外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries精品课后练习题

选择性必修第二册练习

Unit 4 Breaking boundaries

Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & reflection

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.The school was named 　　　　　memory of a man named Tian Jiabing. 

2.Great changes 　　　　　(take) place in my hometown in the past two years. 

3.The team led by Yuan Longping has been 　　　　　struggle for enough rice over the past decades. 

4.He tried 　　　　　vain to persuade his father to give up smoking. 

5.The captain as well　　　　　his team made a joint effort to win the gold medal. 

6.The famous journalist is always 　　　　　(engage) in covering a story in the world. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

1.It was impossible to persuade him to 　　　　　. 

2.Durng the tsunami, she even didn’t have the intelligence to call for an ambulance 　　　　　. 

3.During the time in the hidden place, Anne 　　　　　a series of facts in a diary. 

4.The PRC has made great achievement in fighting the virus,　　　　　the “China speed” that has astonished the world. 

5.Let’s 　　　　　the plan after the meeting. 

6.Many people like to 　　　　　generation gaps.

7.He failed to 　　　　　some items of the contract, and now he has to answer for the consequences. 

8.Even the smallest error in the space station can 　　　　　a disaster. 

9.I think the kids developed their ideas 　　　　　logically. 

10.The earthquake gave rise to 　　　　　people losing their homes. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.该系统的发展使适应人们的日常需求成为可能。

The development of the system 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　people’s day-to-day needs. 

2.那本书收录了他的50首诗,其中多数创作于20世纪30年代。

The book contains his 50 poems, most of which were written 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

3.从某种程度上,庞贝就像一个“时间胶囊”,保存着历史上冻结的时刻。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　,Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history. 

4.人人生而平等 ,无论是黑人还是白人,男人还是女人。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,no matter whether they’re black or white,men or women. 

5.曼德拉(一生)致力于人类自由与平等,于2013年12月5号去世。

Devoted to freedom and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,Mandela passed away on December 5,2013. 

IV阅读理解

1.

    It was almost the worst birthday of Abraham Lincoln's life.

    On February 11, 1861 (the day before he turned fifty-two), Lincoln left for Washington to become the nation's sixteenth President. As he left home in Springfield, Illinois, Lincoln handed his son Robert a black oilskin(油布) bag, and told him to keep it carefully. He did not tell Robert what was inside.

    Unknown to his seventeen-year-old son, Lincoln had placed his newly written inaugural speech in the bag. It was to be the most important speech he ever made. And it was his only copy.

    When the train arrived in Indianapolis----the first stop on the long journey---Lincoln rode off in a special carriage without his family. Robert walked from the station to the local hotel.

    When Robert arrived at the hotel, he learned that his family's rooms were not ready. So he asked that the bag should be held at the front desk. Then he went off to be with friends.

    On his return, Robert found his father waiting anxiously. Where was the bag? Robert explained that he had checked it at the desk.

An angry Lincoln sped to the hall and leaped over the front desk. He began searching through a huge pile of luggage.

    As puzzled guests looked on, Lincoln dragged from the pile a familiar-looking black bag and opened it, only to find someone else's dirty clothes. It was the wrong bag. Back he went to the pile.

    At last he found the valuable bag and the speech inside. Lincoln handed it to his son and said strictly, “Now you keep it!”

    It was the one and only time, Robert said, that his father had ever lost his temper at him. But with his speech fond and his birthday yet to be celebrated, Abraham Lincoln grew cheerful. As Robert proudly recalled, “Father did not scold(责骂).”

（1）The underlined words “inaugural speech” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to a speech_________.           

A.made to a school
B.written by Lincoln's secretary
C.to take office of President
D.to give at Indianapolis station

（2）Lincoln gave his newly written inaugural speech to Robert in order to__________.           

A.have Robert make a copy of it
B.let Robert keep an eye on it
C.ask Robert to have a read
D.train the independence of Robert

（3）Robert began to realize the importance of the bag when         .           

A.he found his father very anxious
B.his father handed the bag to him
C.his father returned the bag to him
D.he arrived at the Indianapolis station

（4）From the text we can infer that Lincoln was          .           

A.warm-hearted
B.strong-willed
C.bad-tempered
D.readily-trusting

2. 

    One time a young man, who hoped to study law, wrote to Lincoln for advice, and Lincoln replied, "If you are determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already. Always bear in mind that your own determination to succeed is more important than any other one thing."

