专题06.Unit 3 Family matters--Developing ideas单词，课文预习-初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）（外研版必修第一册）

Unit 3　Family matters --Developing ideas单词，课文预习

一．词汇预先知

一、单词——记其形

1.style n.　风格

2.extra adj.  额外的，另外的

3.detail n.  细节，细微之处

4.contain v.  包含，含有

5.summary n.  总结，概要

6.series n.  系列比赛

7.onto prep.  到……上，向……上，朝……上

8.media n.  新闻媒体，传媒

9.despite prep.  尽管，虽然

10.throughout prep.  在整个期间，自始至终

11.entire adj.  全部的，整个的

12.positive adj.  好的，积极的

13.athlete n.  运动员，田径运动员

14.medal n.  奖牌，勋章

15.indeed adv.  当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答)

二、单词——知其意

1.feature n.  (报纸或杂志的)特写

2.individual adj.  独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义)

3.triathlon n.  铁人三项运动

4.track n.  跑道

5.disqualify v.  (因犯规而)取消……的资格

6.somehow adv.  用某种方法，不知怎的

三、拓展单词——通其变

1.admire v.钦佩，赞美，羡慕→admiration n.羡慕→admirable adj.令人羡慕的

2.judge v.认为，判断→judgement n.意见；判断力；审判

3.settle v.和解，结束(争论)→settler  n.移民；殖民者→settlement n.殖民；移民

4.typically adv.一般，通常→typical adj.典型的，有代表性的

5.powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的→power n.力量，能力

6.obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地→obvious adj.明显的

7.enormously adv.非常，极其→enormous adj.庞大的；凶暴的

Ⅱ.核心短语

1.settle for   勉强接受，将就

2.in the lead   领先

3.in trouble  陷入困境

4.now and then  时而；有时

5.leave behind  抛下；留下；把……抛在后面

6.aim for  针对；目的在于

7.finish line   终点线

8.start with   以……开始

9.no longer   不再

10.end up doing   最终成为，最后处于

二．课文精研读

原文呈现

JUST A BROTHER

1 It was the final① part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series② in Mexico.With just 700 metres to go【1】，Alistair Brownlee was in third place③ and his younger brother，Jonny，was in the lead④.Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line⑤ in the burning⑥ heat，but as he came round the corner【2】，he saw his brother about to fall onto the track⑦【3】.Alistair had to choose —brotherly⑧ love，or a chance to win the race【4】？

【1】此处为“with＋宾语＋不定式”复合结构。

【2】此处为as引导的时间状语从句，as在此意为“当……时”。

【3】此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构。be about to do sth即将做某事，about为形容词，about to fall onto the track为形容词短语作宾语补足语。

【4】此处为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 chance。

2 For Alistair，the choice was clear.His brother was in trouble⑨.He had to help.Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move⑩ put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected⑪ end to the race，but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media⑫.He just wanted to see his younger brother，who had been rushed to⑬ the medical area.

3 The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children【5】.“Obviously⑭，when your older brother is doing it，you think it’s a cool thing to do，” says Jonny.Alistair says that they encourage⑮ each other as much as they can⑯ when they train.Despite⑰ arguments⑱ over “stupid things” now and then⑲，Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage⑳【6】. “Throughout my entire life，I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do 【7】.It has been an enormously positive force.”

【5】since在此引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成进行时。

【6】此处为v.-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

【7】此处属于“have sb doing”结构，表示“使某人一直做某事”。I do为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。

4 Watched by millions【8】，the ending to the race has divided opinions：should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions? But for Alistair，his  decision was easy to explain【9】：“Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind【10】.” At that moment，he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal【11】—he was just a brother.

【8】Watched by millions为过去分词短语作状语。

【9】此处属于“主语＋ be＋ adj.＋不定式”结构。

【10】此处表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语形式为would have done，从句谓语形式为had done。

【11】此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 athlete。

三．随堂精训练

【基 础 练】

一.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式

1.The problem is far from being settled (解决), so it will be discussed again.

2.One of the features (特色) of the films directed by him is that they feature no film stars.

3.We were required not to let out any important details (细节) before they were made public.

4.Exercising regularly has a  positive (积极的) influence on our body health.

