where kids weren’t looking at me as a kid with a condition but a kid could play basketball really well.”可知，打篮球帮助他解决了脱发带来的烦恼。故选A项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：欺凌行为停止了，他杰出的职业生涯开始了。A. autonomous自治的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的；C. dreaming做梦的；D. outstanding杰出的，显著的。根据第一段内容“Another two points! Crowded by defenders, Charlie, one hand lifting the ball high, ___1___ toward the basket.”和下文“All along the ways he has helped others. He started the Foundation to help kids with alopecia.”可知，Charlie的事业发展的很好。故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受现实，积极地享受生活。A. Ignore忽视；B. Abolish废除；C. Overcome征服；D. Embrace欣然接受。根据上文“Charlie wanted all kids like him to feel good about who they are.”可知，Charlie建议孩子们像他自己一样，接受自己。故选D项。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：接受现实，积极地享受生活。A. properly恰当地；B. positively积极的，乐观的；C. comfortably舒服地，舒适地；D. skillfully巧妙地，精巧地。与动词“enjoy”相呼应，这里的副词应是“positively”，用在句中表达“积极乐观地享受生活”。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直努力让自己置身于友好的人群与环境之中。A. surround包围；B. equip装备，配备；C. play玩耍；D. provide提供。根据“with good people and good environments.”可知，surround sb. with sth“用……包围某人”，用在句中表达“将自己置身于友好的人们和友好的环境中”。故选A项。

36．earlier 37．explaining 38．have made 39．an 40．some 41．while 42．connections 43．with 44．to score 45．which

【导语】这是一篇说明文。有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。
36．考查比较级。句意：几个月前，斯蒂芬妮·海勒（Stephanie Heller）注意到停车场里有一名女子挣扎着弯腰。根据后文的 Stephanie Heller noticed可知，事情发生在过去，a few months earlier表“几个月之前”，符合语境。故填earlier。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这名妇女将自己无能归咎于年老，并解释说她已经70岁了。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是主动关系，由句子可知，这里应用现在分词作状语。故填explaining。
38．考查时态。句意：我喜欢和这些年来结交的所有年轻朋友一起唱歌跳舞。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为现在完成时，且I和make为主动关系。故填have made。
39．考查冠词。句意：我们每个人都有自己的实际年龄，也就是我们在生日时庆祝的数字。age是可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，且actual是元音音素开头。故填an。
40．考查限定词。句意：但一些50岁、60岁和70岁的人看起来和感觉都很年轻，而其他人则不然。分析句子可知，这里考查some...others表示“一些人……另外一些人”，为固定句型。故填some。
41．考查连词。句意：但一些50岁、60岁和70岁的人看起来和感觉都很年轻，而其他人则不然。由句意可知，此空应填连词，且表示前句some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds和后句others的对比。故填while。
42．考查名词。句意：科学家们通过观察皮肤弹性、血压等与年龄相关的因素来衡量这些差异，并发现它们之间的一些联系。此处应填名词作为finding的宾语，connect的名词形式是connection，为可数名词，且由some可知，这里应用复数形式。故填connections。
43．考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和幸运基因遗传的人在这些评估中往往得分“更年轻”。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“有”的介词是with。故填with。
44．考查短语。句意：拥有健康生活方式和幸运基因遗传的人在这些评估中往往得分“更年轻”。此处考查短语tend to do sth表“倾向于做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to score。
45．考查非限定性定语从句。句意：给出的年龄是一个虚拟的年龄，这被称为“主观年龄”。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
46．assistance
【详解】考查名词。句意：该基金会希望启动为非洲贫困地区提供援助的项目。此处位于动词之后，因此需要填入名词；根据汉语意思可知，空格处表示“援助”，assistance意为帮助，为不可数名词。故填assistance。
47．elegantly
【详解】考查副词。句意：他受过良好的教育，举止优雅。根据汉语提示可知应用副词elegantly，作状语修饰动词behave。故填elegantly。
48．destination
【详解】考查名词。句意：人生可以比作一次目的地未知的旅行。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处填名词作with的宾语，前面有不定冠词an修饰，用名词单数。故填destination。
49．distribution
【详解】考查名词。句意：谁来负责给水灾灾民分发食物和衣服？“分配”英文为distribution，在句中作宾语，根据汉语提示及句意，故填distribution。
50．beneficial
【详解】考查形容词。句意：格林先生发现昆明温和的气候对他的健康有益。“有益”作found后宾语the mild climate in Kunming的补足语，用形容词beneficial，表明其逻辑主语的特征。故填beneficial。
51． adapted
【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影改编自同名小说。根据中文提示和句意可知，表示“改编”应用动词adapt，且The film和adapt为被动关系，所以此空应填adapted，与前面was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填adapted。
52．comforted
【详解】考查动词。句意：昨天母亲的话安慰了那个哭泣的小女孩。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词comfort符合题意，作谓语，根据时间状语yesterday判断为一般过去时。故填comforted。
53．urged
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个人焦急地催促出租车司机开快点，以便能赶上最后一班飞机。根据汉语提示可知应用动词urge，结合语境描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填urged。
54．relevant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时我怀疑我的教学是否与学生的未来有关。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据提示的汉语，表示“有关的”应为relevant。故填relevant。
55．participates
【详解】考查动词。句意：除了在学校学习，他经常参加一些课外活动。根据汉语提示可知应用动词participate，与介词in构成participate in。结合often可知为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用三单形式。故填participates。
56．replace
【详解】考查动词。句意：在正式的足球比赛中，每支球队可以有三名球员在必要的时候代替他们的队友。不定式to后接动词原形。“替换”英文为replace，符合句意。故填replace。
57．donated
【详解】考查动词。句意：据报道成龙已经向慈善机构捐了一大笔钱。“捐赠”是从句谓语动词，用动词donate，与主语Jackie Chan之间是主动关系，结合句意，用过去分词与助动词has构成成现在完成时态。故填donated。
58．accompanied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统在六名强壮的保镖的陪同下出现了。根据中文提示可知，表示“陪同”应用动词accompany，再分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，The president和accompany为被动关系，由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作状语。故填accompanied。
59．witnesses
【详解】考查名词。句意：警方呼吁寻找事故的目击者。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据句意和所给提示可知，表示“目击者”应为witness，witness为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处应用复数表泛指。故填witnesses。
60．adjust
【详解】考查动词。句意：你越快适应大学生活，你就会取得越大的进步。“调整”作句中谓语，用动词adjust，与主语you之间是主动关系，陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时态。故填adjust。
61．In other words
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：她的喉咙有大毛病。换句话说，她必须放弃唱歌。根据汉语提示可知短语为in other words，首字母要大写。故填In other words。
62．out of the question
【详解】考查短语搭配。句意：他不可能承认自己有罪。根据中文提示可知，表示“不可能的”可用短语out of the question，在本句中作表语。故填out of the question。
63．is bound to
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：他一定会来的，因为他总是信守诺言。根据句意和提示的汉语可知，表示“一定”应为固定短语be bound to do，根据从句谓语动词is keeping可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数he，所以空处be动词需用is。故填is bound to。
64．set aside
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：其中一间房间被留作瑜伽课之用。根据提示的汉语，表示“为……保留”应为set aside for，分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词短语与was构成句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处与句子主语one of the rooms之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用过去分词形式。故填set aside。
65． helped me out
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：我买这所房子时，我姐姐借给了我一笔钱，帮我摆脱困境。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用动词短语help sb. out，由When I bought the house可知，应用一般过去时。故填helped me out。
66．was scared to death/was frightened to death
【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：他们一点也不危险，但我却害怕得要死。“吓死了”可用形容词短语scared to death或者frightened to death表示，在句中作表语；句子讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，主语是I，系动词用was。故填was scared to death/was frightened to death。
67．in need

