英语八年级上册Section A精品课时练习

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Unit 2 Section A

目标导航


单词
housework n.家务劳动；家务事
program n.节目
hardly adv.几乎不；几乎没有
full adj.忙的；满的；充满的
ever adv.在任何时候；从来；曾经
swing n.摆动；秋千v.(使）摆动；摇摆
once adv.一次；曾经
maybe adv.大概；或许；可能
twice adv.两次；两倍
least adv.最小；最少 adj.& pron.最小的；最少的
Internet n.(国际）互联网；因特网
短语
go to the movies=go to the cinema
on weekends=at weekends(泛指）在周末看电影
on the weekend=at the weekend 在这个周末，在本周末
use the Internet 使用互联网
have lessons 上课
help with housework 帮忙做家务
hardly ever几乎从不
swing dance 摇摆舞
watch TV看电视
stay up(late)熬夜（到很晚）
go shopping 去购物
play sports=do sports 做运动
twice a week 每周两次
at least至少；不少于；起码
once a week 每周一次
go to bed early 早睡
junk food垃圾食品
every day每天（作时间状语）
用法归纳
1.help(sb.) with sth.sth.=help(sb.) to do sth.帮助（某人）做某事
2.with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下
3.有时sometimes/at times/from time to time
4.how构成的特殊疑问词组
how soon 还要多久
how often 多久一次
how long多长（时间或物体长度）
how far 多远
how many times 多少次
5.基数词 （≥3)+times······次
6.use sth.to do sth.用某物做某事
7.be free有空的；自由的
8.full相关短语 be full忙的 be full of 充满······
9.How come?为什么？／怎么会呢？
10.have a/an...lesson上······课
11.What kind of...?什么种类的······?
12.How about/What about...?······怎么样？（用来询问情况、提出建议或征求意见）
13. play tennis with sb.和某人一起打网球
句子
1.How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？
2.What kind of dance are you learning?你在学哪种舞蹈？
3.Hmm... next week is quite full for me,Jack,嗯··..··杰克，我下周很忙。

知识精讲


知识点01 how often的用法（高频考点）
课文原句
How often do you exercise?你多久做一次运动？（P9)
用法how often意为“多久一次”，用来对动作发生的频率进行提问。
－How often do you go to the library?你多长时间去一次图书馆？
－Twice a week/Every day.每周去两次／每天都去。
辨析how often,how long,how soon
how often多久一次，对频率提问
how long多久、多长时间，对时间段提问
how soon多久，对将来的时间提问
－How long have you lived here?你在这儿住多久了？
－For 20.20 years.二十年了。
－How soon will your husband come back?你丈夫多久才能回来？
－He'll come back in 3 days.他三天后回来。
拓展
由how构成的特殊疑问短语还有：
how old多大年龄（对年龄进行提问）
how far 多远（对距离进行提问）
how many多少（对可数名词的量进行提问
how much多少；多少钱（对不可数名词的量或价格进行提问）
how long 多长（对物体的长度进行提问）
how heavy 多重（对重量进行提问）
how wide 多宽（对宽度进行提问）
【即学即练1】
－ do you go to the school library?
－Twice a week.
A.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How much
解析：
考查特殊疑问词辨析。答语表示的是频率，用How often“多久一次”来提问。

知识点02 on weekends 在周末

教材原句 What do you usually do on weekends?
用法
on weekends
相当于at weekends,意思是“在周末”。同样的意思也可以使用 on the weekend 或 at the weekend.
The small shop is closed on/at the weekend.这个小商店周末不开门。
拓展：weekday“工作日”指星期一到星期五；on weekdays在工作日。
【即学即练2】
不论是在工作日还是在周末，张桂梅都和她的学生们待在一起。
No matter on weekdays or Zhang Guimei always stays with her students.
答案：at weekends

