还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
- 阅读理解热点话题综合练习08-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题） 试卷 1 次下载
- 阅读理解热点话题综合练习之旅游专题备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题） 试卷 0 次下载
- 阅读理解热点话题综合练习之人工智能机器人ChatGPT专题-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题） 试卷 0 次下载
- 阅读理解热点话题综合练习之外国节日专题-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题） 试卷 1 次下载
- 阅读理解热点话题综合练习之中国传统节日-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题） 试卷 1 次下载
阅读理解热点话题综合练习 之著名人物专题-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）
展开
这是一份阅读理解热点话题综合练习 之著名人物专题-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题），共21页。
备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练
著名人物
（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary(普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield(产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capital income(人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties (县) and 128,000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s.
1．What does the underlined word “convinced” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．提醒
2．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text?
A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges.
C．He did two things to help the villagers. D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
3．What’s the right structure(结构) of the text?（①=Paragraph 1)
A． B． C． D．
4．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph?
A．To praise the spirit of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of lighting against poverty.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital income in the village was more than￥500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021. Yuan had spent his whole life doing research on rice. Now about one fifth of rice around the world comes from the hybrid rice he developed.
In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University and began his special connection with rice. In the 1970s, he developed the hybrid rice that recorded a high yearly yield(年产量), 20% higher than traditional rice. That meant it could feed another 70 million people a year.
After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world. Since the 1980s, Yuan’s team has offered training courses in many countries. He was given the World Food Prize in 2004.
In 2017, he helped develop indica rice(籼稻) for areas where there is heavy metal pollution. During his lifetime, Yuan was always driven by his dream to better feed China and the world. For his great achievements, Yuan was given the Medal of the Republic, the highest honor in China, in 2019.
On hearing the news of his death, large crowds of people came to the hospital in Changsha to see him off, calling out words such as, “Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”
6．How old was Yuan when he went to Southwest University?
A．19. B．30. C．49. D．70.
7．The underlined word “famine” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．污染 B．饥荒 C．战火 D．病毒
8．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To explain why people went to see him off. B．To encourage people to learn from the scientist.
C．To show people’s deep sadness for Yuan’s death. D．To call on people to remember the great scientist.
9．The passage may come from ________.
A．a diary B．a news report C．a storybook D．a travel magazine
（2022·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·统考中考真题）My name is Al. When I was a young boy, I didn’t fit in with the other kids. I felt different. Some kids made fun of me.
I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me. My mind wandered, and I couldn’t pay attention to what the teacher said. In fact, some teachers thought I might never graduate(毕业).
While other kids lived for gym class, I hated it. I didn’t see the point in the games the kids played.
Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life. I was looking at a compass (指南针) and thought, “Why does that little needle (针) always know where north is?” It may seem silly now, but at that time, it made me take a second look at this thing I had seen many times before. I asked the simple question, “Why?”
I started to read about it and in doing so, I found that physics was really interesting to me. I started borrowing books from school and learning the math behind common things of everyday life.
I started catching up with my classmates. Soon, I was beyond them. By the end of high school, I was far ahead of my teachers.
I got a job at an office. In my spare time, I worked on my ideas. I sent these ideas to a university. The university told me that I had come up with something very important.
Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently. Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe.
It all started that day when I looked at something I had seen many times and asked the question, “Why?”
You may know me. My name is Al… Albert Einstein.
10．Why did Al have a hard time when he was young?
A．He spent too much time playing with other kids.
B．He was one of the most difficult students in his class.
C．He didn’t find anything he was really interested in.
D．He failed to graduate from the school.
11．What helped Al out of the hard situation?
A．The encouragement from his classmates and teachers.
B．The fact of asking the simple question, “Why?”
C．The experience of having a gym class.
D．The strong will of entering a famous university.
12．What does “they” refer to in Paragraph 8?
A．The questions. B．The games. C．Some books. D．Al’s ideas.
13．What can we mainly learn from Al’s story?
A．No pain, no gain. B．Every dog has its day.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．Interest and thinking make great minds.
（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）In 2003, China sent its first astronaut (宇航员), Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, 13 Chinese astronauts have “reached for stars”. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are three of them. They just finished the Shenzhou XIII mission (任务). Have you ever thought of becoming an astronaut like them?
To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight and a strong heart are important. You’d better not have other small problems, like a decayed tooth (蛀牙).
You’ll start hard training when you become a backup (后备) astronaut. For example, you need to do a lot of running, swimming and pull-ups. You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for 6 or 7 hours without eating or going to the toilet.
Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, physics and many more. So they will know what to do during the mission.
14．Who was the first astronaut in China?
A．Zhai Zhigang. B．Ye Guangfu. C．Yang Liwei. D．Wang Yaping.
15．How is the training of the astronauts according to the writer?
A．Difficult. B．Comfortable. C．Relaxing. D．Boring.
16．Why do astronauts have to take 60 courses?
A．To keep fit. B．To learn English well.
C．To become more humorous. D．To know what to do during the mission.
17．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．Why astronauts should be healthy. B．How you can become an astronaut.
C．What courses astronauts should take. D．Where Chinese astronauts are trained.
（2022春·山东菏泽·九年级统考期中）Eileen Gu Wins Gold for China, Breaking World Record in Women’s Freeski Big Air
BEIJING, February 8 (TMTPOST) —Eileen Gu won China’s third gold medal and her first gold medal of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games on Tuesday.
Gu, who is only 18 years old, secured her top position at the women’s big air competition with her third run, scoring 94.5 with a 1620 and a perfect landing. Her total score reached 188.25, narrowly beating France’s Tess Ledeux, who took silver with a score of 187.50. Switzerland’s Mathilde Gremaud won the bronze.
“That was the best moment of my life. The happiest moment, day, whatever-of my life. I just cannot believe what just happened,” said Gu after her overpowering and overwhelming triumph. “Even if I didn’t land it, I felt it would send a message out to the world and hopefully encourage more girls to break their own boundaries.”
“That was my biggest goal going into my last run. I reminded myself to have fun and enjoy the moment and that, no matter what, I was so grateful to even have this opportunity to even be here,” GU said.
Gu has become an Olympic sensation as her Chinese fans celebrated her victory on social media.
