福建省厦门市2023届高三英语适应性检测（三模）试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省厦门市2023届高三英语适应性检测（三模）试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回，15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

厦门市2023届高中毕业班适应性检测
英语试题
本试卷分四部分。共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Which platform does the 10:40 train leave from?
A. Platform 2. B. Platform 3. C. Platform 5.
2. Why is Mike so happy?
A. He was admitted to college. B. He heard from his parents. C. He won a prize.
3. What time is the man’s appointment?
A. At 9:15. B. At 11:00. C. At 11:10.
4. What will the weather be like tomorrow?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Salesman and customer. C. Friends.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did Karen do during her trip?
A. She made some wine. B. She drank some wine. C. She bought some wine.
7. What does Karen think about her trip to Alabama?
A. Enjoyable. B. Awful. C. Boring.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman have to move?
A. The rent is too high.
B. The landlord is selling the place.
C. The construction noise is too loud.
9. Where might the woman stay for a while?
A. In her parents’. B. In a storeroom. C. In a hotel.
10. What docs the woman ask the man to do?
A. Pack her stuff. B. Look for a new place. C. Take care of her pet.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A history exam. B. Note-taking. C. A historical story.
12. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Use symbols. B. Add examples. C. Copy texts.
13. How many pages of notes did the woman take?
A. Two. B. Six. C. Seven.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does Andy probably do?
A. A tour guide. B. A writer. C. A pilot.
15. Which theme park has the most roller coasters in one park?
A. Cedar Point. B. Magic Kingdom. C. Lotte World.
16. What can people do in the parks in China soon?
A. Visit dinosaurs in the south.
B. Ride the highest roller coaster.
C. Watch animals at night.
17. Where does Andy plan to go this year?
A. Singapore. B. New York. C. China.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Gym members. B. Potential clients. C. Sports trainers.
19. What does the speaker suggest right after you sign up?
A. Talking to a specialist. B. Starting your training program. C. Going on a diet.
20. What is the advantage of this gym?
A. The classes are free. B. The services are better. C. The pool is always available.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Writing Contests of 2023





1. What do Weekly Writing Competition and Anthology Travel Writing Competition 2023 have in common?
A. No entry fee is required.
B. Local culture is the focus.
C. There is maximum word count for entries.
D One entry per person for each week is allowed.
2. What can be learned from Fiction Factory Flash Fiction?
A. Top prize winner will be awarded $300.
B. It is open to anyone from across the world.
C. Children’s stories on any theme are greatly appreciated.
D. Contest entries should be submitted before July 31, 2023.
3. Which contest suits you most if you are interested in climate crisis?
A. Weekly Writing Competition. B. Anthology Travel Writing Competition.
C. Fiction Factory Flash Fiction. D. Imagine 2200.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几个2023年最佳写作竞赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Weekly Writing Competition部分“700-1000 maximum word count for stories。 150 maximum lines for poetry.(故事的最大字数为700-1000。诗歌最多150行)”和Anthology Travel Writing Competition 2023部分中“Max 1000 words. (最多1000字)”可知，Weekly Writing Competition和Anthology Travel Writing Competition 2023都对最高字数有要求。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fiction Factory Flash Fiction部分“Deadline: July 31, 2023. (截止日期：2023年7月31日。)”可知，参赛作品应于2023年7月31日前提交。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Imagine 2200部分“Imagine 2200 is an invitation to writers from all over the globe to imagine a future in which solutions to the climate crisis flourish and help bring about radical improvements to our world. (《想象2200》邀请来自全球各地的作家想象一个未来，在这个未来，气候危机的解决方案蓬勃发展，并帮助我们的世界得到根本改善。)”可知，如果你对气候危机感兴趣，可以参加《想象2200》这个比赛。故选D。
B
Dressed in a shiny metallic suit, Katia Krafft’s small frame is overshadowed by the red curtain of molten rock that bursts from the ground before her. The dramatic moment was captured (捕捉) in a photo taken atop Iceland’s Krafla volcano in 1984, during the final breathing of a multi-year-long eruption. Looking at the image, one can almost feel the volcano’s heat, hear its roar, and sense Krafft’s heart pounding as the volcanologist does what she loves most: bearing witness to our planet’s strong anger.
Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology, studying the explosive peaks at a time when there were few women in the field. She was born in the Rhine valley of northeast France in 1942, curing the height of World War II. The chaotic human world drove both Katia and her husband, Maurice Krafft, also a volcanologist, to seek comfort in nature. The moment a volcano exploded, they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and mystery of each event.
The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and uncertainties of these disasters. It changed the ability to communicate volcano science. Their videos are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously. Yet the Kraffs didn’t live to see that eruption. The couple died less than two weeks earlier in Japan during a monstrous eruption, which claimed 41 other lives.
Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. She now studies the processes at work deep below the volcanic peaks.
4. What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A. The importance of volcanology. B. The damage of a volcanic eruption.
