人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world优秀课堂检测

21 Reading and Thinking

【核心词汇】

1．based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的

(教材p.62)At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture­based language.

汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。

[佳句]　These days, I , together with my classmates, have adapted a short play based on the English text.

这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。

2．date back (to ...) 追溯到

(教材p.62)It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.

它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画简单的符号。

[佳句]　Chinese tea­drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1，000 years ago.

中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1，000多年前。

 [点津]　date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。

3．variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化

(教材p.62)Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.

在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。

[佳句]　One of the advantages is that we can find varieties of topics, such as science, culture and history.

其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化和历史。

 [点津]　a variety of (＝varieties of)既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，该短语修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

4．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究

(教材p.62)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.

秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。

[佳句]　 In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.

事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语，成为中国与世界之间的桥梁。

5．means n．方式；方法；途径

(教材p.62)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.

汉语也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。

[佳句]　And you'd better practise using chopsticks in advance，which is also a means of showing your good table manners.

你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。

 [点津]　当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有all, some，several，many，few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。

6．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待

(教材p.62)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.

中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。

[佳句]　In regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.

关于他的建议，我们将充分讨论。

7．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点

[佳句]　We are good friends and we are much alike in character.

我们是好朋友，性格很相似。

8．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值

(教材p.62)As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.

随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。

[佳句]　What we appreciated most was that you had a strong teamwork spirit, which allowed us to complete our tasks very efficiently.

我们最为欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，这让我们高效地完成了任务。

 [点津]　 appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动名词作宾语。当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。

【核心句型】

1．句型公式：It was a time when ...这/那是一个……的时期

(教材p.62)Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.

在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成了不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。

[佳句]　It was a time when he was very disappointed and wanted to leave here.

那一段时间他非常失望，想离开这里。

2．句型公式：“be of＋抽象名词”结构

(教材p.62)That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.

这个书写体系对于中国人民和中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。

[佳句]　 I hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you.Perhaps we can meet in Beijing.

我希望以上这些建议能对你有所帮助。也许我们可以在北京见面。

3．句型公式：no matter where/how/what/when ...引导让步状语从句

(教材p.62)Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.

即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不管说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。

[佳句]　No matter how difficult it is, I'm going to finish the work ahead of time.

无论有多么困难，我都打算提前完成工作。

一、单词拼写

1.We are all n　　　　　　 Chinese speakers. 

2.What is your a　　　　　　 to the new invention? 

3.Red is a s　　　　　　 of good luck in many cultures. 

4.She was good at physics d　　　　　　 the fact that she found it boring. 

5.He spoke for half an hour without r　　　　　　 to his notes. 

6.Alice always b　　　　　　 her opinions on the facts.I believe in her. 

7.This fish has a lot of 　　　　　　(骨头) in it. 

8.The necklace is made of 　　　　　　(贝壳). 

9.The 　　　　　　(文明) of mankind has taken thousands of years. 

10.Reading 　　　　　　(经典作品) is good for middle school students. 

11.He lives in the city but I don’t know his 　　　　　　(具体的) address. 

12.The president is busy with important international 　　　　　　(事务). 

13.The students come from a 　　　　　　(多样的) of backgrounds (背景). 

14.One day you will 　　　　　　(欣赏) the beauty of the language. 

15.Chinese has a lot of 　　　　　　(方言) because China is such a large country. 

二、选词填空

refer to　ups and downs　be based ondate back to　a variety of　major in　no matterbe regarded as

1.The book 　　　　　　　　　　　　a classic. 

2.The novel describes the 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of life. 

3.There are 　　　　　　　　　　　　ways to do this. 

4.The film Titanic　　　　　　　　　　　　a true story. 

5.The church 　　　　　　　　　　　　the 13th century. 

6.The soldier 　　　　　　　　　his experiences in the wars. 

7.He 　　　　　　　　　history at Peking University. 

8.　　　　　　　　　 what you are reading,it is important to enjoy what you read. 

三、单句语法填空

1.Science fiction is a type of writing 　　　　　　(base) on fantasy. 

2.This is a law 　　　　　　(date) from the 17th century. 

3.I will appreciate　　　　　　 if you help me with my English. 

4.There are many reasons 　　　　　　this has been possible,but one of the main 　　　　　　(factor) has been the Chinese writing system. 