知识点03 help with 在某方面帮助
教材原句help with housework 帮忙做家务（P9)
用法 后面接表示物的名词
e.g.The work is difficult. I need someone to help with it.这项工作很难。我需要有人来帮忙。
She often helps her mother with housework.她经常帮助妈妈做家务。help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
help作名词时的常用短语：
①with the help of ...在···的帮助下②one's help没有某人的帮助
拓展：help作动词，常见用法：
help oneself to sth. 随便吃 / 喝······
Please help yourself to some bread.请随便吃些面包吧。
can't/ couldn't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
When he heard the good news, he couldn't help jumping.当他听到这个好消息时，他情不自禁地跳起来了。
help sb. with sth.=help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
My brother often helps me (to) do my homework..=My brother often helps me with my homework.我哥哥经常帮我做家庭作业。
【即学即练3】
I often help my parents housework on Sundays.
A.on B.in C.with
解析：
用“固定搭配法”。本句的谓语动词是help,后面接宾语“my parents”，构成了“help sb.with sth.”这一固定结构，意思是：帮助某人做某事。


知识点04 sometimes有时
辨析：sometimes, some times, sometime 与 some time
sometimes频度副词 意为“有时；间或”，相当于attimes.可用于句首、句中或句末。对其提问要使用how often.
some times名词短语 意为“几次；几回”，其中time是可数名词，意思是“次；回”。对其提问要使用how many times.
sometime 副词 意为“在某个时候”，表示某个不确定或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对其提问要使用 when.
some time名词短语 意为“一段时间”，常和延续性动词连用，对其提问要使用 how long.
速记小法：
分开是“一段”（some time),
牵手是“sometime);
分加s是“倍；次”（some tines),
合加s是“有时”（sometimes)
【即学即练4】
Tom is a good student. He does his homework after school,but he plays basketball with his friends.
A. usually;often B. usually; usually C.usually; sometimes D.never;usually
解析：
考查频率副词。usually意为“通常”，表示的频率大，sometimes意为“有时”，表示的频率小。
知识点05 hardly几乎不；几乎没有
教材原句hardly ever
用法 作副词，本身表示否定，不能与否定词连用。
e.g.Without accumulating, we can hardly achieve anything.不积跬步，无以至千里。
拓展：如果一个陈述句中出现hardly,改成反意疑问句时，附加部分要使用肯定式。
e.g.He hardly goes to work by car, does he?他几乎不开车去上班，对吗？
语境串记：
I can hardly believe he is practicing hard in the yard .It's hard to exercise outside when it blows hard. 我几乎不能相信他正在院子里努力训练。当风刮得很猛烈的时候在户外训练是很困难的。
－言辨异I can hardly believe my eyes.It's raining hard,but people are in the fields. They are working hard.They are too hard.我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。雨下得很大，但人们都在地里。他们正在努力工作。他们太辛苦了。
重点考点
hardly(否定词）用于反意疑问句时，后半句用肯定提问。
She hardly eats anything,does she?她几乎什么都不吃，是吗？
注意hardly为否定词，否定词还有never,seldom,few,little,no,nothing等。
【即学即练5】
When the rainstorm came,it began to rain and the wind blew strongly.
A.hard B.hardly C.heavy
解析
考查词义辨析。句意：暴雨来临时，天开始下起了大雨，风刮得很大。hard做形容词，意为“困难
的”；做副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”；hardly做副词，意为“几乎不”；heavy做形容词，意为“重的；沉的”。空格处修饰动词rain(下雨），应用副词。由句意可知，此处表达“下大雨”，故选A.

