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2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit4Exploringpoetry课件牛津译林版选择性必修第一册
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这是一份2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit4Exploringpoetry课件牛津译林版选择性必修第一册，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了基础回顾·自主排查，核心考点·互动探究，跟踪演练·强化提升，liberty ，claim ，blame ，grasp，owe ，advocate ，reward 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
►核心词汇——写其形1．____________ n. 自由2．____________ vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众3．____________ n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得4．____________ vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责5．____________ n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
distinguish
6．____________ vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)7．____________ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师8．____________ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金9．____________ n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务10．____________ vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
►阅读词汇——知其意1．frst n. ________________2．nurish vt. ________________3．bend vi. & vt.(bent, bent) ________________n. ________________4．impstr n. ________________5．encunter vt. ________________ n. ________________
培养，助长；抚养，滋养
冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
6．legend n. ________________7．Taism n. ________________8．triumph n. ________________ vi. ________________9．era n. ________________10．underg vt. (underwent, undergne) ________________
传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利
►拓展词汇——通其变1．stable adj.稳定的；稳固的→________ n．稳定(性)，稳固(性)2．believe v．相信，信任→________ n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→________ adj.可信的3．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出→________ n．侦探4．character n．性格，(人、集体的)品质；(地方的)特点；(事物的)特征→________ (als ________) vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画5．lgic n．逻辑；逻辑学；思维方式；(做某事的)道理→________ adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
believable
characterize
characterise
6．dwell v．居住；栖身→________ n．居民，居住者7．industry n．工业→________ adj.工业的→________ vt.使工业化→___________ n．工业化8．glry n．光荣→________ adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的9．cntradict v．反驳；与……矛盾→____________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的10．interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→________ n．口译工作者
industrial
industrialize
industrializatin
cntradictry
interpreter
►高频短语——记得牢1．________________ 发现，搜集，查明2．________________ 把……放一边；留出3．________________ 与某事终止关联，破除4．________________ 体谅；考虑到，估计到
set sth. aside
break with sth.
make allwance fr
►典型句式——懂其用1．as引导时间状语从句While yu may ask “What des it mean？” ________________________， it is better t ask“Hw des it sund？”当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”2．as if引导虚拟语气的方式状语从句Secnd, apprach the pem ____________________________________.第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
as yu begin reading a pem
as if yu were an explrer in an unfamiliar landscape
3．I dubted knwing hw way leads n t way, __________________________.但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。4．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句Li Bai's rmantic style ______________________________________.李白的浪漫主义风格亦深植于他所处的社会历史环境中。
I dubted if I shuld ever cme back
was als deeply rted in the scial and histrical cntext in which he lived
►第一版块|重点单词1．frzen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 freeze v．使结冰；冻僵；冷冻 freezing adj.极冷的，冰冻的 n．冰点 adv.极冷地On a freezing cld night, the duck was frzen t death n the frzen lake.在一个寒冷的夜晚，鸭子在冰封的湖面上冻死了。 be frzen t death 被冻死be frzen with/in shck 惊呆be frzen with/in fright/hrrr 吓呆freezing pint 冰点abve/belw freezing 冰点以上/以下freezing cld 非常冷的freezing weather 冰冻天气
◎单句语法填空①They all std there staring, as if ________ (freeze) t the spt.②Americans always drive t supermarkets t buy canned and ________ (freeze) fds fr the week.③The yung sldier was frzen ________ death in the snw, with his hands still hlding n t the gun.④As he spke, he stpped suddenly, frzen ________ terrr.⑤Heilngjiang Prvince is lcated in the nrtheast part f China, s it's ________ (freeze) cld in winter.⑥On hearing the shcking news, he ________ (freeze) at the dr.
2.imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指 implicatin n．言外之意；暗示 as the name implies 顾名思义imply agreement/cnflicts/duties/a lack f interest/happiness 意味着同意/冲突/责任/缺乏兴趣/幸福imply by 用……暗示imply by the lk in ne's eyes 用眼神暗示by implicatin 含蓄地；暗示地imply that... 意味着……It's implied that... 这意味着……
Are yu implying (that) I am wrng?你的意思是说我错了？He gave a lng accunt f his trubles; by implicatin, he needed financial aid.他摆了一大堆困难，言外之意是他需要助学金。
◎单句语法填空①I'm nt ________ (imply) anything abut yur cking, but culd we eat ut tnight?②I detected an ________ (imply) criticism f the way he was treated.③Her statement ________ (imply) a lack f cnfidence in the management f the cmpany.④A cnnectin between the events has been ________ (imply) in several news reprts.⑤He is by __________ (imply) requesting me t resign.
3.dimensin n．方面，侧面；规模，程度；维，尺寸 the scial dimensin f unemplyment 失业的社会性层面a prblem f cnsiderable dimensins 一个涉及面相当广的问题a mdel in three dimensins 三维模型a building f vast dimensins 一座巨大的建筑the mral dimensin f wrld plitics 世界政治的道德方面the furth dimensin 第四度空间；第四维 a large dimensin 大规模twdimensinal space 二维空间
◎单句语法填空①His persnality has several ________ (dimensin)．②These weapns add ________ new dimensin t mdern warfare.③There is a spiritual dimensin ________ her petry.
4．grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解get/have a gd grasp f 很了解，掌握beynd sb.'s grasp 某人不能理解；某人抓不住within sb.'s grasp 某人能理解；某人有把握in sb.'s grasp 在某人的掌控中slip frm (ut f) sb.'s grasp 从某人手中滑脱have/keep a firm grasp n 抓紧grasp at sth. 尽力抓住某物grasp sth. firmly 紧紧握住……grasp a persn by the wrist 抓住某人的手腕grasp the chance/pprtunity 急忙抓住，毫不犹豫地抓住(机会)
◎单句语法填空①I've always had a gd grasp ________ English thanks t my mum wh started me reading when I was very little.②He ften wnders why success is always ________ his grasp.③He was glad that a full partnership at last seemed t be ________ his grasp.④She allwed victry t slip ________ her grasp.
⑤I smetimes think that he's lsing his grasp ________ reality.⑥The baby stretched ut a tiny hand and ________ (grasp) my finger tightly.⑦We must grasp every pprtunity ________ (strengthen) ecnmic ties with ther cuntries.⑧At that time, we didn't fully grasp the significance ________ what had happened.
t strengthen
5．cmplex adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；复合体；情结 cmplexity n．复杂 the cmplex structure f the human brain 错综复杂的人脑构造a cmplex argument/prblem/subject 复杂难懂的论证/问题/科目a cmplex system f vting 一套复杂的选举体制a cmplex persnality 复杂的性格a sprts cmplex 综合体育场a shpping cmplex 购物中心，购物城
◎单句语法填空①I knew very well that the prblem was ___________ (cmplex) than he suppsed.②The frebrain is the largest and _________ (cmplex) part f the brain.③It's ____ very cmplex issue t which there is n straightfrward answer.④Mst peple are nt willing t see themselves as being creative because they assciate creativity with ________ (cmplex)．⑤Such a situatin is ________ (clear) cmplex, but yu can handle each situatin as it arises, just as bees prduce hney frm different kinds f nectar.
mre cmplex
mst cmplex
6.cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 cntradict v．反驳，驳斥，批驳；相抵触；相矛盾；相反 cntradictin n．不一致，对立；反驳be cntradictry t 与……矛盾cntradict sb. 反驳某人cntradict each ther 相互矛盾in cntradictin t 与……相对立deepen the cntradictins 加深矛盾receive the cntradictin 受到反驳
◎单句语法填空①Custms fficials have made a series f ________ (cntradict) statements abut the equipment.②The advice I received was bviusly ___________ (cntradict)．③It just explains that yu feel a certain way and it might be cntradictry ________ what is expected f yu.④Recent evidence has ________ (cntradict) established theries n this subject.⑤Yu say that yu're gd friends and yet yu dn't trust him. Isn't that a ________ (cntradict)?⑥Yur attitude is in cntradictin ________ yur character.
cntradicted
cntradictin
7.clue n．线索，提示；迹象give a clue t sth. 提供某事的线索search fr clues 搜寻线索write a cnversatin with the help f the clues 根据提示编写一段对话discver/find a clue 发现线索trace a clue 追踪线索key/imprtant clues 重要线索nt have a clue 一无所知，不知道怎么做；很愚蠢，很笨拙
◎单句语法填空①Geneticists in Canada have discvered ________ clue t the puzzle f why ur cells get ld and die.②Scientists already have sme ________ (clue) abut hw we judge the actins f anther persn.③The vital clue ________ the killer's identity was his nickname, Peanuts.④I dn't have a clue ________ I'll give Carl fr his birthday next year.
