初中人教新目标 (Go for it) 版Section B优秀课时训练

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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark
目标导航

Words
1.孤独的adj.lonely 孤独感n. loneliness 2.开心n.happiness 不开心 n. unhappiness
3.影响n./v. influence 有很大影响的adj. influential 4.缺席n. absence 缺席的adj.absent
5.失败v. fail成功v. succeed 失败n.failure 成功n.success
6.明确的，确切的adj.exact 明确的adv. exactly
7.考试，检查，考察n.examination 测验，检查，考察v.examine
8.交流v. communicate 交流n.communication 9.骄傲n.pride骄傲的adj. proud
10.保持, 遗留v.remain 余下的adj.remaining
11.将军(n)一般的adj.general 总的，普遍地adv. generally
Phrases
1. 我过去不喜欢考试。I didn’t use to like tests
2.我过去在足球队。I used to be on the soccer team.
3.我们可以穿任何喜欢的衣服去学校 We can wear whatever we like to school
4.把A介绍给B introduce A to B 5. 回家 return home
6.大体说来 generally speaking
7.做一个大概的自我介绍 make a general self-introduction
8. 保持沉默keep silent 9.被要求做某事 be required to do sth
10.对…有巨大的影响have a great influence on sb 11.导致某人做某事cause sb to do
Sentences
1.When he was a little boy,he seldom caused any problems,and his family spent a lot of time together.当他还是个小男孩的时候，他很少引起任何问题，他的家人经常在一起。
2.Li Wen's unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork.李文的不幸开始影响他的学业。
3.Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.有时他缺课，考试不及格。
4.She advised them to talk with their son in person.她建议他们亲自和儿子谈谈。
5.They take pride in everything good that I do.他们对我所做的一切都感到自豪。
知识精讲

知识点01 seldom的用法
【课文详解】1.When he was a little boy,he seldom caused any problems,and his family spent a lot of time together.当他还是个小男孩的时候，他很少引起任何问题，他的家人经常在一起。
【句型剖析】seldom的用法
seldom为副词，意为“不常，很少”，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前，表示动作发生的频率。
I am seldom late for work.我上班很少迟到。
【考点拓展】可用very修饰seldom，意为“极少”，通常放在句末。
（1）My sister is ill very seldom.
（2）seldom具有否定意义，故含有seldom的句子相当于否定句；在反意疑问句中，附加问句部分要用肯定形式。
They seldom come late, do they?
（3）由于seldom含有否定的意义，故将其放在句首时，应使用部分倒装，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语的前面。将seldom放在句首，主要是为了加强句子的语气。
She seldom reads newspapers. → Seldom does she read newspapers.
【即学即练】He seldom drives his car in the downtown because there’s too much traffic.
A．always B．almost never C．sometimes D．often
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他很少开车到市中心，因为交通太拥挤了。
考查副词辨析。seldom很少；always总是；almost never几乎不；sometimes有时；often经常。原句seldom表示频率很低，故选B。
知识点02 influence的用法
【课文详解】Li Wen's unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork.李文的不幸开始影响他的学业。
【句型剖析】influence的用法
influence为及物动词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为：
influence sth./sb. 影响某事/某人
be influenced by... 受……的影响
His teacher's words influenced him for all his life.
Don't let me influence your decision.
【句型拓展】influence为名词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为：
have an influence on sb./sth. 对某人/某事有影响
under the influence of... 在……的影响之下(特指外界的影响，常指在药物、酒精或不良因素的影响下）
Family education has an important influence on children.
He's very much under the influence of the older boys.
【即学即练】Playing computer games had a bad influence Jim’s study.
A．in B．on C．for D．with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：玩电脑游戏对吉姆的学习有不良影响。考查介词。A. in 在…里；B. on 在…上；C. for为了，给，对于；D. with和。短语have an influence on：对….有影响，影响…；结合句意和选项可知选B。
知识点03 be absent from和fail的用法
【课文详解】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.有时他缺课，考试不及格。
【句型剖析】be absent from的用法
be absent from...意为“缺席……”，其中absent为形容词，意为“缺席的；不在的”。
A good student would not be absent from classes.