Gu’s commercial value was already detected by brands. The 18-year-old athlete is a brand ambassador for over 20 brands, including Faction Skis, Anta, Mengniu, Oakley, Beats by Dre, GOSKI, SKSHU Paint, Bank of China, China Mobile, Louis Vuitton, BY-Health and Luckin Coffee.
Born in 2003, Eileen Feng Gu, also known as Gu Ailing, is a American-Chinese freestyle skier in halfpipe, slopestyle, and big air events. She began to compete for China in 2019.
18．Who got the gold medal in Women’s Freeski Big Air?
A．Gu Ailing. B．Tess Ledeux. C．Mathilde Gremaud.
19．How did Gu feel after her overpowering and overwhelming triumph?
A．Grateful. B．Nervous. C．Excited.
20．What do you know about Xingdu JF Dry Ski Four Season Resort?
A．The women’s big air competition was held there.
B．Gu trained there before going to the Winter Games.
C．It is a platform for online booking and tourism service.
21．Where does this passage probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A science book. C．A website.
（2023·安徽宿州·统考一模）“She got a beautiful eye, walk in a line, smile with her type…” Everyone is surprised that this original（原创的）English song, She, was written by a 15-year-old girl in only 30 minutes.
Zhang Yuxuan, better known as Vicky Xuanxuan on social media, is under the spotlight（聚光灯）for her music.
“I have never thought the song She would be so popular,” says Zhang, a middle school student from Shenzhen. “A melody（曲调）suddenly came into my mind when I was having a math class. I quickly wrote the melody and a few lyrics down on my notebook. After class, I rushed home and took less than half an hour to finish the song.”
Now Zhang is studying to become a professional violin player. She has won awards in some international competitions. “I have professional music lessons and they have helped me a lot in my composing（作曲）,” she mentions.
After being so popular, Zhang has received many invitations to all kinds of shows but she has refused them. She says she still needs to put her studies first.
“I like to try all kinds of styles. I expect to pay more attention to country and folk styles,” says Zhang. Her dream is to go to one of the world’s top music schools like the Berklee College of Music in Boston.
“I still have a lot to learn. I hope I can become a great songwriter and work with the musicians I like,” she says.
22．How long did Zhang Yuxuan spend in writing the song She?
A．15 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．50 minutes.
23．Where did Zhang Yuxuan begin to write the song She?
A．At school. B．At home. C．In the park. D．In the library.
24．What does the underlined word “them” refer to（指的是）?
A．The competitions. B．The invitations. C．The studies. D．The players.
25．What is the best title（标题）for the text?
A．The greatest songwriter B．A professional violin player
C．A music teacher D．A young songwriter
（2022春·江苏淮安·九年级统考期中）You might have heard of Bear Grylls. He is a famous traveller from the UK. He likes to travel to beautiful and dangerous places around the world. But more than 400 years ago in China, there was a traveller even cooler than Bear Grylls. He spent 30 years travelling across China. His name was Xu Xiake.
Where did Xu go?
Xu travelled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and found more than 350 caves. ① He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves(喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he first found out the Yangtze River’s headwater.
Xu travelled mostly on foot. He often slept and ate in the wild. On his way, he was robbed (被抢劫) three times. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But he never gave up and enjoyed his journey. ②
How did Xu start his journey?
Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. ③
At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials(官员). But Xu’s father never made him take any exams. Instead, he encouraged(鼓励) his son to go outside and find out the new world. Xu began his journey when he was about 20 years old.④
Xu’s travel notes
Xu always kept a diary while travelling. The Travel Diary of Xu Xiake is still popular among people today.
26．How many “first things” did Xu do?
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
27．Where can the sentence “He decided to see them when he grew up.”be put?
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
28．Which of the following is TRUE about Xu Xiake?
A．He was Bear’s good friend.
B．He hoped to be an official.
C．He started travelling at the age of about 20.
D．He rode horses to travel around China.
29．What can be the best title of this passage?
A．A World-famous Diary B．A Cool Chinese Traveller
C．Xu Xiake’s Special Journey D．The Trip to Big Mountains
（2022春·湖南长沙·九年级长沙市雅礼实验中学校考开学考试）Being a mother, daughter and wife, Dr. Chen Wei is a female general in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. As a 54-year-old researcher at the Institute of Military Medicine, she has made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research and development of vaccine(疫苗). Because of her great work, Dr. Chen was given the title “the People’s Hero”.
On January 26, Chen arrived in Wuhan to work on vaccine development. She cut her black hair short for the convenience of working in a protective suit. After months of lab research and the front-line fight against the virus, some of her hair turned grey. And almost 50 days later, the first vaccine was ready for testing.
From SARS and Ebola to COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent half of her life fighting against deadly viruses. When SARS broke out in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team tried their best to find out the cause of the disease. She once spent 6-8 hours a day working in a sterilized lab (无菌实验室). The team finally developed the nasal spray which helped protect thousands of people. In 2014, they succeeded in developing a vaccine for Ebola, a deadly virus spreading across Africa.
“I’m a person in uniform. Putting on the uniform means all of these are my jobs. I would like to give my all to the lab, to bring hopes for people living in virus-stricken areas,” said Dr. Chen in an interview. According to Dr. Chen, our world will be much more wonderful if we bring warmth to others.
30．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．There are three people in Dr. Chen’s family.
B．Dr. Chen is a 53-year-old researcher at the Institute of Military Medicine.
C．Dr. Chen got the title “the People’s Hero” because of her great work.
31．Why did Dr. Chen cut her hair short?
A．Because it turned grey. B．Because it grew too long. C．Because it got in the way of her work.
32．Which of the following statements is true?
A．There is no vaccine for Ebola.
B．Dr. Chen helped fight against the SARS and Ebola.
C．Dr. Chen finally found the cause of SARS by herself.
33．What do Dr. Chen’s words mainly tell us?
A．She is never satisfied with her job.
B．She will visit virus-stricken areas in the future.
C．She would like to help more people in need.
34．Where might the passage be found?
A．In a newspaper. B．In a guide book. C．In a science fiction book.
（2022春·广东广州·九年级广州大学附属中学校考开学考试）Ordeal by Innocence is a hot TV series right now. It is adapted (改编) from a detective story written by Agatha Christie.
Agatha Christie’s real name was Agatha Miller. Agatha was born in 1890. She was an English writer. She married Archibald Christie when she was 24 years old, and she changed her family name to Christie.
