专题18.Unit1写作与阅读--2023年英语初升高衔接大串讲（牛津译林版）

Unit1写作与阅读

写作

本单元的写作任务是写提案。提案是一种正式的建议或计划。目的是使读者同意你的建议。写提案应该注意以下方面：

1．要将提案的类型、目的、活动计划、注意事项、宣传方式等写清楚，不能让读者存在疑惑。

2．为了使提案易于阅读，需要把不同类型的信息进行分类。

3．语言表达要简短、真诚、正式，多用祈使句和不定式等。

常用表达：

1．To improve the students’ ability to...

2．To learn something important...

3．Discuss something about...

4．Present a story to...

5．Put a notice in the school newspaper...

请根据下面的提示写一篇关于成立英语阅读俱乐部的提案。

1．俱乐部名称：第一中学英语阅读俱乐部

2．俱乐部负责人：李华

3．活动时间：每周日下午2点到4点

4．成立目的：提高学生的英语阅读能力

5．活动内容：朗读英语短文；学生讨论；背诵英语短文；个人展示

6．所需材料：纸和笔

7．招收新成员的方式：张贴海报，在网站上发出通知

8．签名：李华

注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第一步　审题谋篇

[审题]

写作要求是写关于成立英语阅读俱乐部的提案，写作时应注意下面几点：

1．确定文体：这是一篇应用文。写作时注意应用文的写作特点。

2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。

3．主体人称：由于是写关于成立英语阅读俱乐部的提案，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。

[谋篇]

Club name：                                                                    

Club leader：                                                                   

Meeting time：                                                                  

Club aims：                                                                    

Club activities：                                                                 

Materials needed：                                                               

Plans for finding new members：                                                    

Signed：                                                                       

第二步　遣词造句

[核心词汇]

1．提高学生的阅读理解能力improve students’ reading comprehension

2．加入俱乐部 join the club

3．积极参加 take an active part in

4．背诵文章 recite articles

5．讨论 have a discussion

6．在有限的时间里in the limited time

[连词成句]

1．学生对英语更自信。

Students are more confident about their English.

2．老师应该鼓励学生积极参加英语活动。

Teachers should encourage students to take an active part in English activities.

3．你被要求在五分钟之内表达你自己的意见。

You are asked to express yourself in five minutes.

4．需要把通知登在校报和学校网站上。

A notice needs to be put in the school newspaper and on the school website.

第三步　句式升级

1．用“make＋宾语＋宾补”将句1改成不定式表目的开头。

To make students more confident about their English.

2．将句2改成不定式表目的的开头。

To encourage students to take an active part in English activities.

3．用put开头将句4改成祈使句。

Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website.

第四步　组句成篇

用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。

【答案】

Proposal for a reading club

Club name：No.1 Middle School English Reading Club

Club leader：Li Hua

Meeting time：Every Sunday afternoon from 2∶00 to 4∶00

Club aims：

·To improve students’ reading comprehension；

·To make students more confident about their English；

·To encourage students to take an active part in English activities；

·To encourage more students to join the club；

·To help students use English freely.

Club activities：

·Read and recite an English article (15 minutes)

·Read 4—5 English articles and finish off some exercises (40 minutes)

·Check the answers and have a discussion (35 minutes)

·Have a summary (15 minutes)

·Express yourself in the limited time (5 minutes/each)

Materials needed：Paper and a pen for each student

Plans for finding new members：

·Make posters and put them up around the school.

·Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website.

Signed：Li Hua

随堂练习

越来越多的汽车进入了我们的家庭，改善了我们的生活，但同时也带来了很多问题，如堵车和车祸，给家庭和社会带来了极大的危害。请你以学生会的名义，就交通安全问题用英语给全体学生写一封倡议书。内容包括：

1．遵守交通规则，如走人行道/过斑马线；

2．别在街道或马路上玩耍；

3．劝父母不要酒后驾车。

注意：

1．词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：斑马线zebra­crossing

Dear schoolmates，

With more and more cars coming into our families，we are happy that  they have greatly improved our life.But unluckily，they have  also brought many problems，such as heavy traffic and traffic accidents.

Traffic safety is everybody's business.We must obey the rules.For example，we must walk on the sidewalks，when we cross zebra­crossing，stop，look right and left，and then go across fast.Don't play on the road.We can tell our parents not to drink before they drive，not to run through red lights，not to talk and laugh while driving.

Let's take immediate action!

The Students' Union

阅读天天练

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Films to Watch in March

Greta

A lonely young waitress finds a handbag on a New York subway train.Luckily，the address is inside，so she returns it to the piano teacher who left it there.She then discovers that the piano teacher makes a habit of dropping bags around the city on purpose to make new friends.Directed by Neil Jordan，the actors are attractive.Grace Moretz is the waitress and Isabelle Huppert is the one who admires her.Thanks to them，Greta winds up being far more enjoyable than it has any right to be.