【句型拓展】 absent adj.缺席的；不在的 absence n.缺席；不在
反义词present adj.出席的；到场的 presence n.出席，在场
【句型剖析】fail的用法
fail为动词，意为“不及格；失败；未能（做到）”，既可做及物动词又可做不及物动词。
He failed the examination in mathematics.
fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事”，而不是“做某事失败”。
They failed to find the right way.
【句型拓展】fail in sth.表示“在某方面失败”，其反义短语为succeed in sth.，表示“在某方面成功”。
They failed in business.
【词性转换】fail v.失败；不及格 —→ failure n.失败
反义词：succeed v.成功 pass v.(考试）及格；通过
【即学即练】 The reason why he was absent ____________the meeting was that his car broke down on the way.
A．at B．from C．about
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他缺席这次会议的原因是他的汽车在路上抛锚了。
本题考查介词固定搭配。at朝，向；from从……起；来自；about关于；be absent from为固定搭配，意为“缺席，不在”，故答案为B。
—If I fail the final exam, my parents will be angry with me.
—Just take it easy. Tomorrow is another day. I believe you will succeed.
A．don’t pass B．don’t attend C．don’t know
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——如果我期末考试不及格，我父母会生我的气。——别紧张。明天又是新的一天。我相信你会成功的。
考查动词辨析。fail是动词，意为“失败，（考试）不及格”；don’t pass不通过；don’t attend不参加；don’t know不知道。根据“ I fail the final exam”可知，这里表示没有通过考试。故选A。
知识点04 advise和in person的用法
【课文详解】She advised them to talk with their son in person.她建议他们亲自和儿子谈谈。
【句型剖析】advise的用法
advise为及物动词，意为“建议；劝告；忠告”，常用结构为：
1. advise sb. on/about sth. 就……建议某人
Could you advise me on my writing?
2. advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事
I advised my grandparents to see the doctor.
3. advise sb. against doing sth. 建议某人不要做某事
I advised her against drinking.
4. advise doing sth. 建议做某事
We advise taking a taxi to get there.
5. advise+that从句 建议……（从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）
I advise that he (should) go at once.
【句型剖析】in person的用法
in person为固定短语，意为“亲身；亲自”，中间不加任何冠词，在句中做状语。
You'd better go there in person.
【即学即练】Because of COVID-19, our teachers advise us ________ to the public places less.
A．to go B．going C．not to go D．not going
【答案】A
【详解】句意：由于新冠肺炎疫情，我们的老师建议我们少去公共场所。
考查非谓语动词。advise sb (not) to do sth建议某人（不）做某事，根据“to the public places less”可知，是建议少去公共场所，故选A。
After failing the exam, my headteacher talked with me _________ person to cheer me up.
A．in B．with C．of D．for
【答案】A
【详解】句意：考试不及格后，我的班主任亲自和我谈话，让我振作起来。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；with带有，具有；of……的；for为了。根据“to cheer me up”可知，此处是“亲自和我谈话”，短语in person“亲自”。故选A。
知识点05 take pride in的用法
【课文详解】They take pride in everything good that I do.他们对我所做的一切都感到自豪。
【句型剖析】take pride in的用法
take pride in意为“为……感到自豪”，其中pride为名词，in为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。
We take great pride in offering the best service.
【句型拓展】be proud of意为 “为……骄做；对……感到自豪”，相当于take pride in。其中 proud为形
容词，意为“自豪的；骄傲的”。
No matter what problems we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents are proud of us.
The father was proud of his son.
【即学即练】You’ve done a good job. I am proud of you.