C. The difficulty of filming volcanoes. D. Katia Krafft’s passion for her work.
5. What can we know about the videos of explosive eruptions?
A. They prevented a natural disaster. B. They served as a warning in Japan.
C. They helped spread volcano science. D. They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption.
6. How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi?
A. Katia’s death made her restless. B. Katia helped her with her research.
C. Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. D. Katia taught her to make a documentary.
7. Which of the following best describes Katia Krafft?
A Creative and honest. B. Brave and enthusiastic.
C. Ambitious and outgoing. D. Determined and generous.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了法国火山学家Katia Krafft和丈夫一起一生追逐危险的活火山，留下的图像与影像帮助传播火山科学，并激励更多的人从事火山研究。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中“Dressed in a shiny metallic suit, Katia Krafft’s small frame is overshadowed by the red curtain of molten rock that bursts from the ground before her. The dramatic moment was captured (捕捉) in a photo taken atop Iceland’s Krafla volcano in 1984, during the final breathing of a multi-year-long eruption. (Katia Krafft穿着闪亮的金属套装，她矮小的身躯被眼前从地面迸射出来的红色熔岩幕遮住了。1984年，在冰岛克拉夫拉火山持续多年的喷发的最后一次呼吸中，这一戏剧性的时刻被拍了下来。看着这张照片，人们几乎可以感受到火山的热量，听到它的轰鸣声，并感觉到火山学家Krafft的心脏在跳动，她正在做她最喜欢的事情：见证我们星球的强烈愤怒。)”通过一张照片描述火山学家Katia Krafft在喷发的火山前的情景，研究活火山是Katia最喜欢的事情；由此可知，第一段通过对一张照片的描述告诉我们火山学家Katia Krafft对于研究活火山这一工作非常热爱。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and uncertainties of these disasters. It changed the ability to communicate volcano science. Their videos are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously. (Krafft夫妇用他们拍摄的火山爆炸性喷发视频来解释这些灾难的复杂风险和不确定性。它改变了火山科学交流的能力。他们的视频被认为是菲律宾官员认真对待1991年皮纳图博火山喷发警告信号的主要原因之一。)”可知，Krafft夫妇用拍摄的火山爆炸性喷发视频解释这些灾难的复杂风险和不确定性，帮助传播火山的科学知识。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. She now studies the processes at work deep below the volcanic peaks.( Katia对火山学的影响远远超出了她的死亡，并鼓励许多年轻女性研究我们这个不安分的星球。德国明斯特大学的博士后研究员Carla Tiraboschi说：“Katia Krafft肯定是我从事这项工作的原因。”Carla Tiraboschi第一次见到Katia是在一部纪录片中，当时她只有六七岁，从那以后就一直对火山着迷。她现在研究火山峰深处的工作过程。)”可知，Carla Tiraboschi受Katia Krafft的事迹的鼓舞，选择从事火山研究。故选C。
7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Looking at the image, one can almost feel the volcano’s heat, hear its roar, and sense Krafft’s heart pounding as the volcanologist does what she loves most: bearing witness to our planet’s strong anger. (看着这张照片，人们几乎可以感受到火山的热量，听到它的轰鸣声，并感觉到火山学家Krafft的心脏在跳动，她正在做她最喜欢的事情：见证我们星球的强烈愤怒。)”可知，研究活火山喷发是Krafft最喜欢的事情，结合第二段最后一句“The moment a volcano exploded, they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and mystery of each event.(火山爆发的那一刻，他们放下一切去分析和捕捉每一个事件的美丽和神秘。)”可知，研究火山喷发对于Krafft来说是重要的事情，由此可知，Krafft对于追逐研究危险的活火山充满热情；根据第二段中“Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology, studying the explosive peaks at a time when there were few women in the field. …The moment a volcano exploded, they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and mystery of each event.(Katia Krafft是一位无畏的火山学先驱，她在研究火山爆发高峰的时候，这个领域里几乎没有女性。……火山爆发的那一刻，他们放下一切去分析和捕捉每一个事件的美丽和神秘。)”以及第三段最后一句“Yet the Kraffs didn’t live to see that eruption. The couple died less than two weeks earlier in Japan during a monstrous eruption, which claimed 41 other lives.(然而，卡夫一家没能活着看到那次喷发。不到两周前，这对夫妇在日本的一次可怕的火山爆发中丧生，那次火山爆发夺去了另外41人的生命。)”可知，火山喷发非常危险，但是火山爆发的时候，Katia夫妇放下一切去研究和拍摄火山喷发，最后不幸在日本的一次火山喷发中死亡；由此可知，Katia对于研究活火山充满热情，面对火山喷发的危险勇敢无畏。因此，B选项“Brave and enthusiastic(勇敢且满腔热忱)”最适合描述Katia Krafft。故选B。
C
About 5,300 years ago, people from the grasslands of modern-day Russia and Ukraine expanded rapidly across Eurasia. Within a few centuries these “Yamnaya” left a lasting genetic mark on populations from central Europe to the Caspian Sea. Today, archaeologists call them “eastern cowboys” for their livestock herding (畜牧) and highly mobile lifestyle.