She sold her first mystery book in 1920.This book was the first time that the world met Mrs. Christie’s famous detective Hercule Poirot. Ten years after that, Mrs. Christie wrote her book with her second famous detective, Miss Marple. In 1928, Mrs. Christie’s first marriage broke up. She married M.EL. Mallowan in 1930, but she still wrote her books under the name Agatha Christie.
She is known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections. Her stories are famous for their plot twists and surprising endings.
So where did her imagination come from? When she was a kid, Agatha liked to invent imaginary friends, and she spent most of her time with her imaginary friends. She usually meets her imaginary friends in her dream. Agatha’s unconventional (非常规的) childhood gave her a wild imagination.
Agatha also loved watching musicals and plays when she was young, which made her interested in writing. By the age of 18, Agatha was writing the stories she liked telling. So a lifelong passion began.
Today, many of Agatha’s detective novels, such as Murder on the Orient Express (《东方快车谋杀案》) and Death on the Nile (《尼罗河上的惨案》), have been adapted into films and plays. These adaptations have made her works more popular across the world.
Agatha’s works have been translated into more than 103 languages, and the total sales have reached 2 billion copies. According to Guinness World Records, Agatha is the best-selling book writer in human history. In 1975, Agatha wrote her last novel, The Curtain. On January 23, 1976, she died in her birthplace, England, at the age of 85.
35．What kind of story is Ordeal by Innocence?
A．A funny story. B．A love story. C．A sad story. D．A detective story.
36．How many short story collections did Agatha Christie write during her lifetime?
A．14. B．18. C．66. D．90.
37．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Agatha was born in England in 1890. B．Agatha’s stories have surprising endings.
C．Agatha had an unconventional childhood. D．Few people are interested in Death on the Nile today.
38．What can we infer from the passage?
A．All readers love Agatha’s detective novels.
B．Hercule Poirot was one of Agatha’s imaginary friends in her childhood.
C．Miss Marple appeared in Agatha’s book in 1930.
D．Agatha loved acting out musicals and plays.
39．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The study of Ordeal by Innocence. B．The introduction of Agatha Christie.
C．The books of Archibald Christie. D．The childhood of Agatha Christie.
（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）
As the founder of Alibaba Group, Jack Ma is one of the richest men in China. However, you can’t imagine how hard he became a successful businessman.
Ma was born on September 10, 1964. He was good at English but bad at math. That is why he took part in the College Entrance Exam three times until he was enrolled (招收) as an English major student in Hangzhou Normal University. His English was excellent and he became president of the Students’ Union of his school.
After graduation in 1988, Ma worked as an English teacher at a college for five years and gave up his job to start his own business later. In 1995 when he went to Seattle, America on his business trip, he was surprised to find no advertisements about Chinese beer could be found online. Since then, he has spent his time and energy on the development of Chinese on-line shopping. He was even considered crazy in the beginning. However, more and more people were convinced of his great business ability when he set up his companies, such as Alibaba in 1999 and Taobao in 2003. In September 2014, Alibaba even went public in New York. Jack Ma has been caring about Chinese teaching since he retired (退休) from Alibaba in 2018.
“Today is difficult, tomorrow is more difficult, but the day after tomorrow is beautiful,” Jack Ma always tells young people not to be afraid of difficulties this way.
40．Why did Jack Ma take part in the College Entrance Exam three times?
A．Because he was weak in math.
B．Because he overslept before the exam twice.
C．Because he wanted to play a joke on his parents this way.
D．Because he wanted to get the highest score this way.
41．Jack Ma went to Seattle at the age of ________.
A．25 B．27 C．29 D．31
42．Which word best describes Jack Ma’s starting Chinese online shopping in 1995?
A．Crazy. B．Brave. C．Funny. D．Stupid.
43．The underlined part “were convinced of” in the passage probably means ________.
A．were interested in B．were proud of C．were sure of D．were full of
44．The writer wrote this passage to tell us ________ like Jack Ma.
A．to go in for business B．never to lose heart in the face of difficulty
C．to learn English well D．to pay more attention to Chinese online shopping
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。
1．词义猜测题。根据“They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls.”及“She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school”可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示“说服”，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands…Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges”可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。
3．篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty…China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s”可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17”可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平。
6．推理判断题。根据“passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021”和“In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University”可知，2021年袁隆平91岁，1949年进入西南大学学习时是19岁。故选A。
7．词句猜测题。分析“After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world.”可知，在帮助中国解决人口温饱问题之后，袁隆平梦想拯救世界各地遭受饥荒的人们，所以famine的意思是“饥荒”，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要表达人们对于袁老逝世的悲痛，故选C。
9．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父袁隆平，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
10．C 11．B 12．D 13．D
【导语】本文是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。
10．细节理解题。根据“I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me.”和下文可知，Al在学校过得很艰难，对一些孩子来说很容易的事情对Al来说却很难，没有找到自己感兴趣的事物，直到有一天指南针引起了他的好奇，故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据“Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life...‘Why?’”可知，问一个简单的问题“为什么？”改变了Al的生活，故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据“Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently. Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe.”可知，从那时起，Al的想法就被用来以不同的方式看待世界，有人说它们改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。此处they指的是“my ideas”，故选D。
13．主旨大意题。本文是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。故选D。
14．C 15．A 16．D 17．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国的航天员，以及想成为一名宇航员需要具备什么。