知识点06 once的用法
教材原句once a week 每周一次（P10)
用法
once做副词，意为“一次”。
twice表示“两次”，三次及以上用“数字十times”。
once a day一天一次
twice a month一月两次
three times a day一天三次
拓展
once做副词，意为“曾经”，常用于一般过去时。
He once told me about his hobby as a child.他曾经告诉过我他儿时的爱好。
固定搭配
at once立刻，马上；once upon a time从前（过去时标致词）；once in a while偶尔；once again再一次。
知识点07 full的用法（高频考点）
教材原句Humm...next week is quite full for me,Jack.嗯······我下周已经安排得很满了，杰克。
用法full做形容词，有以下用法
1.忙的 反义词free adj.空闲的
2.满的 反义词empty adj.空的
3.饱的 反义词hungry adj.饥饿的
Her life was too full to find time for hobbies.她的生活太忙，没有业余爱好的时间。
拓展 be full of表示状态，意为“装满／充满·····.”，相当于be filled with,意为“充满；装满”，强调动作。
一言辨异
Her heart is filled with the sad feelings and her eyes are full of/are filled with tears. 悲伤充满她的心间，她眼里满是泪水。
注意
fill...with... 指“用··装····
一言辨异
Bob filled the bottle with sand last night.So the bottle is filled with/full of sand now.昨天晚上鲍勃用沙子装满了这个瓶子。所以这个瓶子现在装满了沙子。
【即学即练6】
根据汉语提示完成句子
After hearing the exciting news,she got so excited that her eyes （充满，填满）tears.
答案were ful1 of/were filled with
知识点08 what kind 引导特殊疑问句的用法
教材原句What kind of dance are you learning?你在学哪一种舞蹈？（P10)
用法 what kind意为“什么种类”，
－what kind of music什么种类的音乐。
－What kind of music do you like best?你最喜欢什么种类的音乐？
－Pop music.流行音乐。
拓展
what和名词构成的特殊疑问
what+名词短语有：what sport什么活动 what color什么颜色 what size什么尺码 what animal什么动物
what time什么时间 what club什么俱乐部 what class哪个班 what language什么语言
知识点09 maybe的用法
教材原句I go to the movies maybe once a month.我大概每个月看一次电影。（P11)
用法
maybe做副词，意为“或许；大概；可能”，表示说话人对当前的事有疑问，不肯定，位于句首，与possibly和perhaps同义，在句中做状语。
Maybe it will rain tomorrow.明天可能要下雨。
辨析maybe,may be
maybe副词 或许；也许 位于句首，与possibly,perhaps 同义，做状语。
may be情态动词＋be动词 也许是；可能是 用于句中，做谓语，表示可能性较小的推测。
一言辨异
Maybe you are right and he may be on his way to school.也许你是对的，他可能是正在上学的路上。
知识点10 stay up的用法
教材原句How often do they stay up late? 他们多长时间熬一次夜？（P11)
用法
stay up相当于stay up late,意为“熬夜；不睡觉”。
I stayed up to write a report last night.昨晚我熬夜写报告。
固定搭配
stay healthy保持健康
stay at home待在家里
stay away from远离
stay/be in touch with sb.和某人保持联系
知识点11 at least 的用法
教材原句He plays at least twice a week.他每周至少踢两次。（P11)
用法
at least 表示“至少”，修饰时间、距离、长度等，反义短语为at most(最多；至多）。least是little的最高级形式。
Teenagers should sleep at least eight hours a night.青少年每晚至少应该睡8个小时。
拓展
其他含at的易考短语：at first首先，起初；at last 最后；at night 在晚上；not...at all 一点儿也不 ;at the same time同时；at noon在正午；at times有时；at once 立刻；at the end of...在······结尾；at the beginning of... 在······开始；at present目前。
【即学即练7】
－How many members are there in your club?
－Eight this term,but there will be twenty next term.
A.at least B.at present C.at all D.at once
解析
考查介词短语辨析。句意为“在你的俱乐部里有多少个成员？”“本学期8个，但下学期将至少20个。”。根据语境，表示“至少20个”要用at least,故选A.

能力拓展


考法01 知识点09 have to的用法（高频考点）
教材原句Oh,I have to play tennis with my friends.哦，我得跟朋友们打网球。（P10)
用法
have to 意为“必须；不得不”，表示客观上要做的事，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。其否定句、疑问句与实义动词的变化规律一致。
She doesn't have to come to school tomorrow.她明天不必到学校来。
注意
have to 和must 都有“必须”之意，但是 have to 侧重于强调客观条件需要做的事情，而must侧重于表示说话人的主观看法，认为有义务，有必要去做某事。
His grandpa has to stay in bed because he is ill.他爷爷病了，不得不卧床休息。
We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们必须保持教室干净整洁。
重要考点 have to用于must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答。此时don't/doesn't have to相当于needn't.mustn't表示“禁止；一定不要”。
－Mom,must I go home now?妈妈，我现在必须回家吗？
－No,you don't have to/needn't.You can go home a little later.不，你不必。你可以晚点回家。
We mustn't eat in class.我们在课堂上禁止吃东西。
【典例1】
－Must I make a phone call to him now?
－No,you .You write an e-mail.
A.mustn't;may B.may not;must C.shouldn't;must D.don't have to;may
解析
考查情态动词辨析。句意为“我必须现在打电话给他吗？”“不，不需要。你可以给他写电子邮件。”。以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答用“No,...needn't.”或＂No,...don't have to.”，故选D.

