2022届河南省杞县高中高三上学期摸底联考英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2022届河南省杞县高中高三上学期摸底联考英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届河南省杞县高中高三上学期摸底联考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Top World Record Breakers
Arham Om Talsania
At age two, the Indian boy started using tablets, developing his interest in computer programming through video games and solving puzzles. He even started to create his own computer games once his father taught him programming basics. His father also taught him how to code (编码). It was with this newfound knowledge and skill that he earned his world record title by completing the Python programming language exam. Arham broke the record a day before his 7th birthday.
Montannah Kenney
Montannah Kenney became the youngest female to summit (登顶) Mount Kilimanjaro in March. 2018 — she was just shy of her eighth birthday. She and her mother, Hollie Kenney, reached the top of Uhuru Peak while going through tough weather conditions like nonstop rain and snow. When asked about her motivation, Kenney responded that, for her, reaching the summit of Kilimanjaro meant being closer to her father in heaven, who died when she was three.
Ritaj Alharmi
As a young girl in Saudi Arabia, Ritaj Alhazmi was hooked on the creativity of making any idea possible through imaginative writing. She decided to give it a shot herself and wrote a three novel series called Treasure of the Lost Sea, for which she signed a publishing contract in 2020. She has received awards for the books: Treasure of the Lost Sea, Portal of the Hidden World and Beyond the Future World. The first two were released when Ritaj was only eleven.
Aashman Taneja
Aashman Taneja is a devoted student of Taekwondo (跆拳道). This first-grader at Oakridge in Hyderabad, India, broke the Guinness World record for the most full contact knee strikes nonstop for an hour at just five years old. While earning achievements in his favorite sport, he’s still able to get good grades in school and do well in other sports like rock climbing.
1．When did Arhan Om Talsania break a world record?
A．At the age of 2. B．At the age of 6.
C．At the age of 8. D．At the age of 11.
2．Why did Montansah Kenney want to summit Kilimanjaro?
A．To break a world record. B．To remember her father.
C．To celebrate her birthday. D．To accompany her mother.
3．Who is good at balancing study and sports?
A．Arham Om Talsania B．Ritaj Alhazmi.
C．Montannah Kenney. D．Aashman Taneja.

The festive sound officially opened the fishing season in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, on February 1, 2022. Conservationists took this opportunity to celebrate tree planting along the River Dee, a campaign that aims to cool the waters and increase the number of spawning salmon (产卵的鲑鱼).
The River Dee, which empties into the Atlantic from Scotland’s southwestern coast, is one of Scotland’s most popular fishing rivers. Unfortunately, due to climate change, the water temperature has been rising causing stress to spawning salmon.
The warmer water has resulted in a decline in salmon, with catches falling by a dramatic 80 percent since 1957. Scientists soon discovered that the water temperature in Scottish rivers was too high for the wild Atlantic salmon which prefers cold water.
“These rivers are the nursery grounds for young fish and it’s the young fish that will be affected by summer temperatures — their feeding and growth rates are affected.” Lorraine Hawkins from the Dee District Salmon Fishery Buard said.
It was tine to take action. Back in 2013, to plant 1 million young trees along the river was proposed. These trees will offer cooling shade to the fish and increase wildlife biodiversity from the leaf fall that attracts insects. A forest can also offer protection from flooding.
Since this project began,the River Dee Board and Trust, along with fisheries, has planted 250,000 trees, reaching one quarter of its goal. The company and its partners are planting various species of trees and are well on their way to reaching one million trees by 2025. The Scottish government is also carrying out an environmental protection plan for salmon.
These cool and shaded river waters promise to be a welcome shelter for spawning salmon. And once the number of salmon has increased, anglers (垂钓者) will come and cast their rods (鱼竿) into refreshingly cool waters. And as they get their Scottish catches, there just may be a celebratory sound!
4．What is the root cause of the decline in salmon?
A．Tree cutting. B．Festive noise.
C．Illegal fishing. D．Climate change.
5．How can tree planting benefit salmon?
A．Tress can drive insects away. B．Tree shade can attract feeders.
C．Trees can offer cooling shade. D．Fallen leaves can serve as food.
6．What is paragraph 6 mainly about?
A．Efforts to protect salmon. B．Specific tree planting goals.
C．Ways to plant various trees. D．Achievements of the festival.
7．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the project?
A．Hopeful. B．Skeptical. C．Uncaring. D．Worried.