【详解】考查介词短语。句意：当人们需要帮助时，行动胜于言语。in need of“需要……”是固定短语，此处为介词短语作表语。故填in need。
68． lounging
【详解】考查动词。句意：他闲坐着，什么事也不做，这使他的妻子有点生气。“闲坐”是句中谓语，用动词lounge表示，结合句意和空格前助动词is可知，用现在分词lounging构成现在进行时态。故填lounging。
69．am busy with

【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我现在忙着学习，因此不能和你一起打篮球。be busy with sth.“忙于某事”是固定短语，由句中的now可知，be动词应该用am。故填am busy with。
70．as far as he was concerned
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：此外，就他而言，别人怎么想并不是最重要的。as far as sb. be concerned为固定短语，意为“就某人而言”，此处sb.对应he，结合“thought”可知，为一般过去时，主语为he，be动词用was。故填as far as he was concerned。
71．One possible version:
When he got to the front of the hall, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms. His hands and arms were terribly scarred. The little girl cried out, “This is the man who rescued me!” With a leap, she threw her arms around the man's neck. She buried her face in his shoulder and sobbed for a few moments. Then she looked up and smiled, stating happily she would live with him.
When asked her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly. She said in a low but determined voice, “I really desire to get a good education that will give me chances to live my dreams. Besides,I know that money means a lot to me since I have no relatives to rely on. But it's the man who saved my life when I was desperately facing a fire like that. Without him, I wouldn't be here, waiting for a new choice. I hope that I can do whatever I can to pay back his kindness.”
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个与祖母相依为命的女孩在大火中失去了祖母，在消防队员到来之前一个男人从大火里面将小女孩救了出来。一项调查显示，这个孩子没有在世的亲属。几周后，在市政厅举行了一次会议，决定由谁来收养这个孩子并抚养她。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当他走到大厅前面时，他站在小女孩的面前，伸出双臂。”接下来叙述的是小女孩认出他就是从大火里救她出来的恩人，她愿意和他生活在一起。
②由第二段首句内容“当被问及她的选择时，女孩坚定地给出了理由。”可知，第二段叙述的应该是女孩为什么放弃好的教育和好的生活而愿意由救她的人来抚养。
2.续写线索：起火——救人——失去亲人——开会——抚养——理由
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
到达：got to/reach/arrive at
另外，此外：besides/in addition/furthermore
情绪类
高兴地：happily/be happy/be delighted
绝望地：desperately/in despair/hopelessly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Then she looked up and smiled，stating happily she would live with him．（本句用非谓语动词中的现在分词stating在句中做状语）
[高分句型2] This is the man who rescued me!（句中使用who引导的定语从句）