分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
一、单项选择
1．Now people can do many things they want at home because of the __________. They can order food, buy clothes and have classes.
A．world B．Internet C．supermarket D．restaurant
2．He often ________ me ________ my math. So I am becoming better at math this term.
A．helped; with B．helped; to C．helps; with D．helps; to
3．If you must go, ________ wait until the rain is over.
A．at most B．at least C．at last D．at first
4．This week is so ________ for me. Could I go shopping with you next week?
A．happy B．hungry C．full D．free
5．It’s not ________ to learn computers if you work ________.
A．hard, hardly B．hardly, hardly C．hardly, hard D．hard, hard
6．—What’s your favorite ________?
— Sports World.
A．food B．sport C．program D．subject
7．Speak louder, please! I can   ________   hear you.
A．easily B．hardly C．usually D．completely
8．What does he usually do ________ weekends?
A．in B．on C．for D．of
9．—______ do they go to the countryside to exercise?
—Hardly ever.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
10．He ______ late to watch a football match last night.
A．got up B．stayed up C．put up D．cut up
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．My mother goes to Beijing __________________ (two) a month.
2．Although the little girl has only been there ________ (one) before, she found the way easily.
3．The park has been here for at ________ (little) 50 years.
4．—How often does he go shopping?
—He _________(hard) ever goes shopping.
5．He never ________（watch）TV at home on weekdays.
6．There are not any ________(programmer) on TV now.
7．Some of my classmates don't like to go ________ (shop).
8．His mother goes shopping three ______________ (time) a week.
9．Everyone wants __________ (have) a strong body.
10．The old man _______________ (exercise) every morning.
三、根据汉语提示填空
1．Li Jun is a good boy. He often helps his parents do the _______ (家务活) at home.
2．We can ________（几乎不）believe we are in the city centre. It’s so quiet.
3．I usually sleep for ________ seven hours a night.   (至少；不少于)
4．He watches TV ________ (两次) a week.
5．He isn’t at school now. _______ (或许) he is at home.
6．Have you __________（曾经）been to Australia?
7．I sometimes go home ________（一次）a month.
8．The box is ________ (满的). You can’t put the books in it.
9．You can do almost anything on the ________ (网络) these days.
10．Jane and her brother are learning ________________ (摇摆舞).
题组B 能力提升练
一、阅读理解
What do you usually do on the Internet?
I love shopping on the Internet. I sit in front of the computer for hours. I shop every day. I can always find cheap but good things online. Sometimes I watch movies or listen to songs.
Miss Wu, an office lady
As a student, I'm always busy from Monday to Friday. I only surf the Internet on weekends. I often play computer games and chat with my friends online.
Li Hui
I can't work without the Internet. I need it to send and receive emails. I write at least twenty e mails each day. When I am free, I also love to read news online.   
Mr. Liu, a manager
I’m a housewife and I like cooking. I write blogs about my cooking and upload (上传) the photos of my dishes every day. I love reading people’s reply (回复). And I’m happy that they love my dishes.
Mrs. Tao
1．What does Miss Wu do on the Internet every day?
A．She does some shopping.
B．She watches movies.
C．She listens to music.
D．She reads books.
2．How often may Li Hui play computer games?
A．Every day.
B．Once or twice a week.
C．Three times a year.
D．Once a month.
3．Who loves to read news on the Internet?
A．Miss Wu. B．Li Hui. C．Mr. Liu. D．Mrs. Tao.
4．What does Mrs. Tao upload every day?
A．The photos of her dishes.
B．The photos of her games.
C．The photos of her parties.
D．The photos of her friends.
5．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Miss Wu always sells clothes.
B．Li Hui writes emails in the evening.
C．Mr. Liu plays computer games every day.
D．Many people love Mrs. Tao's blogs.
二、补全对话7选5
A: Hello, Jill. ___1___
B: No, I’m quite busy.
A: Really?
B: Yes. I have two music lessons and I have lots of homework to do.
A: ___2___