A company called OpenAI has recently announced a new version of its AI artist, DALL-E 2. Given just a short sentence describing a picture, the tool can create complex images in many different styles.
OpenAI has already changed the world once with its AI writing tool, GPT 3. Released in 2020, GPT-3 shocked people by quickly creating complete and well-written articles in different styles. It can be used to finish a piece of writing, to answer questions, to write code for computers, and many other tasks.
In fact, DALL-E grew out of an effort to apply GPT-3 to images. DALL-E 2 was trained on large numbers of pictures with matching descriptions. That means it “knows” a lot about how different things look, even when they’re represented in different styles, such as a photo, a painting, or even a cartoon.
But the unusual magic behind DALL-E is that it can use its knowledge of what things look like to combine them in ways that few people will expect, OpenAI released the first version of DALL-E last year. DALL-E 2 is even more advanced. It can create larger images in much more detail. It has another new talent: The user can select an area of an image and ask DALL-E 2 to put something into the picture. or take it out.
The power of DALL-E 2 has excited many people. but some artists are worried that their job opportunities might be limited if a computer system can generate such high-quality pictures on demand so easily. OpenAI says the tool will allow artists to be creative in new ways.
Still, OpenAI is also worried about the power of DALL-E 2-but for a different reason. The company wants to make sure the tool won’t be used for illegal purposes. OpenAI already has strict rules about the sorts of images that can be created with DALL-E 2. One of those rules prevents DALL E 2 from creating realistic pictures of actual people.
For now, the company isn’t releasing DALL-E 2. Instead, it is allowing a small number of people to work with the tool to learn more about what works well and to discover possible problems.
8．Why is GPT-3 mentioned in the second paragraph?
A．To explain AI artists’ working principle. B．To tell the basis of developing DALL-E 2.
C．To prove the global influence of DALL-E 2. D．To show the challenge of updating DALL-E 2.
9．What is the advantage of DALL-E 2 over the first version?
A．It can edit existing pictures. B．It can describe given pictures.
C．It can create much smaller pictures. D．It can write articles of different styles.
10．What is OpenAI worried about concerning DALL-E 2?
A．The abuse of it. B．Its lack of creativity.
C．Its harm to artists’ careers. D．The limited number of its users.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．DALL-E 2 Challenges Actual Artists B． DALL-E 2 Reshapes the Future of AI
C．DALL-E 2 Reforms Art Appreciation D．DALL-E 2 Creates Pictures from Words

People always underestimate (低估) others’ desire for constructive feedback (反馈) and therefore don’t provide it, even when it can improve another person’s performance. according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Previous research suggests people avoid giving feedback because they’re afraid that it will embarrass or upset the other person, or that doing so may harm their relationships. Nicole Abi-Esber of Harvard Business School and her colleagues theorized there might be another reason why people refuse to give feedback: They simply don’t fully recognize the potential of their input to improve others’ outcomes, leading them to underestimate others’ desire for such feedback.
To test their theory, the researchers conducted a series of experiments involving 1,984 participants. In one experiment. participants were presented with 10 imaginary awkward social situations at work, where they could either give or receive constructive feedback, In another experiment, participants were asked to recall a situation where they could either have given or received constructive feedback. In the final experiment, participants were paired, with one practising a speech for a competition and the other assigned to listen and provide feedback.
Across all the experiments, people in a position to give feedback consistently underestimated potential receivers’ desire for it. The more consequential the feedback was, the more likely participants were to underestimate the other’s need for feedback and the less likely they were to offer it. The gap was smaller in more everyday, less important situations, such as when the other person had food on their face.
The researchers were surprised to find that simply asking people to quickly reflect “If you were this person, would you want feedback?” helped participants recognize the value of feedback to the other person and helped close the giver-receiver gap. “Take a second and ask yourself if you would want feedback if you were them. Most likely you would, and this realization can help empower you to give them feedback,” said Abi-Esber.
“Feedback is key to personal growth and improvement.” said coauthor Francesca Gino, also of Harvard Business School. “The next time you hear someone mispronounce a word, or see a dirty mark on their shirt, point it out to them — they probably want feedback more than you think.”
12．What makes people fail to give feedback according to previous research?
A．Their own sense of embarrassment. B．Their fear of unpleasant outcomes.
C．Their poor ability to interact with others. D．Their failure to realize others’ needs.
13．What does the underlined word “consequential” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Regular. B．Understandable.
C．Important. D．Achievable.
14．How can people be made more willing to offer constructive feedback?
A．Urge them to recall great feelings of helping others.
B．Train them to pay attention to much bigger problems.
C．Encourage them to ask about the other persons’ desire.
D．Get them to imagine they’re in the other persons’ shoes.
15．What does Francesca Gino mainly try to do in the last paragraph?
A．Present a fact. B．Give warnings.
C．Provide advice. D．Make a summary.


二、七选五
With offices slowly re-opening, we may soon be expected to go back to interviewing in the old-fashioned way—in person. During an interview, your main job is to sell yourself as a confident and capable asset. But how can you do that? One thing you should do is think about your body language. 16
● Give a good handshake but not too good. We’ve all heard that a handshake should be firm because one that is too soft can make you appear weak or shy. 17 You should avoid that. Instead, conduct a proper one to make both the interviewers and you comfortable.
● Watch your posture(姿势)and maintain eye contact. 18 Nothing conveys disinterest and lack of confidence like a slouch (懒散的人). And remember that although it may feel uncomfortable at times, eye contact is also key—especially while the other person is talking.
● 19 If you keep putting your hands on or near your face, it can send the message that you’re not comfortable with what you’re saying. When you’re not gesturing, put your hands in your lap. And don’t forget to smile—a smile not only conveys warmth, receptivity and positivity, it also helps reduce stress.
● Listen actively and try using the mirroring technique. Active listening is a key part of any interview. 20 Mirroring or copying someone’s body language is also a powerful way to convey connection. Face your interviewers directly, sit in the same position and try to match the pace and volume of their talk.
A．Don’t gesture but smile.
B．But there is such a thing as too firm.
C．And here are some common red flags to avoid
D．Keep your hands away from your face and smile.
E．This may seem obvious but it bears repeating: Sit up straight.
F．By doing so, you indicate to the interviewers that they have your full attention.
G．Here are a few ways to use body language to your advantage in your job interview.


