01 阅读理解细节理解题-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习语篇理解技能梳理+名校模拟试题精练(通用版)

这是一份01 阅读理解细节理解题-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习语篇理解技能梳理+名校模拟试题精练(通用版)，共46页。试卷主要包含了点式细节理解题，网式细节理解题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
01 阅读理解细节理解题
命题趋势简析
从近几年高考英语阅读理解题型来看，事实细节题目增多，其难度也稍有加大。其表现有：题目设置顺序与全文行文不尽一致；题目信息与原文信息表达方式不完全相同；答案获取需跨段落搜集等。
从考查侧重点分析看，考题重点由原来的考查语言知识点，如介词搭配、冠词选择及固定句型运用等转向考查学生的语言实际运用能力和语篇运用能力，如概括短文大意、根据短文信息进行推测、猜测词义等。
从阅读理解部分所选材料看，题材多样，情景各异。但多数与考生的实际生活有或多或少的联系。考生结合其生活实际及常识，根据短文所提供的信息，仔细斟酌一番，还是不难做出答案的。
必备应对策略及突破方法使用趋势分析：考生运用平时积累的语言知识，如词汇、语法等，通读短文，作到理解大意;在通读时，注意搜索短文中的5个“W”和1个“H”，5个“W”指的是what，when，where，who，why; 1个“H”指的是how，并留意其所在位置，要求考生能快速地辨认、记忆事实细节；在熟悉材料的情况下，带着问题去找答案。这往往要求考生以略读或通篇跳读为主，寻找与答案相关细节；在做概括、推理题时，需要考生通过思维，将理解的内容加以系统化、条理化，方可作答。
题型特征总览
考点考向
细节理解题考查考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节的理解, 特点是题干针对原文提到的某事物、现象或理论进行发问。
考查方式
命
题
方
式
1. 特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题;
2. 以是非题的形式。true/false, not true/false或EXCEPT, 近年来这种题型较少;
3. 以According to. . . 开头提问方式;
4. 以填空题的形式;
5. 就文中年代数字、排序、识图等提问
选
项
特
征
1. 正确选项的特征
同义替换: 对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换; 词性或者语态发生变化
语言简化: 把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化, 设置为答案
正话反说: 把原文中的意思反过来表达
2. 干扰选项的特征
张冠李戴: 是原文信息, 但不是题目要求的内容
无中生有: 符合常识, 但不是文章的内容
曲解文意: 与原文的内容极其相似, 只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非: 在意思上与原文大相径庭
正误参半: 部分正确, 部分错误
晓解题捷径
抓住文本中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键。一般采用寻读法。解题分三步
第一步: 读题干, 抓住关键词;
第二步: 带着问题快速阅读短文, 找出与问题有关的词语或句子;
第三步: 仔细对比选项和原文信息, 继而找出答案。
题型突破攻略
解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。
一、点式细节理解题
式细节理解题答案可以在原文中找到，考生一般可以通过读原文中的某句话或某个词语便能得出答案，此类题属于低层次题。解答点式细节理解题，采取“先题后文，题干定位法”，即从问题中抓关键词(题眼)，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干相吻合的关键词或与关键信息相关的段落，仔细推敲，最后确定答案。
1.直接信息题：一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。

【典型例题】　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
21．What would you do to get ticket information?
A．Call 13 16 17.

C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：ticket information
·第二步　定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticket information，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”。
·第三步　比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。
2.间接信息题：一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理后得出结论。

【典型例题】　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)
Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，”Dr.Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
34．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：astonished
·第二步　定位到原文：利用同义词复现确定答案，由关键词astonished定位文中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”为信息句，astonished与amazed为同义词 。
·第三步　比对选项：年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长时间。
3.数字计算题：要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。

【典型例题】　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)
Visitor Information
How__to__Get__to__Holker
By Car：Follow brown signs on A590 from J36，M6.Approximate travel times：Windermere—20 minutes，Kendal—25 minutes，Lancaster—45 minutes，Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail：The nearest station is Cark－in－Cartmel with trains to Carnforth，Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening__Times
Sunday－Friday (closed on Saturday ) 11：00 am－4：00pm，30th March－2nd November.
Admission__Charges
Hall & Gardens　　　　Gardens
Adults：　　　￡12.00　　　￡8.00
Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50
22．How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens?
A．￡12.00. B．￡ 9.00.
C．￡8.00. D．￡ 5.50.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：Hall & Gardens
·第二步　定位到原文：利用原文数据和题干数据关系确定答案，有Admission Charges及Groups：　　　　
￡9.00　　　　￡5.50的内容可直接得出答案。
·第三步　比对选项：团队参观霍克庄园和花园每人是9英镑。

二、网式细节理解题
网式细节理解题要根据原文中的多处信息才能得出答案。因此在解答该类题目时一定要不厌其烦，题目涉及的多处细节要一一找出，并对选项和原文进行一一比对，做到万无一失。

【典型例题】　(2015·浙江卷阅读A)
The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking? One girl，who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time，looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then，still looking at me，she said slowly and seriously，“Mr.Holt，do you really mean that？”I said just as seriously，“I mean every word of it.”
During the spring she really astonished me.One day，she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself，“It can’t be，”and went to take a closer look.Sure enough，she was reading Moby Dick，in the edition with woodcuts.I said，“Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going？” She answered，“Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”
44．Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?
A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
【分析】
·第一步　分析选项：标出选项重要信息词。
·第二步　确定目标选项：根据选项重要信息词定位到文中第二段中的“I said，‘Don’t you find parts of it...the next good part.’”确定目标选项A和C。B和D项未提及。
·第三步　逐一对照：虽然女孩读的书有些部分有难度，但是女孩在阅读时，会跳过那些晦涩难懂的部分，选择容易理解的部分来阅读。故A项错误，选C项。
对于一般的多细节理解题，虽然不像正误判断题一样逐个选项与原文排查，但这类题目的答案也是综合原文多个信息得出的，因此也要不厌其烦，认真分析，方能得出正确答案。

【典型例题】　(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)
Some parents will buy any high－tech toy if they think it will help their child，but researchers said puzzles help children with math－related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知)after controlling for differences in parents’ income，education and the amount of parent talk，Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child－parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
24．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence.
B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self－control.
D．Gaining high－tech knowledge.
【分析】
·第一步　分析题干：根据题干定位到children benefit from puzzle play。
·第二步　一一比对信息源：由第二段中的“Psychologist Susan Levine...spatial skills.” 及第三段内容的信息源，不厌其烦，一一比对。

名校资源学练
1
（2023秋·辽宁沈阳·高三校联考期末）The world has seen many inventions. While most people are proud of those associate with their names, there are things making inventors feel the other way.
The pop-up (弹出) advert, by Ethan Zuckerman
Pop-up ads are convenient for those who are interested, but most people get annoyed when they are on computers. They may contain computer viruses. Just as we would blame the inventor, the man humbly accepted his invention isn’t one of the best. In his essay, Zuckerman wrote about the most hateful thing, “I wrote the code to launch the window and run an ad in it.”
The emoticon, by Scott E. Fahlman
Emoticons began to occupy screens crazily in 2011 and gained great popularity, especially with young men. It had been four years since Fahlman first used a “smiley face” in a computer message. He created the emoticon as a joke marker. But things are different. “It has gone to places I don’t approve of,” he complained to The Wall Street Journal in 2013. “It shouldn’t have been created.”
The office cubicle (隔间), by Bob Propst
In 1968, Bob Propst came up with the idea office cubicles, something that “would build a futuristic and tidy office style with no real walls or doors and provide a more comfortable environment”. But the man has come to hate what he has invented, as Propst recalled to Fortune at age 80, “They’ve changed and just become cubicles”.
The K-Cup, by John Sylvan
It seems everyone has a Keurig coffee maker for K-Cups. John Sylvan invented the K-Cup, aimed at facilitating office life of white-collar workers. Now it’s common in houses and companies. However, the single-serve plastic coffee cups aren’t eco-friendly. “I feel bad sometimes that I ever did it”, Sylvan admits. But! Good news for Mr. Sylvan: Keuring now offers varieties of recyclable K-Cups.
1. When was the emoticon invented?
A. In 2007. B. In 2009. C. In 2011. D. In 2013.
2. Which one was created for office workers’ convenience?
A. The pop-up advert. B. The emoticon. C. The office cubicle. D. The K-Cup.
3. What do the above inventions have in common?
A. They benefit human life greatly.
B. Their creators are blamed by the public.
C. Their inventors feel regretful.
D. They are very popular with young people.
2
（2023春·广东深圳·高三深圳市福田区福田中学校考阶段练习）A shocking news report has revealed that more than one in five species of maple trees faces extinction, warning that 75% of the threatened species are “geographically restricted” in their native regions.
The trees are experiencing a vast decline in habitat, due to urban development, wood harvesting and agricultural expansion. Time is running out for the world's biodiversity. Every recent survey of plants and animals in the wild points to this. This is happening nearly everywhere rarer maples exist. And because of climate change, the narrow habitats that support species at the edges of dry places and at the tops of mountains are quickly disappearing.
The trees can be found in subtropical and tropical regions, as far south as Indonesia. The only species found in the UK, the field maple is not under threat. Not only are the trees a popular attractive feature in parks and public spaces, but they are a key part of the natural ecosystem in woodlands, as well as being an important wood crop in several countries. Although the sugar maple in North America, which produces maple juice, is not endangered, two of the closest relatives to the species are endangered.
The report notes that conserving at-risk species in their natural habitat is the best conservation tactic. But collections in botanical gardens and seed banks-called "ex situ collections" can act as insurance policies against extinction. There are currently 14 species of maple, including four that are critically endangered, which are absent from these types of collections.
One species in Mexico, the Acer binzayedii, is in “desperate need of conservation"”despite only being discovered in 2017. “It is at risk from climate change in its cloud forest habitat and threatened by logging and forest fires while it is also absent from 'ex situ collections',” the report adds. The report recommends developing conservation plans, monitoring species currently not at risk to ensure populations are maintained, and adding those missing maple species to seed banks.
4. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Action to protect maple trees. B. The dangerous situation of maple trees.
C. Various maple trees' habitats in the world. D. The conditions for diversity in maple trees.
5. What do the field maple and the sugar maple have in common?
A. They cannot produce juice. B. They are found in America.
C. They are not at risk of extinction. D. They have two endangered relatives.
6. What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Topic. B. Approach. C. Result. D. Conclusion.
7. What's the main purpose of the report?
A. To offer a proposal. B. To recommend a product.
C. To introduce maple species. D. To warn people of disasters.
3
（2023秋·辽宁大连·高三庄河高中校考阶段练习）When British musician Paul Barton performs in central Thailand lately, the listeners react wildly. Some pull his hair or jump on his piano. Others steal his music. The behavior is normal, however, because these crowds are truly wild—wild monkeys to be exact.
Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.
The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.
The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love. Some of the creatures sit on his chair, while others climb up his body and touch his head. But, Barton keeps his attention on his performance, even as a small monkey runs over his hands on the instrument. Other monkeys take control of his music papers. “I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it.”
The monkeys are Barton's latest animal fans. Past wildlife audience included elephants living in special protected areas. Barton hopes to raise people's awareness of the monkeys' hunger. At the same time, he hopes to study their behavior as they react to classical music.
“Come together and don't let the pandemic stop the wild monkeys getting good nutritious food. We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer,” said 59 -year-old Barton.
8. Why does the musician play to the wild monkeys?
A. To see the wild animals just being themselves.
B. To study their behavior as they react to pop music.
C. To raise money for the wild monkeys' hunger.
D. To help calm them during COVID -19 crisis.
9. What kind of music does the musician play?
A. Contemporary music. B. Classical music.
C. Country music. D. Popular music.
10. What does the underlined phrase “eating the music" in Paragraph 4 refer to ?
A. Stealing his music papers. B. Eating his music papers.
C. Disturbing his performance. D. Enjoying his playing
11. What can we infer from the text?
A. Wild monkeys like to play with the musician.
B. People will start to protect the wild monkeys.
C. The COVID-19 has damaged much to the world.
D. Music can make the wild animals more active.
4
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）As COVID-19 hit and the world went into varying levels of lockdown (封锁), it became difficult for researchers to know what was happening in the ocean. But now, you can join the eOceans platform to help researchers gather data on oceans and ocean ecosystems in real-time.
Downloading the eOceans app on your smartphone and logging what you see when you are on the coast or in the ocean, including any animals, people, pollution or even an empty beach, you can help researchers monitor the world’s oceans. The app lets you note your observations as well as upload photos. This information is then linked to your geographical location and is made accessible to scientists studying that region. Using eOceans data, researchers can remotely monitor how oceans and coastal communities worldwide are happening, including in the context of the pandemic (疫情).
In reality, observations recorded through eOceans are already providing valuable insights. During Australia’s lockdown, for example, the largest group of turtles in the country’s history was spotted by researchers using eOceans data. And in Hawaii, data from the app suggests that clearer waters are associated with a reduction in tourists during the pandemic.
Negative impacts of the pandemic on the ocean have also been picked up through the app, including an increase in pollution from personal protective equipment, as well as pandemic-related interruptions to marine (海洋的) recovery following a 2019 oil leak in Brazilian waters. In future, data from eOceans could help enable early detection of hazards (危害), such as oil leaks, so that they can be dealt with sooner, says Christine Ward-Paige, founder and chief scientist at eOceans.
“Till now, more than 1,000 people have already joined the eOceans platform,” says Ward-Paige. “But more data on wild life spotted along coastlines, as well as information on how people are using these spaces, are still needed.”
12. How can people help researchers monitor the ocean through the eOceans platform?
A. By downloading and observing some data of hazards.
B. By spotting and marking the previous marine recovery.
C. By collecting and uploading timely oceanic information.
D. By detecting and reporting your present geographical location.
13. Which discovery has been made based on the eOceans data?
A. An oil leak occurring in Australian waters.
B. The largest turtle found in Australia’s history.
C. A factor contributing to clearer waters in Hawaii.
D. A boom of tourism appearing during the pandemic.
14. What is Ward-Paige’s attitude towards the future of eOceans platform?
A. Indifferent. B. Optimistic.
C. Doubtful. D. Anxious.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Keeping an eye on the ocean. B. Caring about the ocean pollution.
C. Showing love to coastal creatures. D. Monitoring the quality of seawater.
5
（2023·四川成都·成都外国语学校校考模拟预测）Maeve Higgins once set herself a task. The Irish-born comedian wanted to see what life would be like if she stopped laughing at things that weren’t funny. Turns out it wasn’t as easy as she thought. “It was so hard,” she says. “ Laughter is a lubricant (润滑油) and is expected, and it’s really hard not to do it.”
Higgins suggests there’s something particularly special about being part of the shared experience that is live comedy — that curious magic that occurs when people come together specifically to laugh.
Comedy is more than just a pleasant way to pass an evening, humour more than something to amuse. They’re interwoven into our everyday existence. Whether you’re sharing an amusing story at a party or telling a dark joke at a funeral, humour is everywhere. But what is it for? And can humour, as comedy, change how we feel, what we think or even what we do?
As an essential part of human interaction, humour has been on the minds of thinkers for centuries. One of the most enduring theories of humour was put forward by the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. It asserts that humour appears to make fun of the weak and exert superiority. While this is clearly the function of some comedy, it’s far from a complete explanation for the overall purpose of humour.
For some comedians, it’s not just about getting laughs — it’s about changing what we think and maybe even what we do. If there’s one comic who is really typical of this, it’s Josie Long. A social justice activist and a comedian, Long has a reputation for delightful, optimistic humour and storytelling.
As her career has evolved, she has consciously put social and political topics at the heart of her act. She believes that comedians have a role to play in challenging some of the most pressing issues of the day.
British comic Stephen K Amos sells out venues seating thousands, year in, year out. Amos firmly believes that when comics consciously deal with pressing or controversial （有争议的）social issues like racism, they can reach people on a much more meaningful level than that achieved by briefly lifting someone’s mood. And while it may be difficult to quantify, he says, the social and psychological impact of comedy deserves much greater recognition.
The research backs this up. Although the role of comedy is to be entertaining first and foremost, Sharon Lockyer, a sociologist who studies humour, has identified a number of possible other functions. These include challenging stereotypes (刻板印象).
Amos’s work frequently settles the issues of race by challenging stereotypes.”I don’t do things for shock value,” he says. “ I do stuff that matters to me. In the old days it was just about doing jokes. We’ve moved on — people are talking about things that matter. ”
16. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?
A. The benefits of laughing.
B. What a comedian’s daily work is about.
C. Why Maeve Higgins chose to be a comedian.
D. Maeve Higgins’ understanding of the appeal of comedy.
17. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Protect the weak from the evil.
B. Encourage people to be stronger.
C. Be determined to improve oneself.
D. Show you are better than other people.
18. According to the article, how does comedy have an effect on social issues?
A. By gradually influencing people’s attitudes.
B. By urging politicians to try and solve the issues.
C. By quickly yet thoroughly changing people’s thinking.
D. By calling on the whole society to pay attention to the issues.
19. According to the article, comedy includes the following roles except ________ .
A. getting people to laugh
B. promoting social progress
C. influencing people’s ideas
D. making people more productive
6
（2023秋·山西太原·高三太原五中校考期末）Research has shown that disrupting one's natural “morning lark” (早起鸟) or “night owl” (夜猫子) tendency can result in immoral behavior at work.
Who doesn't love a flexible work schedule? Being able to make your own hours, come in when you're ready and leave when you're done, step out to attend a child's presentation at school, have a midday appointment, or even squeeze in a quick workout or nap as a guaranteed pick-me-up — flexibility greatly improves one's quality of life.
The benefits don't stop there, however. Research has shown that having flexible work hours actually makes one a better person. How so? It's been found that disrupted sleep patterns —in the form of having to act outside of your normal inclination to be a morning “lark” or a night “owl” — can result in strange, unethical, and out-of-line behavior.
Science journalist Linda Geddes said, “If you don't get enough sleep, research suggests you are more likely to have unethical behavior, such as being mean, bullying your fellow employees or falsifying receipts. But it's not just owls: the larks tend to behave more unethically in the evening, and owls in the morning. So ideally, you want to introduce flexible working."
Employers would be wise to allow their employees to start whenever they feel ready — whether it's at the crack of dawn or at 11 a.m., and to allow breaks or pauses in the day as needed — because that would mean better productivity, performance, and behavior.
This shift is already happening, with the New York Times recently reporting that 27 percent of US employers now offer the flexibility to work outside normal business hours, up from 22 percent in 2014; and 68 percent allow telecommuting as needed (up from 54 percent in 2014). With the national unemployment rate at its lowest in 50 years, employers are having to become more competitive in what they offer workers, and flex-hours seem like a no-brainer, highly beneficial to all.
20. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?
A. Ways to improve life quality.
B. People's activities in their free time.
C. Methods to get a flexible work schedule.
D. The advantages of flexibility in work time.
21. What does the underlined word “inclination” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Judgment. B. Tendency. C. Reaction. D. Choice.
22. What is the effect to change people's sleep pattern according to Geddes?
A. They will show their nature more easily.
B. They tend to suffer from sleep problems.
C. They tend to behave immorally in their work.
D. They will get more flexibility in working time.
23. What do the figures in the last paragraph indicate?
A. The unemployment rate is increasing.
B. Employers are getting more free time.
C. Flexible working has been creating more jobs.
D. More employers adopt a flexible work schedule.
7
（2023春·广西柳州·高三柳州市第三中学校考开学考试）From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don't know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.
One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean.”
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, “Mr Holt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.”