But one part of the classic cowboy picture was missing: horseback riding. Although cattle bones and solid carriages have been found in Yamnaya sites, horse bones are hard to find, and most archaeologists assumed people did not start to ride horses until at least 1,000 years later.
In a new study published in Science Advances, researchers say they’ve found the earliest evidence of horseback riding not in the bones of ancient horses, but in their Yamnaya riders. “Everyone has focused on horse remains to get an idea of early horse riding,” says co-author and University of Helsinki archaeologist Volker Heyd. “Our approach was to look at humans.”
The researchers looked at more than 150 bones unearthed in Romania, Hungary, and Bulgaria — the western frontier of Yamnaya expansion. The Yamnaya were well-fed, healthy, and tall; the chemical composition of their bones showed protein rich diets consistent with herding cattle and sheep. But the bones showed signs of distinctive wear and tear. They also showed thick spots on the leg bone consistent with lots of time spent on the horse back. Healed injuries matched the kinds of damage a kicking horse might cause, or what sports medicine doctors today see in riders thrown from their horses.
“In terms of trying to identify people riding horses, I think they’ve done the best job possible bioarchaeologically,” says bioarchaeologist Jane Buikstra. “That doesn’t mean it’s perfect, or convincing, ultimately.”
More samples — including horse bones with signs of riding, such as bit marks or back bone damage from the weight of a rider — would help make the case, says CU bioarchaeologist Lauren Hosek. What the group has found “is really interesting”, she says. “But there’s a lot more work to be done when the risks of drawing the final conclusion are as high as the earliest horse riding.”
8. Why are the archaeologists looking for the horse bones?
A. To prove the Yamnaya’s rapid expansion.
B. To confirm the Yamnaya’s herding variety.
C. To further understand the lifestyle of Yamnaya.
D. To trace the origin of the classic cowboy picture.
9. How is Volker Heyd’s research different from others?
A. It includes field trips. B. It focuses on human bones.
C. It is based on horse remains. D. It compares the compositions of bones.
10. What do we know about the Yamnaya from Paragraph 4?
A. Their bones bore the evidence of horse riding.
B. Many Yamnaya people died from horse kicks.
C. Their lifestyle of herding led to severe injuries.
D. They mainly lived in Romania, Hungary and Bulgaria.
11. What is Lauren Hosek’s attitude to the research findings?
A. Objective. B. Favorable.
C. Disapproving. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的考古研究从古代颜那亚骑手的骨头上，而非古代马的骨头上，发现了颜那亚人最早的骑马证据。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Volker Heyd所说的话“Everyone has focused on horse remains to get an idea of early horse riding (每个人都把注意力集中在马的遗骸上，以了解早期的骑马活动)”可知，考古学家寻找马骨是为了进一步了解颜那亚人的骑马活动，即他们的生活方式。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Volker Heyd所说的话“Our approach was to look at humans. (我们的方法是观察人类。)”可知，Volker Heyd的研究不同于其他研究的地方在于该研究从人类入手，专注于人类的骨头。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“But the bones showed signs of distinctive wear and tear. They also showed thick spots on the leg bone consistent with lots of time spent on the horse back. Healed injuries matched the kinds of damage a kicking horse might cause, or what sports medicine doctors today see in riders thrown from their horses. (但这些骨头显示出明显的磨损迹象。它们还展示了腿骨上的厚厚的斑点，这与在马背上待了很长时间一致。愈合的伤口与被马踢伤可能造成的伤害相匹配，或者与今天运动医学医生看到的骑手从马上摔下来的情况相匹配。)”可知，这些颜那亚骑手骨头上的情况与骑马活动及受伤的情况相匹配。由此可知，他们的骨头显示了骑马的痕迹。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What the group has found “is really interesting”, she says. “But there’s a lot more work to be done when the risks of drawing the final conclusion are as high as the earliest horse riding.” (她说，研究小组的发现“非常有趣”。“但是，当得出最终结论的风险与最早的骑马一样高时，还有很多工作要做。”)”可知，Lauren Hosek既肯定了该研究发现的价值，也提出了需要谨慎对待该研究发现，去开展更多的工作。由此推知，她对该研究发现的态度是客观的（objective）。故选A项。
D
The universe, with its countless stars and galaxies, can be visually impressive, especially when we use high-powered telescopes to peer beyond the range of human vision. But what if we could hear those objects as well? That may sound impossible at first — how can sound travel through the vacuum of space? Isn’t the universe silent?
Far from it, says Kim Arcand, an expert on data visualization at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Her team has found ways to strengthen distant sound waves that would otherwise be undetectable by human ears. They’ve also employed creative processing — taking visual data from infrared and X-ray telescopes and assigning notes to that data-to show celestial (天体的) phenomena via sounds. These “sonifications” (可听化) provide a new way for people to experience those awe-inspiring objects.