三、完形填空
Some years ago, when a factory with 75,000 workers closed in our city, there was a feeling of sadness. Higher gas prices and disastrous floods added to such 21 .
Our church youth group 22 to bring our city back to life by doing something nice. One of our 23 was to buy $25 gas cards and bouquets (花束) of roses, and randomly give them out to people who might need some 24 .
One day, one of our members and I watched a young woman in her mid-twenties 25 to the gas pump. She didn’t get out of her car. 26 , she looked through her purse and then began to 27 . We approached politely to knock on the window and 28 a free gas card to her.
Upon hearing the knock, the young lady wiped away her tears, tried to 29 herself and then rolled down the window. We said to her. “Here is a free twenty-five dollar gas card for you, and we just want to be helpful.” 30 , she slowly reached out to take the gas card and then told us her story.
She had been 31 for a long time and was 32 to support herself. She had trouble making ends meet but was 33 about a job interview she would have that day. In fact, she was singing on her way to it when her gas gauge (仪表) showed “ 34 ”. She’d 35 she had one last ten-dollar bill in her purse, but she couldn’t find it. Thinking she would 36 her interview, she broke down and cried.
She 37 us and said. “You have no idea what you’ve done for me. Thank you so much!” We watched tears of 38 stream down her face as she began pumping her gas.
We’ve continued the 39 of handing out roses and gas cards over the past years. It has made a 40 in those receivers’ lives as well as ours.
21．A．fear B．thrill C．curiosity D．depression
22．A．decided B．hated C．failed D．regretted
23．A．opportunities B．abilities C．rewards D．ideas
24．A．encouragement B．education C．company D．information
25．A．walk off B．pull up C．run away D．fall down
26．A．Otherwise B．Instead C．Therefore D．Besides
27．A．scream B．pray C．sob D．whisper
28．A．offer B．lend C．post D．sell
29．A．praise B．dress C．compose D．show
30．A．Instantly B．Hesitantly C．Occasionally D．Casually
31．A．injured B．interrupted C．exhausted D．unemployed
32．A．pretending B．struggling C．refusing D．affording
33．A．particular B．angry C．optimistic D．nervous
34．A．enough B．empty C．full D．fine
35．A．sworn B．forgotten C．announced D．thought
36．A．miss B．attend C．enjoy D．change
37．A．glared at B．shouted at C．laughed at D．looked at
38．A．sorrow B．shame C．joy D．victory
39．A．tradition B．dream C．hobby D．challenge
40．A．discovery B．bargain C．difference D．choice


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tang suit or Tangzhuang is often referred to 41 type of Chinese jackets. The term “Tang suit” (Tangzhuang) 42 (create) because of overseas Chinese people and it has been widely used since then.
As the richest and 43 (powerful) dynasty in the history of China’s feudal (封建的) society, the Tang Empire (618~907) is 44 famous in the world that foreigners call overseas Chinese people “the Tang people”, the places 45 they live “Chinatowns” (literally meaning Tang People Streets) and the clothes they wear “Tang suit”.
A Tang suit has two varieties in Chinese culture, which 46 (be) strikingly different from each other in style. One refers to the authentic Tang-era clothes evolving from Hanfu, and it features a button-less yi overlapping the right border to the left and is tied with a sash (腰带) and an ankle-length shang, giving a free, easy and elegant 47 (impress). The other refers to the Manchu male’s jacket evolving from Magua of the Qing Dynasty (1644~1911), which is made by 48 (absorb) a Western-style suit cutting method, featuring a Mandarin collar, a frog and a duijin (a kind of Chinese-style jacket with buttons down the front).
49 (actual), the Tang suits we see today have evolved from Magua rather than Hanfu. A typical design of a Tang suit has Chinese characters on it, such as Fu (literally meaning happiness in Chinese) and Shou (literally meaning longevity in Chinese), which are often employed 50 (express) good fortune and best wishes.


五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
One day, on my way to school, I ran into a man and drop all my books to the ground. Even though it was mine fault, I shouted at him. He just smiled and helped me picked up all the books. Then he turned but walked off. When I got to the classroom, our English teacher said he would retire and that a new teacher would replace with him. To my surprise, the new teacher was same man I’d run into. I was surely I’d been an impolite boy in his eyes, but he treated me just as the other student. Even so, I felt very embarrassing. I learnt what I should always be polite to strangers.

六、其他应用文
52．最近“教育部要求9月起中小学生要学煮饭”这一话题冲上热搜，请你以“Why Students Should Learn to Cook”为题写一篇英文短文向某英语报刊投稿。内容包括：
1. 给出理由；
2. 你的建议。
注意： 1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文题目已为你写好。
Why Students Should Learn to Cook
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．B 3．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个成为世界纪录创造者的少年。
【详解】1.  细节理解题。根据第一部分的“Arham broke the record a day before his 7th birthday.(阿勒姆在他7岁生日的前一天打破了这一纪录。)”可知，Arham Om Talsania在六岁的时候打破了一个世界纪录。故选B。