14．细节理解题。根据“In 2003, China sent its first astronaut (宇航员), Yang Liwei, into space.”可知，2003年，中国将第一位宇航员杨利伟送入太空。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据“You’ll start hard training when you become a backup (后备) astronaut.”可知，当你成为一名后备宇航员时，你将开始艰苦的训练。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, physics and many more. So they will know what to do during the mission.”可知，宇航员要学习60门课程来为任务做准备，包括数学、英语、物理等，这样他们就会知道在任务期间要做什么。故选D。
17．主旨大意题。本文介绍中国的航天员，以及想成为一名宇航员需要具备什么。选项B“如何成为一名宇航员”符合主题，故选B。
18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C
【导语】本文介绍了谷爱凌在北京冬奥会上的第一枚金牌以及她的情况。
18．细节理解题。根据“Eileen Gu Wins Gold for China, Breaking World Record in Women’s Freeski Big Air”可知，谷爱凌夺得2022年北京冬奥会自由式滑雪女子大跳台金牌。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据“That was the best moment of my life. The happiest moment, day, whatever-of my life. I just cannot believe what just happened,”可以推出，在她取得压倒性的胜利后，谷应该是激动的。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“Xingdu JF Dry Ski Four Season Resort receives increasing popularity because Gu trained there before going to the Winter Games.”可知，谷在参加冬奥会之前曾在那里训练。故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据短文的标题“Eileen Gu Wins Gold for China, Breaking World Record in Women’s Freeski Big Air”可以推出，这段话可能来自一个网站。故选C。
22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一位年轻的作曲家张宇萱的故事。
22．推理判断题。根据“A melody（曲调）suddenly came into my mind when I was having a math class. I quickly wrote the melody and a few lyrics down on my notebook. After class, I rushed home and took less than half an hour to finish the song.”可知，在数学课上，她很快地写下了曲调和几句歌词，回到家花费了不足半个小时完成了这首歌曲，因此可推知，她总共花费了30分钟完成这首歌曲。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据“A melody（曲调）suddenly came into my mind when I was having a math class. I quickly wrote the melody and a few lyrics down on my notebook.”可知，在数学课上，她就写下了曲调和几句歌词，由此可知，她是在学校开始写这首歌的。故选A。
24．词义猜测题。根据“Zhang has received many invitations to all kinds of shows but she has refused them.”可知，张收到了很多各种节目的邀请，但是她拒绝了他们，由此可知，them指代前面的“邀请”。故选B。
25．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了一位年轻的作曲家张宇萱的故事，因此最佳标题为“一位年轻的作曲家”。故选D。
26．C 27．C 28．C 29．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代一位非常酷的游客徐霞客，花了将近30年的时间游遍中国，留下了珍贵的记录。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段的“He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves(喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he first found out the Yangtze River’s headwater.”可知，徐霞客是三个第一，第一个发现黄山顶峰的人，第一个发现很多喀斯特溶洞的人也是第一个发现长江源头的人。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers.”可知，当他还是孩童，他就喜欢阅读有关中国山水的书籍，因此句子“He decided to see them when he grew up.”“他决定长大后去看看”放在此处合适。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Xu began his journey when he was about 20 years old.”可知，徐霞客大概20岁的时候开始旅行。选项C符合。故选C。
29．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了中国古时候一位很潇洒的游客，他的踪迹，以及背景，还有他的游记。选项B“一位很酷的中国游客”符合。故选B。
30．C 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了生物安全专家——陈薇为研究非典，埃博拉病毒，以及新冠肺炎做出的贡献。
30．细节理解题。根据“she has made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research and development of vaccine(疫苗). Because of her great work, Dr. Chen was given the title ‘the People’s Hero’”可知，由于她伟大的工作获得了“人民英雄”的称号，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“She cut her black hair short for the convenience of working in a protective suit”可知，因为这妨碍了她的工作，故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据“From SARS and Ebola to COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent half of her life fighting against deadly viruses”可知，她曾帮助抗击非典和埃博拉病毒，B表述正确，故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据“I would like to give my all to the lab, to bring hopes for people living in virus-stricken areas”可知，她愿意把一切都献给实验室，穷尽一生来帮助有需要的人们，故选C。
34．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了生物安全专家——陈薇为研究非典，埃博拉病毒，以及新冠肺炎做出的贡献，会在报纸上看到，故选A。
35．D 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．B
【导语】本文介绍了最畅销的侦探小说作家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的一生及她的成就。
35．细节理解题。根据“Ordeal by Innocence is a hot TV series right now. It is adapted (改编) from a detective story written by Agatha Christie.”可知，阿加莎·克里斯蒂的作品《无妄之灾》是一个侦探故事。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“She is known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections.”可知，阿加莎·克里斯蒂写了14部短篇小说集。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“Today, many of Agatha’s detective novels, such as Murder on the Orient Express (《东方快车谋杀案》) and Death on the Nile (《尼罗河上的惨案》), have been adapted into films and plays. These adaptations have made her works more popular across the world.”可知，《尼罗河上的惨案》很受人们欢迎，D项错误。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据“She sold her first mystery book in 1920.…Ten years after that, Mrs. Christie wrote her book with her second famous detective, Miss Marple.”可推知，马普尔小姐于1930年出现在阿加莎的书中。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。根据“It is adapted (改编) from a detective story written by Agatha Christie.”及下文的介绍可知，文章介绍了最畅销的侦探小说作家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平及她的成就。故选B。
40．A 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B
【导语】本文是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍了阿里巴巴集团创始人马云的一些情况。
40．细节理解题。根据“He was good at English but bad at math. That is why he took part in the College Entrance Exam three times….”可知马云参加三次高考的原因是他的数学不好。故选A。
41．推理判断题。根据“Ma was born on September 10, 1964.”马云出生于1964年9月10日。以及“In 1995 when he went to Seattle,”在1995年的时候，马云去了美国的西雅图。可知推知马云是31岁时去的西雅图。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“He was even considered crazy in the beginning.”可知，刚开始的时候他被认为是疯狂的。故选A。
43．词义猜测题。根据“However, more and more people were convinced of his great business ability when he set up his companies, such as Alibaba in 1999 and Taobao in 2003.”然而，当他创办公司时，越来越多的人……他拥有强大的商业能力，比如1999年的阿里巴巴和2003年的淘宝。由于他创办阿里巴巴和淘宝的成功，可知是越来越多的人相信他拥有强大的商业能力，因此下划线词的意思应是“相信”，与were sure of同义。故选C。
44．主旨大意题。根据“‘Today is difficult, tomorrow is more difficult, but the day after tomorrow is beautiful,’ Jack Ma always tells young people not to be afraid of difficulties this way.”“今天很难，明天更难，但后天是美好的，”马云总是这样告诉年轻人不要害怕困难。可知，作者写本文是为了告诉读者永远不要在困难面前失去信心。故选B。
备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练
著名人物
（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary(普通的) people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield(产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capital income(人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties (县) and 128,000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s.
1．What does the underlined word “convinced” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．说服 B．允许 C．解释 D．提醒
2．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text?
A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges.
C．He did two things to help the villagers. D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
3．What’s the right structure(结构) of the text?（①=Paragraph 1)
A． B． C． D．
4．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph?