A．am pride in B．take pride in C．am good at D．take proud in
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你做得很好。我为你感到骄傲。
考查同义短语替换。am pride in是错误表达；take pride in以……为傲；am good at擅长……；take proud in是错误表达。根据am proud of“以……为傲”可知，与之同义的是B项；故选B。
能力拓展

考法01 sure用法
sure adj. 确定的；肯定的  常见用法有：
① be sure about/of sth.
e.g. I’m not quite sure about that. 那件事我还不能十分肯定。
② be sure +从句
e.g. Are you sure that this is the right bus? 你肯定就是这辆公共汽车吗？
I’m not sure whether he’s telling the truth. 我不肯定他是否在说实话。
③ make sure 确保（某事发生）
e.g. Make sure you get here before midnight. 你要确保在午夜之前到达这里。
【典例】We must   ________ make sure everything is ready.   Or we may miss it.
A．slowly B．exactly C．quietly D．directly
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们必须确切地确保一切都准备好了，否则我们可能会错过它。
本题考查副词辨析。 slowly慢慢地； exactly确切地；quietly悄悄地；directly直接地；根据make sure everything is ready.   Or we may miss it可知，是确切地；故选B
考法02 change的用法
change ① v. 改变，可当vt 和vi
e.g. You’ve changed a lot since I last saw you. 自从我上次看到你，你变了很多。
Can you change English into Chinese? 你能把英文翻译成中文吗？
 ② n. 改变 (a) change in/ to sth 在某方面有改变
e.g. Doctors say there’s no change in the patient’s condition. 医生说这个病人的情况没有变化。
注意：change 是改变的意思，而exchange是交换的意思。
e.g.  an exchange student 交换生  She exchanged her earrings for cash. 她把耳环换成了现金。
【典例】Our city ____ a lot in the past ten years. We can see wide streets and tall buildings everywhere.
A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．will change
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们城市在过去的十年里发生了很大的变化。到处都可以看到宽阔的街道和高楼大厦。
考查时态。根据“in the past ten years”可知，常和现在完成时态连用，其结构是：have/has+动词的过去分词。故选C。
考法03 dark的用法
dark: ① n. 黑暗（自然界的黑，如黄昏；夜晚）常用the dark, e.g. All the lights went out and we were left in the dark. 所有灯都熄灭了，我们陷入了黑暗中。
但是before/after/until dark中，是零冠词。We are not allowed to go out after dark. 天黑后我们不准外出。
② adj. (darker, darkest) 黑的；暗的 It is too dark to see anything. 太黑了，什么都看不见。
 ③ darkness: n. 黑暗（社会；人性的黑，包含无知，阴郁等意味）the power of darkness 黑暗的力量
【典例】After the earthquake, he climbed ________ the dark, screaming ________ fear.
A．across; with B．through; in C．under; in D．under; with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：地震后，他穿过黑暗，恐惧地尖叫。
考查介词辨析。across穿过（平面上）；through穿过（一个空间）；under在……下面；with带有；in在……里面。根据“the dark”可知，“黑暗”是一个空间，应该使用“through”；固定短语“in fear”意为“惊恐地”。故选B。
分层提分

题组A 基础过关练
1．（2021·江苏南京·中考真题）Yuan Longping was a world-famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice ________ has been increased greatly.
A．population B．contribution C．production D．introduction
【答案】C
【详解】句意：袁隆平是世界著名的科学家，由于他的成就，水稻产量大大增加。
考查名词辨析。population 人口；contribution贡献；production产量；introduction介绍。根据常识可知，由于袁隆平的成就，水稻产量大大增加。故选C。
2．（2021·山西·中考真题）— China has made a complete victory in its fight against poverty (贫困).
— As Chinese, we ________ our country.
A．are proud of B．are friendly to C．are interested in
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——中国的反贫困斗争取得了彻底胜利。——作为中国人，我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。
考查形容词短语。are proud of以……为傲；are friendly to对……友好；are interested in对……感兴趣。根据“China has made a complete victory in its fight against poverty”可知，为祖国在反贫困斗争中取得的胜利而感到骄傲，故选A。
3．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）I learned to skate quickly. At first, I fell down a few times, but now I ________ fall down.