Arcand, working with colleagues at the Smithsonian, Harvard and NASA, together with a Canadian science outreach team called SYSTEM Sounds, has been making these custom-made audio tracks that bring celestial images to life. An obvious match-up is to pair brighter parts of an image with louder sounds or to present longer wavelengths of light with lower-pitched sounds, and shorter ones with higher-pitched. Now, many of the tracks can be heard on YouTube, paired up with the images that inspired them, 16 of those sonifications have been put into an album called Universal Harmonies, which will be available on CD and streaming platforms beginning March 10.
Aside from bringing science to a wider audience, Arcand also believes that sonification can bolster the science itself by allowing more people to contribute to our understanding of the universe. One of her goals, she says, is to show that “people who are blind or low-vision ... can also become part of the scientific enterprise.”
For University of Toronto astrophysicist Matt Russo, who runs SYSTEM Sounds together with musician Andrew Santaguida, sonification has been a chance to bring together his two great passions — astronomy and music. It’s both an art and a science. “It was just instantly obvious that it was fun and rewarding,” he says.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Patterns of sound waves. B. Advantages of visualization.
C. Processes of data analysis. D. Approaches to sonifications.
13. How did Arcand’s team turn the images of universe into sounds?
A. By uploading images onto streaming platforms.
B. By pairing images with sounds through creative technology.
C. By identifying and connecting different sound waves.
D. By processing audio data with the help of SYSTEM Sounds.
14. What does the underlined word “bolster” probably mean in paragraph 4?
A. Support. B. Prove. C. Mirror. D. Lead.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. How Does Sound Come into Being? B. What Does the Universe Sound Like?
C. Universe: The Mystery Uncovered D. SYSTEM Sounds: A Pioneer in Space
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有无数恒星和星系的宇宙在视觉上给人留下了深刻的印象，尤其是当我们使用高倍望远镜观察人类视觉范围之外的事物时。但如果我们也能听到这些物体呢？史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德和她的团队采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和X射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Far from it, says Kim Arcand, an expert on data visualization at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Her team has found ways to strengthen distant sound waves that would otherwise be undetectable by human ears. They’ve also employed creative processing — taking visual data from infrared and X-ray telescopes and assigning notes to that data-to show celestial (天体的) phenomena via sounds. These “sonifications” (可听化) provide a new way for people to experience those awe-inspiring objects.”（史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德说，事实远非如此。她的团队已经找到了增强人类耳朵无法探测到的远距离声波的方法。他们还采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和x射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。）可知，第二段的主要讲的是可听化的方法。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“An obvious match-up is to pair brighter parts of an image with louder sounds or to present longer wavelengths of light with lower-pitched sounds, and shorter ones with higher-pitched.”（一种明显的匹配方法是将图像中较亮的部分与较响的声音配对，或者将波长较长的光与较低的声音配对，将波长较短的光与较高的声音配对。）可知，阿坎德的团队通过创造性的技术将图像与声音配对将宇宙的图像转化为声音的。故选B项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Aside from bringing science to a wider audience,”（除了将科学带给更广泛的受众之外……）以及划线单词句中“…by allowing more people to contribute to our understanding of the universe.”（让更多的人为我们对宇宙的理解做出贡献）可推知，此处为声音化可以让更多的人为我们对宇宙的理解做出贡献，从而加强科学本身。故可猜测划线单词bolster为“加强，支持”的意思，结合选项A项Support“支持”意思一致。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍史密森天体物理天文台的数据可视化专家金·阿坎德和她的团队采用了创造性的处理方法——从红外和X射线望远镜中获取视觉数据，并对这些数据进行注释——通过声音来展示天体现象。这些“声音”为人们体验这些令人敬畏的物体提供了一种新的方式。结合第一段中“But what if we could hear those objects as well? That may sound impossible at first — how can sound travel through the vacuum of space? Isn’t the universe silent?”（但如果我们也能听到这些物体呢？这听起来似乎不可能——声音怎么能在真空的太空中传播呢？难道宇宙不是寂静的吗？）可知，B项“宇宙的声音是怎样的？”适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Eating too much salt is one of the causes of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, which kills an estimated 17.9 million people each year, according to the WHO. ____16____.
Most people in the world consume about 10.8 grams of salt a day more than double the level recommended by both the WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. While salt is an essential nutrient, sodium (钠), accounting for 40 percent of it, narrows and hardens blood vessels (血管). ____17____. In fact, many health organizations suggest that consumers dramatically reduce their sodium intake.
Rather than salt from a shaker in the kitchen, the majority of sodium consumed by most Americans comes from packaged and prepared foods. ____18____. Part of the reason is that years of adding too much salt to foods has reduced people’s taste sensitivity. “They don’t want to take the initiative to reduce sodium if there’s a competitor that has a higher content of salt.” the WHO’s Branca said.