The Aftermath

The Aftermath is one of the few World War Ⅱ-related films.Based on Rhidian Brook’s novel，this touching romantic movie is starred by Keira Knightley，who is the wife of a British officer.She hates the Germans because her son was killed in an air raid(抢劫)．But is there a chance that a tall，dark and handsome man might persuade her to overcome her hate?

Captain Marvel

It took Marvel Studios a decade to finally make a female superhero.It’s also the first Marvel film to be directed by a woman，who has directed Half Nelson and Mississippi Grind.Captain Marvel is set in the 1990s.The Oscar-winning Brie Larson stars as Carol Danvers，a US Air Force fighter pilot，while Samuel L Jackson，as usual，plays Nick Fury.

Dumbo

Dumbo is a classic Disney cartoon character，who has big ears and there have been plenty of those kinds of movies in recent years.Burton always has inspirations to direct such kind of movies from Edward Scissorhands to Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children.Magical figures have always been his favorite characters.

1．Who works on a different job?

A．Isabelle Huppert.   B．Keira Knightley.

C．Rhidian Brook.   D．Brie Larson.

C【解析】推理判断题。根据Greta中“Grace Moretz is the waitress and Isabelle Huppert is the one who admires her.”，The Aftermath中“Based on Rhidian Brook’s novel，this touching romantic movie is starred by Keira Knightley”，和Captain Marvel中“The Oscar-winning Brie Larson stars as Carol Danvers”可知，A、B、D三项都是演员，只有C项是小说家。故选C。

2．What makes Captain Marvel special?

A．Winning Oscar.   B．Its female director.

C．Time setting.   D．A woman pilot.

B【解析】推理判断题。根据Captain Marvel中“It took Marvel Studios a decade to finally make a female superhero.It’s also the first Marvel film to be directed by a woman”可知，女导演让Captain Marvel与众不同。故选B。

3．Where can you most probably read the text?

A．Reader’s Digest.   B．Nature.

C．Scientific American.   D．National Geographic.

A【解析】文章出处题。根据题目“Films to Watch in March(三月份要看的电影)”可推知这篇文章最有可能来自Reader’s Digest。故选A。

B

I got into the teaching profession purely by chance.I was then in 9th grade when my mathematics teacher asked me to take a class for a few students to whom the subject seemed difficult.And believe me，I enjoyed the entire teaching session.I never knew teaching would be so interesting.I loved my freshmen and was delighted to teach my so-called students who came up with lots of good questions.

After my post-graduation，I worked as a software developer with a public sector(部门) in Bangalore for a few years.But I realized that no job could provide me with the satisfaction that I experienced while teaching and training.I always wanted to connect with a wider group of people.In fact，I felt it was a timely realization for me to choose the teaching profession.I applied for a few colleges，and finally I was chosen as a lecturer，and I had to lecture graduate and post-graduate students in a college.

On the first day，I was nervous thinking that I had to teach the senior classes.But now I can say that giving lectures was one of the best experiences of my life.I was a Computer Science and Information Technology lecturer，but I tried to help my students with subjects that were not within my domain(范围)．It was a new feeling to me every morning before I went to the classes.I used to feel energized and excited thinking that the class would be lit up with bright faces to greet me，“Good morning，Madam.”

To me each day was a new beginning，with new feelings，new experiences and new queries(疑问)．I loved to explore their young minds and read their inquisitive faces when a particular topic seemed tough.It was extremely challenging to motivate them to participate，think critically，question and also respect others’ points of view.Though few things seemed easy，it was extremely exciting to assure them that they really can.That is the reason why I love to teach.

4．From the first paragraph we know that         .

A．the author’s math teacher was often absent

B．the author became a real teacher in 9th grade

C．the author joined the teaching profession because she had to

D．a great many questions were put forward by the author’s “students”

D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I loved my freshmen and was delighted to teach my so-called students who came up with lots of good questions.”可知作者的“学生”提出了许多问题，故选D。

5．When the author worked as a software developer，she might feel         .

A．interested   B．dissatisfied

C．nervous   D．proud

B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“But I realized that no job could provide me with the satisfaction that I experienced while teaching and training.”可知，没有工作能够让自己满意，除了教书。由此推知作者当软件开发师时，可能感觉不满意，故选B。

6．What can we learn about the author?

A．She liked the students most who often challenged her to read.

B．She was too nervous to speak a word in her first class.

C．New feelings，experiences and queries made her days new.

D．She was unwilling to solve her students’ questions beyond her domain.

C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“To me each day was a new beginning，with new feelings，new experiences and new queries(疑问)．”可知，新感觉、新经历和新问题使得作者的每一天都是崭新的，故选C。

7．What would be the best title for this text?

A．Why I Love to Teach

B．What My Life Is Like

C．How I Was Chosen as a Lecturer

D．My First Lesson as a Teacher

A【解析】标题归纳题。最后一段最后一句“That is the reason why I love to teach.”是文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了作者喜欢教书的原因，故选A。

C

Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching?

