还剩15页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- 新教材2023高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsSectionIILearningAboutLanguage同步测试新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 新教材2023高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsSectionIReadingandThinking同步测试新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 新教材2023高中英语Unit2BridgingCulturesSectionIIIUsingLanguage同步测试新人教版选择性必修第二册 (1) 试卷 0 次下载
- 新教材2023高中英语Unit2BridgingCulturesSectionIILearningAboutLanguage同步测试新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
- 新教材2023高中英语Unit2BridgingCulturesSectionIReadingandThinking同步测试新人教版选择性必修第二册 试卷 0 次下载
英语选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists随堂练习题
展开
这是一份英语选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists随堂练习题，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元素养评估卷(一)
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We’ve got a list of teen scientists from a variety of fields.
Jack Andraka
Jack Andraka created a biosensor for cancer that he says is 168 times faster, 26,667 times less expensive and 400 times more sensitive than technology nowadays.
He’s the youngest person to have spoken in front of the Royal Society of Medicine.
Taylor Wilson
Taylor Wilson was the youngest person to achieve nuclear fusion (核聚变). He was inspired by The Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fails to build a nuclear reactor.
Taylor thought he could do better. Long story short, he wanted to build a small nuclear reactor. And he did it at the age of fourteen. He received a Thiel Fellowship, which gave him $100,000 to work on his own research.
Sara Volz
Sara Volz performed experiments in which she grew algae based on their oil output for the purpose of growing them as biofuel (生物燃料). This research is especially important as the world continues to search for a way to lessen our dependence on non-renewable energy. She won the top prize of $100,000 in the Intel Science Talent Search.
Daniel Burd
Plastic usually takes thousands of years to decompose (降解), but this high school student Daniel Burd managed to do it in three months.
In an experiment, he mixed plastic bags and a special kind of dirt together, and found that they did decompose faster. He then performed tests to find the bacteria responsible for decomposing the plastics.
His solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide. He says it could easily be used elsewhere.
21. Who designed a medical instrument?
A. Sara Volz. B. Daniel Burd.
C. Jack Andraka. D. Taylor Wilson.
解析:细节理解题。根据Jack Andraka部分中的第一句“Jack Andraka created a biosensor for cancer ...”可知,杰克发明了治疗癌症的生物传感器。故选C。
答案:C
22. What excited Taylor Wilson’s interest in his invention?
A. A novel by a kid. B. Plastic pollution.
C. Energy shortage. D. A storybook.
解析:细节理解题。根据Taylor Wilson部分中的第二句“He was inspired by The Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fails to build a nuclear reactor.”可知,泰勒受到了The Radioactive Boy Scout的启发,这是一本描写一个小孩尝试建立核反应堆失败的小说。故选D。
答案:D
23. What do we know about Daniel Burd’s invention?
A. It won him a $100,000 prize.
B. It is environmentally friendly.
C. It was completed in three months.
D. It is widely used for everyday waste.
解析:推理判断题。根据Daniel Burd部分中的最后一段“His solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide. He says it could easily be used elsewhere.”可知,丹尼尔降解塑料的方法只产生水和少量的二氧化碳,它可以很容易地用于其他地方,因此这是个很环保的方法。故选B。
答案:B
B
Mary Anning was an English fossil (化石) collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossil hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙).
Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
24. Why did Mary’s father take his children along the beach?
A. To enjoy life.
B. To make a living.
C. To look for fossils.
D. To teach them about fossils.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mary was born into a poor family ... Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知,玛丽家境贫寒,父亲带着孩子沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客,以维持生计。故选B。
答案:B
25. What can we learn about Mary?
A. Her father was a paleontologist.
B. Her father educated her at home.
C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all.
D. She might be popular at that time.
解析:推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her ... Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells.”可知,有钱的朋友帮她卖化石,科学家们写信给她并来看她,她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳,由此可推断,当时她可能很受欢迎。故选 D。
答案:D
26. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?
A. Charles Darwin. B. Mary’s dog.
C. Joseph. D. Mary.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段首句“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知,约瑟夫首先看到了鱼龙化石。故选C。
答案:C
27. What does the underlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. Break. B. Shake.
C. Float. D. Dive.
解析:词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.”可知,玛丽喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石,因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂,因此很容易发现化石。故选A。
答案:A
C
Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.
Traditional migration (迁徙) paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest or feed. The scientists studied the migration or flight paths of almost 1,500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.
The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion.
The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed or rest. There is no place to restore (恢复) their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time in protecting land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn’t exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,” one of the scientists says.
The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbour country might not. A bird might die.
One scientist who is not connected with the report tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.
He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.
28. What mainly causes the disappearance of the bird habitats?
A. Development.
B. The change of climate.
C. Filling seas to grow grain.
D. The loss of land and water.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed ...”和“many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion”可知,导致大量鸟类栖息地消失的主要原因是发展,具体表现在城镇、工业和农业用地的扩张。故选A。
答案:A
29. What do the underlined words “land reclamation” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Abusing the farmland.
