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2024届高考英语一轮复习必修第1册UNIT4 NATURAL DISASTERS课件
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这是一份2024届高考英语一轮复习必修第1册UNIT4 NATURAL DISASTERS课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了必备知识·自主检测，rescue，damage，destroyed，deaths，shelters，metal，bury，efforts，wisdom等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ．词块记单词1．the ______ wrkers 救援人员2．______ the buildings 损坏建筑物3．2，400 hmes _________ 2 400所房屋被毁4．n ______, n injuries 没有人员伤亡5．________ set up by the gvernment 政府搭建的避难所6．useless pieces f _____ 无用的金属块
7．____ the dead 掩埋死者8．the tireless _______ f the city's peple 全市人民的不懈努力9．the ______ t stay psitive 保持乐观的智慧10．prvide the ________ 提供物资11．stay ____ 保持冷静12．_____ int castlines 袭击海岸线13．huge _____ 巨大的海浪14．______ a match 划火柴15．_______ fd and supplies 运送食物和物资
Ⅱ．语境记单词1．He was _______ at the ________ news, fr I culd see his _______ lk n his face．(shck)2．Yu must learn __________ regularly．Otherwise, yu will feel ut f ______ after such a lng run．(breath)3．Mastering sme basic skills will greatly increase yur chances f ________．Last week, thanks t the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in _________ the terrible fld and they were the nly tw _________．(survive)
4．After he came t _____, everyne said he was a ________ leader, but nw he feels s _________ that he even can't save his daughter．(pwer)5．The rad has a ttal ______ f tw miles nly, s the wrkers decide t ________ it．(lng)
Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Her life has nt ______________ (结束), and she als desn't knw what is waiting fr her ahead．2．Althugh it was Sunday yesterday, Lily gt up early ________ (和往常一样)．3．Always have yur dictinary _______ (在手头) when yu study because it is very cnvenient fr yu t refer t it．
cme t an end
4．We haven't cleaned the huse fr a few days, because we dn't want t __________ (彻底消除) gd luck．5．It was reprted that an American cuple had _______ (挖出) a lt f gld cins frm their wn yard．6．The city lay ________ (成为废墟) after the earthquake．Nw, rws f huses are being built．7．Suddenly, a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse．Seeing this, I was ________ (震惊)．
Ⅳ．公式练句型1．这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。(t ... t ...)The little by is __________________ the heavy stne．2．他好像已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。(as if)_____________ he had knwn abut what happened just nw．3．她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。(be ding ... when ...)She ______________________________________ she heard a cry fr help．
t yung t raise
It seemed as if
was walking alng the bank f the river when
4．众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。(be＋adj．＋t d)As we all knw, _____________________________ in the muntainus areas．5．它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。(make＋it＋adj．＋t d)They nt nly ______________________________at night, but they are ding damage t ur huses and shps f histrical interest．
the air is cmfrtable t breathe
make it difficult fr peple t sleep
1．affect vt．影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动[素养佳句]With the develpment f the sciety, Internet vting has becme mre and mre ppular, gradually affecting peple's life in all respects．随着社会的发展，网络投票已经变得越来越流行，逐渐在各方面影响人们的生活。
(1)be affected by被……侵袭；被……感动be affected with high fever发高烧(2)effect n．作用；影响；效果；结果have an effect/influence n对……产生影响(3)affectin n．[U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱 have an affectin fr 喜欢；喜爱
基础练透——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Best f all, humr raises yur energy, and that can have an effect __ everything yu d at schl, at wrk, r in yur persnal life．②________ (affect) with a serius disease, he was n lnger able t speak clearly and he knew there was n hpe f recvery．③I feel much _________ (affect) fr my mum, whse wrds and actins have a psitive effect n me．④(2022·浙江卷1月)I felt s helpless and insecure because the quality f my life ____________ (affect)．
was affected
能力迁移——句式升级Many yung peple were deeply affected by his stry and began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled．⑤__________________ his stry, many yung peple began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled．(过去分词短语作状语)
Deeply affected by
2．ruin n．& vt．破坏；毁坏[素养佳句]Sme bad factrs are ruining the future f film industry, s great effrts shuld be made t attract mre audience．一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出巨大努力来吸引更多观众。
(1)(lie/be) in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪be reduced t ruins 沦为废墟(2)ruin neself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ne's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