2. 推理判断题。 根据第二部分“When asked about her motivation, Kenney responded that, for her, reaching the summit of Kilimanjaro meant being closer to her father in heaven, who died when she was three.(当被问及她的动机时，肯尼回答说，对她来说，登上乞力马扎罗山的顶峰意味着更接近她在天堂的父亲，他在她三岁时就去世了。)”可推断，Montannah Kenney想要登顶乞力马扎罗山是为了怀念自己的父亲。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。 根据最后一部分“While earning achievements in his favorite sport, he’s still able to get good grades in school and do well in other sports like rock climbing.(虽然在他最喜欢的运动中取得了成就，但他仍然能够在学校取得好成绩，并且在攀岩等其他运动中表现出色。)”可推断，Aashman Taneja擅长平衡学习和运动。故选D。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个植树项目——该项目的主要目的是改善产卵鲑鱼的柄息地，从而提高鲑鱼的数量。
4．细节理解题, 根据第二段“Unfortunately, due to climate change, the water temperature has been rising, causing stress to spawning salmon.(不幸的是，由于气候变化，水温一直在上升，给产卵的鲑鱼带来了压力)”及第三段“The warmer water has resulted in a decline in salmon, with catches falling by a dramatic 80 percent since1957.(水温变暖导致了鲑鱼的数量下降，自1957年以来，鲑鱼的捕获量急剧下降了80%。)”可知，鲑鱼数量减少的根本原因是气候变化。故选D。
5．细节理解题, 根据第三段“Scientists soon discovered that the water temperature in Scottish rivers was too high for the wild Atlantic salmon which prefers cold water.(科学家们很快发现，苏格兰河流的水温对于喜欢冷水的野生大西洋鲑鱼来说太高了。)”及第五段“These trees will offer cooling shade to the fish and increase wildlife biodiversity from the leaf fall that attracts insects.(这些树木将为鱼类提供阴凉，并增加野生动物的生物多样性，因为落叶会吸引昆虫。) ”可知，植树有利于鲑鱼的生长是因为树可以为喜欢冷水的鲑鱼提供阴凉。故选C。
6．主旨大意题。根据本段的内容“Since this project began, the River Dee Board and Trust, along with fisheries, has planted 250,000 trees, reaching one quarter of its goal. The company and its partners are planting various species of trees and are well on their way to reaching one million trees by 2025. The Scottish government is also carrying out an environmental protection plan for salmon.(自从这个项目开始以来，迪河董事会和信托基金与渔业一起种植了25万棵树，达到了目标的四分之一。该公司及其合作伙伴正在种植各种树木，并计划到2025年达到100万棵树。苏格兰政府也在实施一项鲑鱼环境保护计划。)”可知，本段主要介绍该项目和政府为保护鲑鱼所作出的努力。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“These cool and shaded river waters promise to be a welcome shelter for spawning salmon. And once the number of salmon has increased, anglers (垂钓者) will come and cast their rods (鱼竿) into refreshingly cool waters. And as they get their Scottish catches, there just may be a celebratory sound!(这些凉爽阴凉的河水是鲑鱼产卵的好去处。一旦鲑鱼的数量增加，垂钓者会过来把鱼竿扔进清凉的水中。当他们在苏格兰捕获猎物时，也许会有庆祝的声音!)”作者的美好畅想可推断，作者对“通过植树保护鲑鱼”这个项目的未来满怀希望的。故选A。
8．B 9．A 10．A 11．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了只需根据一个简短的描述图片的句子就可以创建图像的AI artist, DALL-E 2。
【详解】1.  推理判断题, 根据第二段的内容“OpenAI has already changed the world once with its AI writing tool, GPT 3. Released in 2020, GPT-3 shocked people by quickly creating complete and well-written articles in different styles. It can be used to finish a piece of writing, to answer questions, to write code for computers, and many other tasks.(OpenAI已经用它的人工智能写作工具GPT 3改变了一次世界。GPT-3于2020年发布，通过快速创建不同风格的完整且写得很好的文章而震惊了人们。它可以用来完成一篇文章，回答问题，为计算机编写代码，以及许多其他任务。)”及第三段“In fact, DALL-E grew out of an effort to apply GPT-3 to images.(事实上，DALL-E源于将GPT-3应用于图像的努力。)”可知， 第二段提到GPT-3 是为了说明开发 DALL-E2 的基础。故选B。

2.  细节理解题, 根据第四段“DALL-E 2 is even more advanced. It can create larger images in much more detail. It has another new talent: The user can select an area of an image and ask DALL-E 2 to put something into the picture, or take it out.(DALL-E2更为先进。它可以创建更大更详细的图像。它还有另一项新功能:用户可以选择图像的一个区域，并要求DALL-E2在图像中添加或删除某些内容。) ”可知，DALL-E 2 优于第一个版本的地方在于它可以编辑已有的图片。故选A。
3.  细节理解题, 根据第六段“Still, OpenAI is also worried about the power of DALL-E 2—but for a different reason. The company wants to make sure the tool won’t be used for illegal purposes.(尽管如此，OpenAI也因为不同的原因也担心DALL-E 2的能力。该公司希望确保该工具不会被用于非法目的) ”可知， OpenAI 担心 DALL-E 2 可能会被滥用。故选A。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文, 尤其是文章第一段“A company called OpenAI has recently announced a new version of its AI artist, DALL-E 2. Given just a short sentence describing a picture, the tool can create complex images in many different styles.(一家名为OpenAI的公司最近宣布了一款新版本的人工智能艺术家 DALL-E 2。只要给出描述图片的简短句子，该工具就可以创建许多不同风格的复杂图像)”可知，本文主要介绍了只需根据一个简短的描述图片的句子就可以创建图像的DALL-E 2。所以，用D项“DALL-E 2 Creates Pictures from Words”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符合。故选D。
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国心理学协会发表的一项研究表明，人们总是低估他人对建设性反馈的渴望，因此不会提供反馈，即使这种反馈可能会有助于提高他人的表现。
【详解】1.细节理解题。 根据第二段“Previous research suggests people avoid giving feedback because they’re afraid that it will embarrass or upset the other person, or that doing so may harm their relationships. (之前的研究表明，人们避免给予反馈是因为他们害怕这会让对方感到尴尬或不安，或者这样做可能会损害他们的关系。)”可知，之前的研究表明，人们未能给出反馈是因为害怕会带来不好的结果。故选B。

