





《现在完成时复习课 Section A Grammar focus 4a-4c》PPT课件5-八年级下册新目标英语【人教版】
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这是一份人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册本册综合复习课件ppt,共13页。
一、现在完成时的结构:
(助动词)have/has+过去分词
二、现在完成时的用法: 1.“完成法”:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志性词:already、 never、 ever、just、 yet 、befre 、 s far等。
2.“未完成法”:表示动作或状态从过去已经开始,持续到现在并有可能延续到将来。
时间状语:fr+一段时间;since+过去点时间。
三、现在完成时的各种句式:
1.陈述句:主语+ have/has+过去分词+其他成分。
2.否定句:主语+have/has+nt+过去分词+其他成分。
3.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他成分?
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+其他成分?
5.反意疑问句:借助于助动词have/has来完成反意疑问句。
例如:They have lived that village fr ten years, haven’t they ? Li Lei has never read this bk, has he ?
四、正确运用have/has been t,
have/has gne t,和have/has been in 三种结构。
1. have/has been t表示“过去曾去过某地”,但现在已经回来了。
2. have/has gne t表示“已去了某地”,现在还没有回来。
3. have/has been in 表示“已在某地(呆了多久)”,如果是小地方用at代替in。
考点一:考查基本概念 例如: Bth his parents lk sad . Maybe they ____what's happened t him . A. knew B. have knwn C. must knw D.will knw
简析:现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大,往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理,正确答案是B。
考点二:考查时间状语
例1. He has _______ been t Shanghai , has he ?
A. already B.never C.ever D. still
例2. Have yu met Mr Li ______?
A. just B. ag C.befre D. a mment ag
例3. The famus writer ____ ne new bk in the past tw year .
A. is writing B.was writing C.wrte D.has written
例4.—Our cuntry ______ a lt s far . —Yes . I hpe it will be even ______ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ; gd C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better 例5. Zha Lan ______already ______in this schl fr tw years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 例6. We ______ Xia Li since she was a little girl . A. knw B. had knwn C. have knwn D. knew 例7. Harry Ptter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see
简析:现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类: ⑴现在完成时常与already(已经),just(刚刚,正好),ever(曾经),never(从来,也不;从不),befre(以前),yet(仍然)等连用。 ⑵现在完成时常与recently(近来),s far(到目前为止),in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。 ⑶现在完成时时常与“fr +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用(含从句,从句过去时)。 ⑷现在完成时还与nce(一次),twice(两次),three times(三次),several times(几次)等表示重复次数的词语连用。
考点三:考查与一般过去时的区别
例1.—These farmers have been t the United States .
—Really ? When ___ there ?
A. will they g B. did they g
C. d they g D. have they gne
例2.—______ yu ___ yur hmewrk yet ?
—Yes . I _____ it a mment ag .
A. Did ; d ; finished B.Have ; dne ; finished
C. Have ; dne ; have finished D. will ; d ; finish
简析:现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆,就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday , last week , a mment ag等)连用。故例1、2的正确答案皆为B。
考点四:考查非延续性动词的用法
例1. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. jined B. has jined C. was in D. has been in
例2.—D yu knw him well ?
— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ag .
A. were B. have been C. have becme D. have made
例3.—Hw lng have yu ____ here ?
—Abut tw mnths .
A. been B. gne C. cme D. arrived
例4. Hurry up! The play __________ fr ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been n D. began 例5. His uncle died tw years ag .(改变句子,句意不变) His uncle has ____ __ _ fr tw years 例6. Her mther has been a Party member fr three years .(同义句) Her mther _______ the Party three years ________ . 例7. It _____ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was
been dead
jined ag
简析:现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与fr和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下: clse—→be clsed, put n→wear , pen—→be pen get up—→be up, finish/end—→be ver , lse—→be lst , marry—→be married(t), get t knw—→ knw fall asleep/ g t sleep —→be asleep ( sleep ) , cme/arrive—→be here/in , cme/get back—→be back , g/leave-be away , becme —→be , brrw —→keep , buy—→have , begin/start—→be n , die—→be dead , jin—→be in/be a m ember f... , catch a cld—→ have a cld等,
考点五:考查词组have/has been in / t与have/has gne t的区别
例1. Miss Green isn‘t in the ffice . she_______ t the library .
A.has gne B. went C.will g D. has been
例2. My parents ______ Shandng fr ten years .
A. have been in B. have been t
C. have gne t D.have been
简析:“have/has gne t + 地点”表示“某人去了某地(还未回来)”,指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”,常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been t +地点”表示“曾经去过某地(但现在已不在那儿)。”故例1、2的正确答案皆为A。
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