基础练透——单句语法填空①With time ging n, the castle which nce was very beautiful is nw cmpletely __ ruins．②Shrtly after suffering frm a massive earthquake and being reduced __ ruins, the city tk n a new lk．
能力迁移——句式升级He made a mistake, which ruined his chance f ging abrad．③He made a mistake, ____________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
ruining his chance f ging abrad
名师点津ruin, damage, destry的用法区别：(1)ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用于下面的短语中：in ruins“严重受损，破败不堪”；(2)damage表示不一定全部毁坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用于d/cause damage t“对……造成损害”；(3)destry指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destructin。
3．bury vt．埋葬；安葬[素养佳句]Thugh buried in bks these days, I have still jined several student clubs in rder t imprve myself．虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。
(1)be buried in/bury neself in埋头于；专心于be buried in thught沉思(2)bury ne's face in ne's hands 双手掩面
基础练透——单句语法填空①______ (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the thers had left．②_______ (bury) his face in his hands, he tried t cntrl his weeping．③She buried her face __ her hands and wept when she heard the bad news．
能力迁移——句式升级He sat at a wden table and was buried in reading．④He sat at a wden table, _________________．(过去分词短语作状语)⑤He sat at a wden table, __________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
buried in reading
burying himself in reading
4．suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[素养佳句]Thugh having suffered a lt in Zhazi Cave, Jiang Zhujun wuld rather die than give in．虽然江竹筠(江姐)在渣滓洞集中营遭受了非人的折磨，但仍然宁死不屈。
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏suffer frm 遭受；患病(2)suffering n．痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事sufferer n．患难者；患病者
基础练透——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Later, he wrked in Africa, where many peple suffered ____ blindness fr lack f prper treatment．②It is hard t imagine the pain and __________ (suffer) these pr peple went thrugh during the winter mnths．
能力迁移——句式升级Jhn has suffered frm lung cancer fr many years．He has decided t give up smking．③__________________________________________, Jhn has decided t give up smking．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Having suffered frm lung cancer fr many years
名师点津(1)suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, lss, defeat, pverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等名词作宾语。(2)suffer用作不及物动词，其后常接frm，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。
5．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl．] 补给品 vt．供应；供给[素养佳句]Mrever, the cmpetitin will supply yu with a chance t develp yur creativity and build friendship with ther students wh share the same interest with yu．此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的其他学生建立友谊。
(1)supply sth．t sb．＝supply sb．with sth．向某人提供某物(2)be in shrt supply 短缺a large supply f/large supplies f 大量……的供应
基础练透——单句语法填空①The natural resurces, such as cal and il, are __ shrt supply in this cuntry．②What happens when fd and gasline ________ (supply) run lw?
能力迁移——一句多译我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。③Our schl website ______________________________ every day．(supply ... t ...)④Our schl website ______________________________ every day．(supply ... with ...)
supplies much infrmatin t us
supplies us with much infrmatin
【联想发散】 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：①prvide sb．with sth．＝prvide sth．fr sb．②ffer sb．sth．＝ffer sth．t sb．
6．survive vi． 生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过[素养佳句]T help them survive, we need t preserve their habitats．为了帮助它们生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。
(1)survive sth．幸免于；从……中挺/活过来survive frm 从……存活下来；流传下来(2)survivr n．幸存者survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
基础练透——单句语法填空①After the plane crash, what the _________ (survive) culd d was t wait fr rescue n this desert island．②If he culdn't find his way ut f the frest, there wuld be little chance f ________ (survive)．
能力迁移——句式升级After we survived that night, we were cnfident that everything else wuld be all right．③________________________, we were cnfident that everything else wuld be all right．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Having survived that night
名师点津survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或frm。
7．pwer n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力[素养佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)With the pwer t cnquer himself, he can cnquer anything n the way t a prmising future．有了征服自己的力量，他就能征服通往美好未来的道路上的任何事情。