B: Three times a week, on Monday, Thursday and Saturday.
A: ___3___
B: Pop music.
A: __4___
B: No, I’m not.
A: Great! __5___
B: Sure. I want to go there to relax.
A．What kind of music are you learning?
B．Are you free this Saturday?
C．What can you do?
D．Can you go to the beach with me?
E．How often do you have music lessons?
F．Do you want to be a music teacher?
G．Well, are you busy this Sunday?
三、完形填空
Jack is a ___1___ writer. Lots of people like him and his works. Jack is different____2____ many other writers. Although he needs to work at home and he likes reading and watching different ____3____ of TV shows, he doesn’t always stay at home. He likes going outside and exercising. ___4___, he often runs, swims and goes skateboarding. ___5___ he also goes camping with his friends. He has many good habits so he is very happy. And he is always in good ___6___. How can he keep healthy? He ___7___ us some advice(建议).   Let’s have a look together.
First, keep ___8___ every day. He gets up at 6:00 a.m. and ___9___ for one hour every morning. And he walks to mountains three times a week. So don’t be lazy. Second, remember to have ____10____. It’s very important. He always has a lot of porridge, bread or milk ___11____ doing morning exercises. Then ____12____ after working. Don’t worry too much about your ____13____. It isn’t ____14____ for your health. You can try listening to music or walking with friends if you have time. He’s sure it will ___15____ you have a healthy body.
1．A．common B．lucky C．famous D．fresh
2．A．in B．from C．of D．with
3．A．kinds B．cultures C．reasons D．roles
4．A．Because of B．For example C．So far D．In fact
5．A．Hardly B．Finally C．Sometimes D．Luckily
6．A．life B．interest C．mind D．health
7．A．plans B．gives C．finds D．teaches
8．A．working B．writing C．exercising D．reading
9．A．runs B．watches C．drives D．jumps
10．A．meal B．dinner C．breakfast D．lunch
11．A．when B．if C．after D．as
12．A．relax B．talk C．practice D．leave
13．A．friends B．work C．homework D．housework
14．A．bad B．good C．nice D．cool
15．A．make B．try C．hope D．decide
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、单项选择
1．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）—How many members are there in your club?
—Eight this term, but there will be twenty ________ next term.
A．at least B．at present C．at all D．at once
2．（2021·山东济南·二模）—Have you ever been to Hong Kong?
—No, _______. I hope I can go there next year.
A．never B．sometimes C．often D．always
3．（2021·四川乐山·二模）Mrs Green ________ drives to work. But today she drives because of the rain.
A．always B．sometimes C．hardly
4．（2021·江苏盐城·二模）When the result of the competition was announced, Andy could ________ believe his ears. He came first!
A．mostly B．simply C．really D．hardly
5．（2021·江苏淮安·二模）---_______do you brush your teeth?
---Twice or more a day.
A．How soon B．How far C．How long D．How often
6．（2020·山东青岛·中考真题）—Allen, shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon?   
— I'm sorry, David, but I ________ meet my cousin at the train station.
A．have to B．can C．may D．could
7．（2019·全国·一模）—How often do you play tennis?
—Twice week. And I often play it in sports center in our school
A．the;／ B．a:an C．an；the D．a;the
8．（2020·天津和平·三模）Rock music sound popular with the young, but it's not the favor of the aged people.
A．must B．need C．should D．may
9．（2018·广东深圳·中考真题）—Tony, have you got any plan for the summer vacation?
—Not yet. Perhaps I’ll go back to my hometown with my family.
A．Maybe B．Actually C．Generally
10．（2017·甘肃白银·中考真题）The newspaper comes twice daily.
A．two times a day B．two days C．two times a week D．two times more often
二、完成句子
1．（2021·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·中考真题）中学生每天至少应该保证八小时的睡眠时间。
Middle school students should have ________ ________ 8 hours’ sleep every day.
2．（2020·湖北十堰·中考真题）你们多久上一次劳动课?
________ do you have a labor class?
3．（2020·四川达州·中考真题）他几乎从不生病的母亲死于新冠肺炎，真是令人遗憾。
It’s such a pity that his mother who __________ _________ fell ill died of COVID-19.
4．（2020·甘肃·古浪县第二中学八年级竞赛）How often ________ your father ________ (do) the housework?
5．（2020·甘肃·古浪县第二中学八年级竞赛）我爸爸几乎不骑车上班。
My father___________rides to work.