    Lincoln knew. He had gone through it all. He had never, in his entire life, had more than a total of one year's schooling. And books？Lincoln once said he had walked to borrow every book with in fifty miles of his home. A fire was usually kept going all night in the small house and he read by the light of it.

    He walked twenty or thirty miles to hear a speaker and, returning home, he practiced his talks everywhere﹣in the fields, in the woods, before the crowds. He joined several societies and practiced speaking on the topics of the day.

    A lack of confidence always troubled him. In the presence of women he was shy and dumb. Even when he was in love with Mary Todd, he used to sit there, nervous and silent, unable to find words, listening while she did the talking. Yet that was the man who, by practice and home study, made himself into the speaker who debated with the famous speaker Douglas! That was the man who, in Gettysburg address, rose to the heights of eloquence （雄辩） that have seldom been achieved in all the human history.

    Small wonder that, speaking of his own great barriers and painful struggle, he wrote, "If you are determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already."

（1）What does the underlined word "it"（in Paragraph 2）refer to？           

A. Earning a fortune.      B. Making a living.      C. Asking for advice.      D. Becoming a law yer.

（2）What is the key point of the fourth paragraph？           

A. Lincoln's courage.                                            B. Lincoln's position.
C. Lincoln's progress.                                           D. Lincoln's eloquence.

（3）What is the most vital spirit reflected in Lincoln's story above？           

A. Believing in oneself.                                         B. Keeping on practicing hard.
C. Overcoming difficulties.                                   D. Sticking to one's determination.

3.

    How's this for a coincidence (巧合)? Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln were born in the same year, on the same day: Feb. 12, 1809. Although people hardly think of them together, yet we want to say that they belong together. It's not just because they were both great men, and not because they happen to live at the same time. Rather, it's because the scientist and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world.

    They were both revolutionaries in the sense that both men changed the realities when they were born. They seem and sound modern to us, because the world they left behind them is more or less the one we still live in. So, considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays ---- it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man? It's an apples and oranges--- or Superman vs. Santa---comparison. But if you limit the question to influence, very quickly the balance tips in Lincoln's favor.

    As great as his book on evolution is, it does no harm to remember that Darwin hurried to publish The Origin of Species because he thought he was about to be scooped (抢先) by his fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace. Lincoln, however, is unique. True, his election as the president did cause the recession (衰退) and the war, but that war seems certain to happen---not a question of if but when. Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned, leaving the issue of racial (种族的) equality unsolved for another century.

    Surely we should not deny Darwin's accomplishment. But their same birthdays gave us a great opportunity to observe these men of their time.

（1）Why does the author say Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln belong together?           

A.They were born on the same day.
B.They lived in the same period of time.
C.They started revolutions changing the world.
D.They were both great men in the history.

（2）What does the author mean by "an apples and oranges---- or Superman vs. Santa –comparison"?           

A.It is hard to tell which one is greater as they are both outstanding.
B.The comparison between Darwin and Lincoln is easy and obvious.
C.It is difficult to compare them as they are as famous as Superman and Santa.
D.There is no point comparing them because they were born on the same day.

（3）Lincoln's contribution to the world can be best described as__________.           

A.narrow
B.aggressive
C.independent
D.ground-breaking

（4）What can we learn from the passage?           

A.Lincoln's success in election caused reconstruction.
B.Lincoln had tried to solve the racial problem.
C.Darwin was unique compared with Lincoln.
D.Darwin's theory is similar to Lincoln's belief.

V.任务型阅读

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 

    History is a record of what has happened in the past. ________ The really fascinating thing is that much of history has been repeated time and again. It allows us to learn from the past, both the mistakes and the successes.  

    One of the benefits of history is reading how other people have overcome tremendous challenges in their life. These challenges, although particular to a person, or to a certain time in the past, or occurring in a different country or culture, all convey the same thing. ________

    ________ He encountered many failures while on the road to finally inventing the light bulb. He could be held out as an example of a person who never gave up. ________ However, he did not let those failures stop him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success.  

    Or, consider the story of Abraham Lincoln who managed to become President of the United States even though he suffered many setbacks and personal losses. Most of us only realise his success. ________ His life was not easy. His story motivates us to keep moving forward no matter what obstacles we have in life.  