2. 词句猜测题。 根据画线词所在句“The more consequential the feedback was, the more likely participants were to underestimate the other’s need for feedback and the less likely they were to offer it. (反馈越consequential，参与者越有可能低估对方对反馈的需求，他们就越不可能提供反馈。)”及画线词后“The gap was smaller in more everyday, less important situations, such as when the other person had food on their face. (在更日常、更不重要的情况下，比如当对方脸上有食物时，这种差距会更小。)”可推断，反馈不太重要，人们就比较愿意给出反馈，反馈越重要，参与者越可能低估对方的需求，不可能提供反馈，画线词的意思与 Important 的意思最为接近。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“The researchers were surprised to find that simply asking people to quickly reflect “If you were this person, would you want feedback?” helped participants recognize the value of feedback to the other person and helped close the giver-receiver gap. “Take a second and ask yourself if you would want feedback if you were them. Most likely you would, and this realization can help empower you to give them feedback,” said Abi-Esber.(研究人员惊讶地发现，简单地让人们快速反思“如果你是这个人，你想要反馈吗?”帮助参与者认识到反馈对他人的价值，并帮助缩小了给予者和接受者之间的差距。“花点时间问问自己，如果你是他们，你是否需要反馈。很有可能你会，这种认识可以帮助你给他们反馈，”阿比-埃斯伯说。)”可推断，问问自己如果你是这个人，你想要反馈吗，可能会有助于给别人反馈，因此推断如果想让人们更乐意给出建设性的反馈， 让其换位思考是个办法。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。 根据最后一段的内容, 尤其是“The next time you hear someone mispronounce a word, or see a dirty mark on their shirt, point it out to them — they probably want feedback more than you think.(下次你听到别人发错音的时候，或者在他们的衬衫上看到一个脏的标记，指出给他们看——他们可能比你想象的更需要反馈。)”可推断，Francesca Gino建议人们要积极给出反馈、提供建议。故选C。
16．G 17．B 18．E 19．D 20．F

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个有助于面试的肢体语言。
16．根据空前“During an interview, your main job is to sell yourself as a confident and capable asset. But how can you do that? One thing you should do is think about your body language.( 在面试中，你的主要工作是把自己推销成一个自信而有能力的人。但你怎么能做到呢?你应该做的一件事是考虑你的肢体语言)”及下文每段的主题句可知，空处承上启下，引出下文有关面试时肢体语言的一些建议。G项“下面是一些在面试中使用肢体语言的方法”符合语境。故选G。
17．根据空前“Give a good handshake but not too good. We’ve all heard that a handshake should be firm because one that is too soft can make you appear weak or shy.(握手时要用力，但不要太用力。我们都听说过握手要有力，因为太软会让你显得软弱或害羞。)”及空后“You should avoid that.(你应该避免那些)”可知，空处应是在握手时需要避免的事情，承接上文，不要太用力的握手，因此推断B项“但是也有人握手握得太紧”符合语境。故选B。
18．根据段落主题“Watch your posture(姿势)and maintain eye contact.( 注意你的姿势，保持眼神交流)”可知，此处讲述有关坐姿和眼神的情况，空后“Nothing conveys disinterest and lack of confidence like a slouch (懒散的人).( 没有什么比无精打采更能传达出不感兴趣和缺乏自信的了)”可知，不要显得无精打采，要坐直。因此推断E项“有一点似乎是显而易见的, 但依然需要重复，那就是‘坐直’”符合语境，说明坐姿要避免显得无精打采。故选E。
19．空处为段落主题句。根据空后的内容, 尤其是“If you keep putting your hands on or near your face, it can send the message that you’re not comfortable with what you’re saying. When you’re not gesturing, put your hands in your lap. And don’t forget to smile—a smile not only conveys warmth, receptivity and positivity, it also helps reduce stress.( 如果你一直把手放在脸上或靠近脸，这可能会传递出你对自己所说的话感到不舒服的信息。当你不做手势的时候，把你的手放在膝盖上。别忘了微笑——微笑不仅传达了温暖、接受和积极，还有助于减轻压力)”可知, 此处讲述手的位置，以及保持微笑的重要性。因此推断D项“手离脸远点并保持微笑”为最佳标题。故选D。
20．根据空前“Active listening is a key part of any interview.(积极倾听是任何面试的关键部分) ”可知，积极倾听是重要的， F项“你的这种做法是在向面试官表明你的全部注意力都在他们身上”符合语境，说明积极倾听表明你得注意力集中在面试官身上，承上启下，so指代上文的Active listening。故选F。