____19____. They are demanded to improve public awareness around the dangers of an overly salty diet and force food producers to reduce salt levels through legal standards. The FDA also announces that it plans to change the rules for nutrition labels on food packages to indicate that they are “healthy.”
The benefits of reducing salt intake begin relatively rapidly. Blood pressure starts falling within weeks for most people. ____20____. “Your tongues will adjust to a reduction in salt, and you’ll be able to better taste the other flavors,” said Branca.
A. Sensitivity to salt returns soon.
B. That’s why they expect a certain amount of salt.
C. Just consume no more than a teaspoon of salt a day.
D. The U.N.’s health agency is calling on governments to take action.
E. If more salt is kept in the body, it slowly puts up the blood pressure.
F. It can also lead to brain attacks and other serious medical conditions.
G. Food producers continue to add so much salt despite the known health risks.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了食盐过多对健康的危害及各国政府针对减少盐摄入量采取的一些措施。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Eating too much salt is one of the causes of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, which kills an estimated 17.9 million people each year, according to the WHO. (据世界卫生组织统计，食盐过多是导致心血管疾病的原因之一，据估计每年有1790万人死于这种疾病。)”可知，上文告诉我们食盐过多的危害，会导致心血管疾病，F项意为“它还可能导致脑部攻击和其他严重的医疗状况。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了食盐过多会导致的其他疾病。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“While salt is an essential nutrient, sodium (钠), accounting for 40 percent of it, narrows and hardens blood vessels (血管). (虽然盐是一种必需的营养素，但占其中40%的钠会使血管变窄和硬化。)”可知，上文告诉我们盐中的钠会使血管变窄和硬化，E项意为“如果体内摄入更多的盐，就会慢慢升高血压。”选项能够承接上文，盐中的钠会使血管变窄和硬化，如果摄入更多的盐，血管变窄和硬化的情况加重，就会慢慢升高血压。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Rather than salt from a shaker in the kitchen, the majority of sodium consumed by most Americans comes from packaged and prepared foods. (大多数美国人摄入的大部分钠来自包装和预制食品，而不是厨房里作料瓶里的盐。)”可知，上文告诉我们美国人摄入的大部分钠来自包装和预制食品，G项意为“尽管存在已知的健康风险，食品生产商仍继续添加如此多的盐。”选项能够承接上文，食品生产在知道健康风险下，仍继续添加大量的盐，因此包装和预制食品中含有大量的盐，且能引起下文，下文介绍了为什么食品生产商要添加大量的盐。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“They are demanded to improve public awareness around the dangers of an overly salty diet and force food producers to reduce salt levels through legal standards. (他们被要求提高公众对过咸饮食危险的认识，并迫使食品生产商通过法律标准降低盐含量。)”可知，上文告诉我们有关部门对减少盐摄入量采取的一些措施，D项意为“联合国卫生机构呼吁各国政府采取行动。”选项能够引起下文，联合国卫生机构呼吁各国政府采取行动，下文介绍的正是各国政府采取的措施。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The benefits of reducing salt intake begin relatively rapidly. Blood pressure starts falling within weeks for most people. (减少盐摄入量的好处开始得相对较快。大多数人的血压在几周内开始下降。)”可知，上文介绍的是减少盐摄入量的好处，A项意为“对盐的敏感性很快就会恢复。”选项能够承接上文，介绍的也是减少盐摄入量的好处，这会让你很快恢复对盐的敏感性。故选A。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Earlier this year, I moved into a suburb of Atlanta. I decided to ____21____ the area on foot. On my walks, as I admired the range of residential ____22____, I also admired another type of house: Little Free Libraries. I’d seen them all over Atlanta and ____23____ it’d be fun to build my own, but when I looked at the website’s official map, it turned out there were already a handful nearby. ____24____, I decided to seek each of them out.
I’ve since found six sites of these free book ____25____. Without them, I would never have been able to “meet” people in my community. I quickly ____26____ my neighbors’ reading tastes, sorting through their small boxes of books. Each library is unique and shows the ____27____ of the person who built it, with ____28____ colors and designs. These Little Free Libraries are also the perfect way to ____29____ conversations with strangers.
Since the pandemic began, Little Free Libraries have become a lifeline for many. They don’t _____30_____ social distancing and everything is on an honor system. People _____31_____ a book in exchange and some libraries have even become _____32_____ food pantries (食品储藏柜) for people in need. In all the _____33_____ they’ve taken on, these libraries have brought people together in a sense, especially when it feels like everything is trying to _____34_____ us. Beyond conversation starters and personality _____35_____, Little Free Libraries find common ground — a precious thing, pandemic or not.