B. The disappearance of good land.
C. Causing the land quality to get worse.
D. Making land suitable for farming or building.
解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“... because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion.”可知,由于城镇、工业和农业用地的扩张,鸟类的栖息地遭到破坏,由此可以猜测出land reclamation意为“土地开垦”,所以D项“Making land suitable for farming or building.”符合该词义。故选D。
答案:D
30. Why do many birds die on the way of migration?
A. They are harmed by humans.
B. They are killed by other animals.
C. They have to take a long journey.
D. They have no safe place to rest or eat.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed or rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey.”可知,鸟儿在迁徙中死去主要是因为在迁徙途中没有可以进食或休息的安全地点。故选D。
答案:D
31. According to the researchers, how can we protect the migrating birds?
A. By keeping fewer cats or dogs.
B. By stopping the urban development.
C. By helping change the birds’ migration paths.
D. By preserving the local ecological environments.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后三段可知,各国需要合作,为路过的鸟类提供安全的栖息地。各国可以做一些工作,把各国的城镇区域变成鸟类安全的栖息地。结合最后所列举的两项举措可推知,要保护好迁徙的鸟类,就要保护好地方生态环境。故选D。
答案:D
D
The live streaming (直播) and fast delivery industry have attracted so many young people that the industrial sector is short of manpower. “My advice is to encourage more young people to work in the factories and less in the express delivery sector,” Zhang Xinghai, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, China’s top legislature, said during the ongoing NPC annual session.
Zhang wants more young people to work in the factories so that China’s manufacturing (制造业) sector continues to flourish. Whatever job young people do is a matter of choice, but the manufacturing sector is facing a labor crunch (短缺) for too many people prefer jobs in other sectors.
A survey conducted by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in the third quarter of 2021 found that of 100 jobs that were facing a manpower crunch, 58 were in the manufacturing sector. By 2025, the shortage in 10 key manufacturing industries could be as high as 30 million.
It is time some strong measures were taken to attract people back to the factories. This can be done by raising the salaries of factory workers.
According to a survey in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong province, the annual income of express delivery workers in the city is more than 100,000 yuan ($15,831). In contrast, the average monthly salary of those doing blue-collar jobs in Guangdong in 2020 was just 7,108 yuan, or about 84,000 yuan a year. That gap surely needs to be reduced.
Besides, the legal rights and interests of those doing blue-collar jobs need to be better protected. Express delivery workers can decide when they want to work, but factory workers have to work whenever the factory demands.
Therefore, the authorities should protect factory workers’ rights to weekends, 8-hour working schedules and paid leave.
Also, the promotion and salary growth structure of factory workers must be clearly defined. In a nutshell, to lure young people back to the factories, it is necessary to make blue-collar jobs more attractive.
32. What can we infer from Zhang Xinghai’s words?
A. The future of the express delivery sector is hopeless.
B. Working in factories in China are attractive to young people.
C. Most young people are unwilling to work in the manufacturing sector.
D. Working as a delivery man is quite easy for young people.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘My advice is to encourage more young people to work in the factories and less in the express delivery sector,’”和第二段内容可知,制造业正面临着劳动力短缺的问题,而第一段张兴海说的话正表明中国年轻人越来越不愿意到工厂里去工作。故选C。
答案:C
33. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. A lot of jobs in China are facing a labor crunch.
B. Employment rate in China will be dramatically increased by 2025.
C. There are 10 manufacturing industries facing manpower shortage in total.
D. The industrial sector is facing a severe labor shortage.
解析:段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,人力资源和社会保障部在2021年第三季度进行的一项调查中发现,在面临人力短缺的100个就业岗位中,有58个来自制造业。到2025年,10个主要制造业的短缺能高达3 000万人。综上所述,本段主要讲述制造业正在面临严重的劳动力短缺问题。故选D。
答案:D
34. Which is NOT the reason for manpower shortage in factories?
A. Flexible working hours.
B. Lower incomes.
C. Undefined promotion structure.
D. Unprotected legal rights.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,2020年广东蓝领工人的平均月薪仅为7 108元,约合每年8.4万元;再根据第六段中的“Besides, the legal rights and interests of those doing blue-collar jobs need to be better protected.”和最后一段中的“Also, the promotion and salary growth structure of factory workers must be clearly defined.”可知,工厂里的蓝领工人们工资较低,合法权益没有得到更好的保护,晋升和工资增长结构不明确。这些是年轻人不愿意到工厂工作的原因。故选A。
答案:A
35. What is the author’s attitude towards the current situation of manufacturing industry?
A. Indifferent. B. Concerned.
C. Unclear. D. Neutral.
解析:观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“In a nutshell, to lure young people back to the factories, it is necessary to make blue-collar jobs more attractive.”可知,为了吸引年轻人回到工厂,有必要使蓝领工作更具吸引力。由此可推知,作者对目前制造业的现状是很关心的。故选B。
答案:B
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.
•36.________
That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. 37.________
•Take risks.
To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 38.________ This can be more than personally upsetting.
•Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike.
39.________ It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: 40.________
A. Avoid foolish people.
B. Meet challenges with great courage.
C. In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.
D. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science.
E. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
F. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
G. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
36. 解析:此段的段意是要与更聪明的人一起玩。且A项中的foolish与第二段中的brighter相反,与bad 呼应。故选A。
答案:A
37. 解析:根据上一句:在科学和生活的游戏中,最高的目标不是简单地去赢,而是去赢得一些非常困难的东西。G项与此意义相似。故选G。
答案:G
38. 解析:空处的句子结构与第三段句首中的be prepared to呼应,句意上进一步说明科学家的困难。故选F。
答案:F
39. 解析:根据上一句句意“我不擅长做我不喜欢的事情”可知,C项与此结构相似,意义承接前文。故选C。
答案:C
40. 解析:此句为总结句,选出的句子要具有总结意义。competitors 与real peers 呼应,unpleasant与out of science呼应。故选D。
答案:D
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nobody can inspire us like great teachers. They show us things about ourselves we can’t see. They see 41 in us that others, including ourselves can’t or won’t see. 42 they give us the courage to find our own way and enough guidance to show us that what we feel 43 is anything but that.
