人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级上册Section B精品课时练习

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Unit 6 Section B

目标导航


单词
team n.队；组 meaning n. 意义；意思
foreign adj.外国的 improve v.改进；改善
able adj.能够 physical adj.身体的
promise n.承诺；诺言 v.许诺；承诺 themselves pron.他（她、它）们自己
beginning n.开头；开端 hobby n.业余爱好
paint .用颜料画；在······上刷油漆 discuss v.讨论；商量
weekly adj.&adv.每周的（地） own adj.& pron.自己的；本人的
schoolwork n.学校作业；功课 personal adj.个人的；私人的
question v.表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询 relationship n.关系；联系
短语
be able to 能够 foreign language 外语
have to do with关于；与······有关系 sound like 听起来像
too...to...太······而不能······ different kinds of 不同种类的
at the beginning of 在······开始 make resolutions 下决心
get good grades 取得好成绩 for this reason 由于这个原因
write down 写下；记录下 make promises to sb.向某人许下诺言
make promises 作出承诺 the coming year 来年
take up(尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做 a weekly plan一个周计划
New Year's Resolutions 新年计划 forget about 忘记；忘掉
make the soccer team成为足球队的一员 the meaning of······的意思
用法归纳
1.be able to do sth.能够做某事 2.be going to do sth.打算做某事
3.too...to do sth.太······而不能做某事 4.help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
5.learn to do sth.学习做某事 6.promise to do sth.承诺做某事
句子
1. When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year,we hope that we are going to improve our lives.当我们在年初作出决定时，我们希望我们会改善我们的生活。
2.For this reason,some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 因为这个原因，一些人说最好的决心就是没有决心！

知识精讲


知识点01 team n.队；组
教材原句 make the soccer team
用法team是集合名词，作主语时，如果侧重指整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果侧重指个体，谓语动词用
复数形式。类似用法的词还有family,couple等。
强调整体
The team isn't playing very well this season.这支队伍本赛季表现不佳。
强调个体
Our team train hard to win the match.我们队的队员们为赢得比赛刻苦训练。
【即学即练1】
Our success lies in working together as a t 。（团队）
答案：（t）eam
与 team 有关的短语有：
①make a team组建一支队伍
②be in a team在队里；是队里的一员
③team spirit 团队精神
④a team event团体比赛项目
⑤a team of...一个······小组(团队）
知识点02 sound v.听起来
教材原句Sounds interesting.
用法sound 作连系动词，后接形容词作表语。sound like意为“听起来像”，后接名词（短语）。
His words sound reasonable.他的话听起来合理。
That sounds like a fun way to practice writing.那听起来是一个有趣的练习写作的方法。
I like listening to the sound of the rain.我喜欢听雨声。声音，指自然界各种声音
【即学即练2】
这个主意听起来真不错，让我们尝试一下吧
Let's have a try.

