2023年安徽省合肥市第四十五中学中考一模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023年安徽省合肥市第四十五中学中考一模英语试题（含解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，补全对话7选5，阅读单选，阅读回答问题，根据汉语及首字母填空，讲稿等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年安徽省合肥市第四十五中学中考一模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．It is important for schools to ________ the needs of all the students’ development.
A．cut B．satisfy C．provide D．afford
2．—What a great change of the environment in Hefei!
—Yes. In the past 30 years, China has developed ________ in different fields.
A．correctly B．rapidly C．directly D．suddenly
3．As President Xi Jinping noted, study is the ladder of growth and ________.
A．progress B．lesson C．respect D．love
4．— People spread Chinese culture in their own ways now.
— Exactly! ________ , Zhong Yetang shows ancient food by making short videos.
A．After all B．As a result C．By the way D．For example
5．—How do you like the first live class from Tiangong space station?
—I think it’s ________. I learned a lot about science and space.
A．boring B．relaxing C．interesting D．hard-working
6．—I’m afraid of speaking in public. What should I do?
—In order to ________ the shyness, you can try saying “Hi” to people first.
A．care about B．take in C．look through D．get over
7．—Meng Wanzhou said, “where there is a Chinese flag, there is a beacon (灯塔) of faith (信念). If faith has a color, it ________ be China Red.”
—Yes, our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A．must B．may C．might D．could
8．— Mike, why do you come here so late? The concert ________ since half an hour ago.
— What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left.
A．has ended B．has been over C．has started D．has been on
9．— Mary, could you please tell me ________?
— I have no idea. She has been sad like this for a while.
A．that Lucy failed the test B．when does Lucy become sad
C．what happened to Lucy D．why was Lucy unhappy
10．— We’re going on a school trip after this exam. Will you go with us?
— ________! I can’t afford it, but our school will help us pay for it.
A．I’m afraid not B．Of course not C．I’m afraid so D．Of course

二、完形填空
When I first arrived in China, I didn’t speak any Chinese at all. I could only say “hello” and “thank you”. But 11 , I’ve gotten a pretty good understanding of the language.
One thing that I’m really interested in Chinese is that it is 12 quite direct and literal (符合字面意义的). When you break each word 13 into its individual characters, they make 14 together. “Elevator” is dianti-translated character 15 character, it means electric stairs. It’s pretty simple.
Then again, there are plenty of strange words, such as dongxi, which means “things”. If you translate each 16 individually, it means “east west”. There are some interesting sayings about 17 dongxi came to mean “things”. In ancient Chinese cities, all marketplaces were 18 along a single road. They usually 19 from east to west. So when you would say qu mai dongxi, you’d be saying, “I’m going to buy things.” Learning to read the characters themselves has been a 20 , but it has also been fun and made my life more convenient.
11．A．after that B．since then C．right now D．from then on
12．A．hardly B．never C．usually D．nearly
13．A．down B．up C．away D．in
14．A．fun B．sentences C．sounds D．sense
15．A．by B．after C．to D．in
16．A．thing B．area C．part D．place
17．A．how B．when C．why D．where
18．A．set about B．set up C．set down D．set off
19．A．jumped B．passed C．walked D．ran
20．A．treasure B．pleasure C．chance D．challenge

Something that I learnt from my parents was the importance of having respecting for other people. I remember one day when we were travelling on a bus and I sat down while other people were standing. My mother shouted at me, “Get up immediately! You have young legs and you don’t need to sit down.” At the time, I felt unhappy about being punished in 21 , but now I understand. I think children nowadays have 22 that respect and it really makes me angry if I see children sitting down while 23 people are standing.
One area in which we had a lot of rules was table 24 . For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal 25 the oldest person had started. We had to say “thank you” when our food was 26 , and eat everything on our plates before we could 27 the table. We couldn’t make any noise when eating. Worse than that, we were only allowed to have sweets at weekends, as a special treat if we had been good.
Although my upbringing (养育) was perhaps a bit 28 compared with modern children, I’m very thankful to my parents for giving me a clear 29 in life. Even though I was sometimes 30 , I think it has made me a better person. In my view, children need clear rules, but more than that they need to learn how to get on with other people and realize they are not the center of the world.
21．A．order B．public C．surprise D．person
22．A．won B．shown C．wasted D．lost
23．A．older B．richer C．taller D．heavier
24．A．colors B．manners C．materials D．sizes
25．A．if B．because C．until D．though
26．A．cooked B．eaten C．prepared D．served
27．A．move B．book C．leave D．lay
28．A．simple B．interesting C．normal D．strict
29．A．direction B．answer C．sign D．plan
30．A．protected B．encouraged C．fooled D．punished