8．patience n．耐心，忍耐力 patient n．病人 adj.有耐心的 patiently adv.耐心地 impatience n．急躁，没耐心 impatient adj.不耐烦的，不耐心的 impatiently adv.不耐烦地 with patience(＝patiently) 耐心地lse/run ut f patience(with) (对……)失去耐心have n/little patience with 不能容忍……，对……没有耐心be patient with patients 对病人有耐心be impatient with 对……不耐烦
◎单句语法填空①He is a gd teacher, but he has little ________ (patient) with the naughty pupils.②I knw the man at the gate. He's ne f Dr Shaw's ________ (patient)．③The crwd waited ________ (patient) in a line fr the drs t pen.④Investrs are grwing ________ (patient) with prmises f imprved earnings.⑤Tm lay awake and waited, in restless ________ (patience).
9.reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历 real adj.真的，真实的；真正的 realistic adj.现实的，实际的；逼真的 realize vt.实现，使……成为现实；认识到，意识到 escape frm reality 逃避现实becme a reality 成为现实in reality 实际上；事实上The reality is that... 实际情况是……in real life 在现实生活中the real wrld 现实世界extrardinarily realistic paintings 极其逼真的绘画be realistic abut... 对……抱现实态度
◎单句语法填空①Rmantic nvels prvide an escape frm ________ (real)．②The reality is ________ there is nt enugh mney t pay fr this prject.③He tld the plice he was ut f twn, but ________ reality, he never went anywhere.④Thugh ne shuld have dreams, it's nt ________ (real) t exist n dreams.⑤Let's be realistic ________ this—I just can't affrd t pay that much mney fr a huse.⑥The mment I saw her, I ________ (realize) smething was wrng.⑦Ten years later her dream ____________ (realize).
was realized
10.rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的 rigidity n．严格，刻板；僵化，坚硬 rigidly adv.严格地，严厉地；僵硬地，坚硬地rigid attitudes 固执的态度a rigid supprt fr the tent 帐篷的坚硬的支撑物rigid plastic cntainers 坚硬的塑料容器be rigid with fear 吓得僵住be rigid abut 对……严格a rigid schedule 严格的时间表be rigid in 在……方面固执/一成不变t be rigid 刻板地说，死板地说
◎单句语法填空①We were disappinted that they insisted n such __ rigid interpretatin f the rules.②I hpe there will be less ________ (rigid) and mre flexibility in this part f yur life.③We recmmend that yu ________ (rigid) bserve this regulatin.
11．advcate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师an advcate fr hspital wrkers 医院工作人员的支持者an advcate f free speech 言论自由的拥护者advcate late marriage 提倡晚婚advcate free trade 提倡自由贸易advcate ding sth. 提倡做某事advcate that sb. (shuld) d sth. 提倡某人做某事
◎单句语法填空①Mr. Williams is a cnservative wh ________ (advcate) fewer gvernment cntrls n business.②We wuld advcate ________ (sell) thse shares at current levels.③They advcated that we ___________ (build) a daycare center.④He was ____ advcate f free market plicies and a multiparty system.⑤Even in the ld wrld, teaching by film has its ________ (advcate) .◎完成句子⑥领导主张每个成员都发挥各自的作用。(leader, member, play ne's part)___________________________________________________________
(shuld) build
The leader advcates that each member (shuld) play their part.
12．claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得；对……宣示所有权；夺去(生命) claims fr cmpensatin 赔偿的要求put in a claim fr an allwance 提出领取津贴的要求a claim fr ￡2,000 要求2 000英镑的索赔a three percent pay claim 提高工资3%的要求insurance claim 保险索赔，保险理赔claim t d sth. 声称做某事claim t have dne sth. 声称做过某事claim that... 声称……It is claimed that... 据说……，有人声称……claim sth. back 索回某物，要回某物claim hundreds f lives 夺走数百人的生命have n claim t the prperty 对这财产没有要求的权利
◎单句语法填空①The cmpany ________ (claim) that it is nt respnsible fr the pllutin in the river.②When my bike was stlen, I ________ (claim) n the insurance and gt ￡150 back.③He claims ___________ (meet) President, but I dn't believe him.④They claim ________ (be) the biggest cmpany in the wrld, which is true if yu include their subsidiaries.⑤Dean tricked the ld lady int giving him eight hundred punds, ________ (claim) that he wuld invest it fr her.⑥If n ne ________ (claim) the watch, yu can keep it.
13.encunter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n．相遇，遭遇，冲突 (1)encunter s many prblems/difficulties 遇到这么多问题/困难encunter an ld friend 遇到一位老朋友a chance encunter 偶然相遇a clse encunter with a snake 险遇一条蛇have an encunter with 与……相遇(2)cme acrss 偶然遇到；偶然发现run int/meet with 遭遇，遇到
◎单句语法填空①At the dr, she ________ (encunter) Miss Rttenmeier, wh stared at Heidi in mute surprise.②This is a prblem frequently _________ (encunter) by my students.③__________ (encunter) difficulties while yu're pursuing yur dream means that yu're n the right track.④It was ________ encunter I wuld never frget.
encuntered
Encuntering
14．tlerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 tlerate vt.容许，容忍，包容；有耐心，能经受be tlerant f 对……容忍，能耐……的tlerate the psitin that she's in 容忍她的处境tlerate his mistakes 容忍他的错误tlerate ding sth. 容忍做某事trees that are tlerant f salt sea winds 能耐咸海风的树木be tlerant twards 对……忍受的/容忍的/宽容的a tlerant sciety 宽容的社会have tlerance f/fr 对……宽容/容忍the tlerance t sth. 对……的忍耐力tlerance t cld 耐寒力
◎单句语法填空①Instead f blaming the child wh had brken the vase, she gave him a ________ (tlerance) smile and let him g.②The present gvernment is even less tlerant ________ vilence.③Peple in Italy are ____________ (tlerant) f children in public places than in Britain.④This srt f behaviur will nt ________ (tlerate), s yu had better stp ding it like that!⑤The ability ________ (tlerate) pain varies frm persn t persn.⑥Cheating ___ nt ________ (tlerate) at any f UK universities.⑦A university that tlerates ________ (cheat) is nt a gd university.⑧My father never shwed much ________ (tlerant) twards us children.
mre tlerant
be tlerated
15．distinguish vt. & vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众 distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的；高贵的，有尊严的 使……有别于……distinguish 把……和……区分开来distinguish neself as 作为……而出众/扬名/著名distinguish between gd and evil 区别善恶a distinguished career in medicine 在医学领域的辉煌生涯a distinguished academic family 一个卓越的学术之家
◎单句语法填空①I smetimes have difficulty ____________ (distinguish) Spanish frm Prtuguese.②There is smething abut music that distinguishes it ________ all ther art frms.③Research suggests that babies learn t see by distinguishing ________ areas f light and dark.④He __________ (distinguish) himself as a writer at a very early age.⑤Over the next few years he distinguished himself ________ a leading cnstitutinal schlar.
distinguishing
distinguished
16．representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 represent vt.代表；作为……的代言人，维护……的利益；展示，描写，描绘 (1)a sales representative 销售代表be representative f... 代表…… 把……描绘成……represent neself as/t be... 自称是……(2)a representative f the UN 联合国代表an elected representative f the peple 民选代表a unin representative 工会代表
◎单句语法填空①He is a ____________ (represent) fr a large internatinal cmpany.②He seemed t take it fr granted that he shuld speak as ________ representative.③All shps are visited regularly by ne f ur sales ________ (representative)．④The painting is nt representative ________ his wrks f the perid.⑤Paintings ________ (represent) religius themes were cmmn in earlier times.⑥New Yrk ________ (represent) everything that's great abut America.⑦The ppular press tends t represent him ________ an envirnmental leader.
representative
representatives
representing
represents
17.cast vt. (cast, cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n．全体演员；投，抛 be cast dwn 失望；沮丧cast a clud/shadw ver sth. 给……蒙上阴影cast light n 使……真相大白cast an/yur eye ver sth. 迅速地看；匆匆浏览cast a vte 投票cast a net 撒网cast aside 扔，抛弃，废除cast away 扔掉，丢弃，抛弃cast ff 解缆，摆脱，抛弃cast sb. as... 选定某人扮演……members f the cast 剧组成员the supprting cast 配角演员a cast list 演员表
◎单句语法填空①The mn cast a bright light ________ the garden.②She cast a quick glance ________ the ntepad t see if there were any messages fr her.③Peple cmplained abut the shadws ________ (cast) by the new skyscraper.④A researcher has nw cast light ____ the mystery f why the animals die.⑤Hwever, the new results cast dubt ________ bth explanatins.⑥Peter gave the signal, and the dead bdy ________ (cast) verbard.⑦They ________ (cast) the shw in New Yrk right nw.