A．To praise the spirit of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of lighting against poverty.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital income in the village was more than￥500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）Yuan Longping, the “Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)”, passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021. Yuan had spent his whole life doing research on rice. Now about one fifth of rice around the world comes from the hybrid rice he developed.
In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University and began his special connection with rice. In the 1970s, he developed the hybrid rice that recorded a high yearly yield(年产量), 20% higher than traditional rice. That meant it could feed another 70 million people a year.
After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world. Since the 1980s, Yuan’s team has offered training courses in many countries. He was given the World Food Prize in 2004.
In 2017, he helped develop indica rice(籼稻) for areas where there is heavy metal pollution. During his lifetime, Yuan was always driven by his dream to better feed China and the world. For his great achievements, Yuan was given the Medal of the Republic, the highest honor in China, in 2019.
On hearing the news of his death, large crowds of people came to the hospital in Changsha to see him off, calling out words such as, “Grandpa Yuan, have a good journey!”
6．How old was Yuan when he went to Southwest University?
A．19. B．30. C．49. D．70.
7．The underlined word “famine” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．污染 B．饥荒 C．战火 D．病毒
8．What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To explain why people went to see him off. B．To encourage people to learn from the scientist.
C．To show people’s deep sadness for Yuan’s death. D．To call on people to remember the great scientist.
9．The passage may come from ________.
A．a diary B．a news report C．a storybook D．a travel magazine
（2022·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·统考中考真题）My name is Al. When I was a young boy, I didn’t fit in with the other kids. I felt different. Some kids made fun of me.
I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me. My mind wandered, and I couldn’t pay attention to what the teacher said. In fact, some teachers thought I might never graduate(毕业).
While other kids lived for gym class, I hated it. I didn’t see the point in the games the kids played.
Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life. I was looking at a compass (指南针) and thought, “Why does that little needle (针) always know where north is?” It may seem silly now, but at that time, it made me take a second look at this thing I had seen many times before. I asked the simple question, “Why?”
I started to read about it and in doing so, I found that physics was really interesting to me. I started borrowing books from school and learning the math behind common things of everyday life.
I started catching up with my classmates. Soon, I was beyond them. By the end of high school, I was far ahead of my teachers.
I got a job at an office. In my spare time, I worked on my ideas. I sent these ideas to a university. The university told me that I had come up with something very important.
Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently. Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe.
It all started that day when I looked at something I had seen many times and asked the question, “Why?”
You may know me. My name is Al… Albert Einstein.
10．Why did Al have a hard time when he was young?
A．He spent too much time playing with other kids.
B．He was one of the most difficult students in his class.
C．He didn’t find anything he was really interested in.
D．He failed to graduate from the school.
11．What helped Al out of the hard situation?
A．The encouragement from his classmates and teachers.
B．The fact of asking the simple question, “Why?”
C．The experience of having a gym class.
D．The strong will of entering a famous university.
12．What does “they” refer to in Paragraph 8?
A．The questions. B．The games. C．Some books. D．Al’s ideas.
13．What can we mainly learn from Al’s story?
A．No pain, no gain. B．Every dog has its day.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．Interest and thinking make great minds.
（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）In 2003, China sent its first astronaut (宇航员), Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, 13 Chinese astronauts have “reached for stars”. Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are three of them. They just finished the Shenzhou XIII mission (任务). Have you ever thought of becoming an astronaut like them?
To be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight and a strong heart are important. You’d better not have other small problems, like a decayed tooth (蛀牙).
You’ll start hard training when you become a backup (后备) astronaut. For example, you need to do a lot of running, swimming and pull-ups. You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for 6 or 7 hours without eating or going to the toilet.
Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, physics and many more. So they will know what to do during the mission.
14．Who was the first astronaut in China?
A．Zhai Zhigang. B．Ye Guangfu. C．Yang Liwei. D．Wang Yaping.
15．How is the training of the astronauts according to the writer?
A．Difficult. B．Comfortable. C．Relaxing. D．Boring.
16．Why do astronauts have to take 60 courses?
A．To keep fit. B．To learn English well.
C．To become more humorous. D．To know what to do during the mission.
17．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．Why astronauts should be healthy. B．How you can become an astronaut.
C．What courses astronauts should take. D．Where Chinese astronauts are trained.
（2022春·山东菏泽·九年级统考期中）Eileen Gu Wins Gold for China, Breaking World Record in Women’s Freeski Big Air
BEIJING, February 8 (TMTPOST) —Eileen Gu won China’s third gold medal and her first gold medal of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games on Tuesday.
Gu, who is only 18 years old, secured her top position at the women’s big air competition with her third run, scoring 94.5 with a 1620 and a perfect landing. Her total score reached 188.25, narrowly beating France’s Tess Ledeux, who took silver with a score of 187.50. Switzerland’s Mathilde Gremaud won the bronze.
“That was the best moment of my life. The happiest moment, day, whatever-of my life. I just cannot believe what just happened,” said Gu after her overpowering and overwhelming triumph. “Even if I didn’t land it, I felt it would send a message out to the world and hopefully encourage more girls to break their own boundaries.”
“That was my biggest goal going into my last run. I reminded myself to have fun and enjoy the moment and that, no matter what, I was so grateful to even have this opportunity to even be here,” GU said.
Gu has become an Olympic sensation as her Chinese fans celebrated her victory on social media.
Gu’s commercial value was already detected by brands. The 18-year-old athlete is a brand ambassador for over 20 brands, including Faction Skis, Anta, Mengniu, Oakley, Beats by Dre, GOSKI, SKSHU Paint, Bank of China, China Mobile, Louis Vuitton, BY-Health and Luckin Coffee.
Born in 2003, Eileen Feng Gu, also known as Gu Ailing, is a American-Chinese freestyle skier in halfpipe, slopestyle, and big air events. She began to compete for China in 2019.
18．Who got the gold medal in Women’s Freeski Big Air?
A．Gu Ailing. B．Tess Ledeux. C．Mathilde Gremaud.
19．How did Gu feel after her overpowering and overwhelming triumph?
A．Grateful. B．Nervous. C．Excited.
20．What do you know about Xingdu JF Dry Ski Four Season Resort?
A．The women’s big air competition was held there.
B．Gu trained there before going to the Winter Games.