When Bill 44 Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary School, he was a really unattractive and shy fourth grader. 45 a kindly librarian named Blanche Caffiere, he was able to come into his own in a way that would one day 46 his life forever. Bill sets the stage for this tale like this:
“When I first met Mrs Caffiere, she was the elegant and engaging school 47 , and I was a shy fourth grader. I was 48 trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big shortcomings, like terrible handwriting ... and I was trying to hide the 49 that I liked to read—something that was cool for girls but not for boys ... Mrs Caffiere took me under her wing.”
He was grateful to Mrs Caffiere for helping him become less 50 , which resulted from the true spirit of remarkable teaching. First she encouraged Bill’s enthusiasm for reading by helping him explore it through the use of introspective (内省的) questions, 51 what he liked to read and why. Next, she would go out of her 52 to source books that were 53 more interesting and challenging for him. Finally, once he’d read them, she would sit down with him and ask him if he liked what he had read, and more 54 what he’d learned and why. “She basically 55 what I had to say,” Bill recalled.
41. A. ambition B. distinction
C. potential D. discrimination
解析:ambition野心;distinction区分;potential潜能;discrimination歧视。结合上文“Nobody can inspire us like great teachers.”可知,好的教师能看到我们身上的潜力。
答案:C
42. A. Above all B. For instance
C. In consequence D. By contrast
解析:above all最重要的是,首先;for instance例如;in consequence结果;by contrast相比之下。结合后文“they give us the courage to find our own way”可知,好的教师在发现我们潜能的基础上,最重要的是给了我们勇气。
答案:A
43. A. unconditional B. unbelievable
C. incorrect D. impossible
解析:unconditional无条件的;unbelievable难以置信的;incorrect不正确的;impossible不可能的。指导的意义在于让我们觉得不可能的事情成为可能。
答案:D
44. A. built B. attended
C. designed D. finished
解析:build建立;attend参加,上(学);design设计;finish结束。结合后文“Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary School”可知,此处指的是上学,短语attend school表示“上学”。
答案:B
45. A. Apart from B. But for
C. Thanks to D. Regardless of
解析:apart from除了;but for要不是;thanks to幸亏;regardless of不管。结合后文可知,比尔的改变是多亏了一位名叫布兰奇的和蔼的图书管理员。
答案:C
46. A. change B. discover
C. enjoy D. create
解析:change改变;discover发现;enjoy欣赏;create创造。结合后文“his life forever”可知,此处是指永远改变了自己的人生。
答案:A
47. A. supporter B. librarian
C. principal D. owner
解析:supporter支持者;librarian图书管理员;principal校长;owner所有者。结合上文“a kindly librarian named Blanche Caffiere”可知,布兰奇太太是图书管理员。
答案:B
48. A. amazedly B. desperately
C. proudly D. helplessly
解析:amazedly惊奇地;desperately拼命地;proudly傲慢地;helplessly无助地。结合下文“because I had some big shortcomings, like terrible handwriting ... and I was trying to hide”可知,比尔拼命地想不被人注意。
答案:B
49. A. fact B. concept
C. event D. conclusion
解析:fact事实;concept概念;event事件;conclusion结论。后文“I liked to read”是一个事实。
答案:A
50. A. unattractive B. typical
C. shy D. unnoticed
解析:unattractive不吸引人的;typical典型的;shy害羞的;unnoticed被忽视的。结合上文“I was a shy fourth grader”可知,比尔一开始很害羞,是在布兰奇太太的帮助下变得不那么害羞了。
答案:C
51. A. together with B. instead of
C. such as D. as for
解析:together with一起;instead of而不是;such as例如,比如;as for至于。后文“what he liked to read and why”是在针对自省的问题进行举例,故此处表示“例如,比如”。
答案:C
52. A. business B. house
C. way D. office
解析:此处指布兰奇太太不怕麻烦地为比尔找书。go out of one’s way特地;不怕麻烦。
答案:C
53. A. naturally B. progressively
C. frequently D. extraordinarily
解析:naturally自然地;progressively逐渐地;frequently频繁地;extraordinarily极其。结合后文“more interesting and challenging for him”可知,这些书对于Bill来说越来越有趣、越来越有挑战性。
答案:B
54. A. honestly B. seriously
C. strictly D. importantly
解析:honestly真诚地;seriously严重地;strictly严格地;importantly重要地。比起读书,更重要的是知道自己从书中学到了什么以及为什么。
答案:D
55. A. listened to B. stuck to
C. referred to D. turned to
解析:listen to听;stick to坚持;refer to提到;turn to求助于。结合后文“what I had to say”可知,此处是指布兰奇太太听比尔说话。
答案:A
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to work at a grocery store and this old lady would always come in to do her shopping. Many of my co-workers did not like 56.________ (help) this old lady out to her car because she would talk 57.________ a very long time about her life and my co-workers would lose their 58.________ (patient) with her. So I decided to take her out to her car and unload her groceries and in the process of doing so, I listened to her.