are casting
18．we vt.欠(情)；欠(债) wing adj.未付的，欠着的 we sb.a debt f gratitude 欠某人的情I we yu a favur 我欠你一份情；我会报答你的这份情we an aplgy/explanatin t 应该向……道歉/解释we sb. sth.＝we sth. t sb. 欠某人某物；把……归功于某人；把……归因于某人we Janet $50＝we $50 t Janet 欠珍妮特50美元we him everything＝we everything t him 把一切都归功于他wing t 由于，因为
◎单句语法填空①It's just struck me that I still we yu ____ explanatin.②Yu we a lt f mney ___ me and I hpe yu can pay me back as sn as pssible.③He wes his success mre ___ luck than t ability.④_____ (we) t bad weather, the plane had t change its curse.⑤______ (we) yu an aplgy, I've cme here and I am wndering if yu will frgive me.
19．blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责blame sb. fr 因为某事责怪/指责某人blame sth. n... 把某事归咎于……take the blame fr 承担……的责任lay/put the blame fr sth. n sb. 把某事归咎于某人be t blame (fr sth.) (对坏事)负有责任(此用法无被动)
◎单句语法填空①The cmmissin is expected t blame the army ________ the vilence.②Ms Carey appeared t blame her breakdwn ________ the cmpany's tight wrk schedule.③Why shuld I take the blame ________ smebdy else's mistakes?④The judge ________ (lay) the blame fr the accident n the driver f the car.⑤Sme believed that it was the fans' shuting that was t blame ________ Li's lss.
►第二版块|重点短语1．set sth. aside把……放一边；省出，留出set aside ne's wrk 放下工作draw/pull aside 把……拉开；把……拉到一边lay aside 把……放在一边；搁置stand aside 站在一边；袖手旁观；站开，让开，退出竞争leave aside 搁置；撇开不管brush aside 漠视，撇开不管；扫除，清除step aside 走到一边去，让路；退出竞争put aside 储存，留出，省出；把……放在一边，不去考虑push aside 把……推到一边thrw aside 把……扔在一边，不管；放弃aside frm 除……之外，既……又……
◎单句语法填空①Jim grabbed him by the elbw and tk him ________.②He ____ (draw) me aside t escape the wild car, fr which I was grateful t him.③He ________ (lay) aside his bk and std up, staring at the sky.④The girls ________ (stand) aside, talking amng themselves, lking ver their shulders at the bys.⑤________ (leave) aside the cst f the scheme, let us examine its benefits.
⑥A persn wh ________ (brush) aside yur feelings is nt a real friend.⑦They expected him _____ (step) aside and make way fr an ld man.⑧As a child I lved t draw. But because f my jb, I put ________ drawing.⑨He ____ (set) sme mney aside every mnth t send t his sn fr his mnthly living expenses, wh studies well in cllege.⑩The rm was empty aside ________ ne man seated beside the fire.
2.dig up发现，搜集，查明；掘起，开垦(荒地)dig ut (f sth.) 挖掘出；找出，发现dig yur wn grave/dig a grave fr yurself 自掘坟墓，自取灭亡dig int ne's pcket 慷慨解囊，掏腰包dig neself int a hle 使自己陷入困境，使自己处境尴尬
◎单句语法填空①Peple in many places are ________ (dig) up the ld flk stries.②Other Internet strangers ________ (dig) up and shared her hme address and phne number.③There's n need ________ (dig) up yur entire backyard, either.④An ld Rman vase ________ (dig) up here last mnth.⑤He dug his hand ________ his pcket, searching fr a quarter.
3.break with与……终止关联，破除(＝make a break with sth.)break with traditin/cnventin 打破传统/常规make a break with traditin/cnventin 突破传统；破除习俗break away (frm) 离开；脱离break dwn (机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；消除break in 打断，插嘴；破门而入break int 强行闯入；突然开始(笑等)break ff 中断；折断；突然终止break ut (火灾、战争等)突然爆发break thrugh 冲破，突破break up (使)破碎；(使)(关系等)破裂；分解，分拆；驱散，解散
◎单句语法填空①Wmen are allwed t break ________ traditin and prpse t their byfriends nwadays.②He decided t break away ________ hme after graduatin.③Her health brke ________ under the pressure f wrk.④As she was talking, he suddenly brke ________， saying, “That's a lie.”⑤A grup f fans brke ________ the htel where the famus film star was staying.⑥She brke ________ tears when she brke up with her byfriend.⑦Can we break ________ ur discussin and have sme tea r cffee, please?
4．believe in...信任；相信……可行；相信……的存在believe it r nt 信不信由你 be/t have dne sth. 认为……是/做了某事It is believed that... 人们认为……beynd belief 令人难以置信religius/plitical beliefs 宗教/政治信仰There is a general belief that...＝It is generally believed that... 大家普遍认为……I hld a firm/strng belief that... 我坚信……It is my belief that... 我相信……
◎单句语法填空①His mistake was t lse belief _____ his ability t change fr the better.②________ is a general belief that an agreement has been made.③He deceived us int the belief ________ he was an hnest man.④________ is my belief that her death was nt an accident.⑤He des nt believe ________ the existence f ghsts.⑥It is believed _____ greenhuse gases are the main cause f glbal warming.⑦Jerry lks dumb, but believe it ________ nt, he's the smartest by in ur class.⑧I truly believe ________ imprtant t fllw yur dream—unless f curse yur dream is t rule the wrld r harm ther peple r damage the eclgy.
5．familiarize neself with使自己熟悉/了解/通晓…… familiar adj.熟悉的 familiarity n．熟悉，通晓，认识We are all familiar with the prfessr, wh has familiarized himself with the language f this cuntry in half a year, and his familiarity with the culture f this cuntry will help his wrk a lt.我们都熟悉这位教授，他用了半年的时间熟悉了这个国家的语言，并且他熟悉这个国家的文化将对他的工作有很大帮助。familiarize sb. with sth. 使某人熟悉/了解/通晓某物lk/sund/taste familiar 看/听/尝起来熟悉be familiar with... (人)对……熟悉be familiar t sb. (物)对某人来说熟悉his familiarity with s many languages 他精通那么多种语言
◎单句语法填空①On arriving there, yu shuld try t familiarize yurself ________ lcal cnditins and laws.②With the final examinatin drawing near, we must ________ (familiar) urselves with it frm nw n.③I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar ____ mst readers.④The theme park yu are prbably mst familiar ______ is Disneyland.⑤She addressed me with an easy ________ (familiar) that made me feel at hme.
familiarize
familiarity
►第三版块|典型句式1．as引导时间状语从句[教材原句]While yu may ask“What des it mean？” as yu begin reading a pem, it is better t ask “Hw des it sund？” 当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”
[归纳拓展]as引导从句的几种情况：(1)随着，当……时→引导时间状语从句(2)因为→引导原因状语从句(3)虽然；即使→引导让步状语从句(需将as后面的表语、状语或谓语提到前面，构成倒装句)(4)按照……的方式→引导方式状语从句(5)比较状语从句：跟……一样……；nt 不如……Lucy is as beautiful a girl as Alice.露西跟爱丽丝是一样漂亮的女孩。(6)正如，如同→引导定语从句As yu knw, Julia is leaving sn.你是知道的，朱莉娅马上要离开了。She's very tall, as is her mther.她个子很高，和她母亲一样。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①I saw him ________ I was cming int the building.②Everyne cheered ________ the winners received their medals.③He gets mre attractive ________ he gets lder.④________ it was getting late, I decided t bk int a htel.⑤Angry ________ he was, he culdn't help smiling.⑥He gt divrced, (just) ________ his parents had dne years befre.⑦I dn't think he's been watering these plants—the sil is as dry ________ a bne.⑧________ is ften the case with children, Amy was cmpletely better by the time the dctr arrived.