三、补全对话7选5
根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。
A: I hear you’ll go to China for your coming holiday.
B: That’s right. 31 It’s such a great country.
A: I think its traditional art is very interesting, especially erhu, pipa and so on.
B: 32 So I plan to take some art courses during my holiday.
A: My Chinese pen friend Daming told me there was a famous art club in Hefei. 33
B: Many thanks.
A: 34
B: I’ll learn how to play erhu, because it’s so beautiful.
A: I believe you will experience a special holiday in Hefei. 35
B: I’ll take the plane there next Wednesday.
A: Have a good trip.
A．I agree with you.
B．When will you go there?
C．Would you like to learn it with me?
D．I used to dream of traveling to China.
E．What’s your choice for the art lessons?
F．Which place do you plan to visit in Hefei?
G．If you want to join it, you can call 3355-8812.


四、阅读单选

36．According to the passage, who was the buyer of the medicine?
A．Mr. Brown. B．Mr. Brown’s child. C．Jane Smith. D．Jane Smith’s children.
37．The medicine can be helpful for you if you ________.
A．have a cold B．cut your finger C．break your leg D．have a stomachache
38．After taking the medicine, you should avoid ________.
A． B． C． D．
39．What can we learn about the medicine?
A．It can be taken by all people. B．You’d better take it before meals.
C．It won’t work without drinking water. D．It can’t be taken after June, 23, 2023.
40．The passage is written mainly to ________.
A．tell us how to read a medicine label B．show us how to choose the proper medicine
C．introduce useful medicine to people D．teach us how to treat common illness

Fragrance (香味) has a magic power. It brings people good feelings and memories of good time. In modern society, people often wear perfumes (香水), but in ancient China, they wore scented sachets (香包) instead.
Scented sachets, also called fragrant bags, are small cloth bags with colorful patterns. There are Chinese herbal (草本的) medicines and fragrant ingredients in them. At first, people wore sachets for practical purposes, such as to avoid diseases and drive away insects. They would put herbs with different effects in sachets according to the season. Later, they became in fashion and a way for women to express themselves.
Xuzhou in Jiangsu has a long history of making sachets. Xuzhou sachets are known for their artistic characteristics. For example, they have beautiful types and different shapes. For these reasons, Xuzhou sachet was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008.
41．What does the underlined word “practical” mean?
A．明智的 B．实用的 C．真实的 D．客观的
42．What does “they” in paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)?
A．Different effects. B．The sachets. C．Their characteristics. D．Xuzhou sachets.
43．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text?
A．Nature. B．Science. C．Culture. D．People.


Mr White’s family decided to repair their home. Mr White bought the home two years ago. Since his kids were growing up, he and his wife wanted to make some changes to the house.
When the wooden walls were removed, they were shocked to find a lizard stuck in the small space between the walls. The lizard’s foot was stuck by a nail, which was hammered from the other side of the wall. Mrs White reminded him that they hammered a nail to hang up their kid’s photo. However, they wondered how the lizard had survived so long. The family decided to wait for a while and find it out. Suddenly, the son shouted: “Dad, look here!”
Another lizard appeared carrying food to the stuck lizard’s mouth. That was a real surprise! This act was heartwarming, and everyone was touched that the lizard fed the other one for all this time. The lizard carried the hope of survival, even in a difficult situation.
Both lizards had never—ending hope for each other and carried their hearts with love and care. The little creature carries such a wonderful heart. Why can’t we humans always carry that kind of love in our hearts?
44．What did they find when removing the wooden walls?
A．The nail on the wooden wall had fallen off. B．A lizard’s foot was hurt by the fallen wall.
C．A lizard died between the walls. D．A lizard was stuck in the small space.
45．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Another lizard came to feed the stuck one. B．The Whites didn’t give up hope.
C．The son helped the stuck lizard out. D．The family helped the lizard survive.
46．What does the story mainly tell us?
A．Learn to trust your friends. B．There is always a way out.
C．Love is the most important thing. D．Animals sometimes are better than humans.