A. History has a lot of influence on us.

B. Take the story of Thomas Edison for example.

C. History has some very unique qualities.

D. I am sure he was discouraged by his many failures.

E. They convey wisdom in their short stories of perseverance.

F. Few of us know about the many challenges he had to overcome.

G. Only those with courage to face challenges can realise their dreams.

VI.完形填空 

History rocks! But your poor history teacher was not able to   1   all the fun little bits. Whether these bits were sad, ridiculous, or heartwarming, we think it's a shame that you   2   the bits. And now we help you   3   that.

Famous for his beard, Abraham Lincoln was an incredible   4   . Though he wasn't actually born in a very poor family, he did have a relatively   5   childhood. Hard labor was part of the daily life in the area where Lincoln grew up, and, at the age of nine, he   6   his mother because of disease. As President, he would grow to be history's   7   president of the United States, standing proud at 1. 93m. Even after he died, his story didn't quite   8   . In 1876, a group of bad fellows wanted to hold Lincoln's body for ransom (赎金) at the fee of $ 20000 and the   9   of one of their accomplices (同谋犯). They were caught and   10   to a year in prison.

Theodore Roosevelt's story is one of privilege, big personalities, and bigger sticks. Teddy Roosevelt was born to the   11   Roosevelt family in New York City, quite different from Lincoln, but he was known to be a very   12   child. He even took up boxing at a young age to   13   against his weak body. Roosevelt had a(n)   14   to the left eye caused by boxing. He took many trips to Africa and South America where he hunted and studied numerous exotic species.

His best story, perhaps, concerns a speech in Milwaukee in 1912. During the speech, a man tried to   15   Roosevelt's life with a gun, but the bullet was slowed down by his folded speech craft and eyeglass case. Roosevelt   16   told the crowd he hadn't been shot. He   17   giving his speech without stopping,   18   when it was finished, he headed over as soon as possible for the hospital to get the bullet   19   . Mr. Roosevelt, well   20   !

VII.阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 

    Abraham Lincoln ________(bear) in 1809. He was President of the United States from 1861 until he died in 1865.

    Lincoln was 193 cm tall. He was ________tall to fit in most beds. When he was president, people from his hometown gave him a special bed. The length of the bed was 82 cm longer than Lincoln's ________(high). It was enough for him.

    All his life, Lincoln liked to laugh. He liked to make other people laugh too. Once Lincoln  ________(talk) with some people, he asked, "How many legs does a sheep have?" "Four," they answered. "Right," Lincoln said. "Now how many legs does a sheep have________we call the tail a leg?" "Five," they answered. "Wrong." Lincoln said, "It still has four legs, because ________ (call) the tail a leg doesn't make ________one."

    Many people thought Abraham Lincoln was very ugly. Right before he became President,  ________eleven-year-old girl wrote him a letter. She said that she wanted him________(grow) a beard. Lincoln thought about this and decided that it was a good idea. That's ________in most pictures of Lincoln he has a short beard.

VIII书面表达

你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以我最喜欢的中国历史人物为题，写一篇短文参赛， 内容包括： 

1）该人物及其主要贡献简介；

2）该人物对你的影响。

注意：1）词数100左右；2）短文题目已为你写好。

My favorite figure in Chinese history

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析

I.

1. in
2. have taken
3. struggling
4. in
5. as
6. engaged

 II.

1. change his mind
2. at that time
3. set down
4. bringing forth
5. carry on
6. talk about
7. carry out
8. lead to
9. step by step
10. thousands of

III.

1. makes it possible to adapt to
2. in the 1930s
3. In a sense
4. All men are created equal
5. the equality of humankind

IV

1【答案】     （1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲了林肯总统在就职前，把重要的总统就职演说放在一个包里，让自己的儿子保管。不明就里的儿子把包放在了宾馆前台，幸运的是，最终，林肯的包被找回来了。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“On February 11, 1861 (the day before he turned fifty-two), Lincoln left for Washington to become the nation's sixteenth President.”和第三段中的“It was to be the most important speech he ever made. And it was his only copy.”可猜出“inaugural speech”可能指的是总统就职演讲，选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lincoln handed his son Robert a black oilskin(油布) bag, and told him to keep it carefully.和Lincoln handed it to his son and said strictly, ‘Now you keep it!’”可知林肯把新写的总统就职演说给罗伯特是为了让他照看它，选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的”On his return, Robert found his father waiting anxiously. Where was the bag? Robert explained that he had checked it at the desk.“可知罗伯特发现自己的父亲非常焦急，他开始意识到这个包很重要，选A。
（4）考查推理判断。林肯把那么重要的总统就职演说，让自己的儿子保管，可见林肯很容易相信别人，选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
 