2．as if引导虚拟语气的方式状语从句[教材原句]Secnd, apprach the pem as if yu were an explrer in an unfamiliar landscape.第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。[句式分析]as if(＝as thugh)好像，仿佛，此处引导方式状语从句，且从句用了与实际情况相反的虚拟语气形式。(1)as if还可以引导表语从句。(2)as if从句的语气：as if引导的从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，则用陈述语气；若与事实相反，则用虚拟语气。
(3)as if从句用虚拟语气时，从句的时态：①对现在情况的虚拟：从句用一般过去时。②对过去情况的虚拟：从句用过去完成时。③对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用“wuld/culd/might＋动词原形”。He lked at me as if I were mad.他瞧着我仿佛我疯了似的。He behaved as if nthing had happened.他表现得若无其事。④as if从句的省略：当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中又含有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可省略。
[基础练习]完成句子①这座白色的小木屋闻起来好像多年没人住过似的。The little white wden huse smells as if it ____________ (live) in fr years.②我告诉父亲斯坦利太太说话的语气，好像斯坦利先生还活着似的。I tld my father hw Mrs Stanley talked ________________ Mr Stanley were still alive.[能力提升]单句语法填空③This meat tastes as if it ________ (g) bad.④It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I ________ (d) it?⑤Yu can brush as if ________ (guide) by a dentist.
hasn't been lived
as if/as thugh
3．I dubt if...我怀疑是否……[教材原句]Yet knwing hw way leads n t way, I dubted if I shuld ever cme back.但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。[归纳拓展]动词dubt接宾语从句时，肯定句中连接词用if或whether，表示“是否”，否定句或疑问句中连接词用that。I dubt whether/if...我怀疑是否……I dn't dubt that...我确信……There is n dubt abut/that...毫无疑问……There is sme dubt abut/whether...对于……有些疑问。have dubts abut sth.对某事持怀疑态度have n dubts abut sth./that...对……毫无疑问
[基础练习]单句语法填空①He dubts ________ she will keep her wrd.②I dubt ________ they can swim acrss the river.③I d nt dubt ________ he can recite it.④There is sme dubt ________ he is the best man fr the jb.⑤There is n dubt ________ we will have three days ff after the exam.⑥I have dubts ________ whether he is able t turn up n time.⑦It is ________ dubt that China has made brilliant achievements in ecnmy in the last few years.⑧I'm rather ________ dubt abut his explanatin f this questin.
4．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句[教材原句]Li Bai's rmantic style was als deeply rted in the scial and histrical cntext in which he lived.李白的浪漫主义风格亦深植于他所处的社会历史环境中。[句式分析]in which he lived是“介词in＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，修饰the scial and histrical cntext。
[归纳拓展]使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时需注意以下几点：(1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词只用whm(先行词指人)，which(先行词指物)和whse(表示所属关系)。The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year, f whm up t half will be frm abrad.该课程通常每年吸引约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，whm指代的是abut 100 students)(2)“介词＋关系代词”可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中，介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略；但若介词后置，则可用that/wh代替which/whm，也可省略关系代词。They als had a small pnd in which they raised fish.他们还有一个养鱼的小池塘。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰a small pnd，此处in which相当于where)
[基础练习]单句语法填空①The English play in ________ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.②This is the student fr ________ I bught the bk.③I dn't think the number f peple ________ whm this happens is very large.④The man, ________ whm I learned the news, is an engineer.⑤He ffered us a lt f mney ________ which we culd buy these machines.⑥Nw we have very pwerful telescpes ________ which we can study the skies.⑦I still remember the day ________ which I went t Beijing.⑧The factry ________ which I wrk is a large ne.
Ⅰ.短语汉译英A1．失去耐心 ________________2．把……放一边；省出，留出 ________________3．远离…… ________________4．用……酬谢某人 ________________5．实际上；事实上 ________________
lse patience/run ut f patience
be remte frm
reward sb. with...
in reality
6．与某事终止关联，破除 ________________7．提倡做某事 ________________8．令人难以置信 ________________9．俯身 ________________10．声称做某事 ________________
break with sth.
advcate ding sth.
beynd belief
claim t d sth.
11．紧紧抓住；坚持，坚守 ________________12．被冻死 ________________13．很了解，掌握 ________________14．为某人所不能理解；某人抓不住 ________________15．发觉某人在做某事 ________________
hld fast t
be frzen t death
have a gd grasp f
beynd ne's grasp
detect sb. ding sth.
B1．把某事归咎于…… ________________2．体谅；考虑到，估计到 ________________3．数年以后 ________________4．有影响，有作用 ________________5．别无选择只能做……；除了做……没有其他选择 ________________6．以……为特征，具有……的特点 ________________
blame sth. n...
make allwance fr
many years hence
make a difference
have n chice but t d
be characterized by
7．捐献，捐赠(尤指款或物)，捐助；造成，导致________________8．使自己熟悉/了解/通晓…… ________________9．植根于 ________________10．对……容忍，忍耐…… ________________11．自由 ________________12．使……有别于…… ________________13．代表…… ________________14．使……真相大白 ________________15．有资格/权利享有…… ________________
cntribute t
familiarize neself with
be tlerant f
be representative f...
cast light n
be entitled t
Ⅱ.单句语法填空A1．His father was in prisn and abut t be killed. In the crisis he fund several ________ (clue) t prve his father's inncence.2．Facing an enrmus amunt f wrk, yu must have enugh ________ (patient). Otherwise, yu'll break dwn.3．His inventin was put int practice n a large scale, and he ________ (reward) with what he had been lnging fr.4．He is ________ (cnstant) imprving his painting skills and dreaming f hlding an exhibitin where his realistic paintings will be displayed.5．She said she was admitted t the university in her wn right, but everyne knew it was nt ________ (lgic)．
was rewarded
6．One day he was riding a bike n the edge f the frest when he ________ (perceive) that a rare bird apparently hurt was lying n the rad.7．Please be realistic! The ________ (real) is that ur cmpany is experiencing a sharp decline in its prfits.8．The reprter said that the ld man with weak visin made a living by grwing mushrms and garlic and that he had ________ (underg) a lt f hardships.9．Rapid ______________ (industrial) has resulted in an apparent increase in pllutin in the city.10．The head went n a tur f inspectin f the factry, ________ (dig) up sme useful infrmatin.
industrializatin
B1．This unusual genius is crazy abut music, which is ________ (rt) in his parents wh are bth extrardinary musicians.2．Our cuntry pssesses a vast land and we believe it will vercme all difficulties t maintain scial ________ (stable)．3．After staring at her fr a mment, then all f a sudden he turned away, which shwed that he decided nt t be ________ (tlerate) f her rudeness any mre.4．Against all expectatins, his dg fell shrt f breath, which made him wnder wh was ________ (blame) fr it.5．There is sme dubt abut his predictin that everybdy in ur cmpany will get a clthing ________ (allw)．
6．His car, full f raw materials, passed thrugh three ________ (district) and reached his destinatin, where his friend had arranged fr a man t pick him up.7．The wrthy cmpser ________ (bend) ver and embraced the weeping child, telling him t turn srrw int strength.8．I like the surrundings f this rural area, which are ________ (characterize) by hills and rivers.9．In that remte rural area, yu have t rely n yurself t wrk ut all the difficulties ________ (encunter) in yur jb.
characterized
Ⅲ.单句写作1．这个固执的人与组织决裂，因为组织所倡导的信念未能使他实现理想。(rigid, break with, belief, advcate过去分词短语作定语， ideal)___________________________________________________________2．我怀疑他们能否成功要求加薪四倍于以前的工资。(I dubt if/whether, claim)___________________________________________________________3．面对全球变暖，我们别无选择，只能尽我们最大的努力去改变。(face分词短语作状语， have n chice but t d, make a difference)___________________________________________________________
The rigid man brke with the rganizatin because the belief advcated by it failed t make him achieve the ideal.
I dubt if/whether they will succeed in claiming a pay raise fur times their previus salary.
Facing glbal warming/Faced with glbal warming, we have n chice but t try ur best t make a difference.
4．那位女士体谅他还是个孩子的事实，没有责怪他的行为，而是选择了宽容。(make allwance fr现在分词短语作状语， , tlerant)___________________________________________________________5．当他走向冰冻的河面时，他考虑了他朋友的暗示。(as, frzen, imply)___________________________________________________________6．虽然他的英语掌握得很好，但他还是会在阅读时搜集一些复杂的句子来进行翻译。(grasp, dig up, interpret)___________________________________________________________
Making allwance fr the fact that he was a child, the lady did nt blame him fr his behaviur, but chse t be tlerant.
As he walked twards the frzen river, he cnsidered what his friend had implied.