It’s been 51 years since man last landed on the moon, but now NASA is planning to return as part of its Artemus mission (阿尔忒弥斯计划). This time, astronauts will wear a new kind of spacesuit.
The spacesuit is beautiful in black and orange, which will stand out on the moon’s surface. The helmet is much larger than before, providing astronauts with a wider view. There’s also a video camera that can send videos from the moon back to Earth. The shoes of the suit are also better insulated (隔绝) from the moon’s cold temperature.
In the past, the suits were large and heavy. This new suit has been better improved. It has more joints (关节) so that astronauts can bend (弯曲) over, raise their arms and move their fingers more easily. Also, this one has been made with women in mind, with different sizes. Spacewalks on the international space station had to be canceled for women in the past due to unfit suits. The new spacesuits will open chances for more people to explore and do scientific studies on the moon than ever before.
47．When was the last time man landed on the moon?
A．1969. B．1972. C．2022. D．2023.
48．What can the new spacesuit do?
a. Make it easier to see the astronauts on the moon.    b. Help astronauts see with a bigger view.
c. Keep astronauts warm.        d. Make their recorded videos clearer.
A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd
49．How is the new suit improved?
A．By reducing weight. B．By making the size smaller.
C．By adding more joints. D．By using materials to bend easily.

The traditional Chinese calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms (节气). The Beginning of Spring comes first, usually in February. Mángzhòng, is the 9th solar term. The following are things we need to know about it.
An increase in rainfall
It usually rains during this period. There is a long time of rainy or cloudy weather and it also means the harvest (丰收). But it’s also the best time for growing rice, vegetables and fruits. As a result, it’s a busy period for farmers.
Wish for good harvest
“An Miao”, meaning seedling (幼苗) protection, is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui province. People also make different types of bread and color them with vegetable juice. The bread is used to wish for a good harvest in fall and people’s safety.
Have light food
During this period, temperatures rise across China and people often feel thirsty and tired, so vegetables and fruits are the first choice. Instead of much meat, people like to eat light food, such as tomatoes, watermelons, and strawberries.
50．In which month does Mángzhòng most probably come?
A．April. B．May. C．June. D．July.
51．What do people do to wish for a food harvest?
A．They protect vegetables and fruits. B．They practise growing rice in rain.
C．They have light food instead of meat. D．They make different kinds of bread.
52．What is the best title (标题) for the text?
A．Get busy in Mángzhòng! B．Things to know about Mángzhòng!
C．Eat healthily in Mángzhòng! D．Ways to celebrate Mángzhòng!


五、阅读回答问题
Once upon a time, there was a proud rose. She thought she was the prettiest plant in the garden. But she wasn’t happy about one thing: she had to grow next to a cactus(仙人掌).
Every day, the beautiful rose made fun of the cactus for his looks. She said, “The ugly cactus is full of thorns (刺)!” A sunflower raised her head and asked, “Why do you say that? You have thorns, too.” The rose got angry, “I thought you had good taste! You can’t compare my thorns with the thorns of the cactus.” However, no matter what the red rose said, the cactus always kept quiet.
One hot summer, it was very dry, and there was no water left for the plants. As the rose grew weaker, she saw a bird dip(浸) his mouth into the cactus to drink some water. Though she felt it was difficult to talk with the cactus, she asked the cactus if she could have some water. The kind cactus agreed happily. At that moment, the rose understood that she needed to keep a kind heart. The rose and cactus got through the hot summer together, as friends.
53．How did the rose like the cactus at first? (不超过10个词)

54．How did the cactus do when he heard the rose’s bad words? (不超过5个词)

55．What can we learn from the story? (不超过15个词)



六、根据汉语及首字母填空
56．Reading makes a w (聪明的) man.
57．Clothes made of silk feel s (柔软的) than those made of cotton.
58．We all e (期望) to have more free time after the Double Reduction policy.
59．Last Sunday I went to Anhui Museum and saw many valuable w (作品) on show.
60．We make a blackboard d (设计) to better learn the spirit of Lei Feng.