(1)be in pwer 掌权，执政(表示状态)cme t/int pwer 上台，执政(表示动作)in/within ne's pwer 在某人的能力/权力范围之内ut f/beynd ne's pwer 超出某人的能力d all/everything in ne's pwer 尽力而为；竭尽全力have the pwer t d sth．有能力做某事(2)pwerful adj．强有力的，强大的
基础练透——单句语法填空①Unfrtunately，it's ______ my pwer t get thrugh the wrk in such a shrt time．②After the new president came _______ pwer, he tk a series f measures t imprve peple's life．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family — and that's pretty ________ (pwer)．④Thugh he has been __ pwer fr tw years, he hasn't fund an effective slutin t the cuntry's ecnmic prblems．
能力迁移——词汇升级(2019·全国Ⅰ卷写作)I'll try my best t perfrm well in the vlunteer jb．⑤I'll __________________________ t perfrm well in the vlunteer jb．
d all/everything in my pwer
【联想发散】 表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：①make every effrt t d sth．②spare n effrt t d sth．
8．strike vi．& vt．(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击[素养佳句]All the internatinal students were deeply struck by my intrductin．所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。
(1)be struck by ... 被……打动/迷住了It strikes/ccurs t/hits sb．that/... 某人想到……strike ... int ne's heart 使……刻骨铭心 strike sb．in/n＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位(2)be/g n strike 在/进行罢工
基础练透——写出下列句中strike的词性及含义①She was practising surfing when a shark struck．_______②The visitrs were struck by the beauty f the cuntry．_____________________③I heard the clck striking eight when I wke up this mrning．_________④It struck me that I wuld have an imprtant meeting in Shanghai the next day．_______________⑤The wrkers will g n strike if the demands they put frward are turned dwn．_______
v．打动；给……以印象
能力迁移——一句多译我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。⑥________________ the phne number I had tld them was wrng．(strike)⑦__________________ the phne number I had tld them was wrng．(ccur)⑧______________ the phne number I had tld them was wrng．(hit)
It struck me that
It ccurred t me that
It hit me that
9．put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿[素养佳句]A week befre Earth Day, psters were put up arund ur schl, calling upn us t jin in the actins fr a greener Earth．地球日的前一周，我们的学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入绿化地球的行动中。
put up with 容忍；忍受put frward 提出(意见、建议) put n 穿上；上演put ff 推迟；延期put away 放好(某物)；储存put dwn 放下；写下；镇压put aside ... 储存……备用；留下……供专用
基础练透——写出下列句中put up的含义①First he pened a shp and then put up a sign utside the shp t attract custmers．____②Thse wh knw the answer t the questin, please put up yur hands．____③They agreed t put tw freign students up ver the summer．____
④The gvernment has prmised that taxes will nt be put up again this year．____⑤(2023·浙江卷1月)Slar develpers want t put up panels as quickly and cheaply as pssible, s they haven't given much thught t what they put under them．____
能力迁移——完成句子⑥I can ___________ the huse's being untidy, but I hate it if it's nt clean．我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。⑦The students have ________________________ that need t be slved at nce．学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。⑧Every year children _______________________________ t buy New Year's presents．每年孩子们都会拿出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。
put up with
put frward a lt f questins
put aside sme f their pcket mney
10．主语＋be＋adj．＋不定式[素养佳句]This machine is very easy t perate．Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes．这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就可以学会使用。
“主语＋be＋adj．＋t d ...”句式有以下特点：(1)不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动含义。(3) 如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。(4)该句式中常用的形容词有easy, hard, difficult, cmfrtable, (im)pssible, pleasant, interesting, exciting, imprtant等。
基础练透——单句语法填空①The prblem lks rather easy, but in fact it is very hard t deal ____．②The stry is very interesting fr the students _______ (read)．
能力迁移——完成句子③Amng the fur seasns in a year, summer is my favurite．The mrning air __________________．在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。④Althugh the lady lks elegant, actually she ____________________.尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
is gd t breathe
is hard t get alng with
11．be ding sth．when ... 正在做某事，这时突然……[素养佳句]Jack was wrking in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred．杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。
(1)be abut t d sth．when ... ＝be n the pint f ding sth．when ... 正要做某事，这时突然……(2)had (just) dne sth．when ... 刚做了某事，这时突然……
基础练透——单句语法填空①He was abut t g t schl ____ a strng wind began t blw．②The children ____________ (play) ftball n the playgrund when it began t rain．③She ____________ (finish) her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practise playing the pian yesterday．