Althugh he has a gd grasp f English, he still digs up sme cmplex sentences t interpret while reading.
►核心词汇——写其形1．____________ n. 自由2．____________ vt. & vi. 成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众3．____________ n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得4．____________ vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n. 责任，责备，指责5．____________ n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
distinguish
6．____________ vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)7．____________ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡 n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师8．____________ vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金9．____________ n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务10．____________ vt. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
►阅读词汇——知其意1．frst n. ________________2．nurish vt. ________________3．bend vi. & vt.(bent, bent) ________________n. ________________4．impstr n. ________________5．encunter vt. ________________ n. ________________
培养，助长；抚养，滋养
冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
6．legend n. ________________7．Taism n. ________________8．triumph n. ________________ vi. ________________9．era n. ________________10．underg vt. (underwent, undergne) ________________
传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利
►拓展词汇——通其变1．stable adj.稳定的；稳固的→________ n．稳定(性)，稳固(性)2．believe v．相信，信任→________ n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→________ adj.可信的3．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出→________ n．侦探4．character n．性格，(人、集体的)品质；(地方的)特点；(事物的)特征→________ (als ________) vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画5．lgic n．逻辑；逻辑学；思维方式；(做某事的)道理→________ adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
believable
characterize
characterise
6．dwell v．居住；栖身→________ n．居民，居住者7．industry n．工业→________ adj.工业的→________ vt.使工业化→___________ n．工业化8．glry n．光荣→________ adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的9．cntradict v．反驳；与……矛盾→____________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的10．interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→________ n．口译工作者
industrial
industrialize
industrializatin
cntradictry
interpreter
►高频短语——记得牢1．________________ 发现，搜集，查明2．________________ 把……放一边；留出3．________________ 与某事终止关联，破除4．________________ 体谅；考虑到，估计到
set sth. aside
break with sth.
make allwance fr
►典型句式——懂其用1．as引导时间状语从句While yu may ask “What des it mean？” ________________________， it is better t ask“Hw des it sund？”当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”2．as if引导虚拟语气的方式状语从句Secnd, apprach the pem ____________________________________.第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
as yu begin reading a pem
as if yu were an explrer in an unfamiliar landscape
3．I dubted knwing hw way leads n t way, __________________________.但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。4．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句Li Bai's rmantic style ______________________________________.李白的浪漫主义风格亦深植于他所处的社会历史环境中。
I dubted if I shuld ever cme back
was als deeply rted in the scial and histrical cntext in which he lived
►第一版块|重点单词1．frzen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 freeze v．使结冰；冻僵；冷冻 freezing adj.极冷的，冰冻的 n．冰点 adv.极冷地On a freezing cld night, the duck was frzen t death n the frzen lake.在一个寒冷的夜晚，鸭子在冰封的湖面上冻死了。 be frzen t death 被冻死be frzen with/in shck 惊呆be frzen with/in fright/hrrr 吓呆freezing pint 冰点abve/belw freezing 冰点以上/以下freezing cld 非常冷的freezing weather 冰冻天气
◎单句语法填空①They all std there staring, as if ________ (freeze) t the spt.②Americans always drive t supermarkets t buy canned and ________ (freeze) fds fr the week.③The yung sldier was frzen ________ death in the snw, with his hands still hlding n t the gun.④As he spke, he stpped suddenly, frzen ________ terrr.⑤Heilngjiang Prvince is lcated in the nrtheast part f China, s it's ________ (freeze) cld in winter.⑥On hearing the shcking news, he ________ (freeze) at the dr.
2.imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指 implicatin n．言外之意；暗示 as the name implies 顾名思义imply agreement/cnflicts/duties/a lack f interest/happiness 意味着同意/冲突/责任/缺乏兴趣/幸福imply by 用……暗示imply by the lk in ne's eyes 用眼神暗示by implicatin 含蓄地；暗示地imply that... 意味着……It's implied that... 这意味着……
Are yu implying (that) I am wrng?你的意思是说我错了？He gave a lng accunt f his trubles; by implicatin, he needed financial aid.他摆了一大堆困难，言外之意是他需要助学金。
◎单句语法填空①I'm nt ________ (imply) anything abut yur cking, but culd we eat ut tnight?②I detected an ________ (imply) criticism f the way he was treated.③Her statement ________ (imply) a lack f cnfidence in the management f the cmpany.④A cnnectin between the events has been ________ (imply) in several news reprts.⑤He is by __________ (imply) requesting me t resign.
3.dimensin n．方面，侧面；规模，程度；维，尺寸 the scial dimensin f unemplyment 失业的社会性层面a prblem f cnsiderable dimensins 一个涉及面相当广的问题a mdel in three dimensins 三维模型a building f vast dimensins 一座巨大的建筑the mral dimensin f wrld plitics 世界政治的道德方面the furth dimensin 第四度空间；第四维 a large dimensin 大规模twdimensinal space 二维空间
◎单句语法填空①His persnality has several ________ (dimensin)．②These weapns add ________ new dimensin t mdern warfare.③There is a spiritual dimensin ________ her petry.
4．grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解get/have a gd grasp f 很了解，掌握beynd sb.'s grasp 某人不能理解；某人抓不住within sb.'s grasp 某人能理解；某人有把握in sb.'s grasp 在某人的掌控中slip frm (ut f) sb.'s grasp 从某人手中滑脱have/keep a firm grasp n 抓紧grasp at sth. 尽力抓住某物grasp sth. firmly 紧紧握住……grasp a persn by the wrist 抓住某人的手腕grasp the chance/pprtunity 急忙抓住，毫不犹豫地抓住(机会)
◎单句语法填空①I've always had a gd grasp ________ English thanks t my mum wh started me reading when I was very little.②He ften wnders why success is always ________ his grasp.③He was glad that a full partnership at last seemed t be ________ his grasp.④She allwed victry t slip ________ her grasp.
⑤I smetimes think that he's lsing his grasp ________ reality.⑥The baby stretched ut a tiny hand and ________ (grasp) my finger tightly.⑦We must grasp every pprtunity ________ (strengthen) ecnmic ties with ther cuntries.⑧At that time, we didn't fully grasp the significance ________ what had happened.
t strengthen
5．cmplex adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；复合体；情结 cmplexity n．复杂 the cmplex structure f the human brain 错综复杂的人脑构造a cmplex argument/prblem/subject 复杂难懂的论证/问题/科目a cmplex system f vting 一套复杂的选举体制a cmplex persnality 复杂的性格a sprts cmplex 综合体育场a shpping cmplex 购物中心，购物城
◎单句语法填空①I knew very well that the prblem was ___________ (cmplex) than he suppsed.②The frebrain is the largest and _________ (cmplex) part f the brain.③It's ____ very cmplex issue t which there is n straightfrward answer.④Mst peple are nt willing t see themselves as being creative because they assciate creativity with ________ (cmplex)．⑤Such a situatin is ________ (clear) cmplex, but yu can handle each situatin as it arises, just as bees prduce hney frm different kinds f nectar.
mre cmplex
mst cmplex
6.cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 cntradict v．反驳，驳斥，批驳；相抵触；相矛盾；相反 cntradictin n．不一致，对立；反驳be cntradictry t 与……矛盾cntradict sb. 反驳某人cntradict each ther 相互矛盾in cntradictin t 与……相对立deepen the cntradictins 加深矛盾receive the cntradictin 受到反驳
◎单句语法填空①Custms fficials have made a series f ________ (cntradict) statements abut the equipment.②The advice I received was bviusly ___________ (cntradict)．③It just explains that yu feel a certain way and it might be cntradictry ________ what is expected f yu.④Recent evidence has ________ (cntradict) established theries n this subject.⑤Yu say that yu're gd friends and yet yu dn't trust him. Isn't that a ________ (cntradict)?⑥Yur attitude is in cntradictin ________ yur character.
cntradicted
cntradictin
7.clue n．线索，提示；迹象give a clue t sth. 提供某事的线索search fr clues 搜寻线索write a cnversatin with the help f the clues 根据提示编写一段对话discver/find a clue 发现线索trace a clue 追踪线索key/imprtant clues 重要线索nt have a clue 一无所知，不知道怎么做；很愚蠢，很笨拙
◎单句语法填空①Geneticists in Canada have discvered ________ clue t the puzzle f why ur cells get ld and die.②Scientists already have sme ________ (clue) abut hw we judge the actins f anther persn.③The vital clue ________ the killer's identity was his nickname, Peanuts.④I dn't have a clue ________ I'll give Carl fr his birthday next year.
