初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A精品课时训练

Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？

 课时1 Section A（1a-2d）

Learning aims:

Knowledge aims:

1.Words and phrases: the earth, in Asia, the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Nile, in Africa, the Caspian Sea, Qomolangma, desert, the Sahara, square kilometers

2. Expressions:

What’s the highest mountain / the longest river / the deepest salt lake / the biggest desert in the world?

To express the big numbers using: thousand, million,billion, kilometer long / deep / high

Ability aims:

1. The students can use the questions to get information to improve their listening and speaking abilities.

2. To train the students’ cooperation with their partners.

重点词汇和短语

1. _________________ n. 平方，正方形

2. _________________ n. 米

3. _________________ adj. 深的

4. _________________ n. 沙漠 

5. _________________ n. 人口(数量）,全体居民

6. _________________ n. 亚洲 

7. _________________ n. 旅行，观光

8. _________________ n. 墙 

9. _________________ adj. 令人惊异的

10. _________________ adj. 古代的，古老的

11. _________________ v. 保护 

12. _________________ adj. 宽的，广阔的

13. ___________________________ （可以）随便（做某事)

14. ___________________________ 就我所知 

1. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高。

    higher than any other mountain比其他任何山都高，any指任何一个，后接单数名词。这种比较级形式可以替换为最高级形式，即：形容词比较级+than any other+单数名词=最高级+单数名词。原句相当于Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.。

Tom runs faster than any other student(或any of the other students)in his class. 汤姆比他班上的任何人都跑得快。

This book is more difficult than any other book here.

=This book is the most difficult book here.

这些书当中这本最难。[来源:学科网]

【知识拓展】

例：—Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world.

—That is, it is larger than ____________ country in Asia.

A. any       B. any other        C. other      D. another

2. China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.  中国是世界上人口最多的国家。它比美国人口要多得多。

★population作主语，表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数，当其前有分数或百分数修饰时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。

The population of Nigeria is more than 100 million. (强调整体性) 尼日利亚的人口数量为1亿多。

Three quarters of the population in the city is/are from other parts of the country.这个城市里四分之三的人口来自全国其他地方。

（1）问人口数量的句型是：What’s the population of...?

What’s the population of the world now? 现在世界人口是多少？

What’s the population of China?

=How large is the population of China?中国有多少人?

【注意】population和people的区别：前者通常用what来提问，后者用how many 来提问。

What’s the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口是多少？

How many people are there in Canada? 加拿大有多少人？

（2）形容人口多少用big，large或small。

The city has a big/large/small population. 这个城市人口多/少。

【知识拓展】

例：The population of the world ____________ still ____________ now.

A. will；grow　　   　 B. has；grown    C. is；growing               D. is；grown

★a lot bigger大多了,bigger是比较级,前面用a lot修饰。a lot, a little, much, a bit, still, even, far等可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级,表示程度,起强调作用。

My room is a little smaller than yours.

我的房间比你的稍小一点儿。

例：— How did you find your trip to Water Park in the summer of 2016?

— I enjoyed it. It was ________ than I expected.

A. even much interesting  B. far more interesting

C. so far interesting D. far from interesting

one of＋the+形容词最高级＋复数名词

教材原文 Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗?

“one of+the+形容词最高级＋复数名词＂意为“最.····的·····之一”.

The Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.尼罗河是世界上最长的河流之一.

Miss Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.在我们学校,王老师是最受欢迎的老师之一.

例Fishing is one of_________ activities among the middle-aged men like my uncles.

A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular

3. Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？

（1）该句含有由that引导的宾语从句，从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。

He told me that the sun rises in the east. 他告诉我太阳从东方升起。(客观事实)

例：My teacher told me that light ____________ at high speed.

A. traveled B. would travel     C. travels

（2）本句中的one of意为＂……中的一个＂或＂……之一＂，后面接复数名词，当名词前有形容词修饰且有比较范围时，形容词应用其最高级形式。

Song Jie is one of the tallest students in our class. 宋杰是我们班最高的学生之一。

【注意】one of ... 作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

One of the girls is my sister. 这些女孩中有一个是我妹妹。

例：As we know, the Yangtze River is one of ____________ rivers in the world.