were playing
had finished
能力迁移——同义句转换They were n the pint f giving up when the captain encuraged them fiercely t save the ship．④They ______________________ the captain encuraged them fiercely t save the ship．
were abut t give up when
1．In rder t ensure ur kids get the sleep they need, bth parents and schls shuld make an ______．2．The meeting ______________ and he set dwn many key pints．
rescue; damage; in shck; n hand; sweep away; cme t an end; as if; trap; in the pen air; effrt
came t an end
3．All their attempts t ______ the child frm the burning building were in vain．4．Sme peple wrried that the rapid develpment f turism might cause ______ t the lcal envirnment．5．Whether their wedding ceremny will be held _______________ tmrrw depends n the weather．6．The kids are very friendly with her and even lk up t her _____ she were their wn mther．
in the pen air
7．There are experts _______ t give yu all the help and advice yu need．8．I'm still ________ after hearing that bad news．9．In China, peple believe fire can __________ bad luck, s, red means gd luck．10．Firefighters had t break the dr dwn t reach the peple _______ inside．
Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity．_______2．(2021·全国乙卷)Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites．_______
3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees s the animals culd seek shelter during the daytime．_________4．(2020·天津卷7月)The deep, gentle vice helped calm the nervus girl．__________5．(2017·北京卷)Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic device (器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk．____________
Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2021·全国乙卷)Indeed, the researchers fund that face-t-face interactins and cnversatins affect the creative prcess, and yet a c-wrking space r a cffee shp prvides a certain level f nise while als prviding freedm frm interruptins．__A．vt．影响 B．vt．(疾病)侵袭 C．vt．深深打动
2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The sn f a grcer, he'd spent the summers f his childhd delivering fd in Bernardsville, New Jersey．__A．v．发表 B．v．传达 C．v．递送
Ⅲ．完成句子 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Upn dashing twards the finishing line, a wave f thunderus applause __________．在冲向终点线时，雷鸣般的掌声如潮水般涌了进来。2．(2021·浙江卷6月写作)It seemed ____________________________________．好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
as if smething unpleasant
3．(2020·天津卷7月写作)It is true that we ______________________ frm time t time．Hwever, it is imprtant that we never lse the enthusiasm t keep n trying．确实我们有时可能遭受失败。然而，重要的是我们永远不要失去继续努力的热情。
may suffer frm failure
Ⅰ．单词拼写1．In spite f great _______ (努力), we failed t carry ut ur plans thrugh．2．T much drinking will d ______ (损害) t yur health; yu shuld take the dctr's advice．3．If yu are lst in the muntains, stay ____ (镇静的) in the face f darkness, lneliness and the unknwn．4．In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a ____ (陷阱) and cvered it with sme leaves．
5．A small plane _______ (碰撞) int a hillside five miles east f the city, killing all fur peple n bard． 6．The earthquake was s big that mst f the huses in the small village were cmpletely _________ (摧毁)．7．After learning that the bys had been lst fr almst 20 hurs, the plice sent ut a ______ (救援) team t lk fr them．8．The gvernment appealed t the Internatinal Red Crss t help the peple suffering frm the ______ (洪水)．
9．As far as I'm cncerned, fllwing thers' advice withut thinking will ______ (影响) ur wn decisin．10．They asked the little by t _____ (打扫) the rm clean．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．The accident caused 3 ______ (die) and 20 gt injured, which happened previus t his arrival there．2．It ______ (strike) me that playing against the ther team was a great mment fr all the girls n the team．3．Thugh the sldiers have been wrking fr fifteen hurs, they carry n lking fr _________ (survive) in ruins．
4．Training fr a marathn requires careful preparatin and gradually increases in the ______ (lng) f the runs．5．The cuntry is becming richer and mre ________ (pwer) than ever befre．6．What's mre, it is anther _________ (effect) way t deal with the prblem．7．I was having a discussin with my friend abut hw t imprve my English _____ my mther called me．
8．All the listeners were greatly _______ (shck) when they heard the terrible news n the radi．
Ⅲ．补全句子1．我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。(be ding ... when ...)I _____________________________________________ I heard a vice behind me．2．虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处很容易。(主语＋be＋adj．＋t d ... )While Li Ping is nt a talkative girl, she ________________________．