She was 59.________ (basic) talking about her life. From that conversation I learned that her two kids lived out of the state and her husband 60.________ (die) two years ago. This old lady had no one to talk to. That was 61.________ she just wanted to talk to someone about her life.
After that conversation, she went back into the store and told my boss what 62.________ good employee I was. That made my day. But I also made her day because I took the time 63.________ (understand) why she always talked so much.
Anytime an older person 64.________ (approach) you to talk, don’t feel uncomfortable about it because he/she has no one else to talk to. 65.________ (be) kind and engage in a conversation with him/her and it will make his/her day.
56. 解析:所填词在动词like后,用动词-ing形式表示一种习惯性的动作。
答案:helping
57. 解析:“for+一段时间”作时间状语。
答案:for
58. 解析:所填词前有形容词性物主代词their,故此处填名词。所给词patient (耐心的) 是形容词,其名词是patience。
答案:patience
59. 解析:修饰动词talking应用副词;basic(基本的)是形容词,其副词是basically。
答案:basically
60. 解析:根据时间状语two years ago可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填died。
答案:died
61. 解析:根据语境并分析句子结构可知,此处应用why引导表语从句,即“That was why+表语从句”表示“那就是……的原因”。
答案:why
62. 解析:此处表示“一个好员工”,应用不定代词;good是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
答案:a
63. 解析: take time to do sth表示“花费时间做某事”。
答案:to understand
64. 解析:此处描述一般的情况,因此用一般现在时;主语是第三人称单数an older person,故填approaches。
答案:approaches
65. 解析:根据并列连词and后的engage是动词原形可知,其前也要用动词原形,故填Be。
答案:Be
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
根据下面的提示,简要介绍杰出的科学家爱因斯坦。
(1) 爱因斯坦(1879年3月14日-1955年4月18日)出生于德国;
(2) 其相对论(Theory of Relativity)闻名于世,1921年获得诺贝尔物理学奖;
(3) 年少时害羞,不喜欢上学,不喜欢与人交往,一生中多数时间喜欢独处,喜欢音乐;
(4) 不看重金钱,热爱和平,致力于人权和社会进步。
注意:
(1) 词数80左右;
(2) 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. __
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ No wonder Albert Einstein is an outstanding and respectable scientist!
答案:
Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. He is best known for his Theory of Relativity. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.
But when he was young, he was shy and didn’t like to go to school, because he found it hard to get along with others. Throughout his life he preferred spending most of his time alone. He was fond of music, and said that he could find peace in music.
Albert Einstein was a peace-loving person, giving little thought to money, and he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and social progress. No wonder Albert Einstein is an outstanding and respectable scientist!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On August 1, Zach Regan and Matty Johnson set off on a two-day adventure on Vancouver Island’s remote west coast. With everything they needed to go surfing and fishing, it was set to be a great trip.
When they got to the coast, they started to put up their tent high on the beach, where there was a cave not far away. After catching some waves in the sea for several hours, the pair decided to sit on their surfboards for a breather. As they were resting in the cold waters, however, Zach Regan heard some strange sounds. “Matty Johnson, have you heard any sounds?”
“Sounds? Don’t scare me. I only hear the sound of ocean waves,” Matty Johnson replied. Zach Regan stood up and looked for the source of the sounds, but he didn’t succeed. “Let’s have a surfing competition. If you lose, you will go fishing and roast the fish for me,” said Johnson, preparing to take his surfboard.
“Wait a moment. I really heard some strange sounds. They came from the cave. Let’s have a look,” Zach Regan said and walked towards their tent. Matty Johnson had to follow him with their surfboards in his hands.
As Zach Regan approached the cave along the source of the sounds, he saw the brown legs of an animal in the cave. It was too small to be a bear or a wolf. Zach Regan and Matty Johnson took a closer look and found that it was a starving, cold, terrified dog, lying on the ground. The dog was very weak and its right leg was injured. Zach Regan took the injured dog to their tent and Matty Johnson gave their prepared sausage to the dog.
The pair’s rescue task was on. Once the dog was safe in their tent, it snuggled (依偎) up against Zach Regan’s arms to keep itself warm. After eating some food, the dog recovered a lot. However, the pair couldn’t deal with the wounds on its right leg, so they decided to end their trip early to treat the dog. Meanwhile, they hoped that they would find its owner.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
They took it to the vet (兽医) as soon as they returned. ______
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The owner was amazed to see his pet again. ___________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
They took it to the vet as soon as they returned. The vet examined the dog carefully, put some medicine on the wounds and tied the right leg with a bandage. Zach Regan took the injured dog home and took care of it. The dog recovered from the injury and could run as fast as ever. Meanwhile, the pair posted several pictures of the dog online to help find its owner. They put up notices in different neighborhoods looking for the dog’s owner. Fortunately, they succeeded.
The owner was amazed to see his pet again. He thought that he’d lost his dog forever when they became separated three months ago. As soon as the dog saw its owner, it ran to him quickly and moved its tongue across the owner’s hands. The owner thanked the pair’s rescue again and again. Knowing that to save the dog, the pair gave up their trip. The owner promised to treat the pair to surfing and fishing during the weekend.
单元素养评估卷(一)
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
We’ve got a list of teen scientists from a variety of fields.