A．always B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我很快学会了滑冰。起初，我摔倒了几次，但现在我很少摔倒了。
考查频度副词辨析。always总是；often经常；sometimes有时；seldom几乎不、少。根据“At first, I fell down a few times,”和转折词but，可知应是说现在我很少摔倒了，故选D。
4．（2021·广西贵港·中考真题）—What time is it now?
—I can’t tell you the time ________, but I know it’s too late.
A．exactly B．suddenly C．politely D．wisely
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——现在几点了？——我不能告诉你确切的时间，但我知道已经太晚了。
考查副词辨析。exactly准确地；suddenly突然地；politely有礼貌地；wisely明智地。根据后面“but I know it's too late”可知，此处是表达“不能告诉你确切的时间”。故选A。
5．（2018·上海·中考真题）Frank is an independent boy. His parents are proud ____ him.
A．on B．to C．in D．of
【答案】D
【详解】句意：弗兰克是个独立的男孩。他的父母为他感到骄傲。be proud of为……感到自豪/骄傲。结合句意可知，答案为D。
6．He ___________ the office. He is having a meeting.
A．is absent in B．absent in C．absent from D．is absent from
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他不在办公室。他正在开会。
考查形容词短语。absent in是从…未检出，没有，消失，主要是针对物来说的。be absent from缺席，不在，主要是针对人来说的。根据the office可知，他不在办公室里。故选D。
7．（2021·河北·中考真题）Please be polite and ________ offer your seat to people who need it.
A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always
【答案】D
【详解】句意：请有礼貌，总是给有需要的人让座。
考查副词辨析。never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。分析“Please be polite and…offer your seat to people who need it.”可知，要总是给有需要的人让座，故选D。
8．（2021·重庆大渡口·一模）Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can reduce ________ and save lives.
A．challenges B．illnesses C．influences D．difficulties
【答案】B
【详解】句意：用肥皂和水洗手20秒可以减少疾病和挽救生命。
考查名词词义辨析。challenges挑战；illnesses疾病；influences影响；difficulties困难。根据句中“and save lives”可推测出，空前应是“减少疾病”。故选B。
9．—Are the whole family________of the girl?
—Certainly. She is the family's________．
A．proud; proud B．proud; pride
C．pride; pride D．pride; proud
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——全家人都为这个女孩骄傲吗？——当然。她是家庭的骄傲。考查形容词和名词辨析题。proud骄傲的/自豪的，形容词；pride骄傲/自豪，名词。be proud of为…而感到骄傲，问句缺表语形容词，可排除CD选项。答句中family's是名词所有格，需接名词，可排除A。根据句意结构，可知选B。
10．The old man lives in the small village _________. But he doesn’t feel _________.
A．alone; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; alone D．lonely; lonely
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这位老人独自住在那个小村庄里。但他并不感到孤独。alone单独的（地），可以是形容词也可以是副词；而lonely带有感情色彩，为形容词，常与feel 连用，feel lonely是指感到孤单。第一个空格只能填写副词，修饰动词live，故答案为B。
点睛：alone与lonely的区别：alone可以作形容词，也可以作副词，而lonely只可以作形容词，修饰人时意思是“孤独的”；修饰地方时，意思是“偏远的，荒凉的”。alone作形容词时只可以作表语，不可以作定语，而lonely可以作表语，也可以作定语。
① When she is left alone, she often feels lonely. 留下她一个人的时候，她经常感到孤独。
② The old peasant lived in a lonely village far away. 那个老农民住在很偏远的一个村子里。
题组B 能力提升练
补全对话
（2021·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）(Xiao Yu is being interviewed in the street.)
Reporter: Excuse me, I’m a reporter from FM106 Chaoyang Traffic Radio. We are recording a program called “Chaoyang in My Eyes”. ____11____
Xiao Yu: Of course.