was lking at the phts n the nticebard when
is easy t get alng with
Ⅰ．词块记单词1．the ______ wrkers 救援人员2．______ the buildings 损坏建筑物3．2，400 hmes _________ 2 400所房屋被毁4．n ______, n injuries 没有人员伤亡5．________ set up by the gvernment 政府搭建的避难所6．useless pieces f _____ 无用的金属块
7．____ the dead 掩埋死者8．the tireless _______ f the city's peple 全市人民的不懈努力9．the ______ t stay psitive 保持乐观的智慧10．prvide the ________ 提供物资11．stay ____ 保持冷静12．_____ int castlines 袭击海岸线13．huge _____ 巨大的海浪14．______ a match 划火柴15．_______ fd and supplies 运送食物和物资
Ⅱ．语境记单词1．He was _______ at the ________ news, fr I culd see his _______ lk n his face．(shck)2．Yu must learn __________ regularly．Otherwise, yu will feel ut f ______ after such a lng run．(breath)3．Mastering sme basic skills will greatly increase yur chances f ________．Last week, thanks t the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in _________ the terrible fld and they were the nly tw _________．(survive)
4．After he came t _____, everyne said he was a ________ leader, but nw he feels s _________ that he even can't save his daughter．(pwer)5．The rad has a ttal ______ f tw miles nly, s the wrkers decide t ________ it．(lng)
Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Her life has nt ______________ (结束), and she als desn't knw what is waiting fr her ahead．2．Althugh it was Sunday yesterday, Lily gt up early ________ (和往常一样)．3．Always have yur dictinary _______ (在手头) when yu study because it is very cnvenient fr yu t refer t it．
cme t an end
4．We haven't cleaned the huse fr a few days, because we dn't want t __________ (彻底消除) gd luck．5．It was reprted that an American cuple had _______ (挖出) a lt f gld cins frm their wn yard．6．The city lay ________ (成为废墟) after the earthquake．Nw, rws f huses are being built．7．Suddenly, a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse．Seeing this, I was ________ (震惊)．
Ⅳ．公式练句型1．这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。(t ... t ...)The little by is __________________ the heavy stne．2．他好像已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。(as if)_____________ he had knwn abut what happened just nw．3．她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。(be ding ... when ...)She ______________________________________ she heard a cry fr help．
t yung t raise
It seemed as if
was walking alng the bank f the river when
4．众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。(be＋adj．＋t d)As we all knw, _____________________________ in the muntainus areas．5．它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。(make＋it＋adj．＋t d)They nt nly ______________________________at night, but they are ding damage t ur huses and shps f histrical interest．
the air is cmfrtable t breathe
make it difficult fr peple t sleep
1．affect vt．影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动[素养佳句]With the develpment f the sciety, Internet vting has becme mre and mre ppular, gradually affecting peple's life in all respects．随着社会的发展，网络投票已经变得越来越流行，逐渐在各方面影响人们的生活。
(1)be affected by被……侵袭；被……感动be affected with high fever发高烧(2)effect n．作用；影响；效果；结果have an effect/influence n对……产生影响(3)affectin n．[U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱 have an affectin fr 喜欢；喜爱
基础练透——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Best f all, humr raises yur energy, and that can have an effect __ everything yu d at schl, at wrk, r in yur persnal life．②________ (affect) with a serius disease, he was n lnger able t speak clearly and he knew there was n hpe f recvery．③I feel much _________ (affect) fr my mum, whse wrds and actins have a psitive effect n me．④(2022·浙江卷1月)I felt s helpless and insecure because the quality f my life ____________ (affect)．
was affected
能力迁移——句式升级Many yung peple were deeply affected by his stry and began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled．⑤__________________ his stry, many yung peple began t d vlunteer wrk fr the disabled．(过去分词短语作状语)
Deeply affected by
2．ruin n．& vt．破坏；毁坏[素养佳句]Sme bad factrs are ruining the future f film industry, s great effrts shuld be made t attract mre audience．一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出巨大努力来吸引更多观众。
(1)(lie/be) in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪be reduced t ruins 沦为废墟(2)ruin neself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ne's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
基础练透——单句语法填空①With time ging n, the castle which nce was very beautiful is nw cmpletely __ ruins．②Shrtly after suffering frm a massive earthquake and being reduced __ ruins, the city tk n a new lk．
能力迁移——句式升级He made a mistake, which ruined his chance f ging abrad．③He made a mistake, ____________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