Jack Andraka
Jack Andraka created a biosensor for cancer that he says is 168 times faster, 26,667 times less expensive and 400 times more sensitive than technology nowadays.
He’s the youngest person to have spoken in front of the Royal Society of Medicine.
Taylor Wilson
Taylor Wilson was the youngest person to achieve nuclear fusion (核聚变). He was inspired by The Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fails to build a nuclear reactor.
Taylor thought he could do better. Long story short, he wanted to build a small nuclear reactor. And he did it at the age of fourteen. He received a Thiel Fellowship, which gave him $100,000 to work on his own research.
Sara Volz
Sara Volz performed experiments in which she grew algae based on their oil output for the purpose of growing them as biofuel (生物燃料). This research is especially important as the world continues to search for a way to lessen our dependence on non-renewable energy. She won the top prize of $100,000 in the Intel Science Talent Search.
Daniel Burd
Plastic usually takes thousands of years to decompose (降解), but this high school student Daniel Burd managed to do it in three months.
In an experiment, he mixed plastic bags and a special kind of dirt together, and found that they did decompose faster. He then performed tests to find the bacteria responsible for decomposing the plastics.
His solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide. He says it could easily be used elsewhere.
21. Who designed a medical instrument?
A. Sara Volz. B. Daniel Burd.
C. Jack Andraka. D. Taylor Wilson.
解析:细节理解题。根据Jack Andraka部分中的第一句“Jack Andraka created a biosensor for cancer ...”可知,杰克发明了治疗癌症的生物传感器。故选C。
答案:C
22. What excited Taylor Wilson’s interest in his invention?
A. A novel by a kid. B. Plastic pollution.
C. Energy shortage. D. A storybook.
解析:细节理解题。根据Taylor Wilson部分中的第二句“He was inspired by The Radioactive Boy Scout, a novel in which a kid tries and fails to build a nuclear reactor.”可知,泰勒受到了The Radioactive Boy Scout的启发,这是一本描写一个小孩尝试建立核反应堆失败的小说。故选D。
答案:D
23. What do we know about Daniel Burd’s invention?
A. It won him a $100,000 prize.
B. It is environmentally friendly.
C. It was completed in three months.
D. It is widely used for everyday waste.
解析:推理判断题。根据Daniel Burd部分中的最后一段“His solution only produces water and small amounts of carbon dioxide. He says it could easily be used elsewhere.”可知,丹尼尔降解塑料的方法只产生水和少量的二氧化碳,它可以很容易地用于其他地方,因此这是个很环保的方法。故选B。
答案:B
B
Mary Anning was an English fossil (化石) collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossil hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙).
Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
24. Why did Mary’s father take his children along the beach?
A. To enjoy life.
B. To make a living.
C. To look for fossils.
D. To teach them about fossils.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mary was born into a poor family ... Mary’s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知,玛丽家境贫寒,父亲带着孩子沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客,以维持生计。故选B。
答案:B
25. What can we learn about Mary?
A. Her father was a paleontologist.
B. Her father educated her at home.
C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all.
D. She might be popular at that time.
解析:推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her ... Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells.”可知,有钱的朋友帮她卖化石,科学家们写信给她并来看她,她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳,由此可推断,当时她可能很受欢迎。故选 D。
答案:D
26. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?
A. Charles Darwin. B. Mary’s dog.
C. Joseph. D. Mary.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段首句“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知,约瑟夫首先看到了鱼龙化石。故选C。
答案:C
27. What does the underlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A. Break. B. Shake.
C. Float. D. Dive.
解析:词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.”可知,玛丽喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石,因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂,因此很容易发现化石。故选A。
答案:A
C
Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.
Traditional migration (迁徙) paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest or feed. The scientists studied the migration or flight paths of almost 1,500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.
The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion.
The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed or rest. There is no place to restore (恢复) their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time in protecting land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn’t exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species,” one of the scientists says.
The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbour country might not. A bird might die.
One scientist who is not connected with the report tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.
He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.
28. What mainly causes the disappearance of the bird habitats?
A. Development.
B. The change of climate.
C. Filling seas to grow grain.
D. The loss of land and water.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed ...”和“many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion”可知,导致大量鸟类栖息地消失的主要原因是发展,具体表现在城镇、工业和农业用地的扩张。故选A。
答案:A
29. What do the underlined words “land reclamation” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Abusing the farmland.
B. The disappearance of good land.
C. Causing the land quality to get worse.
D. Making land suitable for farming or building.
解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“... because of urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion.”可知,由于城镇、工业和农业用地的扩张,鸟类的栖息地遭到破坏,由此可以猜测出land reclamation意为“土地开垦”,所以D项“Making land suitable for farming or building.”符合该词义。故选D。
答案:D
30. Why do many birds die on the way of migration?
A. They are harmed by humans.
B. They are killed by other animals.
C. They have to take a long journey.
D. They have no safe place to rest or eat.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed or rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey.”可知,鸟儿在迁徙中死去主要是因为在迁徙途中没有可以进食或休息的安全地点。故选D。
答案:D
31. According to the researchers, how can we protect the migrating birds?
A. By keeping fewer cats or dogs.
B. By stopping the urban development.
C. By helping change the birds’ migration paths.
D. By preserving the local ecological environments.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后三段可知,各国需要合作,为路过的鸟类提供安全的栖息地。各国可以做一些工作,把各国的城镇区域变成鸟类安全的栖息地。结合最后所列举的两项举措可推知,要保护好迁徙的鸟类,就要保护好地方生态环境。故选D。
答案:D
D
The live streaming (直播) and fast delivery industry have attracted so many young people that the industrial sector is short of manpower. “My advice is to encourage more young people to work in the factories and less in the express delivery sector,” Zhang Xinghai, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, China’s top legislature, said during the ongoing NPC annual session.