Reporter: ____12____
Xiao Yu: Well, I think it has changed a lot over these years. For example, a lot of tall buildings were built. And the streets are much wider and cleaner than what they used to be like. ____13____
Reporter: That’s true. Our city is becoming more and more modern and beautiful. As you know, the 1st Chaoyang Hongshan Culture Exhibition is coming. ____14____
Xiao Yu: Well, I plan to help clean up the city parks to make the environment better. And I also hope to get a chance to be a volunteer at the exhibition.
Reporter: Wonderful! ____15____
Xiao Yu: Good idea!
A．What are you going to do to welcome it?
B．Thanks for your time.
C．May I ask you some questions?
D．So what do you think of our city?
E．It is very important.
F．And they are so beautiful at night with many colorful lights in the trees.
G．Let’s take action to make our city better and better.
【答案】11．C 12．D 13．F 14．A 15．G
【分析】本段是记者在对小宇进行采访，谈论城市的变化以及能够为即将到来的朝阳红山文化展览做些什么。
11．根据“I’m a reporter from FM106 Chaoyang Traffic Radio. We are recording a program called ‘Chaoyang in My Eyes’.”和“Of course.”可知，此处记者询问是否可以采访问问题，选项C“我可以问你几个问题吗？”符合语境，故选C。
12．根据“Well, I think it has changed a lot over these years.”可知，小宇认为城市这几年变化很大，选项D“你觉得我们的城市怎么样？”符合语境，故选D。
13．根据“For example, a lot of tall buildings were built. And the streets are much wider and cleaner than what they used to be like.”可知，城市建造了许多高楼大厦，街道比以前更宽更干净，此处介绍城市的变化，选项F“它们是如此美丽的夜晚，许多彩色的灯在树上。”符合语境，故选F。
14．根据“Well, I plan to help clean up the city parks to make the environment better. And I also hope to get a chance to be a volunteer at the exhibition.”可知，小宇计划帮助清理城市公园，使环境更好，也希望能有机会成为展览的志愿者。选项A“你要怎么迎接它呢？”符合语境，故选A。
15．根据“Good idea!”可知，小宇认为这是个好主意，所以记者提出了建议，选项G“让我们采取行动让我们的城市越来越好。”符合语境，故选G。
阅读判断
（2021·四川泸州·中考真题）In a small village, there was a middle-aged postman, who just turned 20 years old and started delivering (投递) all kinds of happy or sad stories to each home day after day for 50 kilometers. 20 years flew by, and so many changes took place, but the road from the post office to the village always hadn’t had any trees and nothing but the flying dust (尘土) could be seen.
“How long shall I go along this lonely road?”
As soon as he thought he must spend his life riding the bike on the dusty road with no flowers or trees, he felt somewhat sorry.
One day, when he finished delivering the letters and was ready to return, he happened to pass by a flower shop.“Right, that’s it!” He walked into the shop, bought a handful of wild flower seeds (种子), and from the next day on put these seeds along the roadside. Thus, after one day, two days, one month, two months... he always kept putting the wild flower seeds along the roadside.
Before long, on the lonely road, where he had come and gone for 20 years, grew up a lot of little flowers, in all seasons endlessly.
For the villagers, the flowers were more enjoyable than any mail the postman delivered in all his life.
On the road without dust but full of petals (花瓣), the postman rode his bike, losing himself in the sweet smell and not feeling lonely and anxious any more.
16．How old was the postman when he started his job?
A．About thirty years old. B．About twenty years old.
C．Over forty years old. D．Over fifty years old.
17．What was the road like before?
A．Covered with flowers. B．Covered with trees.
C．Full of flying dust. D．Full of seeds.
18．What did the postman buy at the flower shop?
A．Wild flowers. B．Bikes. C．Wild flower seeds. D．Petals.
19．According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A．The villagers showed no interest in the flowers.
B．The postman enjoyed the road full of flowers.
C．The villagers helped buy the flower seeds.
D．The postman still felt lonely in the end.
20．What does the writer want to express in this passage?
A．Little things make a big difference.
B．Failure is the mother of success.
C．Practice makes perfect.
D．Old habits die hard.