ruining his chance f ging abrad
名师点津ruin, damage, destry的用法区别：(1)ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用于下面的短语中：in ruins“严重受损，破败不堪”；(2)damage表示不一定全部毁坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用于d/cause damage t“对……造成损害”；(3)destry指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destructin。
3．bury vt．埋葬；安葬[素养佳句]Thugh buried in bks these days, I have still jined several student clubs in rder t imprve myself．虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。
(1)be buried in/bury neself in埋头于；专心于be buried in thught沉思(2)bury ne's face in ne's hands 双手掩面
基础练透——单句语法填空①______ (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the thers had left．②_______ (bury) his face in his hands, he tried t cntrl his weeping．③She buried her face __ her hands and wept when she heard the bad news．
能力迁移——句式升级He sat at a wden table and was buried in reading．④He sat at a wden table, _________________．(过去分词短语作状语)⑤He sat at a wden table, __________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
buried in reading
burying himself in reading
4．suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[素养佳句]Thugh having suffered a lt in Zhazi Cave, Jiang Zhujun wuld rather die than give in．虽然江竹筠(江姐)在渣滓洞集中营遭受了非人的折磨，但仍然宁死不屈。
(1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏suffer frm 遭受；患病(2)suffering n．痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事sufferer n．患难者；患病者
基础练透——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Later, he wrked in Africa, where many peple suffered ____ blindness fr lack f prper treatment．②It is hard t imagine the pain and __________ (suffer) these pr peple went thrugh during the winter mnths．
能力迁移——句式升级Jhn has suffered frm lung cancer fr many years．He has decided t give up smking．③__________________________________________, Jhn has decided t give up smking．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Having suffered frm lung cancer fr many years
名师点津(1)suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, lss, defeat, pverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等名词作宾语。(2)suffer用作不及物动词，其后常接frm，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。
5．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl．] 补给品 vt．供应；供给[素养佳句]Mrever, the cmpetitin will supply yu with a chance t develp yur creativity and build friendship with ther students wh share the same interest with yu．此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的其他学生建立友谊。
(1)supply sth．t sb．＝supply sb．with sth．向某人提供某物(2)be in shrt supply 短缺a large supply f/large supplies f 大量……的供应
基础练透——单句语法填空①The natural resurces, such as cal and il, are __ shrt supply in this cuntry．②What happens when fd and gasline ________ (supply) run lw?
能力迁移——一句多译我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。③Our schl website ______________________________ every day．(supply ... t ...)④Our schl website ______________________________ every day．(supply ... with ...)
supplies much infrmatin t us
supplies us with much infrmatin
【联想发散】 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：①prvide sb．with sth．＝prvide sth．fr sb．②ffer sb．sth．＝ffer sth．t sb．
6．survive vi． 生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过[素养佳句]T help them survive, we need t preserve their habitats．为了帮助它们生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。
(1)survive sth．幸免于；从……中挺/活过来survive frm 从……存活下来；流传下来(2)survivr n．幸存者survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
基础练透——单句语法填空①After the plane crash, what the _________ (survive) culd d was t wait fr rescue n this desert island．②If he culdn't find his way ut f the frest, there wuld be little chance f ________ (survive)．
能力迁移——句式升级After we survived that night, we were cnfident that everything else wuld be all right．③________________________, we were cnfident that everything else wuld be all right．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Having survived that night
名师点津survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或frm。
7．pwer n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力[素养佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)With the pwer t cnquer himself, he can cnquer anything n the way t a prmising future．有了征服自己的力量，他就能征服通往美好未来的道路上的任何事情。
(1)be in pwer 掌权，执政(表示状态)cme t/int pwer 上台，执政(表示动作)in/within ne's pwer 在某人的能力/权力范围之内ut f/beynd ne's pwer 超出某人的能力d all/everything in ne's pwer 尽力而为；竭尽全力have the pwer t d sth．有能力做某事(2)pwerful adj．强有力的，强大的