5.The museum is open daily  throughout (在整个期间)the year.

6.The more powerful (power) the car，the more difficult it is to handle.

7.I’d prefer to reserve my  judgement (judge) until I find all the evidence.

8.Deeply moved by her performance，the whole audience clapped with admiration (admire).

9.Obviously (obvious)，the little boy lied to the villagers.

10.Throughout my entire life, I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do.It has been an enormously (enormous) positive force.

二.单句语法填空

1.We still decided to carry out the plan despite the various disadvantages.

2.All those who knew him admired him  for his work.

3.Judging only by/from exam results, the school is the best one in our city.

4.With the problem settled (settle)，he went to the band happily.

5.Not knowing when we should meet, I called our teacher for information in__detail.

6.In summary，this was a disappointing performance.

7.It is obvious that they are having fun on the seaside.

8.Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage  over the other applicants for the job.

三.选词填空

now and then，to one’s surprise，have...in mind，in the lead，leave...behind，at that moment，end up，in trouble

1.He set off for London，leaving the children  behind with their mother.

2.If you are in trouble,Mike is always willing to give you a hand.

3.If I can only stay ahead of the other runners，now that I am in the lead，I can win this race!

4.Even though Joe and I work in the same building，we only see each other now and then.

5.If you don’t know what you want，you might  end up getting something you don’t want.

6.To our surprise,at the back of the classroom sat many teachers from different parts of the city.

7.Watching TV all evening wasn’t exactly what I  had in mind.

8.It was at that moment that I asked myself that significant question.

四.完成句子

1.The chair looks rather hard，but in fact it  is very comfortable to sit on.

这把椅子看上去很硬，但事实上坐在上面很舒服。

2.With a lot of difficult problems to settle,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

由于许多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统日子很不好过。

3.When he was riding a bike in the street，he  had his arm hurt.

当他在街上骑车时胳膊受了伤。

4.Watched by millions of audience，the opening ceremony turned out to be a great success.

在数以百万计的观众观看下，开幕式取得了巨大的成功。

5.As is reported，it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.

据报道，自清华大学建校以来已有一百多年了。

五.语法填空

A recent study shows that most adults did household chores 1.____________ (active) when they were young.Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before，2.____________ same study shows.

An expert said，“Parents today want their kids to spend more time 3.____________ things that can bring them money and honour.They have stopped 4.____________ (do) the one thing that has proven to bring success. That is doing household chores.”

Another study finds that compared with the kids 5.____________ didn’t do household chores，young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely 6.____________ (succeed). They had better family relationships，did better in school，performed better at work and were more independent.

Personal happiness 7.____________ (say) to come from strong relationships.It begins by learning to be kind and 8.____________ (help) to their parents at home.

If your kids say they have to skip chores because it’s time they 9.____________ (deal) with their homework，you’d better not let them off the hook.If you do，your child may think grades are more important than caring about others.“What may seem like small 10.____________ (message) at the moment add up to big ones over time，” says an expert.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。作者认为，父母要培养孩子们从小做家务的习惯。

1.actively　[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词did，修饰动词要用副词，所以要用active的副词形式actively。]

2.the　[考查冠词。此处的“study”就是上文提到的“study”，是特指，故用定冠词the。]

3.on　[考查介词。spend sth on sth为固定搭配，意为“把……花在……上”。故此处填介词on。]

4.doing　[考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，这里说的是“停止做某事”，而不是“停下来去做某事”，故用stop doing sth。]

5.who/that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导定语从句，先行词为kids，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此填who/that。]

6.to succeed　[考查固定句型。be likely to do sth为固定句型，意为“有可能做某事”，所以此处要填to succeed。]

7.is said　[考查固定结构。本句含有“be said＋动词不定式”结构，且这里说的是现在的一般情况，主语为Personal happiness，因此填is said。]

8.helpful　[考查形容词。本空应填形容词helpful与kind并列作表语。]

9.dealt/should deal　[考查固定句型。It’s time (that)...为固定句型，that从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用一般过去或“should＋do”，其中should不可以省略，故填dealt/should deal。]

10.messages　[考查名词的数。message是可数名词，其前没有冠词，故要用其复数形式messages。]