During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk. From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can’t be.” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick, in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book!
24. According to the passage, children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________.
A. reading little and thinking little B. reading often and adventurously
C. being made to read too much D. being made to read aloud before others
25. Upon hearing the teacher’s talk, the children probably felt that________.
A. it sounded stupid B. it was not surprising at all
C. it sounded too good to be true D. it was no different from other teachers' talk
26. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?
A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
27. From the teacher’s point of view, ________.
A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D. reading involves understanding every little piece of information
8
（2023春·重庆·高三开学考试）In Judgement Day, one of the hit film series Terminator, a cyborg(生化人) played by Schwarzenegger could heal his skin wound magically, that is, he makes the skin repair itself in less than a second. Recently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans’.
Previous attempts to "electronically" copy human skin have fallen short. Making suitably flexible electronics that can perform delicate tasks while also enduring the bumps and scrapes of everyday life is challenging, and each material involved must be carefully engineered. The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibility, which makes it more likely to break.
With the development of 2D sensors and hydrogel(水凝胶), scientists’ efforts paid off, linking sensor layer with skin functionally and durably. Study author Dr Jie Shen said, "Hydrogels are more than 70 percent water, making them very compatible(相容的) with human skin tissues. By prestretching the hydrogel in all directions, applying a layer of nano（纳米）wires, and then carefully controlling its release, we created conductive pathways to the sensor layer that remained complete even when the material was stretched to 28 times its original size. Meanwhile, skin electronics kept changing at a spectacular pace."
This e-skin can sense temperature and touch from up to 8 inches away, react to things in under one tenth of a second and repair itself more than 5,000 times. The new invention could help monitor a range of biological information, including changes in blood pressure. While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.
28. Why is a cyborg in Judgement Day mentioned in Paragraph l?
A. To introduce the topic. B. To inform the background.
C. To advertise the hit film. D. To recommend Schwarzenegger.
29. What made the previous attempts fall short?
A. The delicate tasks. B. The unsuitable sensor layer.
C. The bumps and scrapes of everyday life. D. The compatibility with human skin tissues.
30. What can we infer about the e-skin from the last paragraph?
A. It can sense and react exactly like humans’ skin.
B. It may be used to check the condition of bridges.
C. It can make human beings live as long as they want.
D. It will turn human beings into cyborgs that never die.
31. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Electronic skin has a wide range of applications.
B. Hydrogel contributes to developing electronic skin.
C. Attempts to develop electronic skin have fallen short.
D. Smart electronic skin has been developed by scientists.
9
（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·牡丹江市第三高级中学校考三模）An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather. Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.
Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses. Several are on the roadside near an active railroad. On a recent day, Mr.Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young. The two men hug. Inside his little shelter Mr.Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets. Mr.Kloehn also visits Sweet­Pea, another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built. She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.
In the mornings, Mr. Kloehn searches the streets for building materials. He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio. There, he puts the houses together. Empty coffee bags become roof material. A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows. Nails,screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together. The artist also attaches a small electrical device to the house. The device is powered by the sun.
Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own. But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.
Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.
32. The following are the advantages of the small shelters EXCEPT ________.
A. saving power and energy
B. protecting possessions of the homeless
C. decorating the streets where they are
D. keeping the homeless safe and comfortable
33. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20 tiny houses
B. an act of kindness has made people simple and grateful
C. the shelters are immovable
D. the government has got involved in the action
34. The passage is likely taken from ________.
A. an official report
B. an art review
C. a science magazine
D. a news report
35. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. An artist creates homes for the homeless.
B. A more comfortable shelter on the streets.
C. A successful social project in Oakland.
D. An artist makes a living by designing small shelters.
10
（2023·陕西·统考一模）Having worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada, Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life. But it wasn't through desperation that her circumstances changed: “I didn't get fed up and storm off, nothing like that; it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new.”
Fahey left her job and completed an MBA before setting up a move to New York to begin a degree. However, the opportunity of an open year between the MBA and the degree came up, and as a keen touring cyclist, Fahey realised that a much dreamed-about adventure was now becoming a possibility: "The ride in Africa had been on my fantasy list. It was a moment when I realised that I could do anything, so I should."
Fahey rode across Africa, a 7,500-mile trip that took four months. The whole experience had a life-changing impact. Fahey said: “Bicycles provide a literal freedom. You don't allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions. But when you' re out on the bike and there's nothing else, you' re really free to experience what life is.”
Post-degree, Fahey worked on projects with the UNDP(United Nations Development Project) in Montenegro with the aim of bringing investment to rural communities.
It was while working on these projects that the seeds were sown for the next new investment. “It was through my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again.” Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company.
In 2013, Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike, race across continents and carry all they need to do so. It's now a successful global brand, but Fahey remains reflective about what else the company can do for people.
36. Why did Fahey leave her job in Canada?
A. She was bored with the job. B. She was disappointed with life.
C. She wanted to add new dimensions to her life. D. She found it hard to adjust to the circumstances.
37. Which can best describe Fahey's ride experience in Africa?
A. Demanding. B. Liberating. C. Eventful. D. Dangerous.
38. Why did Fahey launch Apidura?
A. To encourage bicycle traveling. B. To make her investment profitable.
C. To help cyclists carry traveling stuff. D. To increase the pleasure of riding bikes.
39. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A tough path to fame. B. An adventure across Africa.
C. The benefits of green travelling. D. The story behind the birth of Apidura.
11
（2023·湖南衡阳·衡阳市八中校考模拟预测）Amanda Kofoeds had found a strange lump in her arm one day and visited a doctor at a friend's urging. During this time, she was enrolled in school for education and was currently uninsured due to the expense. She planned to save money so she could get on her husband' s insurance and then seek medical treatment for the cancer.
Her friends and family didn't want her to postpone her treatment due to the expense. They took matters into their own hands and started a GoFundMe campaign. The friend came up with the creative idea to spread the word and invite family, friends, and strangers who wanted to help to participate in a donation flash mob (快闪行动).The event started an outpouring of enormous generosity from the local community.
Amanda and her husband Clint teared up as the crowd passed by and the donations poured in. The generous act of kindness gave the family a comforting, and optimistic feeling during a time when all hope seemed lost. Clint said that Amanda struggled with the idea of asking for help. She felt guilty and undeserving compared to others who are also struggling.
In the time since, Amanda has enrolled in an insurance plan and has finished chemotherapy. Life for the family has started getting back to their normal routine.
Once Amanda got her strength back, she returned to school and completed her bachelor's degree in education. She is now a teacher. She said the experience motivated her to instill (灌输) the value of charity in her children. The family is now inspired to volunteer in their local neighborhood and contribute to crowdfunding (众筹) efforts. They are grateful for the opportunity to give back and help others as many have helped them.
The couple said they feel blessed by the strong support. PassItOn wants to celebrate those heroes during the family's darkest time. These individuals perfectly demonstrate the value of community. It is with the help of their generosity that the family is now happy, healthy and whole.
40. Why did Amanda Kofoeds postpone her treatment?
A. She was admitted to a school.
B. Her family couldn't afford the medical cost.
C. No good doctors could treat her cancer.
D. Her friends and family refused to assist her.
41. What did her friends do to help Amanda Kofoeds?
A. They started a donation flash mob.
B. They founded a community school.
C. They supported her through local hospitals.
D. They fought for assistance from the whole country.
42. Which word best describes the couple's feeling when strongly supported?
A. Guilty. B. Satisfied. C. Anxious. D. Grateful.
43. What can we learn from Amanda Kofoeds' story?
A. Hard work pays off.
B. The value of charity is great.
C. Education is the key to success.
D. A friend is never known till a man has need.
12
（2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校联考二模）What limits you from hiking more often? Many complain that they don't have a suitable partner to go with. Why not take a look at the great hiking clubs across Canada?
• Yukon Outdoors Club
Website: yukonoutdoorsclub.ca
Membership cost: $10 for a single membership; $15 for a family membership
Description: The club arranges day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, cross-country skiing trips, snowshoeing trips and various workshops for members to gain new skills and valuable information.
• UBC Varsity Outdoor Club

Membership cost: Students $40； non-UBC students $60
Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes, mountaineers, rock climbs and ice climbs. Travel and outdoor-minded UBC students and non-students are welcome to join. The UBC VOC has also constructed a few backcountry cottages in the Coast Mountains.
• Pender Harbor Hiking Group
Website: penderharbourhiking.weebly. Com
Membership cost: Free.
Description: The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance, so get on the mailing list or check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you! Hikes are usually one and a half to two hours long, but some full-day hikes are scheduled, depending on members, interest.
• Vernon Outdoors Club
Website: vernonoutdoorsclub. Org
Membership cost: A single membership is $25, and students pay $10, Children are free.
Description: Boasting a membership of close to 200 people, the Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling. The group organizes a Tuesday Rambles event each week and also hosts multi-day trips.
44. Which club has built remote shelters for hikers?
A. The Yukon Outdoors Club.
B. The Vernon Outdoors Club.
C. The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club.
D. The Pender Harbor Hiking Group.
45. What should you do if you hope to hike with the Pender Harbour Hiking Group?
A. Make a proper appointment.
B. Follow the website or the mail.
C. Develop your interest in hiking.
D. Arrange two months ahead of time.
46. What do the four clubs have in common?
A. Booking in advance.
B. Charging membership fee.
C. Providing skill workshops.
D. Organizing hiking activities.
13
（2023春·上海·高三复旦附中校考阶段练习）
E-cigarettes Ban:Good news for Tobacco?
The proposed ban on flavored e-cigarettes may drive many Americans back to cigarettes,said Christopher Palmeri and Jeff Green in the Los Ange Times.
Responding to an outbreak of hundreds of serious lung illnesses from vapes(电子烟)that killed a seventh person this week, FDA(食物药品监管局)will outlaw everything but tobacco-flavored-cigarettes, as Michigan and New York state recently did. Flavors like buttered popcorn and mango helped create "an explosion" in teen vaping. But hundreds of thousands of teens already addicted to nicotine-and 9 million adults who vape--may simply replace vaping with tobacco products. By banning favored vapes the government may be "closing the shed door after the horse has gotten out."
