初中外研版 (新标准)Unit 3 Language in use .优秀练习题

Module 9 Population

Unit 3 Language in use

基数词的构成

表示数目的词称为基数词。其形式如下：

A．从1——10

one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten．

B．从 11——19

eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen．这里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen为特殊形式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。

C．从 21——99

整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six

D．百位数

个数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and． 101 a hundred and one

320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight

E．千位数以上

从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thousand，第二个“，”前面的数字后添加 million，第三个“，”前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。

2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight

1. We are working to make them even better. 我们正努力工作使他们更好。

【知识点】even

副词，还，更加，用于修饰比较级，表示强调。

☞I do it even better than before.

我做得比以前更好了。

【拓展】

修饰比较级的词组还有much, a little/bit, far, a lot等。

☞It’s much hotter today.

今天热多了。

2. With more and more people in the world, more and more water is used. 随着世界上的人越来越多，越来越多的水被使用。

【知识点】more and more

比较级+and+比较级表示越来越......，若比较级是在前加more构成的，则表示越来越......，应用more and more +原级

☞It gets warmer and warmer in spring.

春天，天气变得越来越暖和。

【拓展】the+比较级，the +比较级

表示越......，就越......

☞The more, the better.

越多越好。

3. As a result, getting good, clean water is becoming a problem in many places. 因此，在许多地方，获取优质且干净的水成为一个问题。

【知识点1】as a result

 结果，因此，在句中作状语，并与后边的内容用逗号隔开。

☞He got up late. As a result, he missed the bus.

他起床晚了。结果，他错过了公共汽车。

 【知识点2】 getting good，clean water

动名词作主语。单个的动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

☞Eating too much is bad for your health.

题组A  基础过关练

一、单项选择

1. We always have _______ rice for _______ lunch.

A. a; a      B. /; /    C. the; the   D. an; an

2. ---How do you go to _______ work?

  ---I usually take _______ bus.

A. the; a       B. an ; /       C. /; a         D. the;/

3. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.

A. /       B. an       C. a       D. the

4.---look! What is that moving high up in_______ sky?

 ---It must be _______ plane.

A. a; the       B. the; /       C. the; a       D. /; a

5._______ Changjiang River is one of _______ longest rivers in the world.

A.The; the       B. the; /      C. /; the       D. /; /

6.Wei Jie is _______ only boy in our class who has been to American.

A. /       B. an       C. a       D. the

7.Beijing is _______ beautiful city. It is _______ capital of China.

A. a; a     B. the; the      C. /; the       D. a; the

8.September _______ is Teacher’s Day.

A. the ten     B. the tenth    C. the ten’s     D. ten

9.Who jumps _______ highest of _______ three?

A. a; the     B. the; /       C. /; the       D. the; a

10.China is _______ country with _______ long history.

A. a; a      B. the; the       C. a; an       D. an; a

【参考答案】

一、1. B

2.C

3. D

4.C

5. C

6. D

7. D

8. B

9. C

10. A

题组B  能力提升练

二、阅读理解

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means（通讯设备）．Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago，but it has brought new problems．One of the biggest problems is pollution．Pollution comes in many ways．We see it，smell it，drink it and even eat it．

Man has been polluting the earth．The more people，the more pollution．Many years ago，the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people．When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place，man moved to another place．But this is no longer true．Man is now slowly polluting the whole world．

Air pollution is still the most serious．It's bad for all living things in the world，but it is not the only one kind of pollution．Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water．Noise pollution makes us angry more easily．

Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution．They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city，and from putting dirty smoke into the air．

Pollution by SO2is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution．It is caused by heavy traffic．We are sure that if there are fewer people driving，there will be less air pollution．

The earth is our home．We must take care of it．And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time．

根据短文内容判断正误（T/F）．

11．Our world is becoming much smaller because of the rise in population．F

12．Pollution is more serious today than many years ago．T

13．Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because it's bad for all living things in the world．T

14．Pollution by CO2is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution．F

15．The underlined sentence means we should protect the earth from being polluted．T．

【参考答案】

11.F

12.T

13.T

14.F

15.T

【答案解析】

文章大意：
因为现代交通和通讯设备的使用，使得世界变的越来越小，但污染问题越来越严重．
许多年前污染并不严重，因为并没有很多人．空气污染是最严重的，因为它对世界上所有的生物都造成不良的影响，其中二氧化硫污染是最严重的空气污染．

11. F，推理判断题，文中提到"The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means"因为现代交通和通讯设备的使用，使得世界变的越来越小，所以并不是因为人口使得世界越来越小，所以此题错误．
    12. T，推理判断题，文中提到"Many years ago，the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people"许多年前污染并不严重，因为并没有很多人，由此可知此题正确．
    13. T，推理判断题，文中提到"Air pollution is still the most serious．It's bad for all living things in the world"空气污染是最严重的，因为它对世界上所有的生物都造成不良的影响，由此可知此题正确．
    14. F，推理判断题，文中提到"Pollution by SO2is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution"二氧化硫污染是最严重的空气污染，不是二氧化碳，所以此题错误．
    15. T，推理判断题，文中提到"We must take care of it"意思为我们必须照顾地球也就是说保护地球免于污染，所以此题正确．

点评 对于判断对错题，一定要记得首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后再根据文章关键词，关键句，掌握细节问题，并进行推理判断，再去回答具体的问题．

B

The one-child policy in our country has made most families much smaller than before. That is to say, there are fewer children in a family. But the population of China is still growing faster. Why? In fact, it’s a serious problem not only in China, but also in the whole world. It’s reported that the world population is expected to reach 9,200,000,000 by 2050. There are two important reasons. First, there are still more and more babies born every year. Next, people in the world can live much longer than before.

The earth is too tired, but it has to burden(担负) more in the future. Who can save her?

根据所给短文内容，选择正确答案。

16.The passage tells us that the whole world is suffering from(为……苦恼) the .

A. pollution B. population C. flood D. hunger

17.The underlined word “expect” means _______ in the sentence.

A.希望 B. 祝愿 C. 期待 D. 预测

18.The population of the world will be about ______ by the year 2050.

A. 92 million B. 92 billion C. 9.2 billion D. 9.2 million

19.Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The population of China is still growing.

B. The number of women keeps growing these years.

C. It’s difficult for us to control (控制) the population in a few years.

D. One of the reasons for the population problem is that people can live longer than before.

20. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. China’s Population B. The Family Planning

C. The Population Problem D. China’s One-Child Policy

【参考答案】

16.B

17.D

18.C

19.B

20.C

【答案解析】

试题分析：这篇文章主要讲了我国独生子女政策使得大多数家庭比以前小得多,但中国的人口仍在增长更快。有两个重要原因。首先, 每年仍然有越来越多的出生的婴儿。其次,世界上人们可以比以前活得更长。

地球是太累,但它必须在未来负担更多。谁能救她?

16.归纳理解题。这篇文章告诉我们地球正在为人口苦恼，可知选B。

17.词义猜测题。根据第一段It’s reported that the world population is expected to reach 9,200,000,000 by 2050，据报道,到2050年世界人口预计将达到9.2 billion.可知应选D。

18.细节理解题。根据第一段，It’s reported that the world population is expected to reach 9,200,000,000 by 2050据报道,到2050年世界人口预计将达到9.2 billion，故选C。

19.细节理解题。第一段中指出there are still more and more babies born every year 仍然有越来越多的每年出生的婴儿，可知故选B。

20.归纳理解题。通过文章理解，最好的标题是人口问题。故选C。

考点：故事阅读类阅读。