8．patience n．耐心，忍耐力 patient n．病人 adj.有耐心的 patiently adv.耐心地 impatience n．急躁，没耐心 impatient adj.不耐烦的，不耐心的 impatiently adv.不耐烦地 with patience(＝patiently) 耐心地lse/run ut f patience(with) (对……)失去耐心have n/little patience with 不能容忍……，对……没有耐心be patient with patients 对病人有耐心be impatient with 对……不耐烦
◎单句语法填空①He is a gd teacher, but he has little ________ (patient) with the naughty pupils.②I knw the man at the gate. He's ne f Dr Shaw's ________ (patient)．③The crwd waited ________ (patient) in a line fr the drs t pen.④Investrs are grwing ________ (patient) with prmises f imprved earnings.⑤Tm lay awake and waited, in restless ________ (patience).
9.reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历 real adj.真的，真实的；真正的 realistic adj.现实的，实际的；逼真的 realize vt.实现，使……成为现实；认识到，意识到 escape frm reality 逃避现实becme a reality 成为现实in reality 实际上；事实上The reality is that... 实际情况是……in real life 在现实生活中the real wrld 现实世界extrardinarily realistic paintings 极其逼真的绘画be realistic abut... 对……抱现实态度
◎单句语法填空①Rmantic nvels prvide an escape frm ________ (real)．②The reality is ________ there is nt enugh mney t pay fr this prject.③He tld the plice he was ut f twn, but ________ reality, he never went anywhere.④Thugh ne shuld have dreams, it's nt ________ (real) t exist n dreams.⑤Let's be realistic ________ this—I just can't affrd t pay that much mney fr a huse.⑥The mment I saw her, I ________ (realize) smething was wrng.⑦Ten years later her dream ____________ (realize).
was realized
10.rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的 rigidity n．严格，刻板；僵化，坚硬 rigidly adv.严格地，严厉地；僵硬地，坚硬地rigid attitudes 固执的态度a rigid supprt fr the tent 帐篷的坚硬的支撑物rigid plastic cntainers 坚硬的塑料容器be rigid with fear 吓得僵住be rigid abut 对……严格a rigid schedule 严格的时间表be rigid in 在……方面固执/一成不变t be rigid 刻板地说，死板地说
◎单句语法填空①We were disappinted that they insisted n such __ rigid interpretatin f the rules.②I hpe there will be less ________ (rigid) and mre flexibility in this part f yur life.③We recmmend that yu ________ (rigid) bserve this regulatin.
11．advcate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师an advcate fr hspital wrkers 医院工作人员的支持者an advcate f free speech 言论自由的拥护者advcate late marriage 提倡晚婚advcate free trade 提倡自由贸易advcate ding sth. 提倡做某事advcate that sb. (shuld) d sth. 提倡某人做某事
◎单句语法填空①Mr. Williams is a cnservative wh ________ (advcate) fewer gvernment cntrls n business.②We wuld advcate ________ (sell) thse shares at current levels.③They advcated that we ___________ (build) a daycare center.④He was ____ advcate f free market plicies and a multiparty system.⑤Even in the ld wrld, teaching by film has its ________ (advcate) .◎完成句子⑥领导主张每个成员都发挥各自的作用。(leader, member, play ne's part)___________________________________________________________
(shuld) build
The leader advcates that each member (shuld) play their part.
12．claim n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得；对……宣示所有权；夺去(生命) claims fr cmpensatin 赔偿的要求put in a claim fr an allwance 提出领取津贴的要求a claim fr ￡2,000 要求2 000英镑的索赔a three percent pay claim 提高工资3%的要求insurance claim 保险索赔，保险理赔claim t d sth. 声称做某事claim t have dne sth. 声称做过某事claim that... 声称……It is claimed that... 据说……，有人声称……claim sth. back 索回某物，要回某物claim hundreds f lives 夺走数百人的生命have n claim t the prperty 对这财产没有要求的权利
◎单句语法填空①The cmpany ________ (claim) that it is nt respnsible fr the pllutin in the river.②When my bike was stlen, I ________ (claim) n the insurance and gt ￡150 back.③He claims ___________ (meet) President, but I dn't believe him.④They claim ________ (be) the biggest cmpany in the wrld, which is true if yu include their subsidiaries.⑤Dean tricked the ld lady int giving him eight hundred punds, ________ (claim) that he wuld invest it fr her.⑥If n ne ________ (claim) the watch, yu can keep it.
13.encunter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n．相遇，遭遇，冲突 (1)encunter s many prblems/difficulties 遇到这么多问题/困难encunter an ld friend 遇到一位老朋友a chance encunter 偶然相遇a clse encunter with a snake 险遇一条蛇have an encunter with 与……相遇(2)cme acrss 偶然遇到；偶然发现run int/meet with 遭遇，遇到
◎单句语法填空①At the dr, she ________ (encunter) Miss Rttenmeier, wh stared at Heidi in mute surprise.②This is a prblem frequently _________ (encunter) by my students.③__________ (encunter) difficulties while yu're pursuing yur dream means that yu're n the right track.④It was ________ encunter I wuld never frget.
encuntered
Encuntering
14．tlerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 tlerate vt.容许，容忍，包容；有耐心，能经受be tlerant f 对……容忍，能耐……的tlerate the psitin that she's in 容忍她的处境tlerate his mistakes 容忍他的错误tlerate ding sth. 容忍做某事trees that are tlerant f salt sea winds 能耐咸海风的树木be tlerant twards 对……忍受的/容忍的/宽容的a tlerant sciety 宽容的社会have tlerance f/fr 对……宽容/容忍the tlerance t sth. 对……的忍耐力tlerance t cld 耐寒力
◎单句语法填空①Instead f blaming the child wh had brken the vase, she gave him a ________ (tlerance) smile and let him g.②The present gvernment is even less tlerant ________ vilence.③Peple in Italy are ____________ (tlerant) f children in public places than in Britain.④This srt f behaviur will nt ________ (tlerate), s yu had better stp ding it like that!⑤The ability ________ (tlerate) pain varies frm persn t persn.⑥Cheating ___ nt ________ (tlerate) at any f UK universities.⑦A university that tlerates ________ (cheat) is nt a gd university.⑧My father never shwed much ________ (tlerant) twards us children.
mre tlerant
be tlerated
15．distinguish vt. & vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众 distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的；高贵的，有尊严的 使……有别于……distinguish 把……和……区分开来distinguish neself as 作为……而出众/扬名/著名distinguish between gd and evil 区别善恶a distinguished career in medicine 在医学领域的辉煌生涯a distinguished academic family 一个卓越的学术之家
◎单句语法填空①I smetimes have difficulty ____________ (distinguish) Spanish frm Prtuguese.②There is smething abut music that distinguishes it ________ all ther art frms.③Research suggests that babies learn t see by distinguishing ________ areas f light and dark.④He __________ (distinguish) himself as a writer at a very early age.⑤Over the next few years he distinguished himself ________ a leading cnstitutinal schlar.
distinguishing
distinguished
16．representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 represent vt.代表；作为……的代言人，维护……的利益；展示，描写，描绘 (1)a sales representative 销售代表be representative f... 代表…… 把……描绘成……represent neself as/t be... 自称是……(2)a representative f the UN 联合国代表an elected representative f the peple 民选代表a unin representative 工会代表
◎单句语法填空①He is a ____________ (represent) fr a large internatinal cmpany.②He seemed t take it fr granted that he shuld speak as ________ representative.③All shps are visited regularly by ne f ur sales ________ (representative)．④The painting is nt representative ________ his wrks f the perid.⑤Paintings ________ (represent) religius themes were cmmn in earlier times.⑥New Yrk ________ (represent) everything that's great abut America.⑦The ppular press tends t represent him ________ an envirnmental leader.
representative
representatives
representing
represents
17.cast vt. (cast, cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n．全体演员；投，抛 be cast dwn 失望；沮丧cast a clud/shadw ver sth. 给……蒙上阴影cast light n 使……真相大白cast an/yur eye ver sth. 迅速地看；匆匆浏览cast a vte 投票cast a net 撒网cast aside 扔，抛弃，废除cast away 扔掉，丢弃，抛弃cast ff 解缆，摆脱，抛弃cast sb. as... 选定某人扮演……members f the cast 剧组成员the supprting cast 配角演员a cast list 演员表
◎单句语法填空①The mn cast a bright light ________ the garden.②She cast a quick glance ________ the ntepad t see if there were any messages fr her.③Peple cmplained abut the shadws ________ (cast) by the new skyscraper.④A researcher has nw cast light ____ the mystery f why the animals die.⑤Hwever, the new results cast dubt ________ bth explanatins.⑥Peter gave the signal, and the dead bdy ________ (cast) verbard.⑦They ________ (cast) the shw in New Yrk right nw.
are casting
18．we vt.欠(情)；欠(债) wing adj.未付的，欠着的 we sb.a debt f gratitude 欠某人的情I we yu a favur 我欠你一份情；我会报答你的这份情we an aplgy/explanatin t 应该向……道歉/解释we sb. sth.＝we sth. t sb. 欠某人某物；把……归功于某人；把……归因于某人we Janet $50＝we $50 t Janet 欠珍妮特50美元we him everything＝we everything t him 把一切都归功于他wing t 由于，因为
◎单句语法填空①It's just struck me that I still we yu ____ explanatin.②Yu we a lt f mney ___ me and I hpe yu can pay me back as sn as pssible.③He wes his success mre ___ luck than t ability.④_____ (we) t bad weather, the plane had t change its curse.⑤______ (we) yu an aplgy, I've cme here and I am wndering if yu will frgive me.