Zhang wants more young people to work in the factories so that China’s manufacturing (制造业) sector continues to flourish. Whatever job young people do is a matter of choice, but the manufacturing sector is facing a labor crunch (短缺) for too many people prefer jobs in other sectors.
A survey conducted by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security in the third quarter of 2021 found that of 100 jobs that were facing a manpower crunch, 58 were in the manufacturing sector. By 2025, the shortage in 10 key manufacturing industries could be as high as 30 million.
It is time some strong measures were taken to attract people back to the factories. This can be done by raising the salaries of factory workers.
According to a survey in Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong province, the annual income of express delivery workers in the city is more than 100,000 yuan ($15,831). In contrast, the average monthly salary of those doing blue-collar jobs in Guangdong in 2020 was just 7,108 yuan, or about 84,000 yuan a year. That gap surely needs to be reduced.
Besides, the legal rights and interests of those doing blue-collar jobs need to be better protected. Express delivery workers can decide when they want to work, but factory workers have to work whenever the factory demands.
Therefore, the authorities should protect factory workers’ rights to weekends, 8-hour working schedules and paid leave.
Also, the promotion and salary growth structure of factory workers must be clearly defined. In a nutshell, to lure young people back to the factories, it is necessary to make blue-collar jobs more attractive.
32. What can we infer from Zhang Xinghai’s words?
A. The future of the express delivery sector is hopeless.
B. Working in factories in China are attractive to young people.
C. Most young people are unwilling to work in the manufacturing sector.
D. Working as a delivery man is quite easy for young people.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘My advice is to encourage more young people to work in the factories and less in the express delivery sector,’”和第二段内容可知,制造业正面临着劳动力短缺的问题,而第一段张兴海说的话正表明中国年轻人越来越不愿意到工厂里去工作。故选C。
答案:C
33. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. A lot of jobs in China are facing a labor crunch.
B. Employment rate in China will be dramatically increased by 2025.
C. There are 10 manufacturing industries facing manpower shortage in total.
D. The industrial sector is facing a severe labor shortage.
解析:段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,人力资源和社会保障部在2021年第三季度进行的一项调查中发现,在面临人力短缺的100个就业岗位中,有58个来自制造业。到2025年,10个主要制造业的短缺能高达3 000万人。综上所述,本段主要讲述制造业正在面临严重的劳动力短缺问题。故选D。
答案:D
34. Which is NOT the reason for manpower shortage in factories?
A. Flexible working hours.
B. Lower incomes.
C. Undefined promotion structure.
D. Unprotected legal rights.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,2020年广东蓝领工人的平均月薪仅为7 108元,约合每年8.4万元;再根据第六段中的“Besides, the legal rights and interests of those doing blue-collar jobs need to be better protected.”和最后一段中的“Also, the promotion and salary growth structure of factory workers must be clearly defined.”可知,工厂里的蓝领工人们工资较低,合法权益没有得到更好的保护,晋升和工资增长结构不明确。这些是年轻人不愿意到工厂工作的原因。故选A。
答案:A
35. What is the author’s attitude towards the current situation of manufacturing industry?
A. Indifferent. B. Concerned.
C. Unclear. D. Neutral.
解析:观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“In a nutshell, to lure young people back to the factories, it is necessary to make blue-collar jobs more attractive.”可知,为了吸引年轻人回到工厂,有必要使蓝领工作更具吸引力。由此可推知,作者对目前制造业的现状是很关心的。故选B。
答案:B
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Succeed in Science
To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.
•36.________
That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It’s like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn’t simply to win; it’s to win at something really difficult. 37.________
•Take risks.
To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 38.________ This can be more than personally upsetting.
•Never do anything that bores you.
My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. I’m not good enough to do well in something I dislike.
39.________ It’s very hard to succeed if you don’t want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: 40.________
A. Avoid foolish people.
B. Meet challenges with great courage.
C. In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.
D. If you can’t stand to be with your real peers, get out of science.
E. Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.
F. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.
G. Put another way, it’s to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.
36. 解析:此段的段意是要与更聪明的人一起玩。且A项中的foolish与第二段中的brighter相反,与bad 呼应。故选A。
答案:A
37. 解析:根据上一句:在科学和生活的游戏中,最高的目标不是简单地去赢,而是去赢得一些非常困难的东西。G项与此意义相似。故选G。
答案:G
38. 解析:空处的句子结构与第三段句首中的be prepared to呼应,句意上进一步说明科学家的困难。故选F。
答案:F
39. 解析:根据上一句句意“我不擅长做我不喜欢的事情”可知,C项与此结构相似,意义承接前文。故选C。
答案:C
40. 解析:此句为总结句,选出的句子要具有总结意义。competitors 与real peers 呼应,unpleasant与out of science呼应。故选D。
答案:D
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nobody can inspire us like great teachers. They show us things about ourselves we can’t see. They see 41 in us that others, including ourselves can’t or won’t see. 42 they give us the courage to find our own way and enough guidance to show us that what we feel 43 is anything but that.