21. A. explore B. search C. measure D. clean
22. A. district B. setting C. development D. architecture
23. A. promised B. explained C. thought D. proved
24. A. Secretly B. Fortunately C. Naturally D. Cautiously
25. A. exchanges B. giveaways C. reservations D. publications
26. A. corrected B. learned C. improved D. satisfied
27. A. appearance B. expression C. health D. personality
28. A. standard B. ordinary C. varying D. new
29. A. go on with B. strike up C. break in on D. act out
30. A. require B. permit C. deserve D. guarantee
31. A. leave B. order C. edit D. write
32. A. fancy B. traditional C. private D. temporary
33. A. subjects B. burdens C. forms D. risks
34. A. inform B. persuade C. surprise D. divide
35. A. balancers B. indicators C. testers D. separators
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者搬到一个新地方后，发现了小型免费图书馆自疫情开始以来，成为许多人的生命线。从某种意义上说，这些图书馆以各种形式把人们聚集在一起，尤其是当一切都在试图分裂我们的时候。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定徒步探索这个地区。A. explore探索；B. search寻找；C. measure测量；D. clean清理。根据上文“I moved into a suburb of Atlanta.”以及该句中的“the area on foot.”可知，作者新搬到一个地方，所以决定徒步探索这个地区。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：散步时，我欣赏着这里各式各样的住宅建筑，同时也欣赏着另一种类型的房子：小型免费图书馆。A. district地区；B. setting环境，场合；C. development发展；D. architecture建筑。根据下文“I also admired another type of house”可知，作者散步时，欣赏着这里各式各样的住宅建筑。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在亚特兰大到处都见过这样的房子，我想自己建一个应该很有趣，但当我查看网站的官方地图时，发现附近已经有一些了。A. promised承诺；B. explained解释；C. thought认为，想；D. proved证明。根据上文“I’d seen them all over Atlanta”以及该句中的“it’d be fun to build my own”可推知，此处为作者在亚特兰大到处都见过这样的房子，想自己建一个应该很有趣。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然，我决定把它们一个个都找出来。A. Secretly秘密地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Cautiously小心翼翼地。根据上文“it turned out there were already a handful nearby.”以及下文“I’ve since found six sites of these free book ____5____. ”结合语境可知，此处为作者自然地想把它们一个个都找出来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我找到了6个这样的免费图书交换点。A. exchanges交换；B. giveaways赠品；C. reservations预定；D. publications出版物。根据下文“People ____11____ a book in exchange”可知，此处为作者找到了6个这样的免费图书交换点。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快就了解了邻居们的阅读品味，整理了他们的小盒子里的书。A. corrected改正；B. learned了解；C. improved提高；D. satisfied满足。根据该句中的“my neighbors’ reading tastes,”以及下文“sorting through their small boxes of books.”可推知，此处为作者很快就了解了邻居们的阅读品味，整理了他们的小盒子里的书。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个图书馆都是独一无二的，用不同的颜色和设计展示了建造它的人的个性。A. appearance外观；B. expression表达方式；C. health健康；D. personality个性。根据句意以及该句中的“of the person who built it”可知，此处为用不同的颜色和设计展示了建造它的人的个性。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个图书馆都是独一无二的，用不同的颜色和设计展示了建造它的人的个性。A. standard标准的；B. ordinary普通的；C. varying不同的；D. new新的。根据句意以及该句中的“Each library is unique and shows the personality of the person who built it”可知，此处为每个图书馆都是独一无二的，用不同的颜色和设计展示了建造它的人的个性。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些免费的小图书馆也是与陌生人交谈的完美方式。A. go on with继续；B. strike up开始（谈话、友谊等）；C. break in on打断，闯入；D. act out付诸行动。根据该句中的“conversations with strangers.”可知，此处为这些免费的小图书馆也是与陌生人交谈的完美方式。strike up开始（谈话、友谊等）：开始与某人交谈或建立友谊。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不需要保持社交距离，一切都是基于荣誉制度。A. require要求；B. permit允许；C. deserve值得；D. guarantee保证。根据下文“and everything is on an honor system.”可推知，此处为他们不需要保持社交距离，一切都是基于荣誉制度。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们留下一本书作为交换，一些图书馆甚至成为有需要的人的临时食品储藏室。A. leave留下；B. order订购；C. edit编辑；D. write写。根据句意和常识以及该句中的“in exchange”可知，此处为人们留下一本书作为交换。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们留下一本书作为交换，一些图书馆甚至成为有需要的人的临时食品储藏室。A. fancy花俏的；B. traditional传统的；C. private私人的；D. temporary临时的。根据句意以及该句中的“food pantries for people in need.”结合各个选项意思可知，此处为一些图书馆甚至成为有需要的人的临时食品储藏室。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，这些图书馆以各种形式把人们聚集在一起，尤其是当一切都在试图分裂我们的时候。A. subjects主题；B. burdens负担；C. forms形式；D. risks冒险。根据下文“these libraries have brought people together in a sense”可推知，此处为从某种意义上说，这些图书馆以各种形式把人们聚集在一起。故选C项。
34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，这些图书馆以各种形式把人们聚集在一起，尤其是当一切都在试图分裂我们的时候。A. inform通知；B. persuade劝服；C. surprise使惊讶；D. divide分开。根据上文“Since the pandemic began, Little Free Libraries have become a lifeline for many.”提到的疫情，以及上一句提到的这些图书馆以各种形式把人们聚集在一起，可知，此处为这些图书馆以各种形式把人们聚集在一起，尤其是当一切都在试图分裂我们的时候。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了开场白和个性指标，小小的免费图书馆能找到共同点——这是一件宝贵的事情，不管是否疫情。A. balancers 平衡器；B. indicators指标；C. testers测试人员；D. separators分隔符。根据上文“shows the personality of the person who built it, with varying colors and designs.”用不同的颜色和设计展示了建造它的人的个性。可推知，此处指的是个性指标。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, shared vegetable plots (地块) have been appearing in Shanghai’s suburban districts as more white-collar workers turn to farming to relax and escape the pressures of city life.