2.【答案】 （1）D
（2）C
（3）D  

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了林肯尽管没有接受过正规的教育，但是靠着自己的努力，也练就了难得的口才。
（1）考查代词指代。根据第二段中的“He had gone through  it all．He had never，in his ent ire life，had more than a total of one year's schooling”可知他经历了这一切，在他愤怒的一生中，他从来没有接受过一年以上的教育。由此可知"it"意为他作为律师的一生，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“in Gettysburg address，rose to the heights of eloquence （ 雄辩） that have seldom been achieved in all the human history”可知第四段的要点是林肯的进步，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“If you are determined to make a law yer of yourself，the thing is more than half done already”可知林肯的故事中反映出的最重要的精神是坚持自己的决心，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3.【答案】 （1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B  

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了同年同月同日生的达尔文和林肯的贡献，相比之下，林肯的贡献更具开创性。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“yet we want to say that they belong together. It's not just because they were both great men, and not because they happen to live at the same time. Rather, it's because the scientist and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world.”可知，我们想说达尔文和亚伯拉罕·林肯属于彼此，这不仅仅是因为他们都是伟人，也不是因为他们碰巧同时生活在同一时代，而是因为他们各自发起了一场改变世界的革命，故选C。
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“So, considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays ... it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man?”考虑到他们共同的伟大贡献和生日的巧合，很难说他俩谁更伟大，可知，作者说“这是一个苹果和橘子，或者超人和圣诞老人之间的比较”的意思是很难说他俩谁更伟大，因为他们都很杰出，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Lincoln, however, is unique. ”可知，林肯的贡献是独一无二的，也就是说林肯的贡献是开创性的，故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned, leaving the issue of racial (种族的) equality unsolved for another century. ”当然，我们知道在林肯被谋杀后发生了什么：重建被组织起来，然后被放弃，使得（林肯曾致力于解决的）种族平等这一问题在下一个世纪也没有得到解决，可知，林肯曾试图解决种族问题，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

V.【答案】 C；E；B；D；F  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，历史真正吸引人的是它不断在重复，并举出了爱迪生克服了很多次失败最终发明了灯泡，以及林肯遭遇了很多挫折终于成为总统，告诉我们成功的路上总会有很多困难，我们不能轻易放弃。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ The really fascinating thing is that much of history has been repeated time and again．”可知讲述了历史真正吸引人的是历史是不断重复的，因此前文应该写出历史有独特的品质，故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“These challenges，although particular to a person，or to a certain time in the past，or occurring in a different country or culture，all convey the same thing．”可知这些挑战虽然是特定的人，或在过去的某一时间，或发生在一个不同的国家或文化，都传达着同样的东西，因此后文应该讲述传达的内容，故选E。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“He encountered many failures while on the road to finally inventing the modern day light bulb．”他在发明灯泡时遇到很多次失败，因此这里举出了爱迪生的例子，故选B。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“However，he did not let those failures stop him．”然而他并没有让这些失败阻挡他的脚步，可知他也曾因为失败而感到气馁，故选D。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Most of us only realize the success of Mr．Lincoln becoming President．”我们只知道林肯作为总统获得的成功，不知道他所克服的挑战，故选F。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