19．blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责blame sb. fr 因为某事责怪/指责某人blame sth. n... 把某事归咎于……take the blame fr 承担……的责任lay/put the blame fr sth. n sb. 把某事归咎于某人be t blame (fr sth.) (对坏事)负有责任(此用法无被动)
◎单句语法填空①The cmmissin is expected t blame the army ________ the vilence.②Ms Carey appeared t blame her breakdwn ________ the cmpany's tight wrk schedule.③Why shuld I take the blame ________ smebdy else's mistakes?④The judge ________ (lay) the blame fr the accident n the driver f the car.⑤Sme believed that it was the fans' shuting that was t blame ________ Li's lss.
►第二版块|重点短语1．set sth. aside把……放一边；省出，留出set aside ne's wrk 放下工作draw/pull aside 把……拉开；把……拉到一边lay aside 把……放在一边；搁置stand aside 站在一边；袖手旁观；站开，让开，退出竞争leave aside 搁置；撇开不管brush aside 漠视，撇开不管；扫除，清除step aside 走到一边去，让路；退出竞争put aside 储存，留出，省出；把……放在一边，不去考虑push aside 把……推到一边thrw aside 把……扔在一边，不管；放弃aside frm 除……之外，既……又……
◎单句语法填空①Jim grabbed him by the elbw and tk him ________.②He ____ (draw) me aside t escape the wild car, fr which I was grateful t him.③He ________ (lay) aside his bk and std up, staring at the sky.④The girls ________ (stand) aside, talking amng themselves, lking ver their shulders at the bys.⑤________ (leave) aside the cst f the scheme, let us examine its benefits.
⑥A persn wh ________ (brush) aside yur feelings is nt a real friend.⑦They expected him _____ (step) aside and make way fr an ld man.⑧As a child I lved t draw. But because f my jb, I put ________ drawing.⑨He ____ (set) sme mney aside every mnth t send t his sn fr his mnthly living expenses, wh studies well in cllege.⑩The rm was empty aside ________ ne man seated beside the fire.
2.dig up发现，搜集，查明；掘起，开垦(荒地)dig ut (f sth.) 挖掘出；找出，发现dig yur wn grave/dig a grave fr yurself 自掘坟墓，自取灭亡dig int ne's pcket 慷慨解囊，掏腰包dig neself int a hle 使自己陷入困境，使自己处境尴尬
◎单句语法填空①Peple in many places are ________ (dig) up the ld flk stries.②Other Internet strangers ________ (dig) up and shared her hme address and phne number.③There's n need ________ (dig) up yur entire backyard, either.④An ld Rman vase ________ (dig) up here last mnth.⑤He dug his hand ________ his pcket, searching fr a quarter.
3.break with与……终止关联，破除(＝make a break with sth.)break with traditin/cnventin 打破传统/常规make a break with traditin/cnventin 突破传统；破除习俗break away (frm) 离开；脱离break dwn (机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；消除break in 打断，插嘴；破门而入break int 强行闯入；突然开始(笑等)break ff 中断；折断；突然终止break ut (火灾、战争等)突然爆发break thrugh 冲破，突破break up (使)破碎；(使)(关系等)破裂；分解，分拆；驱散，解散
◎单句语法填空①Wmen are allwed t break ________ traditin and prpse t their byfriends nwadays.②He decided t break away ________ hme after graduatin.③Her health brke ________ under the pressure f wrk.④As she was talking, he suddenly brke ________， saying, “That's a lie.”⑤A grup f fans brke ________ the htel where the famus film star was staying.⑥She brke ________ tears when she brke up with her byfriend.⑦Can we break ________ ur discussin and have sme tea r cffee, please?
4．believe in...信任；相信……可行；相信……的存在believe it r nt 信不信由你 be/t have dne sth. 认为……是/做了某事It is believed that... 人们认为……beynd belief 令人难以置信religius/plitical beliefs 宗教/政治信仰There is a general belief that...＝It is generally believed that... 大家普遍认为……I hld a firm/strng belief that... 我坚信……It is my belief that... 我相信……
◎单句语法填空①His mistake was t lse belief _____ his ability t change fr the better.②________ is a general belief that an agreement has been made.③He deceived us int the belief ________ he was an hnest man.④________ is my belief that her death was nt an accident.⑤He des nt believe ________ the existence f ghsts.⑥It is believed _____ greenhuse gases are the main cause f glbal warming.⑦Jerry lks dumb, but believe it ________ nt, he's the smartest by in ur class.⑧I truly believe ________ imprtant t fllw yur dream—unless f curse yur dream is t rule the wrld r harm ther peple r damage the eclgy.
5．familiarize neself with使自己熟悉/了解/通晓…… familiar adj.熟悉的 familiarity n．熟悉，通晓，认识We are all familiar with the prfessr, wh has familiarized himself with the language f this cuntry in half a year, and his familiarity with the culture f this cuntry will help his wrk a lt.我们都熟悉这位教授，他用了半年的时间熟悉了这个国家的语言，并且他熟悉这个国家的文化将对他的工作有很大帮助。familiarize sb. with sth. 使某人熟悉/了解/通晓某物lk/sund/taste familiar 看/听/尝起来熟悉be familiar with... (人)对……熟悉be familiar t sb. (物)对某人来说熟悉his familiarity with s many languages 他精通那么多种语言
◎单句语法填空①On arriving there, yu shuld try t familiarize yurself ________ lcal cnditins and laws.②With the final examinatin drawing near, we must ________ (familiar) urselves with it frm nw n.③I use Christmas as an example because it is familiar ____ mst readers.④The theme park yu are prbably mst familiar ______ is Disneyland.⑤She addressed me with an easy ________ (familiar) that made me feel at hme.
familiarize
familiarity
►第三版块|典型句式1．as引导时间状语从句[教材原句]While yu may ask“What des it mean？” as yu begin reading a pem, it is better t ask “Hw des it sund？” 当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”
[归纳拓展]as引导从句的几种情况：(1)随着，当……时→引导时间状语从句(2)因为→引导原因状语从句(3)虽然；即使→引导让步状语从句(需将as后面的表语、状语或谓语提到前面，构成倒装句)(4)按照……的方式→引导方式状语从句(5)比较状语从句：跟……一样……；nt 不如……Lucy is as beautiful a girl as Alice.露西跟爱丽丝是一样漂亮的女孩。(6)正如，如同→引导定语从句As yu knw, Julia is leaving sn.你是知道的，朱莉娅马上要离开了。She's very tall, as is her mther.她个子很高，和她母亲一样。
[基础练习]单句语法填空①I saw him ________ I was cming int the building.②Everyne cheered ________ the winners received their medals.③He gets mre attractive ________ he gets lder.④________ it was getting late, I decided t bk int a htel.⑤Angry ________ he was, he culdn't help smiling.⑥He gt divrced, (just) ________ his parents had dne years befre.⑦I dn't think he's been watering these plants—the sil is as dry ________ a bne.⑧________ is ften the case with children, Amy was cmpletely better by the time the dctr arrived.