Nobody vapes "because the flavor is so amazing," said David Marcus in The Federalist com. That's why the ban is so clueless."If kids want to taste bubble gum,they can buy,you know,bubble gum." Vaping giants like Juul need to be honest about the fact that they’re in the nicotine business, and monitor themselves accordingly. They should spend billions ensuring that stores don’t sell to minors instead of touting the "scientific conclusion"that e-cigarettes are safer than smoking. The burning involved in smoking cigarettes creates tar and a bunch of chemicals not present in e-cigarettes' watery vapor. True, but nicotine is also a dangerous and addictive drug and vaping liquid itself contains chemicals that damage blood vessels(血管)."The idea of safe smoking" is"a lie," and the vaping industry's fruit- and candy-flavored pods" are proof of evil intent."

47. What led to the proposed ban on e-cigarettes?
A. Popular flavors like mango led to teen nicotine addiction.
B. The lack of proper legal supervision in the vaping industry.
C. An increased number of deaths resulting from lung diseases.
D. The sharp increase in the sale of unhealthy tobacco products.
48. What might happen if the ban takes effect?
A. FDA would regulate the tobacco industry more effectively.
B. The vaping industry would be more strictly monitored.
C. The evil intent of the vaping industry would be revealed.
D. The tobacco industry might regain its previous glory.
49. The underlined word "touting"probably means________.
A. Promoting B. challenging C. assuming D. tolerating
50. What is the writer's attitude towards vape ban?
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving C. Uninterested D. Impartial.
14
（2023秋·湖南娄底·高三湖南省新化县第一中学校考期末）One night in March, five years ago, during happy hour at a bar in my hometown, I made a surprise announcement to my friends: I was going to shut down my law practice and attempt to travel around the globe in a year. What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind. My announcement drew mixed reactions from my friends. Some offered support and encouragement, while others were more doubtful.
Once I’d said the words, there was no turning back. It took months to shut down my law practice and get things in order. Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher. Even so, travelling overland was the most awe-inspiring way to truly understand the immensity of our wonderful planet.
I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. I would look out the windows for hours on end at the completely unspoiled plains, as if humans had never touched it.
It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing, each day spent gazing out the windows for hours as the West Siberian Plain swept by. Sometimes, I wouldn’t see a village or a human being for 10 hours. Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure.
It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than I had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere. It also kept me flexible and open about all my travel plans, which is advice I give everyone who asks—plan far less than you think you should.
51. The author’s trip was special in that .
A. he made it at the expense of giving up his job B. it hardly cost him anything
C. he did not make advance booking or travel by air D. it was a global trip
52. The author most probably returned to the United States in .
A. June 2017 B. December 2018
C. October 2017 D. February 2018
53. What’s the correct order of the places that the author travelled to?
①Moscow ②Philadelphia ③New Zealand ④Ushuaia ⑤Beijing ⑥Buenos
A. ⑤④①⑥③② B. ④⑥①⑤③②
C. ④⑤①⑥③② D. ⑤①⑥④③②
54. What does the author think of his around-the-world tour?
A. challenging but pleasing B. dangerous but wonderful
C. boring and disappointing D. costly and painful
15
（2023秋·江苏南京·高三南京市第三高级中学校考期末）Mother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why? Read on to find the answer.
Venice
This iconic city is sinking rapidly. The canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2mm every year, making relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn that without intervention(干预), this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate, consumed by rising sea level from melting polar ice caps.
Machu Picchu
These iconic ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South America.The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.
Glacier National park
Perhaps you've heard that the ice caps are melting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier National Park.Estimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades.
The Great Barrier Reef
Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a large area is gone,destroyed by pollution and disease.
55. What can we learn about Machu Picchu?
A. It's famous for cable cars.
B. It has no convenient traffic.
C. It's well preserved by the locals.
D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism.
56. Which place probably needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty?
A. Venice. B. Machu Picchu.
C. Glacier National Park. D. The Great Barrier Reef.
57. What do the above attractions have in common?
A. They all have a long history.
B. They're all threatened by climate.
C. They're all in danger of disappearing.
D. They're all well-known for natural scenery.
16
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考一模）There has been a lot of publicity (宣传) recently surrounding 5G, the next generation of wireless technology for the world. But what is this technology and how might it change our lives?
What is 5G?
5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. 4G was the replacement for 3G, which came after 2G, and so on. These systems are wireless computer networks. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity. The new 5G system promises more of the same. It is expected to permit more users to do more things-at a faster rate. Higher internet speeds and larger network capacity should result in better performance for device users connected to 5G. However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different than the earlier systems. It will move well beyond mobile network technology to affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.
When will it be available?
Before we can all use 5G, wireless companies and phone makers will have to complete and deploy (部署) a whole new system. New phones and communication equipment must be built. American wireless companies have been preparing for the new system for some time. They have been creating new network equipment and buying broadcasting space to carry 5G signals. They have built news G antennas(天线)to serve American cities and towns. Wireless providers will invest at least $275 billion n 5G-related networks in the United States, the industry group CTIA reported. The first U.S, launch of 5G is expected to happen sometime this year. Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.
58. Which system is widely used nowadays?
A. 5G. B. 2G. C. 3G D. 4G.
59. Which of the following is NOT 5G system’s advantage to the other Gs?
A. It will allow more users to do more things. B. The internet speed will be much higher.
C. The users will spend much less money on it. D. It will affect more devices and industries
60. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. 5G system has nothing to do with phone makers.
B. There is much work to do before 5G comes into use.
C. New phones will be much smarter than those used now.
D. 4G system will be stopped as soon as 5G comes into use.
61. In which order will the following countries use 5G system according to the passage?
A. USA→China→European nations. B. China→USA→European nations.
C. USA→European nations→China. D. European nations→China→USA.
17
（2023秋·四川宜宾·高三四川省宜宾市第四中学校校考期末）If your fingers get chilly all year round—even in the peak of summer—you’re not alone. Many people get cold hands during all of the seasons, due to a number of causes, from genetic to chronic illnesses.
Common reasons include being elderly and thin. If your hands are regularly cold or numb, however, it’s a good idea to see a doctor to rule out more serious causes. Cold hands are one of the symptoms of both anemia (贫血症) and hypothyroidism (甲状腺机能减退). Diabetes, which reduces blood circulation, can also trigger it. And if your heart is weak from heart disease, your body may prioritize sending blood to your core over your limbs.
For many others, cold hands are a sign they have a largely harmless condition called Raynaud’s disease. When any of us goes out in the cold, our bodies activate the muscles in our smallest blood vessels to make them even smaller—a survival mechanism to keep blood, and thus warmer temperatures, in our core. For people with Raynaud’s, this reaction is too strong, and instead of just a bit less blood going to their fingers, far too little gets there.
Raynaud’s is more common in women, and it most often develops before the age of 30. In fact, if you develop Raynaud’s when you’re older—usually after 40—it can be a sign of another underlying issue. That could be a smaller problem—a previous incident of frostbite (冻伤) or a sign of a more serious autoimmune condition, like lupus (狼疮).
For the majority of people living with Raynaud’s, medication won’t be necessary. However, a rare, more severe form of Raynaud’s affects less than one in 1,000 people. In these cases, blood can become completely blocked, causing sores on the hands. If they go untreated, it can lead to gangrene (坏疽) and, very rarely, amputation (截肢).
62. What’s the purpose of paragraph 1?
A. introduce a topic B. present an argument
C. describe the characters D. clarify his writing purpose
63. According to the text, which of the following is not the cause of cold hands?
A. diabetes B. heart disease C. aging D. obesity
64. What do we know about Raynaud’s disease?
A. It appears when blood vessels in your body overreact to high temperatures.
B. Males never suffer from it before the age of 30.
C. In some cases, it can be a sign of some health issues.
D. For most people, it is a serious health problem.
65. What will the author talk about in the following paragraph?
A. The reasons why people have cold hands
B. Ways to treat Raynaud’s disease and prevent cold hands
C. Medical research on Raynaud’s Disease
D. Disadvantages of cold hands
18
（2023·安徽安庆·高三安庆市第二中学校考阶段练习）In my second year of high school, I took my first computer science course, which helped me realize I was interested in software. The idea of creating something from just lines of codes and logic was very fascinating. And I didn't put as much time into music as I used to, thinking practicing the piano was just a waste of time.
A year later, when I got back on the piano, I quickly noticed my musical ear was not as strong as it was before. I could no longer hear the difference between a perfect 4th and a perfect 5th or between a D and D flat. Then I had a firm decision to get my skills to where it used to be. After weeks of practicing, I didn't see much progress. I was extremely discouraged and felt that I would have to accept that I no longer will be able to play as well as I used to.
While watching hundreds of tutorials online on how to code in Swift I came up with an idea. What if I used the knowledge I gained from these tutorials to develop an app that would help train my musical ear. After hours of coding, I developed an app that would play a different series of notes, then the user would have to type in the corresponding notes to what they heard. When I was on the subway or had some extra time I could easily open up the app on my phone and use it to help my musical ear. In about 2 months, I regained the skills I lost.
This experience helped me see something that I never noticed before. Programming gives me a platform to express my ideas; in a similar way, playing the piano gives me a way to express my feelings. When playing through a song for the first time I hear many errors. Similarly, when I run my program for the first time there are usually many mistakes. In both of these cases, it takes patience to go through each measure or line to hear or find the error. I realized when I’m playing the piano I am also practicing my programming skills and vice versa.