VI.【答案】 （1）D；（2）B；（3）D；（4）A；（5）B；（6）A；（7）C；（8）D；（9）D；（10）A；（11）B；（12）C；（13）A；（14）B；（15）C；（16）C；（17）A；（18）C；（19）B；（20）D；  

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Abraham Lincoln和Theodore Roosevelt这两位历史人物的一些故事片段。
（1）句意：但是你可怜的历史老师没能包含所有有趣的细节。A. state声明；B. interpret口译；C. describe描述；D. cover包括，覆盖。结合后文可知，文章就一些历史人物的故事进行了补充，说明历史老师没能包含所有有趣的细节。故选D。
（2）句意：不管这些片段是悲伤的、荒谬的还是温暖人心的，我们都觉得很遗憾你错过了这些片段。A. put aside撇开；B. missed out错过；C. left out遗漏；D. cast about想方设法。结合上文we think it's a shame that you可知，错过这些片段是一种遗憾。故选B。
（3）句意：现在我们帮你弥补。A. make out理解；B. pick up捡起；C. draw on利用；D. make up for弥补。文章主要就一些历史人物的故事进行了补充，所以是在弥补遗漏的片段。故选D。
（4）句意：亚伯拉罕·林肯以他的胡子而闻名，他是一个令人难以置信的人物。A. figure人物；B. character性格；C. creature生物；D. brain大脑。亚伯拉罕·林肯是美国总统，一个历史人物。故选A。
（5）句意：虽然他并不是出生在一个非常贫穷的家庭，但他的童年确实是相当艰苦的。A. intact完整的；B. tough艰苦的；C. rich富有的；D. light-hearted轻松的。根据上文he wasn't actually born in a very poor family可知，林肯家庭贫穷，童年艰苦。故选B。
（6）句意：9岁时，他因为疾病失去了母亲。A. lost失去；B. sacrificed牺牲；C. possessed拥有；D. rescued救援。根据后文his mother because of disease可知，林肯的母亲因病去世，他失去了母亲。故选A。
（7）句意：作为总统，他成为美国历史上最高的总统，以1. 93米的身高自豪。A. wisest最聪明的；B. strongest最强壮的；C. tallest最高的；D. heaviest最重的。根据后文standing proud at 1. 93m可知，此处是在说明林肯的身高是美国历史上最高的总统。故选C。
（8）句意：即使在他死后，他的故事也没有完全结束。A. arise出现；B. shrink缩小；C. rewind重绕；D. end结束。结合后文可知，有人偷窃林肯的尸体，说明他的故事在他死后也没有结束。故选D。
（9）句意：在1876年，一群坏人想要扣留林肯的尸体以换取两万美元的赎金，并释放他们的一个同伙。A. promotion晋升；B. fame名声；C. answer回答；D. release释放。根据后文of one of their accomplices可知，此处是指坏人以林肯的尸体为要挟，想要释放他们的同伙。故选D。
（10）句意：他们被抓住并被判处一年监禁。A. sentenced判决；B. surrendered投降；C. regulated约束；D. shrank收缩。根据后文to a year in prison可知，这些坏人被判处一年监禁。故选A。
（11）句意：泰迪·罗斯福出生在纽约市富有的罗斯福家族，和林肯很不一样，但是他是一个非常不健康的孩子。A. exceptional例外的；B. wealthy富有的；C. common普通的；D. fundamental基本的。根据后文quite different from Lincoln可知，与林肯不同，罗斯福出生在富有家庭。故选B。
（12）句意：泰迪·罗斯福出生在纽约市富有的罗斯福家族，和林肯很不一样，但是他是一个非常不健康的孩子。A. aggressive侵略性的；B. active活跃的；C. unhealthy不健康的；D. confident自信的。根据后文against his weak body可知，罗斯福从小身体不好，不健康。故选C。
（13）句意：他甚至在很小的时候就开始打拳击，以对抗他虚弱的身体。A. battle斗争；B. resist抵抗；C. build修建；D. cure治愈。根据后文against his weak body可知，罗斯福学习拳击是为了对抗虚弱的身体。battle against“斗争，与……战斗”。故选A。
（14）句意：罗斯福的左眼因拳击而受伤。A. wound伤口；B. injury伤害；C. operation操作；D. check检查。根据后文the left eye caused by boxing可知，罗斯福的左眼因拳击而受伤。故选B。
（15）句意：在演讲中，一名男子试图用枪夺走罗斯福的生命，但他折叠的演讲稿件和眼镜盒使子弹慢了下来。A. kill杀死；B. murder谋杀；C. carry off夺去；D. knock out敲空。根据后文Roosevelt's life with a gun可知，一名男子试图用枪夺走罗斯福的生命。故选C。
（16）句意：罗斯福立即告诉民众，他没有被打中。A. patiently耐心地；B. roughly粗糙地；C. immediately立即；D. bravely勇敢地。结合后文told the crowd he hadn't been shot可知，罗斯福当时在演讲现场被人射击，肯定是立即对民众说自己没有被击中。故选C。
（17）句意：他继续不停地演讲，演讲结束后，他尽快前往医院取出子弹。A. continued继续；B. enjoyed欣赏；C. finished结束；D. stopped停止。根据后文when it was finished, he headed over as soon as possible for the hospital可知，罗斯福虽然受了伤，但是还是继续演讲。故选A。
（18）句意：他继续不停地演讲，但是演讲结束后，他尽快前往医院取出子弹。A. however然而，位于分句之中时，通常在其前、后各加一个逗号；B. therefore因此；C. but但是；D. otherwise否则。结合前后文语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用but。故选C。
（19）句意：他继续不停地演讲，但是演讲结束后，他尽快前往医院取出子弹。A. transferred转移；B. removed去掉；C. relayed转发；D. transmitted传输。结合上文when it was finished, he headed over as soon as possible for the hospital可知，罗斯福演讲完立即去医院取出子弹。故选B。
（20）句意：罗斯福先生，干得好！A. talked谈话；B. lied撒谎；C. shot射击；D. played玩耍。罗斯福虽然被子弹击中了，但是为了不影响民众情绪，一直坚持到演讲结束，因此此处是作者对罗斯福的赞叹，短语well played“干得好”。故选D。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力。本文涉及动词（短语）词义辨析、名词词义辨析、形容词词义辨析、副词词义辨析和连词词义辨析等，是一篇人物类阅读，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