21．D 22．A 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．D 38．C 39．A 40．C

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。经济萧条时期，教会的青年小组决定给那些可能需要鼓励的人分发加油卡或玫瑰花, 文章讲述了其中一个故事：作者和一位同事在一个加油站为一个准备去面试，车子却没有的年轻女士提供油卡，对她人生会有积极影响。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更高的天然气价格和灾难性的洪水加剧了这种萧条。A. fear恐惧；B. thrill刺激；C. curiosity好奇心；D. depression萧条。根据上文“Some years ago, when a factory with 75,000 workers closed in our city, there was a feeling of sadness. (几年前，当我们市一家拥有75000名工人的工厂倒闭时，人们感到很悲伤。)”可知，工厂倒闭，经济萧条，而天然气价格上升，以及因洪水遭受的损失，使人们的生活愈加艰难，经济更为萧条（depression）。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们教会的青年小组决定做些好事，让我们的城市恢复生机。A. decided决定；B. hated讨厌；C. failed失败；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“Some years ago, when a factory with 75,000 workers closed in our city, there was a feeling of sadness. Higher gas prices and disastrous floods added to such ___1___. (几年前，当一个拥有75，000名工人的工厂在我们城市关闭时，有一种悲伤的感觉。天然气价格上涨和灾难性的洪水加剧了这种萧条。)”，以及下文“One of our ___3___ was to buy $25 gas cards and bouquets (花束) of roses, and randomly give them out to people who might need some ___4___. (我们的一个……是买25美元的加油卡和玫瑰花束，然后随机分发给那些可能需要……的人。)”可知，面对经济萧条、物价飞涨、以及洪水灾害，教会的青年小组决定做点什么来帮助城市，提升人们的情绪，且把这种想法付诸于行动了。decided符合语境。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一个想法是买25美元的加油卡和玫瑰花束，然后随机分发给那些可能需要鼓励的人。A. opportunities机会；B. abilities能力；C. rewards奖励；D. ideas想法。根据上文“Our church youth group ___2___ to bring our city back to life by doing something nice. (我们教会的青年小组决定做些好事，让我们的城市恢复生机。)”可知，青年小组的成员想做好事来恢复城市生机，所以会想到一些点子（ideas）。故选D项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一个想法是买25美元的加油卡和玫瑰花束，然后随机分发给那些可能需要鼓励的人。A. encouragement鼓励；B. education教育；C. company公司；D. information信息。根据上文“Higher gas prices and disastrous floods added to such ___1___.(更高的天然气价格和灾难性的洪水加剧了这种萧条。)”，“Our church youth group ___2___ to bring our city back to life by doing something nice. (我们教会的青年小组决定做些好事，让我们的城市恢复生机。)”可知，百姓遭受经济萧条、物价飞涨、洪水灾害，青年小组决定随机发放加油卡和玫瑰花束，给那些有需求的人送上一份鼓励（encouragement）。故选A项。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，我们的一个成员和我看到一个25岁左右的年轻女子把车停在加油站前。A. walk off走开；B. pull up停车；C. run away逃跑；D. fall down跌倒。根据下文“to the gas pump”可知，应该是这位年轻的女士把车停在加油站处准备加油，pull up符合语境。故选B项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她翻了翻钱包，然后抽泣起来。A. Otherwise否则；B. Instead代替；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。根据上文“One day, one of our members and I watched a young woman in her mid-twenties ___5___ to the gas pump. She didn’t get out of her car. (一天，我们的一个成员和我看到一个25岁左右的年轻女子把车停在加油站前。她没有下车。)”可知，到加油站了却不下车，不加油，反而坐在车里哭，Instead符合语境。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她翻了翻钱包，然后抽泣起来。A. scream尖叫；B. pray祈祷；C. sob抽泣；D. whisper耳语。根据下文“Upon hearing the knock, the young lady wiped away her tears (听到敲窗声，这位年轻的女士擦去了眼泪)”，tears呼应此处的sob，故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很有礼貌地走过去敲了敲窗户，给了她一张免费的加油卡。A. offer提供；B. lend借出；C. post邮政；D. sell出售。根据下文“We said to her, ‘Here is a free twenty-five dollar gas card for you, and we just want to be helpful.’ ___10___, she slowly reached out to take the gas card and then told us her story. (我们对她说，‘这是一张25美元的免费加油卡，我们只是想帮忙。’……，她慢慢地伸手拿了加油卡，然后给我们讲了她的故事。)”可知，教会的青年小组的成员主动提供免费油卡给这位女士，故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到敲窗声，年轻的女士擦干眼泪，努力使自己镇定下来，然后摇下了车窗。A. praise赞美；B. dress着装；C. compose使镇静；D. show显示。根据前半句“the young lady wiped away her tears”可知，这位女士在摇下车窗前，先平复了一下心情。此处考查动词短语compose oneself，意为“使自己镇定”。故选C项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她犹豫着，慢慢地伸手拿了加油卡，然后给我们讲了她的故事。A. Instantly瞬间；B. Hesitantly犹豫不决；C. Occasionally偶尔；D. Casually随意。根据下文“She’d ___15___ she had one last ten-dollar bill in her purse, but she couldn’t find it. Thinking she would ___16___ her interview，she broke down and cried. (她原……钱包里还有最后一张十美元的钞票，但她找不到了。想到可能会……面试，她崩溃了，哭了起来)”，以及上文“We said to her. ‘Here is a free twenty-five dollar gas card for you, and we just want to be helpful.’ (我们对她说，‘这是一张免费的二十五美元的加油卡给你，我们只是想帮忙。’)”可知，在穷途末路时，有人主动帮助，本来只想加10美元的油，这位年轻的女士伸手时犹豫了一下（Hesitantly），因为这数额太大了，故选B项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她已经失业很长时间了，一直在努力维持自己的生活。A. injured受伤的；B. interrupted中断的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. unemployed失业的。根据下文“In fact, she was singing on her way to it when her gas gauge (仪表) showed ‘___14___’. (事实上，她在去面试的路上唱歌时，突然油表显示为‘……’。)”可知，此处这位女士正在去面试的路上，说明前阶段她失业了（unemployed）。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经失业很长时间了，一直在努力维持自己的生活。A. pretending假装；B. struggling挣扎、努力；C. refusing拒绝；D. affording提供。根据前半句“She had been ___11___ for a long time”，以及下文“She had trouble making ends meet but was ___13___ about a job interview she would have that day. (她很难维持收支平衡，但对当天的面试……。)”可知，没有经济来源的情况下，收支不平衡，要维持生计比较困难，struggling符合语境。故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她难以维持生计，但对当天的工作面试持乐观态度。A. particular特别的；B. angry生气的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“In fact, she was singing on her way to it when her gas gauge (仪表) showed ‘___14___’. (事实上，她在去面试的路上唱歌时，突然油表显示为‘……’。)”，以及本句中的转折关系，生活窘迫，但是心态依旧乐观，此处考查形容词短语be optimistic about，故选C项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上,她在去面试的路上唱歌时，突然油表显示为‘空’。A. enough足够的；B. empty空的；C. full满的；D. fine好的。根据前文讲她要加油和下文“she began pumping her gas(她开始加油)”可知，需要加油，应该是车子油箱里没油了，empty符合语境。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她原以为钱包里还有最后一张十美元的钞票，但她找不到了。A. sworn宣誓；B. forgotten遗忘；C. announced宣布；D. thought认为。根据上文“___6___, she looked through her purse and then began to ___7___. (相反，她翻了翻钱包，然后抽泣起来。)”可知，这位年轻女子翻钱包，是因为翻包之前，她认为自己包里有钱，thought符合语境。故选D项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到可能会错过面试，她崩溃了，哭了起来。 A. miss错过；B. attend参加；C. enjoy享受；D. change改变。根据上文“She had trouble making ends meet but was ___13___ about a job interview she would have that day. In fact, she was singing on her way to it when her gas gauge (仪表) showed ‘___14___’. (她难以维持生计，但对当天的工作面试持乐观态度。事实上，她在去面试的路上唱歌时，突然油表显示为‘空’)”可知，本来这次出门就是去面试的，但现在没钱加油，可能会错过面试。miss符合语境。故选A项。
37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她看着我们说，“你不知道你为我做了什么。非常感谢！”A. glared at瞪着；B. shouted at对……喊叫；C. laughed at嘲笑；D. looked at看着。根据语境，这位女士在表达感谢时，眼睛注视着（looked at）送给她油卡的人。故选D项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到她开始加油时喜极而泣。A. sorrow悲伤；B. shame羞愧；C. joy喜悦；D. victory胜利。根据上文“She ___17___ us and said. ‘You have no idea what you’ve done for me. Thank you so much!’ (她看着我们说，‘你不知道你为我做了什么。非常感谢！’)”可知，得到及时帮助的这位女士此处非常开心（joy）。故选C项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，我们一直延续着分发玫瑰和汽油卡的传统。A. tradition传统；B. dream梦想；C. hobby爱好；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Some years ago, when a factory with 75,000 workers closed in our city, there was a feeling of sadness. Higher gas prices and disastrous floods added to such ___1___. (几年前，当一个拥有75，000名工人的工厂在我们城市关闭时，有一种悲伤的感觉。天然气价格上涨和灾难性的洪水加剧了这种萧条。)”，以及“Our church youth group ___2___ to bring our city back to life by doing something nice. One of our ___3___ was to buy $25 gas cards and bouquets (花束) of roses, and randomly give them out to people who might need some ___4___. (我们教会的青年小组决定做些好事，让我们的城市恢复生机。我们的一个想法是买25美元的加油卡和玫瑰花束，然后随机分发给那些可能需要鼓励的人。)”可知，分发玫瑰和汽油卡的做法已经延续好几年了，成为一个传统（tradition）。故选A项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅改变了我们的生活，也改变了那些接受者的生活。A. discovery发现；B. bargain讨价还价；C. difference差异；D. choice选择。根据上文“Our church youth group ___2___ to bring our city back to life by doing something nice. One of our ___3___ was to buy $25 gas cards and bouquets (花束) of roses, and randomly give them out to people who might need some ___4___. (我们教会的青年小组决定做些好事，让我们的城市恢复生机。我们的一个想法是买25美元的加油卡和玫瑰花束，然后随机分发给那些可能需要鼓励的人。)”，“She ___17___ us and said. ‘You have no idea what you’ve done for me. Thank you so much!’ (她看着我们说，‘你不知道你为我做了什么。非常感谢！’)”可知，青年小组给急需帮助的人赠送油卡和玫瑰花，给对方的生活带来积极的影响，此处考查动词短语make a difference，意为“产生影响”，故选C项。