Among these individuals ____36____(be) Yang Rui, who, on weekends, drives his family from their home in downtown to the All-Happy City, ____37____ shared ecological farm in Minhang, where he has rented a 20-square-meter vegetable plot for 1,600 yuan per year. The family tends carrots, lettuce and other vegetables they have planted. When they aren’t around during the week, ____38____(professional) take over the work and perform whatever chores ____39____(need).
This farm has about 200 members, some of ____40____ even raise chickens and ducks that wander in the fields.
____41____(found) by Chen Yougui in October, the shared farm has an area of 13.33 hectares ____42____ comes with shared vegetable plots and leisure areas. According to Chen, the monitoring system ____43____(cover) the entire farmland allows members to view their vegetables and fields remotely through their phones. The farm also uses technology to ensure that the chickens and ducks raised ____44____ customers don’t go missing or end up in someone else’s plot — each animal comes with its own QR code.
Chen notes that many of his customers are parents who rent plots _____45_____(primary) to teach their kids about science and nature and how farming works.
【答案】36. is 37. a
38. professionals
39. are needed
40. whom 41. Founded
42. and 43. covering
44. by 45. primarily
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章从客户和创建人两个角度切入，报导了上海郊区的一家共享生态农场的运作情况。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：杨锐就是这些人中的一员，每逢周末，他都会开车带着家人从市中心的家到闵行的共享生态农场“欢乐城”，在那里他以每年1600元的价格租了一块20平方米的菜地。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，句子在描述通常性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时，介词短语Among these individuals置于句首，引起全部倒装，主语为Yang Rui，be动词应用is。故填is。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：杨锐就是这些人中的一员，每逢周末，他都会开车带着家人从市中心的家到闵行的一家共享生态农场“欢乐城”，在那里他以每年1600元的价格租了一块20平方米的菜地。结合句意可推知，此处表示“闵行的一家共享生态农场”，表示泛指，空处意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且shared以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：一周中他们不在身边的时候，专业人士会接手工作，做任何需要做的杂务。根据谓语动词“take”和“perform”可推知，主句主语是复数，空处应用可数名词professional“专业人士”的复数形式professionals。故填professionals。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一周中他们不在身边的时候，专业人士会接手工作，做任何需要做的杂务。分析句子可知，空处作whatever引导的宾语从句的谓语，结合主句take和perform的时态可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，need“需要”和主语chores之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用are。故填are needed。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个农场大约有200名成员，其中一些人甚至养了鸡和鸭，在田野里游荡。分析句子可知，空处和some of搭配，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词members作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作of的宾语，应用关系代词whom作引导词。故填whom。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个共享农场由陈友贵于去年10月创立，占地13.33公顷，包括共享菜地和休闲区。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的伴随状语，found“创立”和the shared farm逻辑上是被动关系，应用found的过去分词形式founded，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Founded。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：这个共享农场由陈友贵于去年10月创建，占地13.33公顷，包括共享菜地和休闲区。分析句子可知，空处连接前后两个谓语部分has…和comes with…，两者之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据陈说，覆盖整个农田的监控系统允许成员通过手机远程查看他们的蔬菜和田地。分析句子可知，空处作the monitoring system的后置定语，是非谓语动词，cover“覆盖”和the monitoring system逻辑上是主动关系，且结合句意可知，动作在进行中，应用cover的现在分词形式covering。故填covering。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：该农场还使用技术来确保客户饲养的鸡鸭不会丢失或最终落在别人的土地上——每只动物都有自己的二维码。根据“the chickens and ducks raised”和“customers”可推知，此处表示“由客户饲养的鸡鸭”，customers是raised动作的执行者，空处应用介词by，意为“由，被”。故填by。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：陈注意到，他的许多客户都是父母，他们租用土地主要是为了教孩子科学和自然，以及农业是如何运作的。分析句子可知，空处修饰不定式短语to teach…，应用primary的副词形式primarily，意为“主要地”。故填primarily。
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，为迎接世界献血日，你校将组织相关活动。请你拟一则通知，内容包括：
1. 活动时间与地点：6月14日 (星期三)上午9点至11 点，学校体育馆;
2. 活动内容：看宣传片、听讲座、献血登记和采集;
3. 有关提醒。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
World Blood Donor Day Activity Notice
Dear all,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear all,
Our school will hold activities to celebrate World Blood Donor Day on June 14th from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. at the school gym.