VII.【答案】 was born；too；height；was talking；if；calling；it；an；to grow；why  

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国总统亚伯拉罕•林肯生活中的一些趣事。
（1）考查时态语态。句意：林肯生于1809年。分析句子动词bear与主语Abraham Lincoln是被动关系，结合时间状语in1809可知是一般过去时的被动语态，故填was born。
（2）考查副词。句意：他太高了，大多数床都不适合。根据空后的tall to fit可知考查too +adj. to do......“太......以至于不能......”，故填too。
（3）考查名词。根据空前的名词所有格 Lincoln's可知用名词形式，high的名词是height，故填height。
（4）考查时态。句意：有一次林肯和一些人谈话。根据语境可知是过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，故填was talking。
（5）考查连词。句意：如果我们把尾巴叫做腿，一只羊有几条腿？根据句意可知此处意为如果，表假设应用if，故填if。
（6）考查非谓语动词。doesn't make是谓语，此处是主语应用动名词形式，故填calling。
（7）考查代词。分析句子结构可知此处代替前面的名词the tail，所以应用人称代词it，故填it。
（8）考查冠词。句意：就在他成为总统之前，一个11岁的女孩给他写了一封信。此处第一次提到这个女孩应用不定冠词表泛指意为一个，eleven是以元音音素开头的词应用an，故填an。
（9）考查非谓语动词。want sb. to do sth. 固定短语，“想让某人做某事”，动词应用不定式，故填to grow。
（10）考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么在大多数林肯的照片中，他留着短胡子。根据空前的That's 可知是表语从句，因为从句的内容是表示结果的，所以应用why，故填why。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，副词，名词，时态，连词，非谓语动词，代词，冠词以及表语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

VIII书面表达

【参考范文】

My favorite figure in Chinese history

When it comes to my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Confucius. As is known to all, he is one of the greatest thinkers and educators in China. He established an educational system, which made an enormous impact on the development of Chinese traditional culture. Furthermore, he made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behavior. To develop friendships with other countries and popularize the Chinese culture, we have set up Confucius Institutes all over the world in recent years.

In fact, his thoughts always inspire me to pursue knowledge and I'd like to be a teacher like him one day.

【解析】本题是一篇说明文写作，要求考生以最喜欢的中国历史人物为题，写一篇短文参赛。写作背景：你校正在组织英语作文比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）该人物及其主要贡献简介；2）该人物对你的影响。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：When it comes to my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Confucius.运用了时间状语从句； As is known to all, he is one of the greatest thinkers and educators in China. 运用了非限制性定语从句；He established an educational system, which made an enormous impact on the development of Chinese traditional culture.运用了非限制性定语从句； Furthermore, he made many wise sayings in ancient China that helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behavior. 运用了同位语从句；To develop friendships with other countries and popularize the Chinese culture, we have set up Confucius Institutes all over the world in recent years.运用了不定式作目的状语；In fact, his thoughts always inspire me to pursue knowledge and I'd like to be a teacher like him one day.运用了并列句。