2．as if引导虚拟语气的方式状语从句[教材原句]Secnd, apprach the pem as if yu were an explrer in an unfamiliar landscape.第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。[句式分析]as if(＝as thugh)好像，仿佛，此处引导方式状语从句，且从句用了与实际情况相反的虚拟语气形式。(1)as if还可以引导表语从句。(2)as if从句的语气：as if引导的从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实，则用陈述语气；若与事实相反，则用虚拟语气。
(3)as if从句用虚拟语气时，从句的时态：①对现在情况的虚拟：从句用一般过去时。②对过去情况的虚拟：从句用过去完成时。③对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用“wuld/culd/might＋动词原形”。He lked at me as if I were mad.他瞧着我仿佛我疯了似的。He behaved as if nthing had happened.他表现得若无其事。④as if从句的省略：当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中又含有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可省略。
[基础练习]完成句子①这座白色的小木屋闻起来好像多年没人住过似的。The little white wden huse smells as if it ____________ (live) in fr years.②我告诉父亲斯坦利太太说话的语气，好像斯坦利先生还活着似的。I tld my father hw Mrs Stanley talked ________________ Mr Stanley were still alive.[能力提升]单句语法填空③This meat tastes as if it ________ (g) bad.④It was Jhn wh brke the windw. Why are yu talking t me as if I ________ (d) it?⑤Yu can brush as if ________ (guide) by a dentist.
hasn't been lived
as if/as thugh
3．I dubt if...我怀疑是否……[教材原句]Yet knwing hw way leads n t way, I dubted if I shuld ever cme back.但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。[归纳拓展]动词dubt接宾语从句时，肯定句中连接词用if或whether，表示“是否”，否定句或疑问句中连接词用that。I dubt whether/if...我怀疑是否……I dn't dubt that...我确信……There is n dubt abut/that...毫无疑问……There is sme dubt abut/whether...对于……有些疑问。have dubts abut sth.对某事持怀疑态度have n dubts abut sth./that...对……毫无疑问
[基础练习]单句语法填空①He dubts ________ she will keep her wrd.②I dubt ________ they can swim acrss the river.③I d nt dubt ________ he can recite it.④There is sme dubt ________ he is the best man fr the jb.⑤There is n dubt ________ we will have three days ff after the exam.⑥I have dubts ________ whether he is able t turn up n time.⑦It is ________ dubt that China has made brilliant achievements in ecnmy in the last few years.⑧I'm rather ________ dubt abut his explanatin f this questin.
4．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句[教材原句]Li Bai's rmantic style was als deeply rted in the scial and histrical cntext in which he lived.李白的浪漫主义风格亦深植于他所处的社会历史环境中。[句式分析]in which he lived是“介词in＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，修饰the scial and histrical cntext。
[归纳拓展]使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时需注意以下几点：(1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词只用whm(先行词指人)，which(先行词指物)和whse(表示所属关系)。The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year, f whm up t half will be frm abrad.该课程通常每年吸引约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，whm指代的是abut 100 students)(2)“介词＋关系代词”可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中，介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略；但若介词后置，则可用that/wh代替which/whm，也可省略关系代词。They als had a small pnd in which they raised fish.他们还有一个养鱼的小池塘。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰a small pnd，此处in which相当于where)
[基础练习]单句语法填空①The English play in ________ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.②This is the student fr ________ I bught the bk.③I dn't think the number f peple ________ whm this happens is very large.④The man, ________ whm I learned the news, is an engineer.⑤He ffered us a lt f mney ________ which we culd buy these machines.⑥Nw we have very pwerful telescpes ________ which we can study the skies.⑦I still remember the day ________ which I went t Beijing.⑧The factry ________ which I wrk is a large ne.
Ⅰ.短语汉译英A1．失去耐心 ________________2．把……放一边；省出，留出 ________________3．远离…… ________________4．用……酬谢某人 ________________5．实际上；事实上 ________________
lse patience/run ut f patience
be remte frm
reward sb. with...
in reality
6．与某事终止关联，破除 ________________7．提倡做某事 ________________8．令人难以置信 ________________9．俯身 ________________10．声称做某事 ________________
break with sth.
advcate ding sth.
beynd belief
claim t d sth.
11．紧紧抓住；坚持，坚守 ________________12．被冻死 ________________13．很了解，掌握 ________________14．为某人所不能理解；某人抓不住 ________________15．发觉某人在做某事 ________________
hld fast t
be frzen t death
have a gd grasp f
beynd ne's grasp
detect sb. ding sth.
B1．把某事归咎于…… ________________2．体谅；考虑到，估计到 ________________3．数年以后 ________________4．有影响，有作用 ________________5．别无选择只能做……；除了做……没有其他选择 ________________6．以……为特征，具有……的特点 ________________
blame sth. n...
make allwance fr
many years hence
make a difference
have n chice but t d
be characterized by
7．捐献，捐赠(尤指款或物)，捐助；造成，导致________________8．使自己熟悉/了解/通晓…… ________________9．植根于 ________________10．对……容忍，忍耐…… ________________11．自由 ________________12．使……有别于…… ________________13．代表…… ________________14．使……真相大白 ________________15．有资格/权利享有…… ________________
cntribute t
familiarize neself with
be tlerant f
be representative f...
cast light n
be entitled t
Ⅱ.单句语法填空A1．His father was in prisn and abut t be killed. In the crisis he fund several ________ (clue) t prve his father's inncence.2．Facing an enrmus amunt f wrk, yu must have enugh ________ (patient). Otherwise, yu'll break dwn.3．His inventin was put int practice n a large scale, and he ________ (reward) with what he had been lnging fr.4．He is ________ (cnstant) imprving his painting skills and dreaming f hlding an exhibitin where his realistic paintings will be displayed.5．She said she was admitted t the university in her wn right, but everyne knew it was nt ________ (lgic)．
was rewarded
6．One day he was riding a bike n the edge f the frest when he ________ (perceive) that a rare bird apparently hurt was lying n the rad.7．Please be realistic! The ________ (real) is that ur cmpany is experiencing a sharp decline in its prfits.8．The reprter said that the ld man with weak visin made a living by grwing mushrms and garlic and that he had ________ (underg) a lt f hardships.9．Rapid ______________ (industrial) has resulted in an apparent increase in pllutin in the city.10．The head went n a tur f inspectin f the factry, ________ (dig) up sme useful infrmatin.
industrializatin
B1．This unusual genius is crazy abut music, which is ________ (rt) in his parents wh are bth extrardinary musicians.2．Our cuntry pssesses a vast land and we believe it will vercme all difficulties t maintain scial ________ (stable)．3．After staring at her fr a mment, then all f a sudden he turned away, which shwed that he decided nt t be ________ (tlerate) f her rudeness any mre.4．Against all expectatins, his dg fell shrt f breath, which made him wnder wh was ________ (blame) fr it.5．There is sme dubt abut his predictin that everybdy in ur cmpany will get a clthing ________ (allw)．
6．His car, full f raw materials, passed thrugh three ________ (district) and reached his destinatin, where his friend had arranged fr a man t pick him up.7．The wrthy cmpser ________ (bend) ver and embraced the weeping child, telling him t turn srrw int strength.8．I like the surrundings f this rural area, which are ________ (characterize) by hills and rivers.9．In that remte rural area, yu have t rely n yurself t wrk ut all the difficulties ________ (encunter) in yur jb.
characterized
Ⅲ.单句写作1．这个固执的人与组织决裂，因为组织所倡导的信念未能使他实现理想。(rigid, break with, belief, advcate过去分词短语作定语， ideal)___________________________________________________________2．我怀疑他们能否成功要求加薪四倍于以前的工资。(I dubt if/whether, claim)___________________________________________________________3．面对全球变暖，我们别无选择，只能尽我们最大的努力去改变。(face分词短语作状语， have n chice but t d, make a difference)___________________________________________________________
The rigid man brke with the rganizatin because the belief advcated by it failed t make him achieve the ideal.
I dubt if/whether they will succeed in claiming a pay raise fur times their previus salary.
Facing glbal warming/Faced with glbal warming, we have n chice but t try ur best t make a difference.
4．那位女士体谅他还是个孩子的事实，没有责怪他的行为，而是选择了宽容。(make allwance fr现在分词短语作状语， , tlerant)___________________________________________________________5．当他走向冰冻的河面时，他考虑了他朋友的暗示。(as, frzen, imply)___________________________________________________________6．虽然他的英语掌握得很好，但他还是会在阅读时搜集一些复杂的句子来进行翻译。(grasp, dig up, interpret)___________________________________________________________
Making allwance fr the fact that he was a child, the lady did nt blame him fr his behaviur, but chse t be tlerant.
As he walked twards the frzen river, he cnsidered what his friend had implied.
Althugh he has a gd grasp f English, he still digs up sme cmplex sentences t interpret while reading.
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