66. What happened to the author a year ago?
A. He realized his strength. B. He invented lines of codes.
C. He developed another hobby. D. He was too busy to practice piano.
67. Which of the following can best describe the author?
A. Determined and creative. B. Hard-working and gifted.
C. Easy-going and generous. D. Independent and energetic.
68. What can we infer about the author from the third paragraph?
A. He received musical training online.
B. He improved himself by studying online.
C. He got inspired from the tutorials online.
D. He made good use of the app he downloaded online.
69. What can the author learn from the experience?
A. He came to realize it is important to develop some good qualities.
B. He understood the meaning of the saying “practice makes perfect”.
C. He found programming and playing the piano have something in common.
D. He felt it necessary to improve himself in programming and playing the piano.

参考答案
1
1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了几种让人反感的发明。
1. 细节理解题。由文章第三段“Emoticons began to occupy screens crazily in 2011 and gained great popularity, especially with young men. It had been four years since Fahlman first used a “smiley face” in a computer message.（表情符号在2011年开始疯狂占据屏幕，并获得了极大的人气，尤其是在年轻男性中。法尔曼第一次在电脑信息中使用“笑脸”已经过去四年了）”可知，表情符号开始占据屏幕是2011年，而法尔曼第一次在电脑信息中使用“笑脸”已经过去四年了，由此可以推出第一次出现表情符应是2007年的时候。故选A项。
2. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“It seems everyone has a Keurig coffee maker for K-Cups. John Sylvan invented the K-Cup, aimed at facilitating office life of white-collar workers.（似乎每个人都有一个K-Cup的Keurig咖啡机。 约翰·塞尔万发明了K-Cup，旨在方便白领的办公室生活）”可知，K-Cup是为了方便白领的办公生活而发明的。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。由文章第二段“Just as we would blame the inventor, the man humbly accepted his invention isn’t one of the best.（就像我们会责备发明者一样，这个人谦卑地接受了他的发明不是最好的）”，第二段“It shouldn’t have been created.（它不应该被创造）”，第三段“But the man has come to hate what he has invented（但是这个人已经开始憎恨他所发明的东西 ）”，以及第四段“I feel bad sometimes that I ever did it（有时我为自己做过的事感到内疚）”可知，这四个发明的共同点是发明者都感到后悔。故选C项。
2
4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】本文是新闻报道。一则令人震惊的新闻报道显示，超过五分之一的枫树物种面临灭绝，并警告说，75%的受威胁物种在其原生地受到“地理限制”。文章介绍了枫树濒临灭绝的原因和保护策略。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The trees are experiencing a vast decline in habitat, due to urban development, wood harvesting and agricultural expansion. Time is running out for the world's biodiversity. Every recent survey of plants and animals in the wild points to this. This is happening nearly everywhere rarer maples exist. And because of climate change, the narrow habitats that support species at the edges of dry places and at the tops of mountains are quickly disappearing.(由于城市发展、木材采伐和农业扩张，这些树木的栖息地正在急剧减少。留给世界生物多样性的时间不多了。最近对野生动植物的每一项调查都指向这一点。这种情况几乎发生在所有稀有枫树存在的地方。而且由于气候变化，在干旱地区边缘和山顶支持物种的狭窄栖息地正在迅速消失)”可知，该段主要讲了由于城市发展，伐木和农业扩张，枫树面临生长地正在急剧减少的危险处境。故选B。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The only species found in the UK, the field maple is not under threat. Not only are the trees a popular attractive feature in parks and public spaces, but they are a key part of the natural ecosystem in woodlands, as well as being an important wood crop in several countries. Although the sugar maple in North America, which produces maple juice, is not endangered, two of the closest relatives to the species are endangered.(作为在英国唯一发现的树种，野枫树并没有受到威胁。这些树木不仅是公园和公共空间中受欢迎的吸引人的特征，而且是林地自然生态系统的重要组成部分，也是一些国家的重要木材作物。虽然生产枫汁的北美糖枫树并不濒危，但该物种的两种近亲却濒临灭绝)”可知，作为在英国发现的唯一一种野枫树，它并没有受到威胁；生产枫汁的北美糖枫并没有濒临灭绝，两者共同之处是它们都没有灭绝的危险。故选C。
6. 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The report notes that conserving at-risk species in their natural habitat is the best conservation”以及后文“But collections in botanical gardens and seed banks-called "ex situ collections" can act as insurance policies against extinction.(但是在植物园和种子库的收藏——被称为“迁地收集”——可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险措施)”可知，报告指出，在自然生长地保护濒危物种是最好的保护策略，但是在植物园和被称为“迁地收集”的种子库的物种收集可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险策略。故tactic意为“策略；方法”，与approach意思一致。A. Topic.主题；B. Approach.方法；C. Result.结果；D. Conclusion.结论。故选B。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The report recommends developing conservation plans, monitoring species currently not at risk to ensure populations are maintained, and adding those missing maple species to seed banks.(该报告建议制定保护计划，监测目前没有危险的物种以维持数量，并将那些消失的枫树物种添加到种子库中)”可推知，该报告的主要目的是提出建议。故选A。
3
8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。英国音乐家Paul Barton最近在泰国中部演出，希望能缓解新冠病毒危机带给动物的压力，带来了很好的反响。
8. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.)( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”可知，音乐家对着野生猴子演奏是为了帮助他们在新冠肺炎疫情期间保持镇静。故选D。
9. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”可知，音乐家演奏的是古典音乐。故选B。
10. 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The monkeys quickly surround Barton when he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven's Fur Elise and Michael Nyman's Diary of Love.(当Barton演奏《绿袖》、贝多芬的《致爱丽丝》和Michael Nyman的《爱的日记》时，猴子们很快就把他包围了)”以及画线词上文“I was glad and surprised to find that they were actually”以及后文“as I was playing it”可知，让Barton高兴和惊讶的是，在他演奏音乐的时候，猴子真地在欣赏他的演奏。画线词指的是“欣赏他的演奏”。故选D。
11. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Barton plays often to the animals in Lopburi, an area known for its populations of wild monkeys. The pianist hopes the music shows bring calm to the animals during the corona virus(COVID-19) crisis.( Barton经常和Lopburi的动物们玩耍，Lopburi是一个以野生猴子群而闻名的地区。这位钢琴家希望音乐表演能在冠状病毒疫情期间给动物带来平静)”以及第三段“The disease has caused problems for the monkeys, too. They are hungry. The restrictions on tourism mean fewer people come to see the monkeys and feed them.(这种疾病也给猴子带来了问题。他们挨饿。对旅游业的限制意味着更少的人来看猴子和喂它们)”可推知，新冠肺炎疫情给世界造成严重损害。故选C。
4
12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。在疫情封锁的状态下，人们可以通过eOceans平台及时收集和上传海洋信息帮助研究人员监测海洋。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Downloading the eOceans app on your smartphone and logging what you see when you are on the coast or in the ocean, including any animals, people, pollution or even an empty beach, you can help researchers monitor the world’s oceans.”（在你的智能手机上下载eOceans应用程序，记录你在海岸或海洋中看到的东西，包括任何动物、人、污染，甚至是空旷的海滩，你可以帮助研究人员监测世界海洋。）和第一段最后一句“But now, you can join the eOceans platform to help researchers gather data on oceans and ocean ecosystems in real-time.”（但现在，你可以加入eOceans平台，帮助研究人员实时收集海洋和海洋生态系统的数据。）可知，人们可以通过eOceans平台及时收集和上传海洋信息帮助研究人员监测海洋。故选C。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“And in Hawaii, data from the app suggests that clearer waters are associated with a reduction in tourists during the pandemic.”（在夏威夷，应用程序的数据显示，更清澈的水与流感期间游客的减少有关。）可知，根据eOceans的数据，研究人员得出了一个有助于夏威夷水域更清澈的因素。故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据倒第二段最后一句“In future, data from eOceans could help enable early detection of hazards (危害), such as oil leaks, so that they can be dealt with sooner, says Christine Ward-Paige, founder and chief scientist at eOceans.”（eOceans的创始人兼首席科学家克里斯汀·沃德·佩奇说，在未来，来自eOceans的数据可以帮助人们及早发现危险，如石油泄漏，以便及早处理。）可知，克里斯汀·沃德·佩奇对eOceans平台的未来很乐观。故选B。
15. 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Downloading the eOceans app on your smartphone and logging what you see when you are on the coast or in the ocean, including any animals, people, pollution or even an empty beach, you can help researchers monitor the world’s oceans.”（在你的智能手机上下载eOceans应用程序，记录你在海岸或海洋中看到的东西，包括任何动物、人、污染，甚至是空旷的海滩，你可以帮助研究人员监测世界海洋。）可知，文章主要是讲人们通过eOceans平台可以帮助研究人员监测世界海洋。故选A。
5
16. D 17. D 18. A 19. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过Higgins对喜剧具有的吸引力的理解引出喜剧所具有的作用，包括让人开怀大笑、影响人们的想法和促进社会的进步。