C．It is a platform for online booking and tourism service.
21．Where does this passage probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A science book. C．A website.
（2023·安徽宿州·统考一模）“She got a beautiful eye, walk in a line, smile with her type…” Everyone is surprised that this original（原创的）English song, She, was written by a 15-year-old girl in only 30 minutes.
Zhang Yuxuan, better known as Vicky Xuanxuan on social media, is under the spotlight（聚光灯）for her music.
“I have never thought the song She would be so popular,” says Zhang, a middle school student from Shenzhen. “A melody（曲调）suddenly came into my mind when I was having a math class. I quickly wrote the melody and a few lyrics down on my notebook. After class, I rushed home and took less than half an hour to finish the song.”
Now Zhang is studying to become a professional violin player. She has won awards in some international competitions. “I have professional music lessons and they have helped me a lot in my composing（作曲）,” she mentions.
After being so popular, Zhang has received many invitations to all kinds of shows but she has refused them. She says she still needs to put her studies first.
“I like to try all kinds of styles. I expect to pay more attention to country and folk styles,” says Zhang. Her dream is to go to one of the world’s top music schools like the Berklee College of Music in Boston.
“I still have a lot to learn. I hope I can become a great songwriter and work with the musicians I like,” she says.
22．How long did Zhang Yuxuan spend in writing the song She?
A．15 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. D．50 minutes.
23．Where did Zhang Yuxuan begin to write the song She?
A．At school. B．At home. C．In the park. D．In the library.
24．What does the underlined word “them” refer to（指的是）?
A．The competitions. B．The invitations. C．The studies. D．The players.
25．What is the best title（标题）for the text?
A．The greatest songwriter B．A professional violin player
C．A music teacher D．A young songwriter
（2022春·江苏淮安·九年级统考期中）You might have heard of Bear Grylls. He is a famous traveller from the UK. He likes to travel to beautiful and dangerous places around the world. But more than 400 years ago in China, there was a traveller even cooler than Bear Grylls. He spent 30 years travelling across China. His name was Xu Xiake.
Where did Xu go?
Xu travelled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and found more than 350 caves. ① He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves(喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he first found out the Yangtze River’s headwater.
Xu travelled mostly on foot. He often slept and ate in the wild. On his way, he was robbed (被抢劫) three times. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But he never gave up and enjoyed his journey. ②
How did Xu start his journey?
Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. ③
At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials(官员). But Xu’s father never made him take any exams. Instead, he encouraged(鼓励) his son to go outside and find out the new world. Xu began his journey when he was about 20 years old.④
Xu’s travel notes
Xu always kept a diary while travelling. The Travel Diary of Xu Xiake is still popular among people today.
26．How many “first things” did Xu do?
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
27．Where can the sentence “He decided to see them when he grew up.”be put?
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
28．Which of the following is TRUE about Xu Xiake?
A．He was Bear’s good friend.
B．He hoped to be an official.
C．He started travelling at the age of about 20.
D．He rode horses to travel around China.
29．What can be the best title of this passage?
A．A World-famous Diary B．A Cool Chinese Traveller
C．Xu Xiake’s Special Journey D．The Trip to Big Mountains
（2022春·湖南长沙·九年级长沙市雅礼实验中学校考开学考试）Being a mother, daughter and wife, Dr. Chen Wei is a female general in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. As a 54-year-old researcher at the Institute of Military Medicine, she has made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research and development of vaccine(疫苗). Because of her great work, Dr. Chen was given the title “the People’s Hero”.
On January 26, Chen arrived in Wuhan to work on vaccine development. She cut her black hair short for the convenience of working in a protective suit. After months of lab research and the front-line fight against the virus, some of her hair turned grey. And almost 50 days later, the first vaccine was ready for testing.
From SARS and Ebola to COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent half of her life fighting against deadly viruses. When SARS broke out in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team tried their best to find out the cause of the disease. She once spent 6-8 hours a day working in a sterilized lab (无菌实验室). The team finally developed the nasal spray which helped protect thousands of people. In 2014, they succeeded in developing a vaccine for Ebola, a deadly virus spreading across Africa.
“I’m a person in uniform. Putting on the uniform means all of these are my jobs. I would like to give my all to the lab, to bring hopes for people living in virus-stricken areas,” said Dr. Chen in an interview. According to Dr. Chen, our world will be much more wonderful if we bring warmth to others.
30．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．There are three people in Dr. Chen’s family.
B．Dr. Chen is a 53-year-old researcher at the Institute of Military Medicine.
C．Dr. Chen got the title “the People’s Hero” because of her great work.
31．Why did Dr. Chen cut her hair short?
A．Because it turned grey. B．Because it grew too long. C．Because it got in the way of her work.
32．Which of the following statements is true?
A．There is no vaccine for Ebola.
B．Dr. Chen helped fight against the SARS and Ebola.
C．Dr. Chen finally found the cause of SARS by herself.
33．What do Dr. Chen’s words mainly tell us?
A．She is never satisfied with her job.
B．She will visit virus-stricken areas in the future.
C．She would like to help more people in need.
34．Where might the passage be found?
A．In a newspaper. B．In a guide book. C．In a science fiction book.
（2022春·广东广州·九年级广州大学附属中学校考开学考试）Ordeal by Innocence is a hot TV series right now. It is adapted (改编) from a detective story written by Agatha Christie.
Agatha Christie’s real name was Agatha Miller. Agatha was born in 1890. She was an English writer. She married Archibald Christie when she was 24 years old, and she changed her family name to Christie.
She sold her first mystery book in 1920.This book was the first time that the world met Mrs. Christie’s famous detective Hercule Poirot. Ten years after that, Mrs. Christie wrote her book with her second famous detective, Miss Marple. In 1928, Mrs. Christie’s first marriage broke up. She married M.EL. Mallowan in 1930, but she still wrote her books under the name Agatha Christie.
She is known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections. Her stories are famous for their plot twists and surprising endings.
So where did her imagination come from? When she was a kid, Agatha liked to invent imaginary friends, and she spent most of her time with her imaginary friends. She usually meets her imaginary friends in her dream. Agatha’s unconventional (非常规的) childhood gave her a wild imagination.
Agatha also loved watching musicals and plays when she was young, which made her interested in writing. By the age of 18, Agatha was writing the stories she liked telling. So a lifelong passion began.