The event includes watching videos, listening to lectures, and on-site registration and collection of blood. Participants must be healthy and over 18 years old, and bring their ID card and blood donation certificate (if any). Please complete the questionnaire and have a physical examination before donating, and rest well after donation. Let’s work together to contribute to society and help those in need. We hope to see you there!
Best regards,
Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，为迎接世界献血日，你校将组织相关活动。请你拟一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
健康的：healthy→fit
包括：include→cover
帮助：help→assist
希望：hope→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Let’s work together to contribute to society and help those in need.
拓展句： Let’s work together to contribute to society and help those who are in need.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The event includes watching videos, listening to lectures, and on-site registration and collection of blood.（运用了动名词作宾语）
【高分句型2】Let’s work together to contribute to society and help those in need. （运用了不定式作目的状语）

第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the longest heat wave anyone could remember, and Sebastian couldn’t wait to cool off at the beach with his dad. Before heading out of town, they stopped at the library and dropped off a few books.
Sebastian noticed a crew working on the library roof. He asked Dad what they were doing. Dad explained that they were repairing the roof, a difficult job he had done himself for a few years.
It was then that an idea flashed into Sebastian’s head: I bet they could use some water. But the idea disappeared just as quickly as the scenery passing by his window, and his thoughts turned to swimming.
The waves were perfect for bodyboarding, and a sea breeze cooled the air. But all too soon they were headed home, back to the heat. Sebastian was half listening to the radio when the DJ gave the weather report, “The record-breaking heat will continue throughout the afternoon,” she said. “If you have to be outside, remember to hydrate (补水) and stay in the shade.”
When they drove by the library, the roofers were still working and the sun was beating down on them. Sebastian wondered whether they have enough water. Sebastian had just finished two weeks of soccer camp, and even with frequent water breaks, it had been miserably hot. It made him think again about taking some water to the roofers. So he shared the idea with his brother, Marcos. Marcos shrugged. “You don’t even know those guys. They’ve probably gone home already anyway.”
Maybe Marcos was right Sebastian walked to the end of his driveway, where he could get a view of the library. But the roofers were still there, and the sun was still broiling (酷热的). Sebastian didn’t see any coolers or jugs anywhere. Then he told Dad, “I really think they need some water.” A look of concern came over Dad’s face. He picked up his car keys, saying “I think you’re right. It’s only going to get hotter.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Sebastian stuffed a bag with water bottles and got into the car with his dad.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“It was all his idea,” dad smiled, nodding at Sebastian.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Sebastian stuffed a bag with water bottles and got into the car with his dad. As they drove to the library, Sebastian nervously approached the roofers and offered the water. A man got down the ladder and held the bag open for the others to see, signaling them to come into the shade for a water break. The roofers looked surprised but grateful. As they passed around the bottles and opened them, one crew member asked, “How do you guys know we have run out of water?”
“It was all his idea,” dad smiled, nodding at Sebastian. Sebastian didn’t know how to respond. But the crew’s smiles said it all. Having finished their water, the roofers put the empty bottles back into the bag. They thanked Sebastian and his dad again and waved them goodbye as they drove away. Arriving home, Dad praised Sebastian for his kindheartedness. A simple act made Sebastian feel good. He tossed the empties into the recycling bin. Then he poured two big glasses of cold water, one for himself and one for his dad.
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了在炎热的季节里，塞巴斯蒂安和爸爸一起去海滩上避暑，途径图书馆，塞巴斯蒂安注意到有工人在图书馆屋顶上工作，他认为天气很热，工人们会需要一些水。回来的路上，他注意到工人仍在工作，他考虑给他们送一些水，他和爸爸说了自己的想法，爸爸同意他的意见。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“塞巴斯蒂安把一个袋子塞满水瓶，和他爸爸一起上了车。”可知，第一段可描写塞巴斯蒂安给工人们送水的过程及工人们的反应。
②由第二段首句内容““这都是他的主意，”爸爸微笑着对塞巴斯蒂安点点头。”可知，第二段可描写经过这件事后，塞巴斯蒂安的感受。
2.续写线索：给工人们送水——工人们的反应——工人们表示感谢——塞巴斯蒂安和父亲离开——塞巴斯蒂安的感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer/provide
②用完：run out of/use up
③扔：toss/throw
情绪类
①焦急地：nervously/anxiously
②惊讶的：surprised/amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. As they drove to the library, Sebastian nervously approached the roofers and offered the water. （由As引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. As they passed around the bottles and opened them, one crew member asked, “How do you guys know we have run out of water?”（由As引导的时间状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CACAB 6-10 BABAC 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CCBAB