七、讲稿
61．毕业之后，你想为母校做些什么呢？请你写一篇演讲稿发表在校园官网上。内容包括：
1.种植树木；2.捐赠书籍；3. ……
参考词汇：graduation（v. 毕业）；donate（v. 捐赠）
注意：
1.词数80~100；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：对于学校来说满足所有学生的发展需求是重要的。
考查动词辨析。cut切；satisfy满足；provide提供；afford买得起。根据“the needs”可知satisfy the needs“满足需求”符合语境，故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：——合肥的环境发生了多么大的变化！——是的。在过去的30年里，中国在各个领域都得到了快速发展。
考查副词辨析。correctly准确地；rapidaly快速地；directly直接地；suddenly突然地。根据“What a great change of the environment in Hefei!”可知有很大变化，故可知应是各个领域都快速地发展，故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：习近平主席提到，学习是成长和进步的阶梯。
考查名词辨析。progress进步；lesson课程；respect尊敬；love喜爱。根据“study is the ladder of growth and...”，可知和成长类似的应是进步，故空处应为进步。故选A。
4．D
【详解】句意：——现在人们用自己的方式传播中国文化。——是的。例如钟也棠通过制作短视频展示古代美食。
考查副词短语。After all毕竟；As a result结果；By the way顺便说；For example例如。根据“Zhong Yetang shows ancient food by making short videos.”，可知此处是在举例说明人们用自己的方式传播中国文化。故选D。
5．C
【详解】句意：——你觉得天宫空间站上的第一堂现场课怎么样？——我觉得很有趣。我学到了很多关于科学和太空的知识。
考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的；relaxing令人放松的；interesting有趣的；hard-working努力的。根据“I learned a lot about science and space.”可知，学到了很多关于科学和太空的知识，所以是有趣的，故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：——我害怕在公共场合讲话。我该怎么办？——为了克服害羞，你可以试着先对别人说“嗨”。
考查动词短语。care about关心；take in吸收；look through浏览；get over克服。根据“In order to...the shyness”可知此处是指克服害羞，故选D。
7．A
【详解】句意：——孟晚舟说：“哪里有中国国旗，哪里就有信念的灯塔。如果信念有颜色，那一定是中国红。”——是的，我们的国家越来越强大。
考查情态动词。must一定；may也许；might也许；could可能。根据“where there is a Chinese flag, there is a beacon of faith”可知，此处表推测，感情强烈，must表“一定”更符合。故选A。

8．B
【详解】句意：——Mike，你为什么来得这么晚？——音乐会已经结束半小时了。——真遗憾！难怪所有的歌手都离开了。
考查词义辨析和延续性词语。has ended结束，非延续性动词；has been over结束，表延续；has started开始，非延续性动词；has been on上映，表延续。根据“No wonder all the singers have left”可知音乐会已经结束，而由“since half an hour ago”可知此处应用延续性词语，故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：——玛丽，你能告诉我露西怎么了吗？——我不知道。她像这样难过有一会了。
考查宾语从句。that Lucy failed the test 露西考试不及格；when does Lucy become sad露西什么时候难过的；what happened to Lucy露西怎么了；why was Lucy unhappy露西为什么不高兴。根据“could you please tell me”可知此处为宾语从句，应为陈述句语序，且宾语从句为疑问意义，故选C。
10．D
【详解】句意：——这次考试后我们要去学校旅行。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然！我负担不起，但是学校会帮我们支付的。
考查情景交际。I’m afraid not我恐怕不是；Of course not当然不；I’m afraid so恐怕是这样；Of course当然。根据“Will you go with us?”和“I can’t afford it, but our school will help us pay for it.”可知，当然愿意一起去，故选D。