16. 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Maeve Higgins once set herself a task. The Irish-born comedian wanted to see what life would be like if she stopped laughing at things that weren’t funny. Turns out it wasn’t as easy as she thought. “It was so hard,” she says. “ Laughter is a lubricant and is expected, and it’s really hard not to do it.””（Maeve Higgins曾经为自己设定了一个任务。这位爱尔兰裔喜剧演员想看看如果她停止嘲笑那些不好笑的事情会怎样。事实证明，这并不像她想的那么容易。她说：“那太难了”。“笑是一种润滑剂，并且被人期待，要做到不笑真的很难”。）根据第二段的“Higgins suggests there’s something particularly special about being part of the shared experience that is live comedy — that curious magic that occurs when people come together specifically to laugh.”（Higgins提到作为现场喜剧的共享体验的一部分，这是很特别的东西，当人们特意聚在一起为了笑时，就会产生奇特的魔力。）由此可知，前两段主要讨论的是Maeve Higgins如何看待喜剧的魅力和吸引力的，即Higgins对喜剧具有的吸引力的理解。故选D。
17. 短语猜测题。根据划线短语前面的“ humor appears to make fun of the weak ”（幽默的作用似乎是为了取笑弱者。）and后面的内容是幽默的第二个作用，它应该与“取笑弱者”的感情色彩类似，而A项（保护弱者远离邪恶），B项（鼓励人们变得更坚强）和C项（决心提高自己）均不能与and之前的内容相匹配。由此可知，划线短语最可能的意思是“表明你比其他人更优秀”。故选D。
18. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Amos firmly believes that when comics consciously deal with pressing or controversial （有争议的）social issues like racism, they can reach people on a much more meaningful level than that achieved by briefly lifting someone’s mood. And while it may be difficult to quantify, he says, the social and psychological impact of comedy deserves much greater recognition.”（Stephen K Amos坚信当喜剧演员有意识地处理诸如种族主义之类的紧迫或有争议的社会问题时，喜剧演员所能带给人们的意义要比短暂提升某人的情绪要有意义得多。他说，尽管这可能难以量化，但喜剧对社会和心理的影响值得更多的认可。）由此可知，喜剧通过逐渐影响人们对某些问题的态度从而对社会问题产生影响。故选A。
19. 细节理解题。根据第五段的“For some comedians, it’s not just about getting laughs — it’s about changing what we think and maybe even what we do. ”（对于一些喜剧演员来说，喜剧的作用不仅仅在于使人开怀大笑，还在于改变我们的想法，甚至改变我们的工作。）根据第六段的“As her career has evolved, she has consciously put social and political topics at the heart of her act. She believes that comedians have a role to play in challenging some of the most pressing issues of the day. ”（随着事业的发展，她有意识地将社会和政治话题作为行为的核心。她认为，喜剧演员可以在挑战当今最紧迫的问题中发挥作用。）由此可知，喜剧的作用包括：让人开怀大笑、影响人们的想法和促进社会的进步，而文中并未提到D项（使人们更有工作效率）。故选D。
6
20. D 21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍改变人们天生睡眠模式的害处从而提出弹性工作时间的好处以及现在越来越多的雇主开始给员工实行弹性工作时间。
20. 主旨大意题。根据第二段内容以及第三段首句“The benefits don't stop there, however.(然而，好处还不止于此。)”可知，第二段主要讨论了灵活的工作时间能够带来的好处。故选D。
21. 词义猜测题。文章第一段“Research has shown that disrupting one's natural “morning lark” (早起鸟) or “night owl” (夜猫子) tendency can result in immoral behavior at work.(研究表明，打乱一个人天生的“早起鸟”或“夜猫子”的习惯，可能会导致工作中的不道德行为。)”和第三段划线词后句“can result in strange, unethical, and out-of-line behavior.(会导致奇怪的、不道德的和越轨的行为。)”可知，同样是指扰乱人们的睡眠模式或者睡眠倾向。所以inclination为“趋势，倾向”之意。故选B。
22. 细节理解题。根据首段以及第四段“Science journalist Linda Geddes said, “If you don't get enough sleep, research suggests you are more likely to have unethical behavior, such as being mean, bullying your fellow employees or falsifying receipts.(科学记者琳达·格迪斯说：“研究表明，如果你睡眠不足，你更有可能做出不道德的行为，比如变得刻薄、欺负同事或伪造收据。”)”可知，打乱人们的睡眠模式，人们得不到充足的睡眠，会在工作中表现出不道德的行为。故选C。
23. 推理判断题。上一段介绍了雇主应该采取的明智做法就是让员工在觉得准备好的时候上班，而本段首句则是承接上文，指出这种转变已经发生了，然后指出27%的美国雇主为员工提供灵活的工作时间，由此判断这些数字是用来证明更多的雇主在实行弹性工作时间。故选D。
7
24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为老师为了改变学生讨厌读书的状况，鼓励学生只为乐趣而读，将读书变成了愉悦的过程。
24. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don’t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. (当孩子们还小的时候，我们让他们当着老师和其他孩子的面大声朗读，这样我们就可以确保他们“知道”他们正在读的所有单词。这就意味着当他们连一个单词都不认识的时候，他们就会当着所有人的面犯错误)”可知，在众人面前犯错误会引起孩子的挫败感。由此推知，孩子们对书的恐惧和厌恶可能是由于被要求在别人面前大声朗读。故选D项。
25. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? (孩子们坐着目瞪口呆，一言不发。这是老师在说话吗？)”可知，孩子们很震惊。由此推知，老师的话听起来太过美好而不敢相信它是真的，故选C项。
26. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, “Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”(我说：“难道你不觉得这本书中的一些章节太难吗？”她回答：“哦，当然，但我只是跳过这些部分继续下一个好的部分。”)”可知，当作者问这个女孩是否觉得某些章节太难时，女孩回答说她会跳过难理解的部分，继续看下一章精彩的部分。由此可知，她学会了欣赏困难书籍的某些部分。故选C项。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else.(找到一些东西，埋头去读它们，抓住好的部分，跳过坏的部分，从中得到你能得到的，然后再去读其他的。)”可判断出，从老师的角度看，应该让孩子们决定读什么和怎样读。故选B项。
8
28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了最近科学家们经过多次尝试之后，研发出和人类皮肤一样强壮，有弹性和敏感的智能电子皮肤。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“In Judgement Day, one of the hit film series Terminator, a cyborg played by Schwarzenegger could heal his skin wound magically, that is, he makes the skin repair itself in less than a second.”可知，在热门电影系列《终结者》之一的《审判日》中，施瓦辛格扮演的生化人可以神奇地治愈伤口，即他可以在不到一秒钟的时间内完成皮肤修复。根据第一段的第二句“Recently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans’.”可知，最近，根据Mirror的说法，一种类似智能皮肤的电子皮肤已经被开发出来了，它具有与人类一样强壮，有弹性和敏感的特性。本句中的代词it代指上文电影中的生化人的皮肤，因此上文提到热门电影中的生化人是为了引出本文的话题。故选A。
29. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The previous sensor layer was too weak or too strong, reducing its durability, sensitivity or flexibility, which makes it more likely to break.”可知，先前的传感器层太弱或太强，降低了其耐用性，灵敏度或柔韧性，使其更容易破裂。由此可知，使先前的尝试功亏一篑的是没有找到合适的感应层。故选B。
30. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“While the first port of call is medical, the e-skin could benefit a wide range of products one day, such as monitoring the structural condition of furniture and planes.”可知，虽然第一个应用的领域是医疗服务，但是未来的电子皮肤可以使多种产品受益，例如监视家具和飞机的结构状况。由此可知，未来的电子皮肤可以用来监测事物的内部结构，可以推断出电子皮肤可能会被用来检测桥梁的情况。故选B。
31. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Recently, according to Mirror, a smart electronic skin like it has been developed, which is as strong, stretchy and sensitive as humans’.”可知，最近，根据Mirror的说法，一种类似智能皮肤的电子皮肤已经被开发出来了，它与人类皮肤一样强壮，有弹性和敏感。由此可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们近期研发出了智能电子皮肤，并在下文中介绍了研发时所遇到的困难、突破和使用前景，所以D项“科学家们研发出了智能电子皮肤”符合文意。故选D。
9
32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。全文讲述了一位艺术家用废旧物品制造小房子并捐赠给无家可归的人的故事。
32. 细节理解题。根据倒第三段最后一句“The device is powered by the sun.(这个装置是由太阳供电的)”可知，这种小房子很省电，所以选项A是它的优势，排除选项A；根据第二段最后一句“She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.(她说，这能保证她的安全，保护她的财产)”可知，这种小房子可以保护无家可归者的财产，所以选项B是它的优势，排除选项B；根据第一段第一句和第二句“Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather.(Greg Kloehn建造了非常小的庇护所，让街道上的生活更加舒适。这些建筑为无家可归者提供了一些安全保障，并保护他们免受恶劣天气的影响)”可知，这种小房子确保无家可归者的安全和舒适，所以选项D是它的优势，排除选项D；文中没有提到这种小房子可以起到装饰作用，所以选项C不是它的优势，故选A。
33. 细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man. (但一些人说，他们已经学会用更少的钱生活，他们对那个人心存感激)”可知，一个善举让人们变得简单和感恩。故选B。
34. 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. (加利福尼亚州奥克兰市的一位艺术家正在用他的技能帮助无家可归的人)”可知，文章第一句就概括了全文，表明文章要讲的事情，所以这是新闻报道中的导语。根据最后一段“Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors. (克勒恩先生说，他的工作不是一个社会项目。他说，他只是一个用自己的技能帮助无家可归的邻居的人)”可知，这是转述受采访的人说的话。由此推知，这是一篇新闻报道。故选D。
35. 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句和第二句“An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. (加利福尼亚州奥克兰市的一位艺术家正在用他的技能帮助无家可归的人。Greg Kloehn建造了非常小的庇护所，让街道上的生活更加舒适)”可知，文章主要是讲一位艺术家为无家可归的人建造家园。故选A。
10
36. C 37. B 38. C 39. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了渴望体验新事物的Tori Fahey辞掉了工作，在接受MBA学位教育期间去非洲进行了自行车旅行，在旅途中感到很自由，还因此创办了自己的公司Apidura。
36. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Having worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada, Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life. But it wasn't through desperation that her circumstances changed: “I didn't get fed up and storm off, nothing like that it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new.”(Tori Fahey在加拿大石油行业金融业工作了十多年，发现自己想从生活中得到更多。但她的情况并不是在绝望中改变的:“我并不是因为受够了而愤然离开，而是对其他兴趣的好奇，想要体验新事物。”)”可知，Fahey辞掉她在加拿大的工作是因为她想给她的生活增加新的维度。故选C。
37. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Fahey said: “Bicycles provide a literal freedom. You don't allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions. But when you' re out on the bike and there's nothing else, you' re really free to experience what life is.”(Fahey说：“自行车提供了一种真正的自由。在日常生活中你不会有这样的感觉，因为有太多的干扰。但当你骑着自行车外出时，没有别的干扰，你就可以真正自由地体验生活。”)”可推知，Fahey在非洲的骑行经历很自由。故选B。
38. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““It was through my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again.” Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company.(“在我穿越非洲的旅途中，我发现pannier和rack系统很不方便，我再也不会使用它们了。”她当时根本不知道这会促使她创办自己的公司)”以及最后一段中“In 2013, Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike, race across continents and carry all they need to do so.(2013年，Apidura诞生了，为那些想要骑自行车环游世界、跨大洲比赛并携带所需物品的人提供存储解决方案)”可知，Fahey创办Apidura是为了帮助骑自行车的人携带旅行物品。故选C。
39. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In 2013, Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike, race across continents and carry all they need to do so. It's now a successful global brand, but Fahey remains reflective about what else the company can do for people.(2013年，Apidura诞生了，为那些想要骑自行车环游世界、跨大洲比赛并携带所需物品的人提供存储解决方案。它现在是一个成功的全球品牌，但Fahey仍然在思考公司还能为人们做些什么)”结合文章主要讲述了渴望体验新事物的Tori Fahey辞掉了工作，在接受MBA学位教育期间去非洲进行了自行车旅行，在旅途中感到很自由，还因此创办了自己的公司Apidura，可知，这篇文章主要讲了Apidura诞生背后的故事。故选D。
11
40. B 41. A 42. D 43. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Amanda 患癌后经济拮据，推迟学业，推迟治疗，她的朋友们知道后为她组织了快速众筹行动，亲人朋友们很快筹到钱治病。现在他们一家感恩，做志愿者回报社会。
40. 细节理解题。根据第一段“She planned to save money so she could get on her husband' s insurance and then seek medical treatment for the cancer.(她计划省钱，这样她就可以买丈夫的保险，然后就可以为癌症看病了)”及第二段“Her friends and family didn't want her to postpone her treatment due to the expense.(她的朋友和家人不希望她因为费用问题而推迟治疗)”可知，Amanda经济拮据，负担不起治疗费用。故选B项。
41. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The friend came up with the creative idea to spread the word and invite family, friends, and strangers who wanted to help to participate in a donation flash mob (快闪行动). (有朋友想出了一个创意，想要传播这个消息，邀请想帮忙的家人、朋友和陌生人参加一个捐赠快闪会)”可知，朋友们为她举行了一下慈善捐款快闪行动。故选A项。
42. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She said the experience motivated her to instill (灌输) the value of charity in her children. The family is now inspired to volunteer in their local neighborhood and contribute to crowdfunding (众筹) efforts. They are grateful for the opportunity to give back and help others as many have helped them.(她说这次经历促使她灌输慈善的价值给孩子们。现在全家被鼓舞当志愿者在当地社区,为众筹努力。他们很感激有机会回报别人，帮助别人，就像很多人曾经帮助过他们一样)”可知，Amanda夫妇很感恩。故选D项。
43. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These individuals perfectly demonstrate the value of community. It is with the help of their generosity that the family is now happy, healthy and whole.(这些人完美地展示了社区的价值。正是由于他们的慷慨相助，这个家庭现在才幸福、健康、完整)”并结合全文可知，全文主旨，慈善的价值是巨大的。故选B项。
12
44. C 45. B 46. D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以提供徒步旅行的俱乐部。
44. 细节理解题。由文中第二部分UBC Varsity Outdoor Club 介绍中“The UBC VOC has also constructed a few backcountry cottages in the Coast Mountains.（UBC VOC在海岸山脉还建造了一些偏僻的村舍。）可知，只有UBC Varsity Outdoor Club提到了为远足者建设了偏远的村舍。故选C项。
45. 细节理解题。由第三部分Pender Harbor Hiking Group中“The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance, so get on the mailing list or check the website regularly to find a hike that's right for you!”（Pender Harbor远足小组提供提前两个月安排的远足，因此，请进入邮件列表或定期检查网站，以找到适合您的远足！）可知，该俱乐部的远足安排要关注网站或邮件，故选B项。
46. 推理判断题。由文中Pender Harbor Hiking Group介绍中“Description: The Pender Harbor Hiking Group offers hikes scheduled two months in advance.”（ Pender Harbor远足小组提供提前两个月安排的远足）所以可推知是要提前订票安排的。 A项“Booking in advance.”（提前预定）可知文中并没有提到所有活动都要提前订票。同时该俱乐部介绍中“Membership cost: Free.”（会员费：免费）可知不收取会员费用，故B项“Charging membership fee.”（收取会员费）不对。 文中Yukon Outdoors Club介绍中提到“Description: The club arranges day hikes, backpacking trips, canoe trips, mountain biking, cross-country skiing trips, snowshoeing trips and various workshops for members to gain new skills and valuable. information.”（描述：俱乐部安排一日远足，背包旅行，独木舟旅行，山地自行车，越野滑雪旅行，雪鞋旅行和各种工作坊，供会员获得新技能和宝贵信息。）可知提到了获取技能。其他俱乐部未提及。故C项“Providing skill workshops”（提供技能作坊）不对。根据• UBC Varsity Outdoor Club中的“Description: The UBC Varsity Outdoor Club is a social group that hikes, mountaineers, rock climbs and ice climbs. ”描述:UBC Varsity户外俱乐部是一个社会团体，包括远足、登山、攀岩和攀冰。根据• Vernon Outdoors Club中的“Description:                                Boasting a membership of close to 200 people, the Vernon Outdoors Club is an active group that enjoys hiking and cycling.”描述:拥有近200名会员，弗农户外俱乐部是一个活跃的团体，喜欢徒步旅行和骑自行车。由此可知，四个俱乐部都组织徒步活动。故选D项。
13
47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国发布加香型电子烟禁令的原因以及对吸电子烟的人尤其是青少年以及电子烟行业和香烟行业的影响，同时作者也表达了自己对禁令和电子烟的看法。
47. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Responding to an outbreak of hundreds of serious lung illnesses from vapes(电子烟)that killed a seventh person this week, FDA(食物药品监管局)will outlaw everything but tobacco-flavored-cigarettes...(由于电子烟造成的严重的肺病爆发，这个周内造成了7人死亡，作为回应，FDA宣布除了烟草味的烟，其余的烟都是不合法的)”由此可知，就是因为由于电子烟造成的死于肺病的人的增加，才有了对电子烟的禁令，故选C。
48. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The proposed ban on flavored e-cigarettes may drive many Americans back to cigarettes(对有香味电子烟的禁令可能使美国人开始吸香烟)”以及根据第二段中“But hundreds of thousands of teens already addicted to nicotine-and 9 million adults who vape--may simply replace vaping with tobacco products.(但是成千上万对尼古丁上瘾的青少年以及900万吸电子烟的成年人只会用烟草产品取代电子烟。)”由此可知，如果对电子烟的禁令生效，那么这些人会用烟草产品，那么烟草工业会更兴盛，烟草业可能会重拾昔日的辉煌，故选D。
49. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Vaping giants like Juul need to be honest about the fact that they’re in the nicotine business, and monitor themselves accordingly. They should spend billions ensuring that stores don’t sell to minors instead of touting the "scientific conclusion"that e-cigarettes are safer than smoking.(像Juul这样的电子烟大企业要知道他们也是尼古丁产业，也要依照禁令监督自己。他们应该花钱来确保商店不向未成年人出售电子烟，而不是tout电子烟比吸烟更安全这个“科学论断”。)”结合选项，可知，作为电子烟企业，在没有禁令之前，在宣传自己产品时，会“推销”电子烟比吸烟更安全这个“科学论断”，“touting”意思是推销，故选A。
50. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“By banning favored vapes the government may be "closing the shed door after the horse has gotten out."(禁止香味电子烟，政府就像“马出来后关上棚门”)”可知作者认为这个禁令没有意义。再结合第三段中“Nobody vapes "because the flavor is so amazing," said David Marcus in The Federalist com.That's why the ban is so clueless( David Marcus在The Federalist网站上说，没有人吸电子烟是因为它不错的味道。这是禁令毫无根据的原因。)”可知作者认为禁令毫无根据。以及最后一段中“Instead of banning flavors, the government "should empower the FDA to fully regulate the industry.(与其禁止带香味的电子烟，政府不如授权给FDA来全面地规范这个行业。)”综合可推断作者对禁令是不赞同的态度，故选B。
14
51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在没有任何计划的前提下进行了环球旅行，结果证明毫无准备地旅行比想象的要容易得多。
51. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What’s more, I would do it without taking any flights or making a single advance reservation of any kind.(此外，我也不会乘坐任何航班，也不会提前预订任何种类的机票)”可知，作者旅行的特别之处是没有提前预定，也没有坐飞机。故选C。
52. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Once I set off on my adventure in October 2016, I found that travelling without using planes was not easy. Trying to circle the globe in 16 months (it took me a bit longer than the initial 12 months I planned) made it even tougher.(当我在2016年10月开始我的冒险之旅时，我发现不使用飞机旅行并不容易。试着在16个月内绕地球一周〔这比我最初计划的12个月要长一些〕让事情变得更加困难)”由此可知，作者2016年10月出发，16个月后返回，即作者最有可能在2018年2月回到美国。故选D。
53. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I took three consecutive overnight buses to travel 3,000 km through Argentina, from Ushuaia, the world’s southernmost city, to the capital Buenos Aires. (我连续乘坐了三趟通宵巴士，从世界最南端的城市乌斯怀亚到首都布宜诺斯艾利斯，穿越阿根廷3000公里)”、第四段第一句“It took seven consecutive days and nights on trains to get from Moscow to Beijing (从莫斯科到北京坐了连续七天的火车)”及第四段最后一句“Later in my journey, it took 22 days on a cargo freighter to get from New Zealand through the Panama Canal and back to Philadelphia, to finish my round-the-world adventure. (在我后来的旅程中，我用了22天的时间乘坐货轮从新西兰穿过巴拿马运河回到费城，完成了我的环球冒险)”可知，作者的旅行路线是乌斯怀亚，布宜诺斯艾利斯，莫斯科，北京，新西兰，费城。故选B。
54. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I found travelling without using planes was not easy.”可知，作者在2008年12月开始他的冒险之旅时，他发现不坐飞机旅行并不容易；结合最后一段中“It turned out that travelling with no reservations was far less difficult than had imagined. Pulling into a city on a bus with a backpack, looking in a guidebook for a few suggestions of accommodations, and then finding an empty room was never much of a problem anywhere.(没有计划的旅行远没有想象中那么困难，带着背包坐公交车进城，在旅游指南上寻找一些住宿建议，然后找到一个住处在任何地方都不是什么大问题)”可推知，作者的态度是积极的，认为虽然旅行有一定挑战性，但总体上是愉快的。故选A。
15
55. D 56. D 57. C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了面临着消失危险的四个著名景点。
55. 细节理解题。根据Machu Picchu部分下的The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins, making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.(旅游业加速了自然侵蚀，这个具有里程碑意义的地方正面临着步行带来的严重影响。秘鲁政府最近建议使用缆车，这样就可以减少到遗址的徒步旅行，让数百万人立即进入遗址，但马丘比丘的未来仍不确定。)可知，因为巨大的旅游负担，马丘比丘遗址受到了人类步行参观时所带来的毁灭性影响。D. It bears a heavy burden of tourism.(它承受着旅游业带来的巨大压力。)符合以上说法，故选D项。
56. 推理判断题。根据The Great Barrier Reef部分下的Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off.(隐藏在波浪之下，大堡礁正在迅速消亡。)可推测，游客需要潜入海中才能领略大堡礁的美。故选D项。
57. 细节理解题。根据Venice部分下的This iconic city is sinking rapidly.和this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate可知，威尼斯正在迅速下沉，将以很快的速度被海水淹没；根据Machu Picchu部分下的The forces of natural erosion(侵蚀)have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic.可知，过重的旅游负担正在加速马丘比丘的自然侵蚀；根据Glacier National park部分下的Perhaps you’ve heard that the ice caps are melting.可知，冰川国家公园正在融化；根据The Great Barrier Reef部分下的Hidden from view beneath the waves, the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. 可知，大堡礁正在迅速消亡。即文章提到的四个景点所面临的共同问题是，它们都有消失的危险。C. They’re all in danger of disappearing.(它们都面临着消失的危险)符合以上说法，故选C项。
16
58. D 59. C 60. B 61. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上的下一代无线技术——5G，解释了什么是5G，5G的一些优势以及何时可以投入使用的问题。
58. 推理判断题。根据第三段中5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.可知5G代表第五代，意味着技术进步的下一步将取代目前的4G系统。由此可推知，目前广泛使用的是4G。故选D。
59. 细节理解题。根据第三段中It is expected to permit more users to do more things-at a faster rate. Higher internet speeds and larger network capacity should result in better performance for device users connected to 5G. However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different than the earlier systems. It will move well beyond mobile network technology to affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.可知它有望允许更多的用户以更快的速度做更多的事情。更高的网速和更大的网络容量将为连接到5G的设备用户带来更好的性能。然而，技术专家表示，5G与早期系统有一个主要的不同之处。与其他“G”版本相比，它将远远超越移动网络技术，影响更多的设备和行业。由此可知，5G系统相对于其他系统的优势有它将允许更多的用户做更多的事情、网速将会高得多以及它将影响更多的设备和行业，除了C选项“用户在这上面花的钱会少得多”文章没有提到。故选C。
60. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Before we can all use 5G, wireless companies and phone makers will have to complete and deploy (部署) a whole new system. New phones and communication equipment must be built. (在我们都能使用5G之前，无线公司和手机制造商必须完成并部署一套全新的系统。必须制造新的电话和通讯设备)以及后文Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.可知行业专家预计还需要几年时间才能推广到全国。农村地区将需要更长的时间。中国预计将在2020年的某个时候推出5G，而随着时间的推移，欧洲国家可能会放慢其系统的建设速度。由此可推知，在5G投入使用之前还有很多工作要做。故选B。
61. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中The first U.S, launch of 5G is expected to happen sometime this year. Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.可知在美国，5G预计将在今年的某个时候推出。行业专家预计还需要几年时间才能推广到全国。农村地区将需要更长的时间。中国预计将在2020年的某个时候推出5G，而随着时间的推移，欧洲国家可能会放慢其系统的建设速度。由此可知，5G系统的使用顺序为：美国→中国→欧洲国家。故选A。
17
62. A 63. D 64. C 65. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，如果你的手指一年四季都在发冷，可能是得了雷诺氏病，解释了它的原因、症状、发病群体。
62. 推理判断题。由第一段“If your fingers get chilly all year round—even in the peak of summer—you’re not alone. Many people get cold hands during all of the seasons, due to a number of causes, from genetic to chronic illnesses.”（如果你的手指一年四季都在发冷，即使是在盛夏时节，你也不孤单。许多人在整个季节都会手感冰冷，原因有很多，从遗传病到慢性病。），可推断出第一段的内容是为下文做铺垫，为了介绍一个疾病话题。故选A项。
63. 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Common reasons include being elderly and thin.”（常见的原因包括年老体瘦。）和“Cold hands are one of the symptoms of both anemia (贫血症) and hypothyroidism (甲状腺机能减退). Diabetes, which reduces blood circulation, can also trigger it. And if your heart is weak from heart disease, your body may prioritize sending blood to your core over your limbs.”（手冰冷是贫血和甲状腺功能减退的症状之一。糖尿病会减少血液循环，也会引发手冰冷。如果你的心脏因为心脏病而虚弱，你的身体可能会优先把血液输送到你的心脏而不是四肢。），可知年纪大、偏瘦、糖尿病和心脏病是导致双手冰冷的原因，文章并未提及肥胖导致双手冰冷。故选D项。
64. 细节理解题。由第四段中的“Raynaud’s is more common in women, and it most often develops before the age of 30. In fact, if you develop Raynaud’s when you’re older—usually after 40—it can be a sign of another underlying issue.”（雷诺氏病在女性中更为常见，最常在30岁之前发病。事实上，如果你在40岁以后得雷诺氏病的话，这可能是另一个潜在问题的征兆。），可知在某些情况下，雷诺氏病可能是一些健康问题的征兆。故选C项。
65. 推理判断题。由最后一段“For the majority of people living with Raynaud’s, medication won’t be necessary. However, a rare, more severe form of Raynaud’s affects less than one in 1,000 people. In these cases, blood can become completely blocked, causing sores on the hands. If they go untreated, it can lead to gangrene (坏疽) and, very rarely, amputation (截肢).”（对于大多数雷诺氏病患者来说，药物治疗是不必要的。然而，一种罕见的，更严重的雷诺氏病影响不到千分之一的人。在这种情况下，血液会完全阻塞，导致手部疼痛。如果他们得不到治疗，可能会导致坏疽和截肢。），可知本段主要讲不同雷诺氏病患者，有的不需要治疗，有的不治疗，后果严重，可推断出在下一段中，作者可能会谈论雷诺氏病的治疗及预防手部冰冷的方法。故选B项。
18
66. C 67. A 68. C 69. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年前发现自己对软件很感兴趣，觉得编程很吸引人，但是一年后作者回到弹奏钢琴上后，发现乐感不如以前好了。练习了几周也没有进步于是非常沮丧，这时作者从网上的编程教程得到灵感，开发了一款应用程序，可以帮助训练乐感，这次经历也让作者意识到编程和钢琴二者是有共同点的。
66. 细节理解题。根据第一段中In my second year of high school, I took my first computer science course, which helped me realize I was interested in software. The idea of creating something from just lines of codes and logic was very fascinating.可知在我高二的时候，我上了我的第一节计算机科学课，这让我意识到我对软件很感兴趣。仅仅从代码行和逻辑中创造一些东西的想法是非常吸引人的。以及第二段中A year later, when I got back on the piano, I quickly noticed my musical ear was not as strong as it was before.可知一年后，当我回到钢琴上时，我很快发现我的乐感不如以前那么强了。由此可知，一年前作者发展了另一个爱好。故选C。
67. 推理判断题。根据第二段中Then I had a firm decision to get my skills to where it used to be.(然后我下定决心要把我的技能提高到以前的水平)以及第三段中While watching hundreds of tutorials online on how to code in Swift I came up with an idea. What if I used the knowledge I gained from these tutorials to develop an app that would help train my musical ear. After hours of coding, I developed an app that would play a different series of notes, then the user would have to type in the corresponding notes to what they heard.(在网上看了数百个如何用Swift编码的教程后，我有了一个想法。如果我用这些教程学到的知识来开发一个应用程序，来帮助训练我的乐感会怎么样呢？经过几个小时的编码，我开发了一个应用程序，可以播放一系列不同的音符，然后用户必须根据他们听到的内容输入相应的音符)由此可推知，作者下定决心提高技能和用学到的知识开发了一个应用程序，可知作者是个有决心和创造力的人。故选A。
68. 推理判断题。根据第三段中While watching hundreds of tutorials online on how to code in Swift I came up with an idea. What if I used the knowledge I gained from these tutorials to develop an app that would help train my musical ear.可知在网上看了数百个如何用Swift编码的教程后，我有了一个想法。如果我用这些教程学到的知识来开发一个应用程序，来帮助训练我的乐感会怎么样呢？由此可推知，作者从网上的教程中获得了灵感。故选C。
69. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中In both of these cases, it takes patience to go through each measure or line to hear or find the error. I realized when I’m playing the piano I am also practicing my programming skills and vice versa.可知在这两种情况下，需要耐心地去仔细检查每一小节或每一行，才能听到或找到错误。我意识到，当我弹钢琴的时候，我也在练习我的编程技巧，反之亦然。由此可知，作者能从这次经历中发现编程和弹钢琴有一些共同之处。故选C。