基础练透——单句语法填空①Unfrtunately，it's ______ my pwer t get thrugh the wrk in such a shrt time．②After the new president came _______ pwer, he tk a series f measures t imprve peple's life．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family — and that's pretty ________ (pwer)．④Thugh he has been __ pwer fr tw years, he hasn't fund an effective slutin t the cuntry's ecnmic prblems．
能力迁移——词汇升级(2019·全国Ⅰ卷写作)I'll try my best t perfrm well in the vlunteer jb．⑤I'll __________________________ t perfrm well in the vlunteer jb．
d all/everything in my pwer
【联想发散】 表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：①make every effrt t d sth．②spare n effrt t d sth．
8．strike vi．& vt．(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击[素养佳句]All the internatinal students were deeply struck by my intrductin．所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。
(1)be struck by ... 被……打动/迷住了It strikes/ccurs t/hits sb．that/... 某人想到……strike ... int ne's heart 使……刻骨铭心 strike sb．in/n＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位(2)be/g n strike 在/进行罢工
基础练透——写出下列句中strike的词性及含义①She was practising surfing when a shark struck．_______②The visitrs were struck by the beauty f the cuntry．_____________________③I heard the clck striking eight when I wke up this mrning．_________④It struck me that I wuld have an imprtant meeting in Shanghai the next day．_______________⑤The wrkers will g n strike if the demands they put frward are turned dwn．_______
v．打动；给……以印象
能力迁移——一句多译我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。⑥________________ the phne number I had tld them was wrng．(strike)⑦__________________ the phne number I had tld them was wrng．(ccur)⑧______________ the phne number I had tld them was wrng．(hit)
It struck me that
It ccurred t me that
It hit me that
9．put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿[素养佳句]A week befre Earth Day, psters were put up arund ur schl, calling upn us t jin in the actins fr a greener Earth．地球日的前一周，我们的学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入绿化地球的行动中。
put up with 容忍；忍受put frward 提出(意见、建议) put n 穿上；上演put ff 推迟；延期put away 放好(某物)；储存put dwn 放下；写下；镇压put aside ... 储存……备用；留下……供专用
基础练透——写出下列句中put up的含义①First he pened a shp and then put up a sign utside the shp t attract custmers．____②Thse wh knw the answer t the questin, please put up yur hands．____③They agreed t put tw freign students up ver the summer．____
④The gvernment has prmised that taxes will nt be put up again this year．____⑤(2023·浙江卷1月)Slar develpers want t put up panels as quickly and cheaply as pssible, s they haven't given much thught t what they put under them．____
能力迁移——完成句子⑥I can ___________ the huse's being untidy, but I hate it if it's nt clean．我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。⑦The students have ________________________ that need t be slved at nce．学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。⑧Every year children _______________________________ t buy New Year's presents．每年孩子们都会拿出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。
put up with
put frward a lt f questins
put aside sme f their pcket mney
10．主语＋be＋adj．＋不定式[素养佳句]This machine is very easy t perate．Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes．这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就可以学会使用。
“主语＋be＋adj．＋t d ...”句式有以下特点：(1)不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动含义。(3) 如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。(4)该句式中常用的形容词有easy, hard, difficult, cmfrtable, (im)pssible, pleasant, interesting, exciting, imprtant等。
基础练透——单句语法填空①The prblem lks rather easy, but in fact it is very hard t deal ____．②The stry is very interesting fr the students _______ (read)．
能力迁移——完成句子③Amng the fur seasns in a year, summer is my favurite．The mrning air __________________．在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。④Althugh the lady lks elegant, actually she ____________________.尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。
is gd t breathe
is hard t get alng with
11．be ding sth．when ... 正在做某事，这时突然……[素养佳句]Jack was wrking in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred．杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。
(1)be abut t d sth．when ... ＝be n the pint f ding sth．when ... 正要做某事，这时突然……(2)had (just) dne sth．when ... 刚做了某事，这时突然……
基础练透——单句语法填空①He was abut t g t schl ____ a strng wind began t blw．②The children ____________ (play) ftball n the playgrund when it began t rain．③She ____________ (finish) her hmewrk when her mther asked her t practise playing the pian yesterday．
were playing
had finished
能力迁移——同义句转换They were n the pint f giving up when the captain encuraged them fiercely t save the ship．④They ______________________ the captain encuraged them fiercely t save the ship．
were abut t give up when