11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．D

【导语】本文讲述了一位外国人学汉语的经历。
11．句意：但从那以后，我对这种语言有了很好的理解。
after that之后；since then从那时起；right now立刻，马上；from then on从那时起。结合句意，空处意为“从那时起”且该句为现在完成时，用since then。故选B。
12．句意：我对汉语感兴趣的一点是它通常非常的直接并符合字面意思。
hardly几乎不；never从不；usually通常；nearly几乎，差不多。根据“When you break...”，可知汉语非常直接。故选C。
13．句意：当你把每个单词分解成单独的字符时，它们也可以理解。
down下；up上；away远离；in在……里。短语“分解，拆开”break down。故选A。
14．句意：当你把每个单词分解成单独的字符时，它们也可以理解。
fun乐趣；sentences句子；sounds声音；sense感觉。短语“有道理，可以理解”make sense。故选D。
15．句意：“Elevator”是电梯逐字翻译的，意思是电动楼梯。
by通过；after之后；to朝；in在……里。短语“逐字”character by character。故选A。
16．句意：如果你翻译每个单独的部分，它的意思是“东西”。
thing事情；area地域；part部分；place地方。根据“Then again, there are plenty of strange words, such as dongxi, which means things...”可知things分成单独部分翻译会翻译成“东西”。故选C。
17．句意：有一些有趣的说法是关于东西是如何变成“things”的。
how如何；when当……时候；why为什么；where哪里。根据“There are some interesting sayings about...dongxi came to mean ‘things’”，空处意为“如何”。故选A。
18．句意：在中国的古代城市，所有的市场都是沿着一条路设立的。
set about着手；set up设立，创建；set down制定；set off动身。结合语境可知，沿着路设立市场。故选B。
19．句意：它们通常从东向西。
jumped跳；passed经过；walked步行；ran跑。短语“从……开始”run from符合语境。故选D。
20．句意：学习阅读汉字本身是一个挑战，但也很有趣，会让我的生活变得便捷。
treasure珍宝，财富；pleasure高兴，愉快；chance机会；challenge挑战。空后but表转折，前后意思相反，且结合上文，可知阅读汉字是一个挑战。故选D。

21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者讲述了自己从父母那学到的最重要的东西就是“尊重别人”，作者非常感谢父母，作者认为孩子的成长需要清晰的规则。
21．句意：在那时，我对于当众受到惩罚是不开心的，但是现在我理解了。
order命令；public公共的；surprise惊喜；person人。in public“当众”符合语境，故选B。
22．句意：我认为现如今的孩子们丢了尊重并且如果看到孩子们坐着同时老人站着真地使我很生气。
won赢得；shown展示；wasted浪费；lost丢了。根据“I see children sitting down while...people are standing”可知作者认为现在的孩子们丢了尊重别人的美德，故选D。
23．句意：我认为现如今的孩子们丢了尊重并且如果看到孩子们坐着同时老人站着真地使我很生气。
older较老的；richer较富的；taller较高的；heavier较重的。根据“children sitting down”和“people are standing”可知应是老年人站着，故选A。
24．句意：我们有许多规矩的另一个场合就是餐桌礼仪。
colors颜色；manners礼仪；materials材料；sizes尺寸。根据“For example, we weren’t allowed to start our meal”可知应是餐桌礼仪，故选B。
25．句意：例如，直到最老的人动筷我们才被允许开始吃饭。
if如果；because因为；until直到；though尽管。not...until“直到……才”符合语境，故选C。
26．句意：当我们的食物被提供时我们必须说“谢谢”。
cooked烹饪；eaten吃；prepared准备；served提供。根据“We had to say ‘thank you’ ”可知，提供食物符合语境，故选D。
27．句意：并且在离开餐桌之前吃光盘子里所有的东西。
move移动；book预订；leave离开；lay放置。根据“eat everything on our plates”可知应是离开餐桌前，故选C。
28．句意：尽管和现代的孩子比较，我的养育也许有点严苛。
simple简单的；interesting有趣的；normal正常的；strict严厉的。根据“compared with modern children”及上文可知应是更严厉，故选D。
29．句意：我非常感谢我的父母，他们给了我清晰的人生方向。
direction方向；answer答案；sign符号；plan计划。根据语境并结合备选项可知应是清晰的人生方向，故选A。
30．句意：即使有时我被惩罚，但是我认为它使我成为一个更好的人。
protected保护；encouraged鼓励；fooled愚弄；punished惩罚。根据前文及“it has made me a better person”可知应是有时被惩罚，故选D。
31．D 32．A 33．G 34．E 35．B