Today, many of Agatha’s detective novels, such as Murder on the Orient Express (《东方快车谋杀案》) and Death on the Nile (《尼罗河上的惨案》), have been adapted into films and plays. These adaptations have made her works more popular across the world.
Agatha’s works have been translated into more than 103 languages, and the total sales have reached 2 billion copies. According to Guinness World Records, Agatha is the best-selling book writer in human history. In 1975, Agatha wrote her last novel, The Curtain. On January 23, 1976, she died in her birthplace, England, at the age of 85.
35．What kind of story is Ordeal by Innocence?
A．A funny story. B．A love story. C．A sad story. D．A detective story.
36．How many short story collections did Agatha Christie write during her lifetime?
A．14. B．18. C．66. D．90.
37．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Agatha was born in England in 1890. B．Agatha’s stories have surprising endings.
C．Agatha had an unconventional childhood. D．Few people are interested in Death on the Nile today.
38．What can we infer from the passage?
A．All readers love Agatha’s detective novels.
B．Hercule Poirot was one of Agatha’s imaginary friends in her childhood.
C．Miss Marple appeared in Agatha’s book in 1930.
D．Agatha loved acting out musicals and plays.
39．What is this passage mainly about?
A．The study of Ordeal by Innocence. B．The introduction of Agatha Christie.
C．The books of Archibald Christie. D．The childhood of Agatha Christie.
（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）
As the founder of Alibaba Group, Jack Ma is one of the richest men in China. However, you can’t imagine how hard he became a successful businessman.
Ma was born on September 10, 1964. He was good at English but bad at math. That is why he took part in the College Entrance Exam three times until he was enrolled (招收) as an English major student in Hangzhou Normal University. His English was excellent and he became president of the Students’ Union of his school.
After graduation in 1988, Ma worked as an English teacher at a college for five years and gave up his job to start his own business later. In 1995 when he went to Seattle, America on his business trip, he was surprised to find no advertisements about Chinese beer could be found online. Since then, he has spent his time and energy on the development of Chinese on-line shopping. He was even considered crazy in the beginning. However, more and more people were convinced of his great business ability when he set up his companies, such as Alibaba in 1999 and Taobao in 2003. In September 2014, Alibaba even went public in New York. Jack Ma has been caring about Chinese teaching since he retired (退休) from Alibaba in 2018.
“Today is difficult, tomorrow is more difficult, but the day after tomorrow is beautiful,” Jack Ma always tells young people not to be afraid of difficulties this way.
40．Why did Jack Ma take part in the College Entrance Exam three times?
A．Because he was weak in math.
B．Because he overslept before the exam twice.
C．Because he wanted to play a joke on his parents this way.
D．Because he wanted to get the highest score this way.
41．Jack Ma went to Seattle at the age of ________.
A．25 B．27 C．29 D．31
42．Which word best describes Jack Ma’s starting Chinese online shopping in 1995?
A．Crazy. B．Brave. C．Funny. D．Stupid.
43．The underlined part “were convinced of” in the passage probably means ________.
A．were interested in B．were proud of C．were sure of D．were full of
44．The writer wrote this passage to tell us ________ like Jack Ma.
A．to go in for business B．never to lose heart in the face of difficulty
C．to learn English well D．to pay more attention to Chinese online shopping
参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。
1．词义猜测题。根据“They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls.”及“She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school”可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示“说服”，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands…Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges”可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。
3．篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty…China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty world-wide since the late 1970s”可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17”可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平。
6．推理判断题。根据“passed away in Changsha at the age of 91 on May 22, 2021”和“In 1949, Yuan went to Southwest University”可知，2021年袁隆平91岁，1949年进入西南大学学习时是19岁。故选A。
7．词句猜测题。分析“After helping China feed its population, Yuan had a much bigger dream—to save people who suffered(遭受) famine all over the world.”可知，在帮助中国解决人口温饱问题之后，袁隆平梦想拯救世界各地遭受饥荒的人们，所以famine的意思是“饥荒”，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要表达人们对于袁老逝世的悲痛，故选C。
9．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了杂交水稻之父袁隆平，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。
10．C 11．B 12．D 13．D
【导语】本文是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。
10．细节理解题。根据“I used to have a hard time at school. Things that were easy for some kids were difficult for me.”和下文可知，Al在学校过得很艰难，对一些孩子来说很容易的事情对Al来说却很难，没有找到自己感兴趣的事物，直到有一天指南针引起了他的好奇，故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据“Then one day, I saw something that really changed my life...‘Why?’”可知，问一个简单的问题“为什么？”改变了Al的生活，故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据“Since then, my ideas have been used to look at the world differently. Some say that they changed the way we look at the universe.”可知，从那时起，Al的想法就被用来以不同的方式看待世界，有人说它们改变了我们看待宇宙的方式。此处they指的是“my ideas”，故选D。
13．主旨大意题。本文是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦介绍自己的经历，告诉我们兴趣和思考造就伟大的人。故选D。
14．C 15．A 16．D 17．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国的航天员，以及想成为一名宇航员需要具备什么。
14．细节理解题。根据“In 2003, China sent its first astronaut (宇航员), Yang Liwei, into space.”可知，2003年，中国将第一位宇航员杨利伟送入太空。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据“You’ll start hard training when you become a backup (后备) astronaut.”可知，当你成为一名后备宇航员时，你将开始艰苦的训练。故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, physics and many more. So they will know what to do during the mission.”可知，宇航员要学习60门课程来为任务做准备，包括数学、英语、物理等，这样他们就会知道在任务期间要做什么。故选D。