When Bill 44 Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary School, he was a really unattractive and shy fourth grader. 45 a kindly librarian named Blanche Caffiere, he was able to come into his own in a way that would one day 46 his life forever. Bill sets the stage for this tale like this:
“When I first met Mrs Caffiere, she was the elegant and engaging school 47 , and I was a shy fourth grader. I was 48 trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big shortcomings, like terrible handwriting ... and I was trying to hide the 49 that I liked to read—something that was cool for girls but not for boys ... Mrs Caffiere took me under her wing.”
He was grateful to Mrs Caffiere for helping him become less 50 , which resulted from the true spirit of remarkable teaching. First she encouraged Bill’s enthusiasm for reading by helping him explore it through the use of introspective (内省的) questions, 51 what he liked to read and why. Next, she would go out of her 52 to source books that were 53 more interesting and challenging for him. Finally, once he’d read them, she would sit down with him and ask him if he liked what he had read, and more 54 what he’d learned and why. “She basically 55 what I had to say,” Bill recalled.
41. A. ambition B. distinction
C. potential D. discrimination
解析:ambition野心;distinction区分;potential潜能;discrimination歧视。结合上文“Nobody can inspire us like great teachers.”可知,好的教师能看到我们身上的潜力。
答案:C
42. A. Above all B. For instance
C. In consequence D. By contrast
解析:above all最重要的是,首先;for instance例如;in consequence结果;by contrast相比之下。结合后文“they give us the courage to find our own way”可知,好的教师在发现我们潜能的基础上,最重要的是给了我们勇气。
答案:A
43. A. unconditional B. unbelievable
C. incorrect D. impossible
解析:unconditional无条件的;unbelievable难以置信的;incorrect不正确的;impossible不可能的。指导的意义在于让我们觉得不可能的事情成为可能。
答案:D
44. A. built B. attended
C. designed D. finished
解析:build建立;attend参加,上(学);design设计;finish结束。结合后文“Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary School”可知,此处指的是上学,短语attend school表示“上学”。
答案:B
45. A. Apart from B. But for
C. Thanks to D. Regardless of
解析:apart from除了;but for要不是;thanks to幸亏;regardless of不管。结合后文可知,比尔的改变是多亏了一位名叫布兰奇的和蔼的图书管理员。
答案:C
46. A. change B. discover
C. enjoy D. create
解析:change改变;discover发现;enjoy欣赏;create创造。结合后文“his life forever”可知,此处是指永远改变了自己的人生。
答案:A
47. A. supporter B. librarian
C. principal D. owner
解析:supporter支持者;librarian图书管理员;principal校长;owner所有者。结合上文“a kindly librarian named Blanche Caffiere”可知,布兰奇太太是图书管理员。
答案:B
48. A. amazedly B. desperately
C. proudly D. helplessly
解析:amazedly惊奇地;desperately拼命地;proudly傲慢地;helplessly无助地。结合下文“because I had some big shortcomings, like terrible handwriting ... and I was trying to hide”可知,比尔拼命地想不被人注意。
答案:B
49. A. fact B. concept
C. event D. conclusion
解析:fact事实;concept概念;event事件;conclusion结论。后文“I liked to read”是一个事实。
答案:A
50. A. unattractive B. typical
C. shy D. unnoticed
解析:unattractive不吸引人的;typical典型的;shy害羞的;unnoticed被忽视的。结合上文“I was a shy fourth grader”可知,比尔一开始很害羞,是在布兰奇太太的帮助下变得不那么害羞了。
答案:C
51. A. together with B. instead of
C. such as D. as for
解析:together with一起;instead of而不是;such as例如,比如;as for至于。后文“what he liked to read and why”是在针对自省的问题进行举例,故此处表示“例如,比如”。
答案:C
52. A. business B. house
C. way D. office
解析:此处指布兰奇太太不怕麻烦地为比尔找书。go out of one’s way特地;不怕麻烦。
答案:C
53. A. naturally B. progressively
C. frequently D. extraordinarily
解析:naturally自然地;progressively逐渐地;frequently频繁地;extraordinarily极其。结合后文“more interesting and challenging for him”可知,这些书对于Bill来说越来越有趣、越来越有挑战性。
答案:B
54. A. honestly B. seriously
C. strictly D. importantly
解析:honestly真诚地;seriously严重地;strictly严格地;importantly重要地。比起读书,更重要的是知道自己从书中学到了什么以及为什么。
答案:D
55. A. listened to B. stuck to
C. referred to D. turned to
解析:listen to听;stick to坚持;refer to提到;turn to求助于。结合后文“what I had to say”可知,此处是指布兰奇太太听比尔说话。
答案:A
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I used to work at a grocery store and this old lady would always come in to do her shopping. Many of my co-workers did not like 56.________ (help) this old lady out to her car because she would talk 57.________ a very long time about her life and my co-workers would lose their 58.________ (patient) with her. So I decided to take her out to her car and unload her groceries and in the process of doing so, I listened to her.
She was 59.________ (basic) talking about her life. From that conversation I learned that her two kids lived out of the state and her husband 60.________ (die) two years ago. This old lady had no one to talk to. That was 61.________ she just wanted to talk to someone about her life.
After that conversation, she went back into the store and told my boss what 62.________ good employee I was. That made my day. But I also made her day because I took the time 63.________ (understand) why she always talked so much.