【答案】16．B 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．A
【分析】文章讲述了一个邮递员每天要经过没有花和树却尘土飞扬的小路给村民们送信，他感到悲伤，后来他去花店，买了花种子，撒在路边，后来路边开满了野花，邮递员在开满鲜花的路上愉快地骑着自行车，他不再感到孤独焦虑。而对于村民来说，鲜花比邮递员一生中寄出的任何一封邮件都更令人愉快。
16．细节理解题。根据“In a small village, there was a middle-aged postman, who just turned 20 years old and started delivering (投递) all kinds of happy or sad stories to each home day after day for 50 kilometers.”可知，邮递员刚开始工作的时候是差不多20岁，故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据“ but the road from the post office to the village always hadn’t had any trees and nothing but the flying dust (尘土) could be seen”可知，路上没有树，尘土飞扬，故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“He walked into the shop, bought a handful of wild flower seeds (种子)”可知，邮递员在花店买了野花种子，故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据“On the road without dust but full of petals (花瓣), the postman rode his bike, losing himself in the sweet smell and not feeling lonely and anxious any more.”可知，在没有灰尘但满是花瓣的路上，邮递员骑着自行车，沉浸在甜蜜的气味中，不再感到孤独和焦虑。故选B。
20．主旨大意题。根据“For the villagers, the flowers were more enjoyable than any mail the postman delivered in all his life.”以及整个文章的理解可知，邮递员随手撒下野花种子这个小小的举动，给村民们带来了无比的愉悦，即小小的事情会带来很大的影响，故选A。
完型填空
（2021·辽宁营口·中考真题）Some people still live in her hometown. But ____21____ may only return once or twice a year. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside ____22____ for work in the cities. ____23____ these is Li Daming, a 38-year-old husband and father. He ____24____ Shanghai for the past 13 years. Working in a busy factory, he doesn’t find ____25____ time to visit his hometown. “I ____26____ return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost three years now. It’s ____27____ shame, but I just don’t have the time,” he says.
Many people like Li Daming show great interest in the changes of their hometowns. Lots of large hospitals and new roads have appeared. In many places, a lot of excellent teachers from the cities ____28____ to help as well.
“I ____29____ that’s true of my hometown,” adds Li Daming. “Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the ____30____ century. But now the buildings are really old. I hear they are going to build a new school there.” Li Daming thinks ____31____ are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same.
____32____ Li Daming, great changes have taken place in his hometown. ____33____ , some things will never change. “In my hometown, a big old tree ____34____ still opposite the school and has become quite a symbol of the place. When I was young, most of the children in my hometown liked to play together under that big tree ____35____ during the summer holiday. That was our happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our minds.”
21．A．other B．the other C．another D．others
22．A．to search B．search C．searching D．searched
23．A．Between B．Middle C．Among D．During
24．A．have gone to B．has been in C．have been to D．has been to
25．A．many B．the more C．much D．the most
26．A．be used to doing B．be used to C．be used for D．used to
27．A．/ B．the C．an D．a
28．A．have been sent B．were sent C．are sending D．will send
29．A．founded B．looked C．noticed D．hoped
30．A．mid-twenty B．mid-twentieth C．mid-twelve D．mid-twelfth
31．A．developments B．competitions C．inventions D．progresses
32．A．According to B．For example C．In order to D．Ever since
33．A．Even B．Or C．And D．However
34．A．was B．is C．were D．will be
35．A．specially B．especially C．particularly D．properly