5.Over the years,it developed into different forms because that was a time 　　　　　　the Chinese people 　　　　　　(divide) geographically,　　　　　　(lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. 

Ⅰ.阅读理解

（1）

Started in 1636,Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States.Yale,Princeton and Columbia were opened soon after Harvard.

In the early years,these schools were much alike.Only young men went to college.All the students studied the same subjects,and everyone learned Latin,Greek and Hebrew.Little was known about science then,and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world.When the students graduated,most of them became ministers (大臣) or teachers.

In 1782,Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors.Later,lawyers could receive their training in Harvard’s law school.In 1825,besides Latin and Greek,Harvard began teaching modern languages,such as French and German.Soon it began teaching American history.

As knowledge increased,Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects.Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.

Today,there are many different kinds of colleges and universities.Most of them are made up of smaller schools.There’s so much to learn that one kind of school can’t offer it all.

1.The oldest university in the US is 　　　. 

A.Yale　　　　　　　　B.Harvard

C.Princeton D.Columbia

2.From the second paragraph,we can know that in the early years,　　　. 

A.those colleges and universities were almost the same

B.people,young or old,might study in the colleges

C.students studied only some languages and science

D.when the students finished their school,they became lawyers or teachers

3.Modern languages Harvard taught in 1825 included 　　　. 

A.Latin and Greek

B.Latin,Greek,French and German

C.Hebrew and German

D.French and German

4.As knowledge increased,colleges began to teach 　　　. 

A.everything that was known

B.law and something about medicine

C.many new subjects

D.the subjects that interested students

（2）

These days,more and more Chinese people enjoy sending and receiving messages on the phone.It can help them to get the latest news and communicate with friends.But I think I should read more books besides the textbooks.The more,the better.It can open my eyes and improve my language skills.Of course,it also can help me to get good grades.Do you know how to read more and learn more?Here are some tips for you.

◆Be clear about your purpose for reading

Before you start reading,ask yourself why you are reading this book.Most people read for two main reasons,pleasure or knowledge.Being clear about your reading purpose can not only help you choose the books you really need to read,but also remind you why reading the book is important to you,so you will keep reading and complete the book faster.

◆Read only what you are interested in

No matter what you are reading,it is important to enjoy what you read.Your friends may tell you the books they love,but those books might not necessarily be the ones you enjoy.

◆Give up books that you don’t enjoy

You may have chosen books that you are interested in,and they serve your purpose.But while you are reading them,there may still be some books that you don’t enjoy reading.Whenever you realise that you aren’t enjoying the book you are reading,give it up.Remember reading shouldn’t be a chore.

◆Set a reading goal

It is interesting that I read the books borrowed from libraries faster than those I bought.The reason is the books I bought don’t have a due date!I don’t need to return those books.Having a reading goal helps you work out how much reading you need to do in a week or even a day.Before you read each book,ask yourself what time you need to complete this book by.

5.According to the passage,the writer might be a 　　　. 

A.teacher B.doctor

C.student D.scientist

6.Why do most people read books?

A.To get the latest news and communicate with friends.

B.For pleasure or knowledge.

C.To open their eyes and improve their language skills.

D.To get good grades.

7.What should you do when you find the book which you are reading is boring?

A.Keep on reading.

B.Set a reading goal.

C.Read the books your friends love.

D.Give up the book.

8.This passage mainly tells us 　　　. 

A.how to read more and learn more

B.how to choose a good book

C.how to read faster

D.why we should read more books

1.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.

翻译:________________________________________________________________________________________

仿写:这个课程十分重要，你必须把你的注意力放在上面。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2.As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.

翻译: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

仿写:随着年龄的增长，越来越多的孩子会意识到只有父母才是真心对自己的。

________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.

翻译: ________________________________________________________________________________________

仿写:无论你去何处，都要记住你是中国人。

________________________________________________________________________________________

4.By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.

翻译: ________________________________________________________________________________________

仿写:到上个周末，我已经掌握了至少2000个英语单词。

________________________________________________________________________________________

5.And why is it that writers write but... hammers don't ham?

翻译: ________________________________________________________________________________________

仿写:究竟是什么原因导致这次事故?

________________________________________________________________________________________