Anytime an older person 64.________ (approach) you to talk, don’t feel uncomfortable about it because he/she has no one else to talk to. 65.________ (be) kind and engage in a conversation with him/her and it will make his/her day.
56. 解析:所填词在动词like后,用动词-ing形式表示一种习惯性的动作。
答案:helping
57. 解析:“for+一段时间”作时间状语。
答案:for
58. 解析:所填词前有形容词性物主代词their,故此处填名词。所给词patient (耐心的) 是形容词,其名词是patience。
答案:patience
59. 解析:修饰动词talking应用副词;basic(基本的)是形容词,其副词是basically。
答案:basically
60. 解析:根据时间状语two years ago可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填died。
答案:died
61. 解析:根据语境并分析句子结构可知,此处应用why引导表语从句,即“That was why+表语从句”表示“那就是……的原因”。
答案:why
62. 解析:此处表示“一个好员工”,应用不定代词;good是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
答案:a
63. 解析: take time to do sth表示“花费时间做某事”。
答案:to understand
64. 解析:此处描述一般的情况,因此用一般现在时;主语是第三人称单数an older person,故填approaches。
答案:approaches
65. 解析:根据并列连词and后的engage是动词原形可知,其前也要用动词原形,故填Be。
答案:Be
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
根据下面的提示,简要介绍杰出的科学家爱因斯坦。
(1) 爱因斯坦(1879年3月14日-1955年4月18日)出生于德国;
(2) 其相对论(Theory of Relativity)闻名于世,1921年获得诺贝尔物理学奖;
(3) 年少时害羞,不喜欢上学,不喜欢与人交往,一生中多数时间喜欢独处,喜欢音乐;
(4) 不看重金钱,热爱和平,致力于人权和社会进步。
注意:
(1) 词数80左右;
(2) 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. __
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ No wonder Albert Einstein is an outstanding and respectable scientist!
答案:
Albert Einstein is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. He was born on March 14, 1879 in Germany, and died on April 18, 1955. He is best known for his Theory of Relativity. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.
But when he was young, he was shy and didn’t like to go to school, because he found it hard to get along with others. Throughout his life he preferred spending most of his time alone. He was fond of music, and said that he could find peace in music.
Albert Einstein was a peace-loving person, giving little thought to money, and he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and social progress. No wonder Albert Einstein is an outstanding and respectable scientist!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On August 1, Zach Regan and Matty Johnson set off on a two-day adventure on Vancouver Island’s remote west coast. With everything they needed to go surfing and fishing, it was set to be a great trip.
When they got to the coast, they started to put up their tent high on the beach, where there was a cave not far away. After catching some waves in the sea for several hours, the pair decided to sit on their surfboards for a breather. As they were resting in the cold waters, however, Zach Regan heard some strange sounds. “Matty Johnson, have you heard any sounds?”
“Sounds? Don’t scare me. I only hear the sound of ocean waves,” Matty Johnson replied. Zach Regan stood up and looked for the source of the sounds, but he didn’t succeed. “Let’s have a surfing competition. If you lose, you will go fishing and roast the fish for me,” said Johnson, preparing to take his surfboard.
“Wait a moment. I really heard some strange sounds. They came from the cave. Let’s have a look,” Zach Regan said and walked towards their tent. Matty Johnson had to follow him with their surfboards in his hands.
As Zach Regan approached the cave along the source of the sounds, he saw the brown legs of an animal in the cave. It was too small to be a bear or a wolf. Zach Regan and Matty Johnson took a closer look and found that it was a starving, cold, terrified dog, lying on the ground. The dog was very weak and its right leg was injured. Zach Regan took the injured dog to their tent and Matty Johnson gave their prepared sausage to the dog.
The pair’s rescue task was on. Once the dog was safe in their tent, it snuggled (依偎) up against Zach Regan’s arms to keep itself warm. After eating some food, the dog recovered a lot. However, the pair couldn’t deal with the wounds on its right leg, so they decided to end their trip early to treat the dog. Meanwhile, they hoped that they would find its owner.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
They took it to the vet (兽医) as soon as they returned. ______
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The owner was amazed to see his pet again. ___________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
They took it to the vet as soon as they returned. The vet examined the dog carefully, put some medicine on the wounds and tied the right leg with a bandage. Zach Regan took the injured dog home and took care of it. The dog recovered from the injury and could run as fast as ever. Meanwhile, the pair posted several pictures of the dog online to help find its owner. They put up notices in different neighborhoods looking for the dog’s owner. Fortunately, they succeeded.
The owner was amazed to see his pet again. He thought that he’d lost his dog forever when they became separated three months ago. As soon as the dog saw its owner, it ran to him quickly and moved its tongue across the owner’s hands. The owner thanked the pair’s rescue again and again. Knowing that to save the dog, the pair gave up their trip. The owner promised to treat the pair to surfing and fishing during the weekend.
相关试卷
英语选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists复习练习题： 这是一份英语选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists复习练习题，共15页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37，B．4，D．6， 38等内容，欢迎下载使用。
新教材2023高中英语综合素养评估卷新人教版必修第二册： 这是一份新教材2023高中英语综合素养评估卷新人教版必修第二册，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
新教材2023高中英语综合素养评估卷新人教版选择性必修第二册： 这是一份新教材2023高中英语综合素养评估卷新人教版选择性必修第二册，共27页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