 A. long　          B. longer C. Longest D. the longest

4. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. 关于今天的长城之旅，请随意向我提问。

feel free是英语口语中一个常用表达。feel free to do sth.表示＂无拘束做某事，按照自己的意愿去做某事＂。

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me. 如果有任何问题，请随意提问。

例：—Mary, can I use your dictionary?

—Yes, __________.

A. enjoy yourself         B. feel free             C.no way

5. The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要原因是保护他们那部分的国土。

 protect v. 保护；防护。常用短语：

 protect...from/against...保护……免受/遭……

 People build houses to protect themselves against bad weather.人们建造房屋来抵御坏天气。

 Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.

 了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中保证自身的安全。

 Some steps have been taken to protect the forest          .

 A. from being destroyed    B. from destroying

 C.to destroy   D.to be destroyed

6. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，再没有其他像它这样大的人造物体了。

（1）as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式，还可以说so far as I know，意思是＂据我所知＂。

As far as I know, he will be away for three months. 据我所知，他将离开三个月。

As far as I can see, you have done nothing wrong. 依我看，你没有做错任何事。

as far as还可表示＂像……那样远；远到……＂，后跟名词或从句，强调至某一指明地点的距离。在否定句中，也可用so far as。

We went as far as Lion Rock Tunnel. 我们一直走到狮子山隧道公路那儿。

She didn’t go as far as the others (did). 她走得不像其他人那样远。学科&网

例：

—We will certainly enter a good high school ____________ we work hard.

—Yes. Our dream will come true by working hard.

A. as soon as　                     B. as long as

C. as far as                        D. even if

（2）man-made人造的，为形容词性的合成词。类似的有：good-looking相貌好看的；hard-working勤劳的；well-known著名的；fast-food专门提供快餐服务的。

一、单项选择

1．The river is at its ________ level because of the heavy rain.

A．tallest B．highest C．shortest D．lowest

2．Mother was always the first one ________ in the morning.

A．get up B．to get up C．gets up D．got up

3．If you don’t make up your mind to overcome your bad habits, you won’t be able to ________ your goal.

A．achieve B．win C．gain D．require

4．—Does Tony always spend weekends with his family?

—Yes, ________he is very busy.

A．so that B．even though C．because D．if

5．—It’s one of the ________ things in the world to stay with friends.

—I agree. It always makes us relaxed.

A．happier B．happiest C．worse D．worst

二、用所给单词适当形式填空

6．Lucy hates to wear the new dress, for she believes it’s even ________ (ugly) than the one she had.

7．This is one of the most exciting __________ (film).

8．In English, I’m ________ (good) at reading than listening.

9．As ________ (farther) as I know, his sister is a guide.

10．Which river is ________ (wide), this one or that one?

三、完形填空

At 8,848. 86 meters high, Qomolangma is the tallest mountain on Earth. While it is famous __11__ its beautiful views, parts of the mountain are facing a problem; __12__ Every year, thousands of visitors __13__ tons of rubbish, such as bottles and plastic bags.

According to the UN, over 140 tons of rubbish has been __14__ on the mountain. To __15__ rubbish, China is limiting the member of people who are allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain. About 300 people will be allowed to climb __16__, and only during spring.

Local people cleaned the mountain last year, removing rubbish at a height of 5,200 meters. They collected about 8.4 metric tons of rubbish.

This year, the __17__ government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean-up activity. The local government is __18__ setting up stations to sort (分类), recycle and break down rubbish collected from the mountain. A group of __19__ will also try to turn the rubbish into art works. They will show these works of art to __20__ people not to leave rubbish when they are clinging the mountain.

11．A．as B．for C．with D．on

12．A．bottles B．tourists C．rubbish D．population

13．A．put away B．give away C．throw away D．get away

14．A．included B．led C．protected D．left

15．A．reduce B．increase C．improve D．achieve

16．A．them B．him C．it D．they

17．A．local B．personal C．natural D．ancient

18．A．still B．hardly C．also D．almost

19．A．musicians B．artists C．scientists D．kids

20．A．stop B．remind C．keep D．make

四、阅读理解

A

In the future, we could all work and live in buildings with their own ecosystems (生态系统). They are made to produce more energy than they use.

Toby is an engineer from Europe. He has now made wonderful models, showing what this new building could look like.