41．a 42．was created 43．most powerful 44．so 45．where 46．are 47．impression 48．absorbing 49．Actually 50．to express

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了关于唐装的相关信息，介绍了唐装的起源，在古代的象征意义以及现代对于唐装的使用和象征含义等。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：唐装通常是指一种中式上衣。a type of意为“一种”，用于泛指，为固定用法。故填a。

2. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：“唐装”一词是由海外华人创造的，从那时起就被广泛使用。分析句子可知，主语The term “Tang suit” (Tangzhuang)和谓语动词create之间是被动关系，主语是单数，并且唐装是在古代创造的，因此一般过去时的被动语态，因此be动词用was。故填was created。
3.  考查形容词的最高级。句意：作为中国封建社会历史上最富有、最强大的王朝，唐朝（618-907）在世界上是如此的著名，以至于外国人称海外华人为“唐人”，他们居住的地方为“唐人街”（字面意思是唐人的街），他们穿的衣服为“唐装”。根据并列的形容词最高级richest及空前的the可知，此处用所给形容词的最高级作定语，修饰dynasty。故填most powerful。
4.  考查副词。句意同上。此处考查“so ... that...”结构, 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so修饰形容词famous作状语，故填so。
5. 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the places，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故此处用关系副词where。故填where。
6. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：唐装在中国文化中有两种，风格截然不同。该空为非限制性定语从句谓语部分，此处是一般性陈述，故此处用一般现在时，又因为从句主语which指代先行词two varieties，故此处用are。故填are。
7.考查名词。句意：一种是由汉服演变而来的正宗唐朝服装，它的特点是无扣的衣在右边缘重叠到左边缘，并用腰带和及踝的腰带系在一起，给人一种自由、轻松和优雅的印象。根据空前的修饰词“a free, easy and elegant”可知，此处用所给动词的名词形式，且为单数，作宾语。故填impression。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种是指清朝（1644-1911）马褂演变而来的满族男性上衣，吸收西式西装剪裁方法制成，以马褂领、蛙形或者对襟（一种胸前有纽扣的中国式上衣）为特色。主动含义，此处用所给动词的动名词一般式作介词by的宾语。故填absoring。
9. 考查副词。句意：实际上，我们今天看到的唐装是从马褂演变而来的，而不是汉服。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰整个句子，作状语，首字母大写。故填Actually。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：典型的唐装图案上有汉字，比如福（中文字面意思是幸福）和寿（中文字面意思是长寿），通常用来表达好运和最美好的祝愿。此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to express。
51．1.drop→dropped
2.mine→my
3.picked→pick
4.but→and
5.去掉with
6.same前加the
7.surely→sure
8.student→students
9.embarrassing→embarrassed
10.what→that或去掉what
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者几年前上学路上对一个被自己撞到的人很粗鲁，结果发现这人正是自己的新老师，还好新老师并没有区别对待作者，这让作者学会了对陌生人要有礼貌。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：我撞上了一个人，我所有的书都掉到了地上。根据上文“I ran into a man”可知，并列谓语动词drop应用一般过去时。故将drop改为dropped。
2.考查代词。句意：尽管是我的错，我还是对他大喊大叫。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词my作定语，mine是名词性物主代词。故将mine改为my。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：他只是笑了笑，帮我把所有的书捡起来。分析句子可知，help后可以接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，help sb. do sth.，此处pick作宾语补足语，故将picked改为pick。
4.考查连词。句意：然后他转身走开了。根据句意前后文是顺承关系，故将but改为and。
5.考查介词。句意：当我到达教室时，我们的英语老师说他要退休了，会有一个新老师代替他。replace是及物动词，直接接宾语，replace…with…“用……代替……”，此处him是replace的宾语，故去掉with。
6.考查冠词。句意：令我吃惊的是，新老师正是我撞到的那个人。结合句意表示“一样，同一”可知短语为the same。故same前加the。
7.考查形容词。句意：在他眼里，我肯定是一个不礼貌的男孩，但他却把我当作其他学生一样对待。作表语用形容词sure，故将surely改为sure。
8.考查名词。句意同上。根据句意，此处表示“其他的学生”，用可数名词student的复数形式，故将student改为students。
9.考查形容词。句意：即便如此，我还是觉得很尴尬。作表语用形容词，说明人的感受，修饰人，用ed形式形容词embarrassed“尴尬的”，embarrassing修饰物，表示“令人尴尬的”，故将embarrassing改为embarrassed。
10.考查宾语从句。句意：我学会了对陌生人要有礼貌。分析句子可知，learnt后是宾语从句，句子成分齐全，句意完整，用连接词that，或者省略，故what改为that或者去掉what。
52．One possible version:
Why Students Should Learn to Cook
Recently, a topic has drawn much attention that primary and middle students are required to learn to cook as part of school education. I think learning to cook is necessary for students as it can benefit them in various aspects.
Firstly, cooking is a basic survival skill, which is especially indispensable as students grow independent. Secondly, students can develop essential qualities, such as patience, carefulness and creativity, in the process of learning to cook. More importantly, while engaged in cooking, students can interact with their parents in a relaxed way, thus improving the parent-child relationship.
Therefore, students should actively learn to cook, not only at school but also at home.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。最近“教育部要求9月起中小学生要学煮饭”这一话题冲上热搜，请你以“Why Students Should Learn to Cook”为题写一篇英文短文向某英语报刊投稿。内容包括：1. 给出理由；2. 你的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
最近：recently→lately
各种各样的：various→a variety of
此外：secondly→what’s more
参与：be engaged in→be involved in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefore, students should actively learn to cook, not only at school but also at home.
拓展句：Therefore, it is essential that students should actively learn to cook, not only at school but also at home.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, a topic has drawn much attention that primary and middle students are required to learn to cook as part of school education. (运用了that引导同位语从句)
【高分句型2】Firstly, cooking is a basic survival skill, which is especially indispensable as students grow independent. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)