答案：This idea sounds really good.
解析：
考查sound作系动词后加形容词的用法。其意思为“听起来”。idea意为“主意”。主语为第三人称单数，故sound
用第三人称单数形式。
知识点03 foreign adj.外国的
教材原句I'm going to learn another foreign language.
用法
foreign 在句中可作定语，没有比较级和最高级形式。
语境串记：
There are many foreigners（n.外国人）speaking different foreign languages in Beijing.在北京有许多讲不同外语的外国人。
It's a good way to learn a foreign language by listening and speaking.通过听说来学习一门外语是个好方法。
Now most students don't want to study in foreign countries.现在多数学生不想在外国学习。
【即学即练3】
Now Chinese dishes are more and more popular in.many （外国的）countries.
答案foreign
知识点04 be able to do sth.能够做某事
教材原句Were you able to keep them?
辨析：
be able to用于多种时态，be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化，强调具体做某事的能力，表示“经过努力而做成某事”。
can无人称和数的变化，常指一般性的能力，表示“能做某事”。can还可以表示推测。
You must be able to speak French for this job.干这项工作，你必须会说法语。
She was able to finish reading the article by herself.她能够自己读完这篇文章。
He can speak two foreign languages.他会说两种外语。
拓展able作形容词，意为“能够”，反义词为unable“未能；无法”；名词为ability“能力；本领”。
Ability is the state of being able to do something.能力就是指能够做某事的这种状态。
【即学即练4】
Alice is a clever girl. She is always （有能力的）to come up with good ideas.
答案 able
知识点05 （高频）promise n.承诺；诺言 v.许诺；承诺
教材原句It's a kind of promise.
用法
promise 作名词，常用结构：
①make a promise许下诺言
②break a promise违背诺言
③keep a promise信守诺言
promise 作动词，常用结构：
①promise to do sth.许诺做某事；答应做某事
②promise sb. sth.＝promise sth. to sb.向某人承诺某事
③promise+that许诺······
Once you make a promise to others,you should try your best to keep it.一旦你对别人许下诺言，你就应该尽最大
努力信守承诺。
I got angry when he broke his promise.当他违背诺言时，我生气了。
He promised to pick me up at the school gate.他答应在校门口接我。
He promised a bike to his son.=He promise his son a bike.他许诺给他的儿子买一辆自行车。
I promise I will study harder later.我许诺以后我要更加努力学习。
【即学即练5】
Our national hero Yue Fei to devote(贡献）himself to the country at a young age.
A.failed B.forgot C.promised D.refused
解析
考查动词辨析。fail失败；forget忘记；promise承诺，保证；refuse拒绝。根据句意“我们的民族英雄岳飞在年轻时就献身于祖国。”可知，空格处表示“承诺”，故选C.
知识点06 beginning的用法
教材原句When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives.我们在新年即始时下决心，希望改善我们的生活。（P45)
用法beginning 做名词，意为“开始；开端”。
This is the beginning of the garden tour.这是游园活动的开始。
固定搭配
from beginning to end从头到尾；自始至终
from the beginning从一开始
at the beginning=in the beginning起初；开始
at the beginning of在······之初／开始，相当于 at the start of.
反义词组：
at the end of在······结束时／结尾
We will go to England at the beginning of/at the start of next month.下月初我们要去英国。
In the beginning I felt very lonely in London.起初，我在伦敦觉得非常孤独。
拓展
beginning 是动词begin(开始）的名词形式。begin相当于start.begin to do/doing sth.开始做某事。begin的现在分词为beginning,过去式为began,过去分词为begun.
It started/began to rain.=It started/began raining.开始下雨了。
固定搭配
begin with以······开始。
【即学即练6】
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
The ending of junior high school is the b of a new life.
答案beginning
知识点07 improve
教材原句When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives.我们在新年即始时下决心，希望改善我们的生活。（P45)
用法improve既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词，其名词为 improvement.
Keeping English diaries is a good way to improve English.写英语日记是提高英语的一种好方法。
Their living conditions are improving.他们的居住条件正在改善。用作不及物动词，后不加宾语。
We expect to see further improvement over the coming year.我们期望来年会有更进一步的改善。
【即学即练7】
－Some Chinese government officers have turned into live streamers(网络主播）。
－Yes.They are trying their best to help local farmers to product sales.
A.improve B.compare C.afford
解析：
考查动词词义辨析。根据上句句意：一些中国政府官员已经变成了网络主播，可知下句句意是：是的。他们正尽最大努力帮助当地农民提高产品销售。表示“提高”，应用improve.
知识点08 （重点）write down 写下；记录下
教材原句Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year.
用法 write down为“动词＋副词”结构的短语。
Please write down the address before you forget it.=Please write the address down before you forget it.请把地址记下来，免得你忘记了。
These are new words. Please write them down.这些是生词，请把它们写下来。
常见的“动词＋down”短语有：
①fall down 跌倒
②cut down 砍伐；削减
③lie down 躺下
④break down 出故障
⑤die down 逐渐变弱
⑥turn down调低；拒绝
⑦take down 拆除；取下
⑧put down 放下；记下
【即学即练8】
毕业典礼上，学生们在纪念册上写下了自己的名字。
Students their names in the album on graduation ceremony.
答案 wrote down
知识点09 have to do with关于；与······有关系
教材原句Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement.