【导语】本文是A和B两个人的对话。文章中两个人就B的假期中国之行展开问答。
31．根据“I hear you’ll go to China for your coming holiday”和“It’s such a great country”可知此处应是进一步肯定自己中国旅行的打算，选项D“我曾经梦想去中国旅行。”符合语境，故选D。
32．根据“I think its traditional art is very interesting, especially erhu, pipa and so on.”和“So I plan to take some art courses during my holiday”可知此处应是肯定对方的观点，选项A“我同意你的观点。”符合语境，故选A。
33．根据“Many thanks”可知此处应是提到对对方的帮助，选项G“如果你想要加入它，可以拨打电话3355-8812。”符合语境，故选G。
34．根据“I’ll learn how to play erhu”可知此处应是询问打算学习什么，选项E“你艺术课的选择是什么？”符合语境，故选E。
35．根据“I’ll take the plane there next Wednesday.”可知此处应是询问旅行的时间或交通方式，选项B“你将什么时候去那？”符合语境，故选B。
36．C 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．A

【导语】本文是药品标签。
36．细节理解题。根据“Who bought this medicine”对应的“JANE SMITH”可知Jane Smith是药品的购买者，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Help with common cold, headache, fever and cough”可知如果你感冒了，这种药对你有帮助。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Warnings”中的“Don’t drive or use dangerous machines”可知服药后，你应该避免开车。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“USE BEFORE 06/23/23”可知要在2023年6月23日前使用，故选D。
40．主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文是药品标签，所以文章主要是告诉我们如何阅读药品标签。故选A。
41．B 42．D 43．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了古代香囊的做法和用途。
41．词句猜测题。根据“such as to avoid diseases and drive away insects”可知，古代人们佩戴香囊是由于它很实用，practical意为“实际的，实用的”。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“Xuzhou sachets are known for their artistic characteristics. For example, they have beautiful types and different shapes.”可知，此处they指代上文提到的Xuzhou sachets。故选D。
43．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是古代香囊的文化，故最有可能在报纸中的文化部分看到这篇文章。故选C。
44．D 45．A 46．C

【导语】本文通过一只蜥蜴喂养另一只被卡在墙之间的狭小空间的蜥蜴告诉我们爱是最重要的。
44．细节理解题。根据“When the wooden walls were removed, they were shocked to find a lizard stuck in the small space between the walls. ”可知当木墙被拆除时，他们发现一只蜥蜴卡在墙之间的狭小空间里。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据“Another lizard appeared carrying food to the stuck lizard’s mouth.”可知另一只蜥蜴过来喂被卡住的那只蜥蜴。故选A。
46．主旨大意题。根据“Both lizards had never—ending hope for each other and carried their hearts with love and care. The little creature carries such a wonderful heart. Why can’t we humans always carry that kind of love in our hearts?”可知，本文通过一只蜥蜴喂养另一只被卡在墙之间的狭小空间的蜥蜴告诉我们爱是最重要的。故选C。
47．B 48．A 49．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了新型宇航服有很多优点。
47．细节理解题。根据“It’s been 51 years since man last landed on the moon”可知，距人类上一次登上月球已经51年了，2023 - 51 = 1972，所以上次登月时间为1972年。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据第“The helmet is much larger than before, providing astronauts with a wider view. There’s also a video camera that can send videos from the moon back to Earth. The shoes of the suit are also better insulated (隔绝) from the moon’s cold temperature.”可知，头盔比以前大得多，为宇航员提供了更广阔的视野；一个摄像机可以将月球上的视频传回地球，让人们更容易看到月球上的宇航员；鞋子也更好地隔绝免受月球的低温影响，为宇航员保暖，所以abc正确。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据“This new suit has been better improved. It has more joints (关节) so that astronauts can bend (弯曲) over, raise their arms and move their fingers more easily.”可知，宇航服有更多的关节，以便宇航员可以更轻松地弯腰、举起手臂和移动手指。故选C。
50．C 51．D 52．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了24节气中芒种这一天的一些事情。
50．推理判断题。根据“There is a long time of rainy or cloudy weather and it also means the harvest. But it’s also the best time for growing rice, vegetables and fruits.”可知芒种意味着丰收，且是种植大米、蔬菜和水果的好时间，再由“The bread is used to wish for a good harvest in fall and people’s safety.”可知要乞求秋季的丰收，再结合“During this period, temperatures rise across China and people often feel thirsty and tired”可知这期间全中国气温升高。由此推出芒种最可能是在六月。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“People also make different types of bread and color them with vegetable juice. The bread is used to wish for a good harvest in fall and people’s safety.”可知人们制作不同种类的面包来乞求丰收。故选D。
52．标题归纳题。根据“Mángzhòng, is the 9th solar term. The following are things we need to know about it.”及全文内容可知芒种主要介绍了24节气中芒种这一天的一些事情，用“Things to know about Mángzhòng!”做标题最合适。故选B。
53．She thought he was ugly. 54．He always kept quiet. 55．We need to keep a kind heart./We should keep a kind heart.