He said he was suggested by a kind of tree to create the towers. The Hyperion, found in Northern California, is the tallest tree in the world, reaching 115m. The buildings will be 120m high and have 1,000 homes, offices and working spaces, gyms, restaurants and swimming pools.

Because of the ecosystems, the buildings will also make fewer diseases.

The buildings will have city farms and small animal farms producing eggs and milk. "Farming can bring methane (甲烷) that produces energy, and then the energy is supplied to homes," said Toby.

Toby has had many excellent designs (设计). At the end of last year, he also showed designs for eco-friendly (环保的) ocean buildings.

The eco-friendly buildings don't need coal or oil as they produce their own energy and heat.

21．What is the name of the tallest tree in the world?

A．California. B．Toby. C．The Hyperion.

22．How high will the buildings be?

A．115m. B．120m. C．1,000m.

23．The energy of the homes in the buildings comes from ________.

A．methane B．coal C．oil

24．Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The engineer is from Asia.

B．The buildings will also make fewer diseases.

C．The engineer has had many excellent designs.

25．The passage mainly talks about ________.

A．ecosystems B．eco-friendly buildings C．eco-friendly ocean buildings

B

Qomolangma is the world's highest mountain. You may have learned from your textbooks that its height is 8,844.43 meters. But not all sides are in agreement on this. Different researchers have given different results. In addition, the height of the mountain can change over time.

That's why a Chinese survey team with over 30 members set out to reach the peak of Qomolangma to re­measure its height on May 6, 2020. They were equipped (配备) with the latest technology.

It is not an easy task. The average air temperature on the mountain is ­-29℃, and powerful winds blow all the time. In such bad conditions, surveying drones (无人机) cannot work at the peak of the mountain. That's why it's still necessary to send human experts to the peak to get exact results.

But does a difference of a few meters really matter when it comes to a high mountain?

In fact, measuring the height of Qomolangma is about more than just getting one exact number. Mount Qomolangma is at the point where the Eurasian plate (欧亚板块) meets the Indian plate. It formed 38 million years ago as the two plates hit each other. Changes in the peak's height can show whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other. This can help us understand the movement of the earth's crust (地壳).

The survey team will also get first­hand information about environmental conditions at the top of the mountain. This will help us understand how climate change has affected the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau (高原).

26．What do we know from the first paragraph?

A．Researchers measure the height of Qomolangma every year. B．There is no agreed-upon height of Qomolangma at present.

C．It's not easy to measure the height of Qomolangma. D．The height of Qomolangma increases every year.

27．How many members were there in the Chinese survey team in 2020?

A．Over sixty. B．Over eighty. C．Over forty. D．Over thirty.

28．Which of the following words could replace the underlined word "peak" in Paragraph 2?

A．Point. B．Top. C．Base. D．Edge.

29．What challenge did the Chinese survey team face?

A．A lack of water. B．Dangerous animals.

C．Bad weather conditions. D．The movement of the earth's crust.

30．What is the main idea of the last two paragraphs?

A．Why measuring the height of Qomolangma is important. 

B．What changes in the height of Qomolangma's peak can tell us.

C．How Qomolangma became the highest mountain. 

D．How plate movements affected the height of Qomolangma.

五、补全对话

从下面选项中选择恰当的句子补全下面对话。（其中有两项是多余的选项）

根据对话内容，从下面选择最佳选项完成对话。

A: Hi, Susan, do you know Egypt（埃及）?

B: Yes, of course. ____31____

A: I know it is famous for the pyramids.

B: Yes. ____32____ and greatest man-made objects in the world.

A: Wow! That’s amazing. Why did the ancient emperors build the pyramids? Do you know?

B: ____33____

A: How many pyramids are there in Egypt?

B: More than eighty. ____34____

A: How high is it?

B: The original（起初的）height of the pyramid was 146.5m. ____35____ But it is still the tallest pyramid（金字塔）.

A: Oh, it is also the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence（存在）.

B: Yes, you’re right.

A．They’re one of the oldest

B．When did they build them?

C．but today it is only 137m high.

D．Yes, they built them as tombs（坟墓）.

E．It’s one of the oldest countries in the world.

F．What did the ancient emperors do about the pyramids?

G．And the Pyramid of Khufu is the largest of all.