17．主旨大意题。本文介绍中国的航天员，以及想成为一名宇航员需要具备什么。选项B“如何成为一名宇航员”符合主题，故选B。
18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C
【导语】本文介绍了谷爱凌在北京冬奥会上的第一枚金牌以及她的情况。
18．细节理解题。根据“Eileen Gu Wins Gold for China, Breaking World Record in Women’s Freeski Big Air”可知，谷爱凌夺得2022年北京冬奥会自由式滑雪女子大跳台金牌。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据“That was the best moment of my life. The happiest moment, day, whatever-of my life. I just cannot believe what just happened,”可以推出，在她取得压倒性的胜利后，谷应该是激动的。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“Xingdu JF Dry Ski Four Season Resort receives increasing popularity because Gu trained there before going to the Winter Games.”可知，谷在参加冬奥会之前曾在那里训练。故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据短文的标题“Eileen Gu Wins Gold for China, Breaking World Record in Women’s Freeski Big Air”可以推出，这段话可能来自一个网站。故选C。
22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一位年轻的作曲家张宇萱的故事。
22．推理判断题。根据“A melody（曲调）suddenly came into my mind when I was having a math class. I quickly wrote the melody and a few lyrics down on my notebook. After class, I rushed home and took less than half an hour to finish the song.”可知，在数学课上，她很快地写下了曲调和几句歌词，回到家花费了不足半个小时完成了这首歌曲，因此可推知，她总共花费了30分钟完成这首歌曲。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据“A melody（曲调）suddenly came into my mind when I was having a math class. I quickly wrote the melody and a few lyrics down on my notebook.”可知，在数学课上，她就写下了曲调和几句歌词，由此可知，她是在学校开始写这首歌的。故选A。
24．词义猜测题。根据“Zhang has received many invitations to all kinds of shows but she has refused them.”可知，张收到了很多各种节目的邀请，但是她拒绝了他们，由此可知，them指代前面的“邀请”。故选B。
25．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了一位年轻的作曲家张宇萱的故事，因此最佳标题为“一位年轻的作曲家”。故选D。
26．C 27．C 28．C 29．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代一位非常酷的游客徐霞客，花了将近30年的时间游遍中国，留下了珍贵的记录。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段的“He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves(喀斯特溶洞). What’s more, he first found out the Yangtze River’s headwater.”可知，徐霞客是三个第一，第一个发现黄山顶峰的人，第一个发现很多喀斯特溶洞的人也是第一个发现长江源头的人。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers.”可知，当他还是孩童，他就喜欢阅读有关中国山水的书籍，因此句子“He decided to see them when he grew up.”“他决定长大后去看看”放在此处合适。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Xu began his journey when he was about 20 years old.”可知，徐霞客大概20岁的时候开始旅行。选项C符合。故选C。
29．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了中国古时候一位很潇洒的游客，他的踪迹，以及背景，还有他的游记。选项B“一位很酷的中国游客”符合。故选B。
30．C 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了生物安全专家——陈薇为研究非典，埃博拉病毒，以及新冠肺炎做出的贡献。
30．细节理解题。根据“she has made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research and development of vaccine(疫苗). Because of her great work, Dr. Chen was given the title ‘the People’s Hero’”可知，由于她伟大的工作获得了“人民英雄”的称号，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“She cut her black hair short for the convenience of working in a protective suit”可知，因为这妨碍了她的工作，故选C。
32．推理判断题。根据“From SARS and Ebola to COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent half of her life fighting against deadly viruses”可知，她曾帮助抗击非典和埃博拉病毒，B表述正确，故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据“I would like to give my all to the lab, to bring hopes for people living in virus-stricken areas”可知，她愿意把一切都献给实验室，穷尽一生来帮助有需要的人们，故选C。
34．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了生物安全专家——陈薇为研究非典，埃博拉病毒，以及新冠肺炎做出的贡献，会在报纸上看到，故选A。
35．D 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．B
【导语】本文介绍了最畅销的侦探小说作家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的一生及她的成就。
35．细节理解题。根据“Ordeal by Innocence is a hot TV series right now. It is adapted (改编) from a detective story written by Agatha Christie.”可知，阿加莎·克里斯蒂的作品《无妄之灾》是一个侦探故事。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“She is known for her 66 detective novels and 14 short story collections.”可知，阿加莎·克里斯蒂写了14部短篇小说集。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“Today, many of Agatha’s detective novels, such as Murder on the Orient Express (《东方快车谋杀案》) and Death on the Nile (《尼罗河上的惨案》), have been adapted into films and plays. These adaptations have made her works more popular across the world.”可知，《尼罗河上的惨案》很受人们欢迎，D项错误。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据“She sold her first mystery book in 1920.…Ten years after that, Mrs. Christie wrote her book with her second famous detective, Miss Marple.”可推知，马普尔小姐于1930年出现在阿加莎的书中。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。根据“It is adapted (改编) from a detective story written by Agatha Christie.”及下文的介绍可知，文章介绍了最畅销的侦探小说作家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平及她的成就。故选B。
40．A 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B
【导语】本文是一篇人物故事类阅读，主要介绍了阿里巴巴集团创始人马云的一些情况。
40．细节理解题。根据“He was good at English but bad at math. That is why he took part in the College Entrance Exam three times….”可知马云参加三次高考的原因是他的数学不好。故选A。
41．推理判断题。根据“Ma was born on September 10, 1964.”马云出生于1964年9月10日。以及“In 1995 when he went to Seattle,”在1995年的时候，马云去了美国的西雅图。可知推知马云是31岁时去的西雅图。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“He was even considered crazy in the beginning.”可知，刚开始的时候他被认为是疯狂的。故选A。
43．词义猜测题。根据“However, more and more people were convinced of his great business ability when he set up his companies, such as Alibaba in 1999 and Taobao in 2003.”然而，当他创办公司时，越来越多的人……他拥有强大的商业能力，比如1999年的阿里巴巴和2003年的淘宝。由于他创办阿里巴巴和淘宝的成功，可知是越来越多的人相信他拥有强大的商业能力，因此下划线词的意思应是“相信”，与were sure of同义。故选C。
44．主旨大意题。根据“‘Today is difficult, tomorrow is more difficult, but the day after tomorrow is beautiful,’ Jack Ma always tells young people not to be afraid of difficulties this way.”“今天很难，明天更难，但后天是美好的，”马云总是这样告诉年轻人不要害怕困难。可知，作者写本文是为了告诉读者永远不要在困难面前失去信心。故选B。
相关试卷
阅读理解热点话题综合练习之外国节日专题-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）： 这是一份阅读理解热点话题综合练习之外国节日专题-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题），共21页。试卷主要包含了B．1,001等内容，欢迎下载使用。
阅读理解热点话题综合练习之旅游专题备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）： 这是一份阅读理解热点话题综合练习之旅游专题备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题），共21页。
阅读理解热点话题综合练习08-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）： 这是一份阅读理解热点话题综合练习08-备战2024年中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题），共15页。