1．In rder t ensure ur kids get the sleep they need, bth parents and schls shuld make an ______．2．The meeting ______________ and he set dwn many key pints．
rescue; damage; in shck; n hand; sweep away; cme t an end; as if; trap; in the pen air; effrt
came t an end
3．All their attempts t ______ the child frm the burning building were in vain．4．Sme peple wrried that the rapid develpment f turism might cause ______ t the lcal envirnment．5．Whether their wedding ceremny will be held _______________ tmrrw depends n the weather．6．The kids are very friendly with her and even lk up t her _____ she were their wn mther．
in the pen air
7．There are experts _______ t give yu all the help and advice yu need．8．I'm still ________ after hearing that bad news．9．In China, peple believe fire can __________ bad luck, s, red means gd luck．10．Firefighters had t break the dr dwn t reach the peple _______ inside．
Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity．_______2．(2021·全国乙卷)Fr the biggest stadiums in the wrld, we have used data supplied by the Wrld Atlas list s far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated infrmatin frm fficial stadium websites．_______
3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)The slutin, f curse, was t plant trees s the animals culd seek shelter during the daytime．_________4．(2020·天津卷7月)The deep, gentle vice helped calm the nervus girl．__________5．(2017·北京卷)Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic device (器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk．____________
Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2021·全国乙卷)Indeed, the researchers fund that face-t-face interactins and cnversatins affect the creative prcess, and yet a c-wrking space r a cffee shp prvides a certain level f nise while als prviding freedm frm interruptins．__A．vt．影响 B．vt．(疾病)侵袭 C．vt．深深打动
2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The sn f a grcer, he'd spent the summers f his childhd delivering fd in Bernardsville, New Jersey．__A．v．发表 B．v．传达 C．v．递送
Ⅲ．完成句子 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Upn dashing twards the finishing line, a wave f thunderus applause __________．在冲向终点线时，雷鸣般的掌声如潮水般涌了进来。2．(2021·浙江卷6月写作)It seemed ____________________________________．好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
as if smething unpleasant
3．(2020·天津卷7月写作)It is true that we ______________________ frm time t time．Hwever, it is imprtant that we never lse the enthusiasm t keep n trying．确实我们有时可能遭受失败。然而，重要的是我们永远不要失去继续努力的热情。
may suffer frm failure
Ⅰ．单词拼写1．In spite f great _______ (努力), we failed t carry ut ur plans thrugh．2．T much drinking will d ______ (损害) t yur health; yu shuld take the dctr's advice．3．If yu are lst in the muntains, stay ____ (镇静的) in the face f darkness, lneliness and the unknwn．4．In rder t catch the bear, sme villagers set a ____ (陷阱) and cvered it with sme leaves．
5．A small plane _______ (碰撞) int a hillside five miles east f the city, killing all fur peple n bard． 6．The earthquake was s big that mst f the huses in the small village were cmpletely _________ (摧毁)．7．After learning that the bys had been lst fr almst 20 hurs, the plice sent ut a ______ (救援) team t lk fr them．8．The gvernment appealed t the Internatinal Red Crss t help the peple suffering frm the ______ (洪水)．
9．As far as I'm cncerned, fllwing thers' advice withut thinking will ______ (影响) ur wn decisin．10．They asked the little by t _____ (打扫) the rm clean．
Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．The accident caused 3 ______ (die) and 20 gt injured, which happened previus t his arrival there．2．It ______ (strike) me that playing against the ther team was a great mment fr all the girls n the team．3．Thugh the sldiers have been wrking fr fifteen hurs, they carry n lking fr _________ (survive) in ruins．
4．Training fr a marathn requires careful preparatin and gradually increases in the ______ (lng) f the runs．5．The cuntry is becming richer and mre ________ (pwer) than ever befre．6．What's mre, it is anther _________ (effect) way t deal with the prblem．7．I was having a discussin with my friend abut hw t imprve my English _____ my mther called me．
8．All the listeners were greatly _______ (shck) when they heard the terrible news n the radi．
Ⅲ．补全句子1．我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。(be ding ... when ...)I _____________________________________________ I heard a vice behind me．2．虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处很容易。(主语＋be＋adj．＋t d ... )While Li Ping is nt a talkative girl, she ________________________．
was lking at the phts n the nticebard when
is easy t get alng with
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