用法have to do with 意为“关于；与......有关系”，表示与某事、某人有牵连、有关系、有瓜葛。
What does this have to do with me?这跟我有什么关系？
Her job has to do with computers.她的工作与计算机有关。
Sports have something to do with health.运动与健康有关。
The police report showed that the accident had nothing to do with the weather.警方报告显示该事故与天气无关。
拓展
该短语中 have 后可接much,something, nothing 等词，have much/something/nothing with 表示“与······有很大关系／有关系／无关”。
重点have nothing to do with 意为“与······无关”。
I had nothing to do with the murder.I was at home all night.我跟那起谋杀一点儿关系都没有。我整晚都在家。
Leave her alone! It has nothing to do with her.别去烦她！此事与她无关。
【即学即练9】
根据汉语意思完成句子
别那样看着我，这事儿跟我无关。
Don't look at me like that.It me.
答案has nothing to do with
知识点10 take up的用法（高频考点）
教材原句Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos,..有些人可能会说他们将培养某种爱好，比如画画、摄影·····.（P45)
句子结构分析
Some people might say （that）they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos
主句 连接词that省略的宾语从句
用法
take up 意为“养成·····的习惯；从事”。
take up a hobby表示“培养一种爱好”。
She is going to take up a hobby like shopping on the Internet.她将培养一种爱好，比如上网购物。
拓展 take up后接名词或动名词1.学着做；开始做；从事2.占据（时间、地点、空间等）3.拿起；举起（物）
When did he take up football?他是什么时候开始踢足球的？
The piano takes up too much space in the living room.这架钢琴在起居室占据了太多的地方。
He took up a piece of wood and went out.他拿起一根棍子就出去了。
含take的短语：
1 take up占用（时间、空间）；从事
2 take place发生
3 take the place of代替
4 take off脱掉；起飞
5 take part in参加
6 take away拿走；消除
7 take it easy 别着急
常见的“动词 +up”短语还有：
make up 组成
cut up 切碎
look up 查阅
give up 放弃
eat up 吃光
put up 举起；张贴
【即学即练10】
－The summer vacation is coming.Do you have any plans?
－I'm going to a hobby like playing the guitar.
A.cut up B.look up C.turn up D.take up
解析
考查动词短语辨析。句意为“暑假就要到来了。你有一些计划吗？”“我打算培养一种爱好，比如弹吉他。”。take up a hobby表示“培养一种爱好”，故选D.
知识点11 paint的用法
教材原句Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos,..有些人可能会说他们将培养某种爱好，比如画画、摄影·····.（P45)
用法
paint做动词，意为“用颜料画；在······上刷油漆”。
She is painting a picture.她正在画一幅画。
They are going to paint the house blue.他们打算把房子刷成蓝色。
拓展
paint的派生词：painter n.画家；painter n.油漆工；painting n.画画（不可数名词）；painting n.(一幅）画，水彩画（可数名词）。
The girl is interested in painting.那个女孩对画画感兴趣。
This is one of my favorite paintings.这是我最喜欢的一幅画。
知识点12 question的用法
教材原句 To question the idea of making resolutions对下决心这种想法提出质疑（P46)
用法
question 做动词，意为“表示疑问；怀疑；提问；质询”；做名词，意为“问题”。
一言辨异
I always ask questions about my illness.I don't question the doctor's decisions.我总是问一些关于我生病的问
题。我不怀疑医生的决定。
辨析question,problem
question 强调提出的问题需要回答。answer the question 回答问题
problem 强调的是难题、数学习题等，侧重于解决。problem 还用于口语中，no problem没问题。solve the problem解决问题
一言辨异
If you work out this math problem,you can answer the question.如果你算出来这道数你就可以回答这个问题。
知识点13 own的用法
教材原句The first resolution is about my own personal improvement.第一个决心与自我提升有关。（P47)
用法own做形容词，意为“自己的；本人的”。
This is my own business.这是我自己的事情。
拓展
owner指“拥有者，所有者”。
own做动词，意为“拥有”。
Who owns this car?谁拥有这辆车？
固定搭配
on one's own单独；独自（相当于by oneself或alone).
You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。
提示
owner是own的派生词，owner是名词，意为“所有者；物主”。
He is the owner of the house.他是那所房子的主人。
知识点14 personal 的用法
教材原句The first resolution is about my own personal improvement.第一个决心与自我提升有关。（P47)
用法personal 做形容词，意为“个人的；私人的。其名词person意为“人”。In person亲自。
May I ask you a personal question我可以问你一个私人问题吗？
He will be present at the meeting in person.他将亲自参加会议。
拓展
person n.个人；本人→personal adj.个人的；本人的→personal adv.亲自地（修饰动词）。
知识点15 meaning n.意义；意思
教材原句To give the meaning of resolution
Different flowers have different meanings.不同的花有不同的意义。
What's the meaning of sth.? =What do/does sth. mean?某物的意思是什么？
What's the meaning of this word?这个单词的意思是什么？
【即学即练11】
Could you please tell me the the passage?
解析
the meaning of...意为“····的意思”故答案为meaning of
知识点16 discuss /v.讨论；商量
教材原句 To discuss the different kinds of resolutions
用法discuss 作动词，相当于 talk about 。Discuss sth. with sb.意为“和某人商量某事”。
The engineers will discuss the project with the manager of the company.工程师们将会和公司经理讨论那个项目。
We had a discussion with them about the differences between Britain and the US.n.讨论我们和他们讨论了英美两国的不同之处。
【即学即练12】
If you would like to （讨论）the matter further,please call me.
答案：discuss
解析：
横线前面已经有动词不定式to,故横线处填动词原形。

