高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement同步测试题

Section III　Using Language

[基础测评]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

1. The company 　　　(found) by his grandfather is in deep financial difficulties now.　 

2. Which of the following statements can 　　　(infer) from the text? 

3. A 　　　　(politics) should be a servant of the people. 

4. As time went by,she understood her mother 　　　(gradual). 

5. Since then, we have made 　　　(remark)progress. 

6. It 　　　(think) that eating too much sugar does harm to our health. 

7. While 　　　　(wait) at the bus stop, she met the famous singer. 

8. Both of his sons are mathematical 　　　　(genius). 

9. She took 　　　　writing as her career after graduation. 

10. They get together regularly to sum 　　 their work. 

答案:1. founded　2. be inferred　3. politician

4. gradually　5. remarkable　6. is thought

7. waiting　8. geniuses　9. up　10. up

Ⅱ. 语法填空

Ieoh Ming Pei, 1. (know) as I. M. Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, 2. (die) on Thursday at the age of 102. The Chinese-American architect has designed nearly 50 projects, about half of which have won major awards.

Although he worked 3. (most) in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for 4. European project. It is his redevelopment of the Louvre Museum(卢浮宫博物馆) in Paris in the 1980s. He gave us the larger glass and metal pyramid in the main courtyard, along with three 5. (small) pyramids and a vast underground addition to the museum entrance.

Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history, and initially his designs were strongly opposed. 6. in the end, the French—and everyone else—were won over. At 7. (it) opening in 1989, The New York Times declared the pyramid “a technological masterpiece”.

Pei inspired younger Chinese architects, like Pritzker Architecture Prize 8. (win) Wang Shu; he says Pei “awakened” him. Wang believes Pei figured out a way 9. (bridge) East and West, old and new, and he thinks of Pei as a teacher—someone who came before him and 10. successes and mistakes he learned from.

答案:1. known　2. died　3. mostly　4. a

5. smaller　6. But　7. its　8. winner

9. to bridge　10. whose

[提升测评]

III. 阅读理解

The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another,employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.

The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,”explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.

One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by,is just a start. The technology, Strano said,could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.

In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on-and-off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.

Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. A new study of different plants.

B. A big fall in crime rates.

C. Employees from various workplaces.

D. Benefits from green plants.

解析:段落大意题。根据第一段第二句“Recent studies have found positive effects.”及第一段中的“greener areas of the city experienced less crime”和“employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants”可知,D项“Benefits from green plants.”能概括本段内容。

答案:D

2. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?

A. To detect plants’ lack of water.

B. To change compositions of plants.

C. To make the life of plants longer.

D. To test chemicals in plants.

解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water”可知,A项正确。根据该句后半部分“a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater”可知,干扰项D项错误。

答案:A

3. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?

A. They will speed up energy production.

B. They may transmit electricity to the home.

C. They might help reduce energy consumption.

D. They could take the place of power plants.

解析:推理判断题。 根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”可推知,在未来发光植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。

答案:C

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Can we grow more glowing plants?

B. How do we live with glowing plants?

C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?

D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?

解析:标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的工程师们最近的一个研究项目——发光植物,并介绍了发光植物的意义。故C项(发光植物能代替灯吗?)最能凸显本文主题。

答案:C

Ⅳ. 完形填空

Celeste Ayala is a police officer from Berisso. Yesterday she was on guard duty at the Sister Maria Ludovica Children’s Hospital when a                     1 　 baby was brought in suffering from serious lack of nutrition(营养). While the baby was described by hospital staff as“smelly and dirty”, Ayala asked if she could 　2　 the baby. 

Ayala’s workmate, Marcos Heredia, took a photo of the 　3　 act and posted it on the Internet, which caught fire, having got 110,000 shares 　4　.  

 “I want to make public this great picture of 　5　 that you had today with that little baby,” read Heredia’s post. “You didn’t 　6　 and you acted as if you were his mother. You didn’t care about the 　7　 ...”  