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．A
33．D 34．B 35．B
【分析】文章介绍了李大明的家乡发生的变化对比，突出远离家乡的人们对自己家乡的想念以及中国发展的速度之快。
21．句意：但其他人可能一年只回来一两次。
other其他的，后接复数名词；the other两者中的另一个；another不确定数目的另一个；others其余的，指剩余的部分；此处是some...others...的结构，表示“一些……另一些……”，故选D。
22．句意：数以百万计的中国人离开农村到城市找工作。
to search寻找，不定式形式；search寻找，动词原形；searching寻找，现在分词；searched寻找，过去式；此处表达的是“为了寻找工作离开家乡”，应用不定式形式，故选A。
23．句意：其中包括38岁的丈夫和父亲李大明。
Between两者之间；Middle中间；Among在三者或三者以上中；During在……期间；结合语境，此处指的是数以百万计的离开农村去城市找工作的人中包括李大明，应用among“在……中”，故选C。
24．句意：他在上海已经13年了。
have gone to去了；has been in去了某地待了多久；have been to去过；has been to去过；根据“Shanghai for the past 13 years”可知，此处表达的是“在上海待了13年了”，应用have been in的结构，故选B。
25．句意：他没有多少时间回到家乡。
many许多，修饰复数名词；the more更多的，比较级；much很多，修饰不可数名词；the most最多的；分析句子结构，此处不需要用比较级或最高级，空处修饰的是不可数名词“time”，应用much修饰，故选C。
26．句意：我过去每年至少回家一次。
be used to doing习惯于做；be used to被用来做；be used for被用于；used to过去常常；根据“but I haven’t been back for almost three years now.”可知，这里说的是过去的情况，应用used to“过去常常”，故选D。
27．句意：真遗憾。
/零冠词；the定冠词，表示特指；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；此处表达的是“一种遗憾”，抽象名词具体化要用不定冠词修饰，shame是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故选D。
28．句意：在许多地方，许多优秀的城市教师也被派去帮助。
have been sent被派，现在完成时的被动；were sent被派，一般过去时的被动；are sending正在派，现在进行时结构；will send将派，一般将来时结构；句子主语teachers与send之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除C/D选项；结合“...have appeared”可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动，故选A。
29．句意：我发现我的家乡也是如此。
founded成立；looked看起来；noticed注意到；hoped希望；根据“Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since...I hear they are going to build a new school there.”可知，李大明的家乡已经在发生变化了，这是他注意到的情况，应用notice，故选C。
30．句意：从20世纪中期开始，孩子们就在我原来就读的小学里学习阅读和数数。
twenty二十；twentieth第二十；twelve十二；twelfth第十二；mid中间的；结合“century”可知，此处应用序数词表示，结合常识可知，这里应指的是20世纪中期，故选B。
31．句意：李大明认为发展很好。
developments发展；competitions比赛；inventions发明；progresses进步；根据“Many people like Li Daming show great interest in the changes of their hometowns.”以及“Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since...I hear they are going to build a new school there.”可知，这里指的是发展，故选A。
32．句意：据李大明说，他的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
According to根据；For example例如；In order to为了；Ever since从那时起；根据“I...that’s true of my hometown...”可知，家乡的变化是李大明描述的，此处表达的是据李大明说，应用according to，故选A。
33．句意：然而，有些事情永远不会改变。
Even甚至；Or或者；And和；However然而；根据“great changes have taken place in his hometown...some things will never change”可知，两句之间是转折关系，应用however，故选D。
34．句意：在我的家乡，学校对面仍然有一棵高大的古树，它已经成为这个地方的象征。
was是，be动词过去式；is是，be动词三单形式；were是，be动词过去式；will be将是，一般将来时结构；根据“still”以及“has become”可知，此处描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语是单数名词，be动词用is，故选B。
35．句意：我小的时候，家乡的大多数孩子都喜欢在那棵大树下玩耍，尤其是在暑假。
specially专门地，侧重特意、专门地；especially尤其，用于进一步强调，表示更为突出的；particularly特别，强调与同类事物不同的个别事物；properly适当地；此处是强调尤其是在暑假，更喜欢在大树底下玩，应用especially，故选B。
题组C 培优拔尖练
（2021·浙江嘉兴·中考真题）In the past, my old grandmother didn’t enjoy talking on the phone. Actually, she hated it so she was always refusing ____36____ (use) it. She told us that she preferred speaking to people in person. It always ____37____ (make) her sad that she couldn’t see the person she was talking to. The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, ____38____ mentioned video calling over the Internet. It ____39____ (invent) for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with ____40____ idea. We bought her a laptop (笔记本电脑). One of my ____41____ (cousin) went over to her house and taught her how to use it. ____42____ (lucky), she was a quick learner.