能力拓展


考法01 too...to...的用法（高频考点）
教材原句Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时也许是因为决心太难而无法坚持。（P45)
用法too...to...意为“太······以至于不能······”，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。若逻辑主语是动作的执行者，则需用for引出。
The water is too dirty to drink.这水太脏了，不能喝。
English is too difficult for me to read.对我来说读英语太难了。
中考重要考点
too...to...可转化为“not+形容词／副词＋enough to do”和“so...that...not...”结构，在与“not+形容词／副词十enough to do”转化时，其中的形容词／副词是too...to...中形容词／副词的反义词。
His son is too young to go to school.＝His son is not old enough to go to school.他儿子太小了不能上学。
The problem is too difficult for me to work out.＝The problem is so difficult that I can't work it out.这道题太难了，我解不出来。
【典例1】
The man in blue is old to finish the difficult task in such a short time.
A.too B.very C.so D.such
解析
考查固定用法。句意：穿蓝衣服的那个人太老了，以至于不能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务。too...to...表示“太·····而不能······”，故选A.

分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
一、单词填空
1．We must take our s______ seriously.
2．A good b________ makes a good ending.
3．Mark plays basketball well and he wants to join the school basketball t_________________.
4．American President Trump p______ to visit China in November this year and he said he would have an official(官方的)talk with President Xi.
5．—The math q____________ is too difficult. I can’t answer it.
—Let me help you.
6．The newspaper comes out w________—every Monday.
7．I think you should have a close r________ with your classmates.
8．Excuse me, could you tell me the m________ of the slogan (标语；口号) on the wall?
9．He always keeps on doing p________ exercises in the park.
10．May I ask you a p________ question?
11．— What's your   h________？
— Writing songs.
12．I like playing basketball a lot. It’s my ________.
13．Many people wear face masks in order to protect _________ against COVID-19.
14．I have something important to ________ with you through video talk.
15．—How many ________ countries did you travel to this summer holiday?     
—None. I just travelled in China.
二、汉译英：单词/短语
1．练习做某事____
2．继续做某事____
3．取得好成绩____
4．外语____
5．一种____
6．和某人讨论某事____
7．在……的开端____
8．学着做，开始做____
9．和……有关系____
10．制定周计划____
题组B 能力提升练
一、完形填空
I'm sixteen now and I'm studying in a high school. Let me tell you my colorful plans about my ___1___.
I'm going to finish high school ___2___ two years, and then I'm going in ___3___ for four years. I'm going to study ___4___ because after college I'm going to work ___5___ a language teacher. While at college, I'm also going to take a computer course ___6___ I'm going to use the computer in my___7___. Also, I'm going to play ___8___ to keep healthy at college.
I really enjoy traveling. So before going to work, I'm going to travel. To ___9___ the money to travel, I'm going to save money for six ___10___.I'm going to start my travel ___11___ Egypt. I'm going to see the pyramids and ___12___ a camel (a kind of animal living in deserts). Of course, I'm going to ___13___ a lot of photos on my trip so that I can remember it.
I'm going to work hard on my studies and my job. I'm not going to get married ___14___ I'm a little older.
I will write a letter to ___15___ and read it 20 years later. Then I can know if my dream comes true.
1．A．future B．study C．dream D．relationship
2．A．before B．after C．in D．at
3．A．parties B．college C．work D．town
4．A．medicine B．math C．cook D．language
5．A．for B．with C．by D．as
6．A．but B．so C．and D．because
7．A．schoolwork B．work C．article D．hobby
8．A．sports B．the violin C．games D．cards
9．A．get B．spend C．take D．borrow
10．A．seconds B．at C．months D．years
11．A．on B．to C．with D．at
12．A．ride B．buy C．make D．sell
13．A．paint B．take C．see D．show
14．A．if B．because C．between D．until
15．A．yourself B．herself C．myself D．itself
二、补全对话7选5
根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话，其中有两项多余。
〔Tim just won the tennis competition. A reporter is interviewing(采访)him.〕