Ayala said she did not think twice about 　8　 the baby in need. “I noticed that he was hungry, as he was crying and putting his hand into his mouth, so I wanted to 　9　 him and breastfeed(喂奶) him,” Ayala said.  

The local fire department where Ayala volunteers in her spare time 　10　 sang high praise for her on the Internet. “We want to 　11　 Celeste Ayala who, when on guard duty at the Hospital, breastfed a young child who arrived crying,” the department wrote. “Actions like these fill us with 　12　.”  

As a result of her selfless act, Ayala has been promoted from officer to sergeant, which was 　13　 by Cristian Ritondo, the minister of security of Buenos Aires province. “We wanted to thank you for your love that 　14　 to calm the baby’s cry,” Ritondo wrote. “That’s the type of 　15　 we’re proud of.”  

1. A. thin   B. quiet

C. disabled   D. wounded

解析:根据“... suffering from serious lack of nutrition”可知,这个小孩子严重缺少营养,故这里填thin,表示“瘦弱的”,符合语境。

答案:A

2. A. touch   B. see

C. adopt   D. feed

解析:下文第四段和第五段均提到“breastfeed”,因此应选D项,表示她询问是否可以给孩子喂奶。

答案:D

3. A. careful  B. touching

C. respectful  D. trustful

解析:塞莱斯特看到孩子在哭闹,心地善良的她决定给孩子喂奶,这是具有同情心的表现,故选B项。

答案:B

4. A. slowly  B. luckily

C. soon   D. once

解析:本空前面谈到她的同事拍了一张她喂奶的照片,并发到了网上,引起网友的极大关注,“很快”转发量达到了110 000次,故选C项。

答案:C

5. A. expression B. love

C. fun    D. success

解析:她的同事称赞她给孩子喂奶,这是一幅“爱”的写照,故选B项。

答案:B

6. A. refuse  B. think

C. accept   D. hesitate

解析:前面谈到塞莱斯特看到孩子哭闹,就询问是否可以给孩子喂奶,所以她是“毫不犹豫”地帮助孩子的,故选D项。

答案:D

7. A. smell   B. result

C. illness   D. pleasure

解析:第一段谈到“smelly and dirty”,所以本空应选A项,表示她不介意孩子身上的“臭味”。

答案:A

8. A. keeping  B. educating

C. helping   D. arranging

解析:前文谈到孩子在哭闹,塞莱斯特毫不犹豫地给孩子喂奶,这是“帮助”有需要的孩子的行为,故选C项。

答案:C

9. A. protect  B. hug

C. check   D. control

解析:要给孩子喂奶,应将孩子“抱起来”,故选B项。

答案:B

10. A. also   B. even

C. still    D. just

解析:本段是在谈当地消防队对这件事的反应。塞莱斯特在空闲时,在当地的消防队当志愿者,所以,消防队听说她的事情后,“也”在网上高度赞扬了她的行为。

答案:A

11. A. punish  B. encourage

C. interview  D. congratulate

解析:当地消防队发文说“我们对塞莱斯特在执勤时给一个需要帮助的小孩子喂奶表示敬意”,故选B项。

答案:B

12. A. pride  B. concern

C. patience   D. practice

解析:因为塞莱斯特是消防队的志愿者,他们为她的大爱行为感到“骄傲”,故选A项。

答案:A

13. A. examined B. announced

C. demanded  D. described

解析:塞莱斯特晋升为军士的事情由布埃诺斯省安全官员克里斯蒂安“宣布”。

答案:B

14. A. decided  B. agreed

C. managed  D. waited

解析:克里斯蒂安写道:“我们非常谢谢你的爱,正是你的爱促使孩子安静了下来。” manage to do sth表示“设法做成了某事”,故选C项。

答案:C

15. A. duty  B. skill

C. doctors   D. police

解析:第一段就谈到了塞莱斯特是警察,所以D项符合安全官员克里斯蒂安的口吻,表示“这正是我们需要的那种类型的警察”。

答案:D