Now, she enjoys ____43____ (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression ____44____ her face. She says it’s also very convenient. She can put it anywhere in the house ____45____ it is small and doesn’t take up much room. Sometimes she even talks to us while she’s in the kitchen cooking!
【答案】36．to use37．made38．and39．is invented##was invented40．an41．cousins42．Luckily
43．herself44．on45．because##as
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者的奶奶学习使用笔记本电脑，这样奶奶就可以经常看到家人、跟家人聊天。
36．句意：事实上，她讨厌它，所以她总是拒绝使用它。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事，故填to use。
37．句意：这总是让她难过，她不能看到她正在说话的人。根据“couldn’t”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填made。
38．句意：有一天，我们和奶奶聊天，提到了网上视频电话。前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
39．句意：发明它是为了让人们在网上聊天时看到彼此。主语It是动作invent的承受者，用被动语态，此处用一般现在时或一般过去时均可，故填is/was invented。
40．句意：然后我们想到了一个主意。此处泛指“一个主意”，idea首字母发元音音素，故填an。
41．句意：我的一个表姐去她家教她怎么用。one of+名词复数，故填cousins。
42．句意：幸运的是，她学得很快。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Luckily。
43．句意：现在，她每天和我们聊天时都很开心。enjoy oneself玩得开心，用其反身代词形式，故填herself。
44．句意：她很高兴，从她脸上的表情就能看出来。on one’s face在某人的脸上，故填on。
45．句意：她可以把它放在房子的任何地方，因为它很小，不占太多的空间。“it is small and doesn’t take up much room”是“She can put it anywhere in the house”的原因，可用because/as引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。
（2021·湖南怀化·中考真题）Li Wen lives with his grandparents in the countryside. He is ____46____ 14-year-old boy. He ____47____ (work) hard and does well in school. It is hard to believe that he used to have many ____48____ (problem) in school. When he was a little boy, he hardly caused any trouble. But after his parents went to work in the city, they could not look after him ____49____ (careful). So Li Wen disliked study ____50____ missed classes. Then his parents decided ____51____ (send) him to a new school. However, he was a shy boy and couldn’t make friends quickly. One day, he wanted to leave the school. His parents were very worried ____52____ him and came back to talk with him. After a long talk, Li Wen realized that his parents loved ____53____ (he) deeply. He ____54____ (move) by his parents. Now, he is much ____55____ (happy) than before. It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.
【答案】46．a47．works48．problems49．carefully50．and51．to send52．about53．him54．was moved
55．happier
【分析】本文向我们介绍一个14岁的男孩李文过去不喜欢学习，经常缺课，但是在跟父母谈过之后，他意识到父母的爱，现在学习努力，成绩很好。
46．句意：他是一个14岁的男孩。此处泛指一个男孩，用不定冠词修饰，“14”英语表达是fourteen，以辅音音素开头，故填a。
47．句意：他学习努力，成绩很好。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是He，动词用三单，故填works。
48．句意：很难相信他过去在学校有很多问题。many修饰可数名词复数，故填problems。
49．句意：但他的父母去城市工作后，他们不能细心照顾他。此处在句中修饰动词，使用副词形式，故填carefully。
50．句意：所以李文不喜欢学习，缺课。“disliked study”和“missed classes”构成并列结构，用and连接，故填and。
51．句意：后来他的父母决定送他去一所新学校。decide to do sth决定做某事，动词不定式作宾语，故填to send。
52．句意：他的父母很担心他，回来和他谈话。be worried about为……感到担心，故填about。
53．句意：经过长时间的交谈，李文意识到他的父母深深地爱着他。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格，故填him。
54．句意：他被他的父母感动了。主语He是动作move的承受者，根据前句“realized”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was moved。
55．句意：现在，他比以前快乐多了。根据“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级作表语，故填happier。