A: Tim, congratulations (祝贺) on winning first prize in the tennis competition.
B: Thank you.
A: OK, some questions. Ha ha ... ____1____
B: 15 years old.
A: 15? ___2___
B: When I was three.
A: Who taught you to play it?
B: My father. ___3___
A: Oh. How many days a week do you play tennis?
B: About three or four. I want to practice every day, but my parents say three or four days is enough.
A: ____4___
B: Certainly. I want to be a professional (职业的) tennis player when I grow up.
A: ____5____
B: Thanks a lot.
A．How old are you?
B．Why do you like it?
C．Which is your favorite tennis club?
D．So, when did you start playing tennis?
E．Wish you more success in the future!
F．Are you going to go on with your tennis?
G．And I take tennis lessons in a tennis club, too
三、多句选词填空
用所给单词的适当形式填空
mean；own；hobby；improve；team
1．Growing vegetables is one of my grandpa's __.
2．Sam wants to join the school football ____.
3．The children are old enough to have their _____ bedrooms.
4．I want to remember how you are going ____ yourself this year.
5．Our English teacher is trying to make us know the ____ of the new word.
四、英汉互译：单词/短语
1．be able to ________
2．________ 在……开始
3．________ 写下；记录下
4．have to do with ________
5．take up ________
6．________ 同意；赞成
题组C 培优拔尖练
（中考真题）
一、单项选择
1．My grandmother is going to ________ a hobby like shopping on the Internet.
A．take up B．look up C．get up
2．If you work hard and believe in _________, then you should have a chance to succeed.
A．myself B．ourselves C．yourself D．themselves
3．—Did you make the kite ________, kids?
—No, our uncle made it for us.
A．yourselves B．yourself C．themselves
4．My parents are too old to look after _________, so they live with me.
A．himself B．themselves C．myself D．yourselves
5．—I won’t be late next time.
—________?
A．Understand B．Guess C．Agree D．Promise
6．—Some Chinese government officers have turned into livestreamers（网络主播）.
—Yes. They’re trying their best to help local farmers to ____________   product sales.
A．compare B．improve C．afford D．provide
7．The man in blue is __________ old to finish the difficult task in such a short time.
A．too B．very C．so D．such
8．Lucy’s father works in No. 1 Hospital. He is a________.
A．teacher B．doctor C．postman D．policeman
9．一Jimmy，what do you want to be when you grow up？
一I want to be _______ engineer.
A．a B．an C．the
10．—I have a bad cold.
—Sorry to hear that.You’d better go to see a at once.
A．doctor B．cook C．writer D．farmer
11．Larry hopes ______his English, so he keeps practicing it every day.
A．to solve B．solving C．to improve D．improving
12．I want to be a scientist like Tu Youyou when I ________ in the future.
A．grow up B．wake up C．stay up
13．Now Jerry ______ the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room.
A．discussed B．is discussing
C．was discussing D．has discussed
14．He promised ________ his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.
A．see B．seeing
C．saw D．to see
15．Finish your homework first, then you’ll surf the Internet for half an hour.
A．can B．need C．be able to D．may
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．It’s not polite to ask a stranger questions about his _________ (person) life.
2．Knowing that you are doing good and needed work can add ________ to life. (mean)
3．They bought _________ (they) a new car after moving to Nanjing.
4．AI technology should be made full use of ________ (improve) data systems (数据系统).
5．Our English teacher often teaches us an English song at the ________ (begin) of her class.
三、完成句子
1．你何不在错误的旁边写下正确的拼写呢？
Why don’t you ________ ________ the correct spelling next to the mistake?
2．大多数时候，我们对别人做出承诺。
Most of the time, we make _______ _______ other people.
3．在上课一开始，老师让我们问问题。
At the   ______________ the class, the teacher told us to ask questions.
4．我同意你的野餐计划。
I ________ ________you about the plan for the picnic.
5．________________ July, the Greens are leaving for Shanghai.
七月初格林一家将启程去上海。(beginning)