【导语】本文讲述了骄傲的玫瑰以貌取人，看不起丑陋的仙人掌。当一个炎热的夏天时，植物们没有水，丑陋的仙人掌给玫瑰提供了水，他们一起度过了炎热的夏天，成为了朋友。
53．根据“The ugly cactus is full of thorns (刺)!”可知开始的时候玫瑰认为仙人掌丑，故填She thought he was ugly.
54．根据“However, no matter what the red rose said, the cactus always kept quiet.”可知无论玫瑰说什么，仙人掌总是保持安静，故填He always kept quiet.
55．根据“At that moment, the rose understood that she needed to keep a kind heart.”可知从文章中我们应学会：我们需要保持善良。故填We need to keep a kind heart./We should keep a kind heart.
56．(w)ise
【详解】句意：读书使人聪明。根据首字母和汉语提示，可知空处应为形容词wise作前置定语修饰名词man。故填(w)ise。
57．(s)ofter
【详解】句意：丝绸做的衣服比棉布做的衣服摸起来柔软。根据“than”可知这里需要用比较级。因为谓语动词是feel，所以需要填写形容词作表语，soft“柔软的”，比较级是softer。故填(s)ofter。
58．(e)xpect
【详解】句意：我们都希望在双减政策之后有更多的空闲时间。expect“期待”，动词，根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形，故填(e)xpect。
59．(w)orks
【详解】句意：上周日我去了安徽博物馆并且看见许多珍贵的作品在展览。根据汉语提示及首字母可知本题考查work“作品”，可数名词，由“many”可知此处应填其复数形式，故填(w)orks。
60．(d)esign
【详解】句意：为了更好地学习雷锋精神，我们做了一个黑板设计。design“设计”，名词，空前有不定冠词a“一个”，所以此处用可数名词单数形式。故填(d)esign。
61．例文：
Dear teachers and students,
Today, I am very honored to give you a speech about what I would like to do for our school after graduation.
For one thing, I’ll plant some trees to make our school a more comfortable place to live and study in, which helps create an enjoyable scenery. For another, donating some books for our school would be a great choice, because the textbooks will not be replaced in the following years. In addition, it is also a good idea to come back from time to time to provide some suggestions for our younger students.
There is always a time to say goodbye. However, with something to do after graduation, our three-year stay can be more meaningful.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般将来在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意围绕“信息提示”讲述毕业之后，想为母校作何贡献。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引言，导入正文；
第二步，介绍想为母校做的具体事项；
第三步，谈为母校做这些事项的感悟。
[亮点词汇]
① in addition 另外
② from time to time不时地
③ provide ... for... 为……提供……
[高分句型]
① In addition, it is also a good idea to come back from time to time to provide some suggestions for our younger students.（使用非谓语动词）
② For one thing, I’ll plant some trees to make our school a more comfortable place to live and study in, which helps create an enjoyable scenery.（使用定语从句）