Low-cost，dependable and small modern cameras offered a big help.Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have shot everything from small desert cats to larger snow-lowing cats in the northern Rocky Mountains.Scientists have been able to document the “private” moments of wildlife with leading technology.

Grant Harris is a government biologist with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in Albuquerque，New Mexico.In his words，“There’s no doubt that these wild cameras are important tools to learn new information on wildlife.” Harris said some images help scientists see the effects of climate change.

Researchers with the Wyoming Migration Initiative，or WMI，are among those using wild cameras along with global positioning systems，or GPS.But WMI director Matthew Kauffman says as those devices are limited，so is the amount of information they can gather from GPS.However，cameras can be left in very wild areas for days，weeks or even months.They can provide information on how many animals are moving over a given period of time.

Putting those cameras in place requires careful planning.Wild video can show details about animal behavior.However，wild cameras have their problems too.Animals such as wolverines and bears sometimes attack them.Scientists do not know if the attacks are the result of anger or interest.Also，the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals.Some people argue that it is unfair to use cameras that way.

Even with such problems，wild cameras are clearly an important scientific tool in researching wild animals.

8．What does the underlined word “document” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Remind.   B．Enrich.

C．Appreciate.   D．Record.

D【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Scientists have been able to document the ‘private’ moments of wildlife with leading technology.”可知，科学家们已经能够用先进的技术记录下野生动物的“私人”时刻。由此可推知画线词的意思是“记录”。故选D。

9．Which is a disadvantage of wild cameras?

A．They cannot be left in the wild over a long period.

B．They cannot be placed in hard-to-reach areas.

C．They provide limited information.

D．They might be stolen by people.

C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“...are among those using wild cameras along with global positioning systems，or GPS.But WMI director Matthew Kauffman says as those devices are limited，so is the amount of information they can gather from GPS.”可知，从GPS上收集到的信息是有限的，即野外照相机提供了有限的信息。故选C。

10．Why do some people argue against using wild cameras?

A．It is difficult to fix the cameras.

B．It helps hunters find animals easily.

C．It is hard to achieve careful planning.

D．It makes animals interested in the cameras.

B【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals”可知，这些设备已经成为帮助猎人寻找动物的流行工具。故选B。

11．What is the author’s attitude towards wild cameras?

A．Doubtful.   B．Positive.

C．Uncertain.   D．Uncaring.

B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even with such problems，wild cameras are clearly an important scientific tool in researching wild animals.”可知，作者对野外相机持“积极的”态度。故选B。

第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Be cautious of Friday the 13th！Many people think the day is unlucky.1.        (fortune)，there’s only one Friday the 13th this year.As the legend goes，you should try not 2.________ (break) any mirrors，walk under a ladder，or even spill any salt.Why？Researchers say 3._______ is tough to find out how the tradition came into being.Many believe it has 4.        (religion) origins.In the Christian faith，there were 13 guests at table for the Last Supper，which was held the day before the Friday 5.         Jesus died.Now，Friday the 13th has become a cultural wonder.Many Americans avoid the number 13 all together,6.        (include) hotel rooms and airplane seat assignments.It even costs couples less to get married on the day.There are many other 7.        (explain) behind the luckless day.Simon Bronner，a professor of American studies at Pennsylvania State University,8.        (believe) Friday the 13th is a way for people to pin their bad luck to a certain cause.The fact should be 9.         there’s nothing special about the number itself.After all，the number 13 10.        (consider) to be lucky in some countries，like Italy.

1．Fortunately【解析】考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰全句，应该用副词。故填Fortunately。

2．to break【解析】考查固定搭配。try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，try not to do sth.尽力不做某事。故填to break。

3．it【解析】考查形式主语it。分析句子结构可知，say后面是宾语从句，从句中缺主语，分析句意可知，搞清楚这个传统是怎样产生的很难。不定式短语 to find out how the tradition came into being是真正的主语。为了保持句子平衡，应该用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语放到后面。故填it。

4．religious【解析】考查词性转换。名词origins应该用形容词来修饰。故填religious。

5．when【解析】考查定语从句。the Friday为定语从句的先行词，在后面从句中作时间状语，星期前面用on，所以定语从句的引导词是when或on which。故填when。

6．including【解析】考查词性转换。include是动词，分析句子结构可知，整个句子是简单句，include在这里不作谓语，需要用它的介词形式，后面跟名词作宾语。故填including。

7．explanations【解析】考查词性转换和名词的单复数。由前面的are和many可知，此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填explanations。

8．believes【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。分析上下文可知，此篇文章主要时态是一般现在时，本句主语是单数，所以要用believe的三单形式。故填believes。

9．that【解析】考查表语从句。本句中should be后面是表语从句，从句内容完整。故填that。

10．is considered【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意和句子结构可知，the number 13和consider是被动关系，又分析上文知道，这里应该用一般现在时，the number 13是单数主语，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is considered。